their caloric intake and I'm particularlly interested in their eating window. Were they intermittent fasting based on mega fawna availibility? Basically were there longer periods of fasting and longer periods of feasting? and are there any genetic markers that corroberate this?
That different species of humans were alive at the same time is fascinating. If I could go back in time, 40,000 years would be a starter just to meet Neanderthals.
I can't overstate how incredibly impressive this is. What a treat to see someone create such a labour of love on my relatively specific special interest. This is so high-quality and well-researched, and your voice is so pleasant to listen to. Cannot believe this content is free!!! Gotta throw you a tip, cos this is better than a lot of movies I've paid to see.
When you said special interest, I immediately thought that maybe you’re autistic like me too? I love learning about ancient humans and animals, it has always been a secondary special interest behind my intense temporary ones. :)
This is how I would like every documentary and scientific video to be like: All relevant information patiently and thoroughly explained. Thoughtful interpretation of facts instead of promotion of graphic conjectures. Pictures that help imagining and understanding the story. Text and music help focusing on the content. Absolutely worth taking my time and watching! 😃
This is why old media is doomed already XD documentaries on tv are pretty much unwatchable, they are packed with commercials, they "clickbait" themselves every 5 minutes throughout the entire duration by repeating the buzz words that they likely used to pitch the documentary, they repeat the same information countless times to account for people who are "just tuning in" and they pad the runtime with useless comentary or artistic renderings. you squeeze the average 1 hour history channel doc and you get 10 minutes of actual real value.
@RabbyRabbithole i wouldn't even say old media has any "documentaries" anymore... its all either drama tv, or lunatics trying to go against science lol
@@RabbyRabbithole you forgot the ridiculous overly dramatic music they use. Honestly it's like they think the music will keep uninterested viewers interested. Meanwhile they don't realize how many people actually want solid content.
That would go against there religion now we can't have that can we ? They would die before they let you prove the Bible was false, history's already proven that.
I think I learned more about Neanderthal from this one video than I have done from a lifetime of watching other Neanderthal documentaries made by professionals. Very well done.
I agree... (brace yourself, there's a "but" coming) Buuut... I know what you meant, however, as far as I'm concerned, if you're putting out material at this level- in every aspect, researching, writing, producing, and editing,- you're a professional in my book. Perhaps an unemployed professional (though I hope not. If I was in the media field I'd hire this guy in a heartbeat), but a very talented professional none the less. No need to put professionals in a different tier. Great video! Thank you. And past master... I love history as it seems you do... I always liked it, but I didn't realize I loved it until the internet and especially TH-cam came along... I sometimes think of my history, and how different it would be if things like this were available like this when i was in school, I quite possibly might have been a history major or even a scientist (physics, another thing I didn't know how interested I was until TH-cam) instead of building buildings (which I also love)... Anyhow... thanks for listening and crossing paths with me and these Neanderthals! Be careless... enjoy your day, and then the ones after it too.
well that's because things on netflix and such are meant to be entertaining and pander to a very wide audience, and spend half their budget on celebrity voice actors. The vast majority of people on netflix would rather watch something entertaining than something informative. YT changes that though since probably half of the entire human population has access to youtube so you make really specific things and still have an audience large enough for it to be considered successful.
0:01: 🧬 This documentary explores the world of Neanderthals, their biology, behavior, and interactions with modern humans, as well as their extinction. 15:55: 🏃♂ Neanderthals had a longer Achilles tendon, shorter limbs for sprinting, and adapted morphology for cold climates. 31:47: ✂ Neanderthals used a technique called lavawa to create sharp flakes for butchering and working materials, allowing them to be highly mobile. 47:19: 🗡 The spears found were designed for thrusting and throwing, with one specifically made for thrusting. 1:02:43: 🔥 Archaeological evidence suggests that Neanderthals did create their own fires, mainly using naturally dead wood and some fresh green wood. 1:17:11: 💥 Neanderthals used both throwing and thrusting spears, with thrusting being more common. 1:32:29: 🍖 Neanderthals were expert butchers and practiced cannibalism to a similar degree as our own species. 1:47:26: 🏞 Neanderthals lived in caves but their living spaces were more accurately depicted as fire-lit living spaces with furnishings, and they were highly nomadic. 2:03:08: 💡 Neanderthals had lower finger ratios than modern humans, indicating they were likely competitive for mates and may have formed polygamous relationships. 2:16:52: 🦅 Neanderthals interacted with bird bones, particularly primary flight feathers, for their aesthetic value. 2:31:20: 💀 Possible evidence of deliberate burial by Neanderthals and display of mourning behavior in chimpanzees. 2:46:06: 📚 Neanderthals could have lived to a similar age as hunter-gatherers and had extensive knowledge of their environment. 3:01:33: 🧬 Neanderthals likely went extinct due to assimilation, infertility, and gradual decline, rather than inability to hunt or less complex technology. Recap by Tammy AI
This summary doesn't even cover 5% of the information and totally neglects the brilliance of it's presentation, watch the real thing it's seriously deserving and worthwhile.
I've been in awe of your videos for some time, but this one is amazing! National Geographic or Nova could not have done a better job, in fact, those productions tend to 'talk down' a lot, while you are confident in your audiences ability to absorb the information you so thoughtfully produce. I think it's a shame that TH-cam doesn't promote content creators like you so more people can discover that a great learning tool this is. Thank you, and best wishes for continued success.
This is fascinating. I “knew” that Neanderthals made tools of wood and stone. However, I had no idea that they probably made and used glue to make composite tools. Using what effectively is a hammer and chisel to more precisely work stone is remarkable. Thank you!
Something about our ancient relatives makes me cry. Not for any sense of sadness, but out of a deep sense of compassion for these people that we had so much in common with. We know that they lived, but while their bones and sites and even tools may be preserved, we are left without their voices, their laughter, their cries and moans, these noises that make up life. How much of these people will we never know that made them what they were? I wonder how much we have in common, and I can only hope that the cave artists who wanted to say "I was here" know that they are remembered.
Fantastic content! This is probably the best documentary about neanderthals and ancient human life in general - not only on TH-cam, but out there on the internet as a whole. Amazing to think you've produced and launched this for free. Many thanks from Norway!
I listened to this as a podcast withour realizing original footage was recorded I will watch again very soon to respect the effort you all took in this truly enlightening production
@@kristinebailey6554 I want to establish upfront that I'm more of a right-leaning centrist than a liberal. Your vibes seem a bit off-kilter, like a mental balancing act gone awry. By the way, curious to hear your take on the whole 'woke' thing-how do you define it?
