Pac-Man Kill Screen Explained

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 2 พ.ย. 2017
  • You may have heard about Pac-Man's game-ending kill screen, but have you ever wondered what actually causes it? It's all explained right here.
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ความคิดเห็น • 1.5K

  • @wariolandgoldpiramid
    @wariolandgoldpiramid 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3210

    Wow. You're the first person to actually explain HOW it happens.
    Everybody else just said "256 wraps around to 0", and that's it

    • @groszak1
      @groszak1 6 ปีที่แล้ว +198

      I agree. The 255+1=0 thing alone doesn't explain the messed up stuff on the right side, but this video does.

    • @yarde.n
      @yarde.n 5 ปีที่แล้ว +93

      It isn't so simple to understand that it relates to the level counter.

    • @cubah1
      @cubah1 5 ปีที่แล้ว +37

      It's Y2K literally. Wraps to zero and everything goes haywire

    • @neilisbored2177
      @neilisbored2177 5 ปีที่แล้ว +15

      @@cubah1 Except it happened

    • @3lH4ck3rC0mf0r7
      @3lH4ck3rC0mf0r7 5 ปีที่แล้ว +86

      @@neilisbored2177 Y2K did happen. But every programmer and company saw it coming from miles away and braced themselves to handle it gracefully.

  • @Ersanio
    @Ersanio 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2198

    Coincidence or not, saying 256 at 2:56 is pretty amazing

    • @azetac_
      @azetac_ 4 ปีที่แล้ว +41

      Devon Hayden He does not, unfortunately.

    • @kinghotcoc0
      @kinghotcoc0 4 ปีที่แล้ว +23

      It seems like he said hundred fifty six, but ehh he says 256 so you're right

    • @icenesiswayons9962
      @icenesiswayons9962 4 ปีที่แล้ว +37

      @Ersanio That was a coincidence, like back in the day, we'd watch TV with the volume off and the stereo wide open and hear things that matched the TV screen. Sometimes it made more sense! Lol.:-)

    • @mackback319
      @mackback319 4 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      @@icenesiswayons9962 you sound like a boomer

    • @favoritemustard3542
      @favoritemustard3542 4 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      @@mackback319... you sound like a sooner

  • @philrod1
    @philrod1 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2270

    For anyone left wondering why the tiles are drawn in such a weird order, I'll have a go at explaining. I think it's a really clever solution, but some might find it boring, so...
    As Pac-Man is an 8-bit machine, it is only capable of counting up to 255, but the display resolution is 224×288. In order to get pixels beyond 255 for the height, some are taken from the sides and put at the top and bottom of the screen. In practice this means that the tile map in memory is 32×32 tiles, where each tile is 8×8 pixels, but the tile map is displayed as 28×36 on the screen. The maze is still 32×32 tiles, but columns 0 and 1, and 30 and 31 are not visible. This is the reason the characters disappear when the go through the tunnels.
    The reason the main part of the screen is drawn top to bottom and right to left is that the whole screen is rotated 90 degrees to be in portrait aspect ratio. The cabinets just used standard 4:3 CRT screens turned on their sides.

    • @RGMechEx
      @RGMechEx  6 ปีที่แล้ว +463

      That is actually really interesting!

    • @lolyouyouutoo967
      @lolyouyouutoo967 6 ปีที่แล้ว +61

      You deserve a like, my friend.

    • @Burn_Angel
      @Burn_Angel 6 ปีที่แล้ว +91

      Huh, and I thought the game writes the graphics from top to bottom and from right to left because it's japanese.

    • @stevanthewise7240
      @stevanthewise7240 6 ปีที่แล้ว +19

      That actually makes sense!

    • @smh4771
      @smh4771 5 ปีที่แล้ว +17

      Then, what is with the classics made in 2016? Bandi Namco created just "PAC-MAN" for the mobile version allowing a classic mode, through all the advancements for 38 years caused better and advanced stuff, having an advantage of removing a problem of a kill screen caused long before at 1980. So really, it can be hard to do in the mobile version, so right now, the kill screen is possible to fix.
      Saying goodbye to the level 256 38 years ago.

  • @LexEllis
    @LexEllis 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2783

    Interesting fact: Namco Classics for the Nintendo DS has an option in the settings to fix the 256 level bug, allowing the game to continue :)

    • @AtKiba
      @AtKiba 6 ปีที่แล้ว +197

      An option?? You would expect them to just fix it without asking.

    • @LexEllis
      @LexEllis 6 ปีที่แล้ว +726

      They did fix it without asking, but it is in the options menu of the game you can fix the level 256 glitch or leave it as is if you want to witness the glitch for yourself.

    • @BillehBobJoe
      @BillehBobJoe 6 ปีที่แล้ว +169

      AtKiba Canal i don't remember when the last time you played pac man but surely you remember level 256 is no easy feat

    • @zingodoom
      @zingodoom 6 ปีที่แล้ว +19

      If they do something of their own volition like that, then why would they?

    • @LasagaMan
      @LasagaMan 6 ปีที่แล้ว +78

      actually they did but only skilled pac-man players can get to level 256 with the fix on.

  • @nin10doadict
    @nin10doadict 6 ปีที่แล้ว +929

    Oh, the havoc a simple integer overflow can cause. It never stops being entertaining.

    • @fukkthisnewupdate8882
      @fukkthisnewupdate8882 6 ปีที่แล้ว +15

      nin10doadict you might want to check out stryder7x for more glitches. He only does Paper Mario though, so you might not be interested.

    • @DaniPaunov
      @DaniPaunov 6 ปีที่แล้ว +14

      and an integer underflow in that game can cause a softlock in every room with enemies

    • @tattersthebat6253
      @tattersthebat6253 6 ปีที่แล้ว +26

      In other words, playing Pac-Man crashes Paper Mario.

    • @nin10doadict
      @nin10doadict 6 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Actually I've been subbed to stryder7x for quite a while now. :D

    • @user-ft4pb5vb3e
      @user-ft4pb5vb3e 6 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Link8304 - Gaming in Hyrule
      Is this a meme?

  • @tarquinnff3
    @tarquinnff3 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1458

    3:50 That falling 1 is so sad. :(

    • @UberMun
      @UberMun 6 ปีที่แล้ว +221

      don't worry, the carry flag will catch him

    • @superstarstudio8994
      @superstarstudio8994 6 ปีที่แล้ว +48

      *R.I.P 1*

    • @IammeoramI
      @IammeoramI 6 ปีที่แล้ว +28

      F

    • @gabrielandy9272
      @gabrielandy9272 6 ปีที่แล้ว +35

      the love on the animations are so cute :O

    • @pete91
      @pete91 6 ปีที่แล้ว +22

      This is so sad
      Can we hit 2 likes

  • @afloyd4976
    @afloyd4976 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1450

    The reason this bug exists at all is due to the programmer not thinking anyone would ever max out the machine and reaching the 256th level. And because of that, he never tested his 8-bit code for that contingency. At least now people can burn a fixed eprom for this problem if they so choose.

    • @Asterra2
      @Asterra2 6 ปีที่แล้ว +131

      There's a fix for Ms. Pac-Man's (rather more involved) kill screen as well. Gotta be impressed when people find a way to shove a bugfix into the tiny bit of rom used by a 35 year old game.

    • @keiyakins
      @keiyakins 6 ปีที่แล้ว +29

      In this case wouldn't it just be a reordering? At the start of the level, draw the fruits, then the maze. Then leave them (as I assume the maze is being done already for the dots' sake) until the next new level.

    • @Thefuryspeed100
      @Thefuryspeed100 6 ปีที่แล้ว +96

      Probably somebody did realized this back then, but the team said "Nahh, they wont get past level 255" and so it wasn't worth fixing it

    • @NintendoSunnyDee
      @NintendoSunnyDee 6 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      Asterra2 Is there a video explaining Ms Pac Man's?

    • @ghost_ship_supreme
      @ghost_ship_supreme 6 ปีที่แล้ว +74

      It was originally designed for arcade cabinets right? They probably thought no one would ever stand there for ~3 hours doing it, not getting bored, and not loosing once...

  • @hitwalkhook3831
    @hitwalkhook3831 4 ปีที่แล้ว +233

    though, imagine being the first guy to reach 256
    "Hey, what happened to my game???"

    • @marcohueber5130
      @marcohueber5130 4 ปีที่แล้ว +14

      It would be scary

    • @lillithemew3587
      @lillithemew3587 4 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      I'd be to scared to play the level

    • @arfansthename
      @arfansthename 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Bill Bastable would've felt relieved.

    • @Randompersononline
      @Randompersononline 3 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      @HitWalkHook I think that the first person to get there actually sent a picture of it to the devs.

    • @daveyfromdownsouth7889
      @daveyfromdownsouth7889 3 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      That would be Billy Mitchel. First man ever to beat Pac-Man and get a perfect score

  • @Kosmicd12
    @Kosmicd12 3 ปีที่แล้ว +98

    Fascinating. Extremely well done video!