@@citizenone1496woah, someone wants to try and flex his intellectual and moral superiority. No one is gonna think you're smart or righteous, based on what you say in a YT comment section.
Wow beautiful, informative, not sensationalised, but utterly riveting in a very calm compassionate way. My goodness if only all documentaries were like this. Wow and thank you.
Oh my goodness this was certainly worth my time. I took archeology and anthropology in the early 1980s so all of this was new. I am proud to have whatever genes that survived from them. You did such wonderful work for this ...Thank-you.
I have waited a long time for this and OMG was it worth the wait! You went far above and beyond for the most realistic account of Neandeethal lifestyle than any documentarian ever. Wish I could give you 1000 👍
As an amateur, I've read a lot of books about Neanderthals , early humans and prehistory in general, and now just watched this fantastic documentary from the first minute to the last. It really tells "everything we know" (or almost) in a very pleasant manner. It is packed with facts and cautious with interpretations. And I love the scenes with your Neanderthal friends 🙂! Many thanks and congratulations!
@@Jess-zf3ve Most of them are in French. Silvana Condemi has written very interesting books on Neanderthals and their interaction with Sapiens, some of which have been translated into English I think. Johannes Krause, "A short history of humanity" gives a broader view of human evolution from a genetic perspective. Jean Clottes is a great specialist in cave art, and some of his books are also available in English.
This is so incredibly good! I've learned more from this that I have over years. It's so rare for a TH-cam video to give new information, instead of repeating what dozens of others have already made videos about. Thank you! Just a note, at 1:24:31 a line gets repeated: 'the high rate of bird remains at their sites raise a number of questions about how they procured them'
This is extraordinary! It’s not only thoughtfully researched, it’s presented with a perspective that could be believably Neanderthal. We aren’t so different and proposing that Sapiens and Neanderthals just became one tribe makes a lot more logical sense than any degree of warfare. Thank you for the time, energy and depth of humanity required to produce this.
We didn't become one tribe.They died out. But we did interbreed (our genes were the dominant ones, much more so than even sheer number of representatives of each species). Scientists are just starting to emphasize that Sapiens diseases could be the reason for the final, steep nose dive of Neanderthal people. That's what happened when Europeans appeared on other continents several hundreds of years ago-die outs. (not just killings, in some places).
Absolutely superb! Thanks for connecting the dots from all the many documentaries I've watched on Neanderthals. I was completely captivated by all the details!
Thanks for all your thorough and high quality content! I look forward to more brief content (in the 20 minute range) but this documentary is clearly an achievement that requires recognition.
Fantastic! Thank you so much. We all need this kind of relatable clarity and synthesis in our history books because regardless of who we are or where we're from, we all ask the very same questions: who are we, where are we from, how did we get here? Really liked it!
Let's goooooooooooo! I've never been so hyped about a 3 hour documentary about cave dudes. (Edit: after viewing the documentary I have been informed that the depiction of Neanderthals as barbaric cave dwellers is inaccurate. I would like to formally apologize to any and all Neanderthals who may have been hurt by my previous statement.
Once again, North 02, Félicitations on your long work. You can exhale now, knowing that it was a success. And a side note that I wasn't aware of, felicitations to the actors who so brilliantly played the roles of Neanderthal man & his mate & his offspring...& others who filled in as authentic characters in your docu-drama. It's such a fascinating work, your attempt at recreating a feasible past in order to better explain where we are today, & how we got here via our bizarre progenitors. I can't thank you enough for taking up where my profs of natural history, anthropology, & geology left off . And I must add, your tuition here on youtube is much more reasonable!
Spectacular. You make videos in the most effective manner. I've been checking them over the past 4days and oh the joy it's been finding another platform to expand from. Style is very Laissez-faire if you will. Very much looking forward to future content from you
Absolutely fantastic video! I watched the entire thing, you managed to have a perfect blend with your narration between, calm but engaging. Some TH-camrs are too energetic and some are too monotonous, but you balance composure and passion in a way that truly helped me be engaged! I learned so much, and I'll continue to binge your videos, thank you for making this and please keep making more ! 🥰
Oh plus very well researched and reaching out to experts in the field to have them talk about things was brilliant and enlightening! Having your sources and script open is a very welcome bonus
I'd love to see a map speculating the migration habits of a specific tribe. Assuming they didnt have hydroflasks access to fresh water was probably paramount.
It varies a lot. Throughout the paleolithic we have settlements by the river directly and up to a few hundred meters, as far as I know and if we generalise. So yes.
slightly unrelated, I know, but still very related :) very awesome "docu" fiction, very well based in scientific knowledge th-cam.com/video/34j7I-LjBC8/w-d-xo.html
@@bryantgeorge4552 you mean the altitude? sorry youtube does not make it clear what you are replying to.. anyway, the altitude is most probably tied to the underlying geology - meaning simply that in certain altitudes in mountain valleys (all inner continents) are .. whats the english word... silts! and therefore suitable for whatever you choose - either specific niches for hunting or later for crop farming.... thats my very shortened answer edit: also applies to seasons and predictability of certain ideal temperatures and micro climates, and many more like this edit2: in my area of focus, the central european neolithic/chalcolithic, it is almost shocking and striking how people settled in very specific narrow altitudes
Thank you, North 02! This was magnificent. It followed the narrative of the Neanderthals with so much detail and information. I really liked your discussion of the mingling of hybrids, Homo Sapiens and Neanderthals into shared communities. You have come a long way since your early videos where you pitted two different animals against each other to see who would win in a fight.
Incredibly good job in making this video. To think this was made by you and not be a company is astounding. I hope you'll make much more content such as this in the future. Great job and very , very informative about my ancestors.
Loved this video. Thank you for all the valuable and fascinating information. You should be proud of your accomplishment. It was clearly an effort of love. Thank you, again.
What are you even on about? Ask this is just a fantasy that they want you to believe so that you don't find out the real truth about what we are! Anyone with half a brain knows that Donald Trump hand built a time machine and had his way with Lucy.
Just writing a comment to say hello. Fantastic documentary! Greatly appreciate the excite sources and point out that information is refined over time by research.
It was a joy to watch the entire video in a single sitting...I will most certainly watch it many more times...sometimes a segment at a time, or sometimes in its entirety again...this is evidence of brilliant storytelling and magnificent video making. I cannot thank you enough for creating such a loving and beautiful story of our ancestors!
Would love to see more videos on indigenous groups of humans such as the Ainu in Japan or Sami peoples and how much their lives actually reflect the reality in which our ancestors lived.
I finished the video, and I love it. Such an up-to-date beautiful summary of the Neanderthals, with a lot to think about, and so much information. I will watch this again and again. Great job!
Thank you for this magnificent and wonderful work. I can’t imagine the amount of dedication and effort it has taken you. You have a captivating storytelling style that made me lose sense of time around me. Keep up the great work!
I've been wanting to watch this, and I finally got to! Well done! I enjoyed the whole program from the beginning to the end. But, then, this is my cup - of - tea! Once again, it is well done all the way around and by everyone who participated.
Neanderthals were fascinating. I've learned a lot in a little more than three hours. I'm not an anthropologist but I lived for years in north central New Mexico and was very interested in Chacoan culture and present day pueblo society and how it developed. When I first moved out west the conventional consensus was that the indigenous inhabitants of Mesa Verde and Chaco Canyon had crossed the land bridge from their point of origin, which was said to be Siberia and migrated south to the present day Colorado plateau. Today it is thought that the Anistazi were actually from Mexico and migrated either from central Mexico or the Yucatan Peninsula and came with others who traveled south with Montezuma and returned to the south west years later. Roughly seven hundred years after their arrival they abandoned their entire empire and disappeared altogether. Some speculate that they moved east of the area they were in to the Jemez Mountains where they built a massive network of primitive field house pueblos, much less sophisticated then Mesa Verde and the modern puebloans emerged speaking Tee wa and Ta wa, languages that are said to be much older then the last migration of the people who were said to have built and lived in Mesa Verde. If you want an interesting subject to research, how the modern day pueblo dwellers came to be where they are and how they got there and where they previously were, in my opinion this might be a project that could make for an extremely controversial but interesting documentary. With the result you got doing this one that I watched this evening it occurs to me that you might be just the one to do it. Thank you for all your good work. I hope you'll produce more programs of this sort. I enjoyed it immensely!
this channel is my fav 2 way channel. i could watch it in the middle of the day and never lose interest, or play it at 1 am to fall asleep to with ease. LOVE IT!
I'm here from my mom's DNA test estimating she has more neanderthal DNA than 92% of other 23andme participants. Stayed for the fantastic info. Must've taken soooo long to make. Bravo
😃 What a fantastic achievement! I stumbled upon this by accident but was captivated for the entire duration. This should be required watching for anyone interested in human evolution. With the utmost admiration and respect to this channel - now to catch up on all your other videos ...........
Great work! Glad to see you too liked Rebecca’s work. Amazing book. I have come back to this video 3X in the past week and just keep re-listening to parts. Hope you get to see some of the caves while in Europe!
This was incredible! I took a phsyical anthropology class in college almost 20 years and the wealth of information we have now about Neanderthals is staggering compared to then.
Thank you for this deep look into our shared genetic relatives. As you pointed out, more research may well lead to alterations in understanding, but that doesn't detract from the fascinating glimpses you've offered here, based on current scientific studies. As an aside, my father had a hobby of collecting native American stone points and tools, found during his many hikes throughout his life. Growing up, I listened to his explanations of what each was likely used for, and which tribes they likely originated from. The skills and techniques reflected in those "primitive stone tools" left me in awe of their creators' ingenuity. Again, thank you for this lengthy, enlightening exploration into our shared genetic relatives.
Not only are your videos well-made and absolutely fascinating, you have one of the most soothing voices I have ever heard. I often re-watch (or simply listen) to my favorites when I want to relax and calm my intensely hyperactive tendencies. :)
Well said! I watch (mostly listen to) North 02's great videos while I write code for my job. You are right - his voice is so soothing, and his tone perfectly matches this content, which is very detailed, occassionally technical, but never boring. I thought I was the only one who appreciated his voice. Your comment made me laugh! Thanks!
Wow, definitely worth the wait! Aside from the numerous adds, TH-cam no doubt, this was a great and informative watch. My congratulations for this well researched documentary. It was great to watch. Thanks for all the work it would have taken to achieve this. Much love from Australia 🇦🇺 .
I enjoyed watching this documentary. My DNA shows that I have almost 2% neanderthal genes. The highest in my family whose ancestors were mostly British and Irish and German. I think I got those genes from my Mom. She had green eyes and coal black hair and short, muscular stature and a clump of hair growing on her mid-lower back( called a mares tail). She went through hell with my abusive Dad but survived to 91 years of age! Although I didn't inherit her hair and eye coloring I have her short, stout, muscular stature and I'm 85 years old!
This is just fantastic. I keep coming back to this video. Your neanderthal videos got me obsessed with the species. I love these people, its tragic that none of us will ever meet any other kind of human in our lifetime.
Wow! It took me a couple of days to get through this video but it was well worth it. I really liked the last 15 minutes. Fantastic research and really interesting. I've known for some time that my inflammation condition was attributed to the HLA-B27 gene which was a result of a long lost encounter between a Neanderthal and Human. This video really helped create some context around our lost cousins and their amazing lives. Well done.
Fascinating account! Listened to the 200 minutes in 4 stages, but it was hard to tear myself away in every case :) I noticed that you have recently added a new video about the early humans and I look forward to dive into it. Thanks for your fabulous productions!
Great video North 02! The more I learn about Neanderthal's the more I question some of the prevailing theories of human evolution. Neanderthals seem like fully evolved modern humans... Keep the content coming!
Exceptional work, my fellow viewers have said it all. Thank you - a life time of interest (9 till now 69) in Neanderthal People culminating for now in this video you have given us. Loved the presentation with a little help from your friends. Beautifully done.
I see people are bringing race into this so an observation by me- actual ww2 footage of a small French resistance group talking- 2 members to my 12 yo mind did have distinctly what was later known as a part of Neanderthal physiology the distinctive brow ridge not as prominent as our cousins but there. Proud of my 1-2 percent and to the proud fighters at that time who manifested in their face a long ago trait of a different human. Was that a possibility?
I know people who dont believe in neanderthals, and its damn sad. This film is amazing, you did beautiful work and i cant imagine the amount of work that went into this.
Thank you so much for such a thorough, well researched, well explained, and thoughtful documentary. I really enjoy all your content and getting such a long video on Neanderthals is such a treat!
I lived in a Philippine village for a time, and they had two kinds of rafts made of bamboo. One was like a ferry that brought school kids over to where the jeep could get them and take them to school, as well as people, bringing animals and crops to market. It was made of a thick walled bamboo. The second kind was made of a thinner walled bamboo that is commonly used as torches in the United States called Bohol. It was harvested in the mountains and brought down river to the main highway that ran along the coast and down to Manila. The second kind of raft had a rectangular back end, bound together by short slats, with three layers of bamboo of about the same diameter all lashed together in a strong rectangular configuration. The front end was all bound together in one circular bundle so that it acted like a prow of a boat. There is a Newsweek article about a reenactment of a bamboo raft, bringing people from Indonesia to Australia, who were to leave on February 6, 2020 by a group called the First Mariners. I have not found the results of their trip, but bamboo basically cannot sink, and would have been a perfectly good method to bring Homo luzonensis to Luzon where I lived.
This was an amazing documentary North 02! Honestly, I think it is the best and most up to date one I've seen. Thank you for making and sharing this great educational video!! Great job!
This sparked an indescribable interest in me toward archaic humans. I can't believe how many misconceptions I had about our cousin species. We were all beautiful and extraordinary in our own ways. Thank you for the exhaustive detail you put into this video.
I loved this video, it was incredibly well put together and interesting! I will be rewatching it, probably several times. Thank you for all the work you did in putting this together.
How fun, I just realized two of my favorite content creators are connected! You both give the BBC and PBS documentaries a run for their money. Much respect and thanks for making such amazing projects accessible.
Yet it opens; 5 seconds in and there's a prominent error! Neanderthals are not our closest relatives, extinct or extant. They are not ancestral to us, a point alone that demonstrates that. Our closest relatives and happen to be extinct, will of course be our immediate ancestor. Stating what that is with confidence isn't possible given the lack of definitive evidence. But a prominent candidate is Homo heidelbergensis.
I woke up this was playing with maybe 15-20 min left. This is just a light critic of what I seen. Don''t know where it sits in educational but would like to see this type of material perhaps given at a early-mid high school level and of course as information to anyone interested about Neanderthals and where we all fit together. Nice clean simple to comprehend. Thank you for your work.
![[Live] : ONE 169 วันนี้!! "อนาโตลี vs อูมาร์"](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/IK3YZVWuFJg/mqdefault.jpg)
What do you think is the most fascinating aspect about the Neanderthals???
The cave paintings.
Their different brain structure.
Their brain 🧠 size for sure (and their unique technology)
their caloric intake and I'm particularlly interested in their eating window. Were they intermittent fasting based on mega fawna availibility? Basically were there longer periods of fasting and longer periods of feasting? and are there any genetic markers that corroberate this?
That different species of humans were alive at the same time is fascinating. If I could go back in time, 40,000 years would be a starter just to meet Neanderthals.
I can't overstate how incredibly impressive this is. What a treat to see someone create such a labour of love on my relatively specific special interest. This is so high-quality and well-researched, and your voice is so pleasant to listen to. Cannot believe this content is free!!! Gotta throw you a tip, cos this is better than a lot of movies I've paid to see.
Thank you so much!!
😮😮😮
Goat!
When you said special interest, I immediately thought that maybe you’re autistic like me too? I love learning about ancient humans and animals, it has always been a secondary special interest behind my intense temporary ones. :)
@@regulargoat7259 not everyone is retarded shut up 🙄
This is how I would like every documentary and scientific video to be like:
All relevant information patiently and thoroughly explained.
Thoughtful interpretation of facts instead of promotion of graphic conjectures.
Pictures that help imagining and understanding the story.
Text and music help focusing on the content.
Absolutely worth taking my time and watching! 😃
This is why old media is doomed already XD documentaries on tv are pretty much unwatchable, they are packed with commercials, they "clickbait" themselves every 5 minutes throughout the entire duration by repeating the buzz words that they likely used to pitch the documentary, they repeat the same information countless times to account for people who are "just tuning in" and they pad the runtime with useless comentary or artistic renderings. you squeeze the average 1 hour history channel doc and you get 10 minutes of actual real value.
@RabbyRabbithole i wouldn't even say old media has any "documentaries" anymore... its all either drama tv, or lunatics trying to go against science lol
@@RabbyRabbithole you forgot the ridiculous overly dramatic music they use. Honestly it's like they think the music will keep uninterested viewers interested. Meanwhile they don't realize how many people actually want solid content.
That would go against there religion now we can't have that can we ? They would die before they let you prove the Bible was false, history's already proven that.
@@TigerLily61811 solid content...... really? You want a movie not a documentary.
This has to be the most comprehensive documentary about Neanderthals I’ve ever seen. Thank you for indulging those of us with this special interest.
Look up.tne neanderthal predation theory. Most of what we are told of neanderthals is completely false...
longer than a movie..twice as long as any documentary. wow north 02 you've gone above and beyond with this one
He said "everything" and it sure seems like it
Thank you very much for this amazing piece of work.
@Remembering Minnesota thanks most definitely right. on my second time watching haha
"Twice as long as any documentary"
I've watched two 4+hr documentaries today alone lol
@Remembering Minnesota Haha me too, every night I put this on. I need to watch it all the way through while awake though lol.
I think I learned more about Neanderthal from this one video than I have done from a lifetime of watching other Neanderthal documentaries made by professionals. Very well done.
I agree...
(brace yourself, there's a "but" coming)
Buuut... I know what you meant, however, as far as I'm concerned, if you're putting out material at this level- in every aspect, researching, writing, producing, and editing,- you're a professional in my book. Perhaps an unemployed professional (though I hope not. If I was in the media field I'd hire this guy in a heartbeat), but a very talented professional none the less. No need to put professionals in a different tier.
Great video! Thank you.
And past master... I love history as it seems you do... I always liked it, but I didn't realize I loved it until the internet and especially TH-cam came along... I sometimes think of my history, and how different it would be if things like this were available like this when i was in school, I quite possibly might have been a history major or even a scientist (physics, another thing I didn't know how interested I was until TH-cam) instead of building buildings (which I also love)...
Anyhow... thanks for listening and crossing paths with me and these Neanderthals!
Be careless... enjoy your day, and then the ones after it too.
he sounds vaccinated
p 😅😀😂
Neanderthals didn't look as human as people portray them to be... And they were super strong and ultra violent. And, they hunted other hominids. 😊
well that's because things on netflix and such are meant to be entertaining and pander to a very wide audience, and spend half their budget on celebrity voice actors. The vast majority of people on netflix would rather watch something entertaining than something informative.
YT changes that though since probably half of the entire human population has access to youtube so you make really specific things and still have an audience large enough for it to be considered successful.
0:01: 🧬 This documentary explores the world of Neanderthals, their biology, behavior, and interactions with modern humans, as well as their extinction.
15:55: 🏃♂ Neanderthals had a longer Achilles tendon, shorter limbs for sprinting, and adapted morphology for cold climates.
31:47: ✂ Neanderthals used a technique called lavawa to create sharp flakes for butchering and working materials, allowing them to be highly mobile.
47:19: 🗡 The spears found were designed for thrusting and throwing, with one specifically made for thrusting.
1:02:43: 🔥 Archaeological evidence suggests that Neanderthals did create their own fires, mainly using naturally dead wood and some fresh green wood.
1:17:11: 💥 Neanderthals used both throwing and thrusting spears, with thrusting being more common.
1:32:29: 🍖 Neanderthals were expert butchers and practiced cannibalism to a similar degree as our own species.
1:47:26: 🏞 Neanderthals lived in caves but their living spaces were more accurately depicted as fire-lit living spaces with furnishings, and they were highly nomadic.
2:03:08: 💡 Neanderthals had lower finger ratios than modern humans, indicating they were likely competitive for mates and may have formed polygamous relationships.
2:16:52: 🦅 Neanderthals interacted with bird bones, particularly primary flight feathers, for their aesthetic value.
2:31:20: 💀 Possible evidence of deliberate burial by Neanderthals and display of mourning behavior in chimpanzees.
2:46:06: 📚 Neanderthals could have lived to a similar age as hunter-gatherers and had extensive knowledge of their environment.
3:01:33: 🧬 Neanderthals likely went extinct due to assimilation, infertility, and gradual decline, rather than inability to hunt or less complex technology.
Recap by Tammy AI
Wow, 3 hours of my time saved! Thanks Tammy AI!
Thanks
This summary doesn't even cover 5% of the information and totally neglects the brilliance of it's presentation, watch the real thing it's seriously deserving and worthwhile.
lavawa u mean levallois ?
@@autopsipath. THE FIRST HUMANS , fully human and cannot be cloned.
This was not only a damn impressive film but also utterly fascinating. Thank you for sharing this with the world.
I've been in awe of your videos for some time, but this one is amazing! National Geographic or Nova could not have done a better job, in fact, those productions tend to 'talk down' a lot, while you are confident in your audiences ability to absorb the information you so thoughtfully produce. I think it's a shame that TH-cam doesn't promote content creators like you so more people can discover that a great learning tool this is. Thank you, and best wishes for continued success.
Seconded.
I was in ay wee
@@AfricanWildDog54 sroundlfed
Your dictation is impeccable!
@@kathrynstein3584 I think you mean "diction".
This is fascinating. I “knew” that Neanderthals made tools of wood and stone. However, I had no idea that they probably made and used glue to make composite tools. Using what effectively is a hammer and chisel to more precisely work stone is remarkable.
Thank you!
Something about our ancient relatives makes me cry. Not for any sense of sadness, but out of a deep sense of compassion for these people that we had so much in common with. We know that they lived, but while their bones and sites and even tools may be preserved, we are left without their voices, their laughter, their cries and moans, these noises that make up life. How much of these people will we never know that made them what they were? I wonder how much we have in common, and I can only hope that the cave artists who wanted to say "I was here" know that they are remembered.
i feel this way too. hunter gathering is the purest form of human life and they were truly humans like us.
Really nicely stated. Whence these tears? I don't know but I also shed them. Perhaps it's the sorrow of knowing we will never know.
@@magnipettersson4432 For Homo Neanderthalensis, perhaps, but not us.
@@ominous-omnipresent-they haha 99% of our existence was as hunter gatherers. what your saying couldnt be further from the truth.
@@magnipettersson4432 And that makes it the purest form of human life; how?
Fantastic content! This is probably the best documentary about neanderthals and ancient human life in general - not only on TH-cam, but out there on the internet as a whole. Amazing to think you've produced and launched this for free. Many thanks from Norway!
I love replaying this when I am having trouble relaxing to sleep. It reminds me of being read a bedtime story. Your voice is so smooth and musical.🙂
I listened to this as a podcast withour realizing original footage was recorded
I will watch again very soon to respect the effort you all took in this truly enlightening production
Somebody give this man a show! This is superior to any documentary you’d see on PBS or National Geographic!
yes! Both of those went woke and run gloom and doom coverage.
@@kristinebailey6554 I want to establish upfront that I'm more of a right-leaning centrist than a liberal. Your vibes seem a bit off-kilter, like a mental balancing act gone awry. By the way, curious to hear your take on the whole 'woke' thing-how do you define it?
@@citizenone1496woah, someone wants to try and flex his intellectual and moral superiority. No one is gonna think you're smart or righteous, based on what you say in a YT comment section.
@@kristinebailey6554what does “woke” mean?
He has a show! You just watched it, joining millions of others.
Amazing! Thank you for compiling all the most updated information in such a comprehensive way.
Gonna enjoy watching an hour of this before bed for the next few days, thanks for your amazing work '02.
I envy your self control. I had to see through the whole video and only slept 4 hours yesterday. It was worth the sacrifice.
@@alfastur6833 I bet it was worth the sacrifice, I’ve almost finished it, it’s an amazing video, perhaps North 02’s finest hour.
Now this is gonna be a treat, thank you for the consistently educational and entertaining content.
As a neanderthal, I thank you for making such an accurate video.
He downplayed your superior intelligence
Mr. N. Thal, I salute you. When you’re ready to take wife to bed, I would like to offer my daughter and thus join our tribes.
Lol @@Fred-t2wjust about
Wow beautiful, informative, not sensationalised, but utterly riveting in a very calm compassionate way. My goodness if only all documentaries were like this. Wow and thank you.
Oh my goodness this was certainly worth my time. I took archeology and anthropology in the early 1980s so all of this was new. I am proud to have whatever genes that survived from them. You did such wonderful work for this ...Thank-you.
Both an enthralling and calming experience. Elevating to know there's a little of the noble Neanderthal in us all. Thank you.
I have waited a long time for this and OMG was it worth the wait! You went far above and beyond for the most realistic account of Neandeethal lifestyle than any documentarian ever. Wish I could give you 1000 👍
As an amateur, I've read a lot of books about Neanderthals , early humans and prehistory in general, and now just watched this fantastic documentary from the first minute to the last. It really tells "everything we know" (or almost) in a very pleasant manner. It is packed with facts and cautious with interpretations. And I love the scenes with your Neanderthal friends 🙂! Many thanks and congratulations!
all (or almost) North02 videos are like that
But if we can breed with them, then arnt they the same species as us?
Hi can you recommend me some books on prehistory that you’ve read? Thx
@@Jess-zf3ve Most of them are in French. Silvana Condemi has written very interesting books on Neanderthals and their interaction with Sapiens, some of which have been translated into English I think. Johannes Krause, "A short history of humanity" gives a broader view of human evolution from a genetic perspective. Jean Clottes is a great specialist in cave art, and some of his books are also available in English.
@@Jess-zf3ve “Sapiens” . Can’t remember the author but it’s because I’m lazy. It’s a fairly popular book.
This is so incredibly good! I've learned more from this that I have over years. It's so rare for a TH-cam video to give new information, instead of repeating what dozens of others have already made videos about. Thank you! Just a note, at 1:24:31 a line gets repeated: 'the high rate of bird remains at their sites raise a number of questions about how they procured them'
This is extraordinary! It’s not only thoughtfully researched, it’s presented with a perspective that could be believably Neanderthal. We aren’t so different and proposing that Sapiens and Neanderthals just became one tribe makes a lot more logical sense than any degree of warfare. Thank you for the time, energy and depth of humanity required to produce this.
Thank you so much!
I am happy to present the Neanderthals in a less sterotypical perspective. I will use your donation to purchase some new flint!
@@NORTH02 I hear flint powers editing rooms very efficiently! I’m honoured!!
@@LowerTheBoom If they were equally matched in terms of weaponry, skill, etc? Probably a neanderthal seeing as they were significantly bulkier.
Beautiful imagery and soundtrack at that.
We didn't become one tribe.They died out. But we did interbreed (our genes were the dominant ones, much more so than even sheer number of representatives of each species). Scientists are just starting to emphasize that Sapiens diseases could be the reason for the final, steep nose dive of Neanderthal people. That's what happened when Europeans appeared on other continents several hundreds of years ago-die outs. (not just killings, in some places).
This film is an incredible achievement. Mad respect to you and everyone involved. Thank you for all the hard work and wonderful videos!
Anyone that says "mad respect" is an idiot.
Absolutely superb! Thanks for connecting the dots from all the many documentaries I've watched on Neanderthals. I was completely captivated by all the details!
the visuals. the soothing voice. the insightful and engaging narration. the information. absolutely love this
Thanks for all your thorough and high quality content! I look forward to more brief content (in the 20 minute range) but this documentary is clearly an achievement that requires recognition.
Thanks!!
This was so good! Thank you for the immense amount of effort you put into this masterpiece!!!
Fantastic! Thank you so much. We all need this kind of relatable clarity and synthesis in our history books because regardless of who we are or where we're from, we all ask the very same questions: who are we, where are we from, how did we get here? Really liked it!
Let's goooooooooooo! I've never been so hyped about a 3 hour documentary about cave dudes. (Edit: after viewing the documentary I have been informed that the depiction of Neanderthals as barbaric cave dwellers is inaccurate. I would like to formally apologize to any and all Neanderthals who may have been hurt by my previous statement.
😂💯
Once again, North 02, Félicitations on your long work. You can exhale now, knowing that it was a success. And a side note that I wasn't aware of, felicitations to the actors who so brilliantly played the roles of Neanderthal man & his mate & his offspring...& others who filled in as authentic characters in your docu-drama.
It's such a fascinating work, your attempt at recreating a feasible past in order to better explain where we are today, & how we got here via our bizarre progenitors. I can't thank you enough for taking up where my profs of natural history, anthropology, & geology left off . And I must add, your tuition here on youtube is much more reasonable!
Great presentation. Most thorough and explanatory documentary regarding Neanderthals I've seen so far. Many thanks and well done!
Spectacular. You make videos in the most effective manner. I've been checking them over the past 4days and oh the joy it's been finding another platform to expand from. Style is very Laissez-faire if you will. Very much looking forward to future content from you
Absolutely fantastic video! I watched the entire thing, you managed to have a perfect blend with your narration between, calm but engaging. Some TH-camrs are too energetic and some are too monotonous, but you balance composure and passion in a way that truly helped me be engaged! I learned so much, and I'll continue to binge your videos, thank you for making this and please keep making more ! 🥰
Oh plus very well researched and reaching out to experts in the field to have them talk about things was brilliant and enlightening! Having your sources and script open is a very welcome bonus
I'd love to see a map speculating the migration habits of a specific tribe. Assuming they didnt have hydroflasks access to fresh water was probably paramount.
It varies a lot. Throughout the paleolithic we have settlements by the river directly and up to a few hundred meters, as far as I know and if we generalise. So yes.
slightly unrelated, I know, but still very related :) very awesome "docu" fiction, very well based in scientific knowledge th-cam.com/video/34j7I-LjBC8/w-d-xo.html
IMHO altitude above sea level was as important as water proximity for some reason
@@youlemur why? make this make sense for us plebs
@@bryantgeorge4552 you mean the altitude? sorry youtube does not make it clear what you are replying to.. anyway, the altitude is most probably tied to the underlying geology - meaning simply that in certain altitudes in mountain valleys (all inner continents) are .. whats the english word... silts! and therefore suitable for whatever you choose - either specific niches for hunting or later for crop farming.... thats my very shortened answer
edit: also applies to seasons and predictability of certain ideal temperatures and micro climates, and many more like this
edit2: in my area of focus, the central european neolithic/chalcolithic, it is almost shocking and striking how people settled in very specific narrow altitudes
Great work really enjoyed it. Information rich, we’ll researched, relevant visuals many worth a pause. Really impressed.
Thank you, North 02! This was magnificent. It followed the narrative of the Neanderthals with so much detail and information. I really liked your discussion of the mingling of hybrids, Homo Sapiens and Neanderthals into shared communities. You have come a long way since your early videos where you pitted two different animals against each other to see who would win in a fight.
Haha those were the days
Incredibly good job in making this video. To think this was made by you and not be a company is astounding. I hope you'll make much more content such as this in the future. Great job and very , very informative about my ancestors.
Loved this video. Thank you for all the valuable and fascinating information. You should be proud of your accomplishment. It was clearly an effort of love. Thank you, again.
So looking forward to this. You do such a great job of putting information together and making a great story out of it.
Not one mention of aliens, hollow earth, flat earth, or alternate dimensions. How can this possibly be a documentary on the past 😆. Fantastic job sir.
True.....
This comment made me laugh out loud.
Still ridiculous talking about bloody monkeys!! I have never seen a monkey turn human 😂and no one else has
How many aliens have they dug up? I suppose they have but are hiding it.
What are you even on about? Ask this is just a fantasy that they want you to believe so that you don't find out the real truth about what we are!
Anyone with half a brain knows that Donald Trump hand built a time machine and had his way with Lucy.
Just writing a comment to say hello.
Fantastic documentary!
Greatly appreciate the excite sources and point out that information is refined over time by research.
It was a joy to watch the entire video in a single sitting...I will most certainly watch it many more times...sometimes a segment at a time, or sometimes in its entirety again...this is evidence of brilliant storytelling and magnificent video making.
I cannot thank you enough for creating such a loving and beautiful story of our ancestors!
Would love to see more videos on indigenous groups of humans such as the Ainu in Japan or Sami peoples and how much their lives actually reflect the reality in which our ancestors lived.
Absolutely fascinating, incredible production, research amd presentation. Thank you so much 😁
I finished the video, and I love it. Such an up-to-date beautiful summary of the Neanderthals, with a lot to think about, and so much information. I will watch this again and again. Great job!
Thank you for this magnificent and wonderful work. I can’t imagine the amount of dedication and effort it has taken you. You have a captivating storytelling style that made me lose sense of time around me. Keep up the great work!
I've been wanting to watch this, and I finally got to! Well done! I enjoyed the whole program from the beginning to the end. But, then, this is my cup - of - tea! Once again, it is well done all the way around and by everyone who participated.
Neanderthals were fascinating. I've learned a lot in a little more than three hours. I'm not an anthropologist but I lived for years in north central New Mexico and was very interested in Chacoan culture and present day pueblo society and how it developed. When I first moved out west the conventional consensus was that the indigenous inhabitants of Mesa Verde and Chaco Canyon had crossed the land bridge from their point of origin, which was said to be Siberia and migrated south to the present day Colorado plateau. Today it is thought that the Anistazi were actually from Mexico and migrated either from central Mexico or the Yucatan Peninsula and came with others who traveled south with Montezuma and returned to the south west years later. Roughly seven hundred years after their arrival they abandoned their entire empire and disappeared altogether. Some speculate that they moved east of the area they were in to the Jemez Mountains where they built a massive network of primitive field house pueblos, much less sophisticated then Mesa Verde and the modern puebloans emerged speaking Tee wa and Ta wa, languages that are said to be much older then the last migration of the people who were said to have built and lived in Mesa Verde.
If you want an interesting subject to research, how the modern day pueblo dwellers came to be where they are and how they got there and where they previously were, in my opinion this might be a project that could make for an extremely controversial but interesting documentary. With the result you got doing this one that I watched this evening it occurs to me that you might be just the one to do it.
Thank you for all your good work. I hope you'll produce more programs of this sort. I enjoyed it immensely!
Agreed. He could definitely do justice to such an intriguing, enigmatic story.
Time to get the popcorn ready
As a fellow North 02 addict, I am doing the same. Gonna get comfortable and enjoy the content.
Popcorn, jammies on, ready!
Definitely a treat! 👍
i enjoy it drinking maté
Your Great Depression snacks lol
this channel is my fav 2 way channel. i could watch it in the middle of the day and never lose interest, or play it at 1 am to fall asleep to with ease. LOVE IT!
I'm here from my mom's DNA test estimating she has more neanderthal DNA than 92% of other 23andme participants. Stayed for the fantastic info. Must've taken soooo long to make. Bravo
Cool
😃 What a fantastic achievement! I stumbled upon this by accident but was captivated for the entire duration. This should be required watching for anyone interested in human evolution. With the utmost admiration and respect to this channel - now to catch up on all your other videos ...........
Excellent video, thank you for taking time to put this together for us And an extra big thanks to your friends for dressing up as Neanderthals!
I had to reread the length, 3 HOURS?! Thank you for this gem of a video 02.
Great work! Glad to see you too liked Rebecca’s work. Amazing book. I have come back to this video 3X in the past week and just keep re-listening to parts. Hope you get to see some of the caves while in Europe!
Thank you for your intriguing videos. They're both well researched and intelligently presented.
This was incredible! I took a phsyical anthropology class in college almost 20 years and the wealth of information we have now about Neanderthals is staggering compared to then.
Agree. What information we had 20 years ago is totally outdated. We never stop learning.
It’s incredible how far paleo anthropology and archaeology have come since I was in school in the 80s. It’s endlessly fascinating to me.
Thank you for this deep look into our shared genetic relatives. As you pointed out, more research may well lead to alterations in understanding, but that doesn't detract from the fascinating glimpses you've offered here, based on current scientific studies. As an aside, my father had a hobby of collecting native American stone points and tools, found during his many hikes throughout his life. Growing up, I listened to his explanations of what each was likely used for, and which tribes they likely originated from. The skills and techniques reflected in those "primitive stone tools" left me in awe of their creators' ingenuity. Again, thank you for this lengthy, enlightening exploration into our shared genetic relatives.
My introduction to Neanderthals was both The Ascent of Man and the ABC series Korg: 70,000 BC. We know more about them now than we did in the 1970s.
Not only are your videos well-made and absolutely fascinating, you have one of the most soothing voices I have ever heard. I often re-watch (or simply listen) to my favorites when I want to relax and calm my intensely hyperactive tendencies. :)
Well said! I watch (mostly listen to) North 02's great videos while I write code for my job. You are right - his voice is so soothing, and his tone perfectly matches this content, which is very detailed, occassionally technical, but never boring. I thought I was the only one who appreciated his voice. Your comment made me laugh! Thanks!
Such accurate research from many different sources and disciplines. And even excellent grammar, sentence structure and pronunciation. A masterpiece.
Thank you haha I never thought I would get compliments about my grammar. I guess I have become a better writer since my last English class years ago
Just wow, this was the best and most up to date media I've learned about Neanderthals so far.
I hope that 10 years from now we know much more..
This was phenomenal. I could watch hours and hours more on this topic. Great work.
Wow, definitely worth the wait! Aside from the numerous adds, TH-cam no doubt, this was a great and informative watch. My congratulations for this well researched documentary. It was great to watch. Thanks for all the work it would have taken to achieve this. Much love from Australia 🇦🇺 .
Great way to deliver information and a good company for a long drive.
I enjoyed watching this documentary. My DNA shows that I have almost 2% neanderthal genes. The highest in my family whose ancestors were mostly British and Irish and German. I think I got those genes from my Mom. She had green eyes and coal black hair and short, muscular stature and a clump of hair growing on her mid-lower back( called a mares tail). She went through hell with my abusive Dad but survived to 91 years of age! Although I didn't inherit her hair and eye coloring I have her short, stout, muscular stature and I'm 85 years old!
Interesting. Thanks.
wow 2% sounds a lot
You mother sounds very attractive. That hairy back really got me hot.
😂
Your mom sounds like such a good person, may we all honor her as much as we honor her ancient ancestor!
P.S. and fuck your dad
This is just fantastic. I keep coming back to this video. Your neanderthal videos got me obsessed with the species. I love these people, its tragic that none of us will ever meet any other kind of human in our lifetime.
best thing to listen before going to sleep. Took me 3 nights to go over this. Insane work. You deserve more views.
Thank you! You make very educational and extremely well produced videos. So interesting. Really like the longer ones.
Wow! It took me a couple of days to get through this video but it was well worth it. I really liked the last 15 minutes. Fantastic research and really interesting. I've known for some time that my inflammation condition was attributed to the HLA-B27 gene which was a result of a long lost encounter between a Neanderthal and Human. This video really helped create some context around our lost cousins and their amazing lives. Well done.
Even the voice of the narrator was......well......downright SOOTHING!! It's like my ears have melted onto the topics!!!
Fascinating account! Listened to the 200 minutes in 4 stages, but it was hard to tear myself away in every case :) I noticed that you have recently added a new video about the early humans and I look forward to dive into it. Thanks for your fabulous productions!
Yes! Can't wait to get home and watch this. Thanks for all the awesome content, North 02!
Man ive listened to this so many times while high, brilliant
Amazing work! I am an engineer who normally finds this topic dry, but I watched the entire episode. So impressed!
Great video North 02! The more I learn about Neanderthal's the more I question some of the prevailing theories of human evolution. Neanderthals seem like fully evolved modern humans... Keep the content coming!
Exceptional work, my fellow viewers have said it all. Thank you - a life time of interest (9 till now 69) in Neanderthal People culminating for now in this video you have given us. Loved the presentation with a little help from your friends. Beautifully done.
I see people are bringing race into this so an observation by me- actual ww2 footage of a small French resistance group talking- 2 members to my 12 yo mind did have distinctly what was later known as a part of Neanderthal physiology the distinctive brow ridge not as prominent as our cousins but there. Proud of my 1-2 percent and to the proud fighters at that time who manifested in their face a long ago trait of a different human. Was that a possibility?
Wonderful! Thought-provoking. Thank you so much for such a well presentated and researched production.❤
16:04 "We Neanderthals are natural sprinters! Very dangerous across short distances!" - Gimlug the Neanderthal
I know people who dont believe in neanderthals, and its damn sad. This film is amazing, you did beautiful work and i cant imagine the amount of work that went into this.
This was a tremendous amount of work. I thoroughly enjoyed it. Well done mate.
Thank you so much for such a thorough, well researched, well explained, and thoughtful documentary. I really enjoy all your content and getting such a long video on Neanderthals is such a treat!
I lived in a Philippine village for a time, and they had two kinds of rafts made of bamboo. One was like a ferry that brought school kids over to where the jeep could get them and take them to school, as well as people, bringing animals and crops to market. It was made of a thick walled bamboo. The second kind was made of a thinner walled bamboo that is commonly used as torches in the United States called Bohol. It was harvested in the mountains and brought down river to the main highway that ran along the coast and down to Manila. The second kind of raft had a rectangular back end, bound together by short slats, with three layers of bamboo of about the same diameter all lashed together in a strong rectangular configuration. The front end was all bound together in one circular bundle so that it acted like a prow of a boat. There is a Newsweek article about a reenactment of a bamboo raft, bringing people from Indonesia to Australia, who were to leave on February 6, 2020 by a group called the First Mariners. I have not found the results of their trip, but bamboo basically cannot sink, and would have been a perfectly good method to bring Homo luzonensis to Luzon where I lived.
Ooh! Three hours-plus of Neanderthals! North 02, you've made my evening! Thank you so much for uploading!
This was an amazing documentary North 02! Honestly, I think it is the best and most up to date one I've seen. Thank you for making and sharing this great educational video!! Great job!
This sparked an indescribable interest in me toward archaic humans. I can't believe how many misconceptions I had about our cousin species. We were all beautiful and extraordinary in our own ways. Thank you for the exhaustive detail you put into this video.
I loved this video, it was incredibly well put together and interesting! I will be rewatching it, probably several times. Thank you for all the work you did in putting this together.
Yes please!
These long projects are no joke, all respect to you sir!
How fun, I just realized two of my favorite content creators are connected! You both give the BBC and PBS documentaries a run for their money. Much respect and thanks for making such amazing projects accessible.
Awesome vid bud!!! I learned a bunch!! I appreciate all your hard work. :)
Something of a masterpiece, it seemed daunting as a viewer but to your credit it's eminently watchable and enjoyable. Thanks
This is inarguably the greatest documentary I have ever watched. Thank you for the incredible detail and depth given to study here.
Yet it opens;
5 seconds in and there's a prominent error! Neanderthals are not our closest relatives, extinct or extant. They are not ancestral to us, a point alone that demonstrates that. Our closest relatives and happen to be extinct, will of course be our immediate ancestor. Stating what that is with confidence isn't possible given the lack of definitive evidence. But a prominent candidate is Homo heidelbergensis.
I woke up this was playing with maybe 15-20 min left. This is just a light critic of what I seen. Don''t know where it sits in educational but would like to see this type of material perhaps given at a early-mid high school level and of course as information to anyone interested about Neanderthals and where we all fit together. Nice clean simple to comprehend. Thank you for your work.
An absolutely spectacularly well done video. One of the best I've seen on the subject. Thank you.
I got goosebumps when I saw the length of the video. Thank you for this!
Finally finished the video. Fantastic. Your efforts are much appreciated!
I’m only half-way through the video, but it is wonderful, full of evidence and up-to-date research, and told beautifully!
I'm just starting. I feel like an investment lies ahead.