  • @DenkyManner
    @DenkyManner 5 ปีที่แล้ว +208

    "now let's get into the more technical stuff"
    But I haven't understood anything said so far.

    • @imissjokesonpurpose
      @imissjokesonpurpose 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Lol

    • @peterp2153
      @peterp2153 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Heh heh. Know what you mean. That said, just using my brain for a general understanding of the matter, it essentially has to to do with the limitations of the coding based on the data available to write coding that basically equates to “if x then y”. 255 being the maximum number, once you hit 256, those “if x then y” formulas start to make no sense.
      Or another way to look at it, the algorithmic coding of the day allowed for 255 levels of fun gameplay, which was more than enough for 99.99999% of the arcade visiting public. Which was more than enough to compensate for the fuckery that starts when you roll over to Level 256 (aka Level 0).

    • @arfansthename
      @arfansthename 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      I have.

    • @thepianokid9378
      @thepianokid9378 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      DenkyMan then does that mean that you did not understand “seven”?

    • @fierymoth4330
      @fierymoth4330 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Frr

  • @Benc._.c
    @Benc._.c 6 ปีที่แล้ว +257

    There is an endless version of Pac-Man Called ‘Pac-Man 256’. It’s an app where you are in an endless Pac-Man with a scrolling screen being chased by glitches. I always wonder why the number 256.
    It all makes sense now...

    • @lisacamarillo8744
      @lisacamarillo8744 5 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      its basically crossy road

    • @thisissaah_3536
      @thisissaah_3536 5 ปีที่แล้ว +17

      @@lisacamarillo8744 but PACMAN. 256 pacman. Even the teaser says it's inspired by the 256th level. Unless you knew that.

    • @Flarefin
      @Flarefin 4 ปีที่แล้ว +15

      @@lisacamarillo8744 So basically Frogger

    • @lokyinng5155
      @lokyinng5155 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      if pac man 256 level kill screen land move dot are lower

    • @sigmythesign3509
      @sigmythesign3509 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@thisissaah_3536 *Pac-Man

  • @torin1006
    @torin1006 4 ปีที่แล้ว +130

    This is actually a lot easier to understand than I had expected.

    • @imissjokesonpurpose
      @imissjokesonpurpose 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Liar

    • @torin1006
      @torin1006 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@imissjokesonpurpose no u

    • @imissjokesonpurpose
      @imissjokesonpurpose 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@torin1006 uno reverse card

    • @torin1006
      @torin1006 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@imissjokesonpurpose You've activated my trap card! Your reverse card got sent to the shadow realm.

    • @mateuszszulecki5206
      @mateuszszulecki5206 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@torin1006 *ye well ur mom got sent to the shadow realm becuz of me*

  • @joeclifford2896
    @joeclifford2896 6 ปีที่แล้ว +819

    I love how people think glitches as something that’s wrong with the game, but that far from the truth. The game continues to try and do its job even when one thing is out of place, making an almost always entertaining mess. Great video as always mate, look forward to the next one.

    • @ShaunDreclin
      @ShaunDreclin 6 ปีที่แล้ว +195

      Yep this is a good example of computers doing *exactly* what they're told to do, even if it doesn't make any sense

    • @renakunisaki
      @renakunisaki 6 ปีที่แล้ว +119

      1980s error handling: "what error?"

    • @vuurniacsquarewave5091
      @vuurniacsquarewave5091 6 ปีที่แล้ว +52

      Yep, it's perfectly possible to add a special exception to prevent the level counter byte from ever being 255, but it's not worth wasting those extra bytes when your ROM space is limited.

    • @joeclifford2896
      @joeclifford2896 6 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      VuurniacSquarewave well in the later Pac-Man machines, they introduced a bored which if someone did get to level 255+ an integer overflow would occur. Just like donkey kong, nibbler and countless other games.

    • @XaneMyers
      @XaneMyers 6 ปีที่แล้ว +32

      If only computers nowadays handled errors and giltches like this instead of protecting memory and throwing an error message up then quitting.

  • @FairPlay137
    @FairPlay137 6 ปีที่แล้ว +175

    Dig-Dug has a kill screen which also happens at Level 256! The level layouts vary in Dig-Dug, however, so "Level 0" loads garbage level data, placing an enemy right on top of the player.

    • @IbiActive
      @IbiActive 6 ปีที่แล้ว +15

      Same happens with mario vs donkey kong arcade lvl 22

    • @locutus442
      @locutus442 6 ปีที่แล้ว +17

      There's also a kill screen in Galaga, but it's effects can vary depending on the difficulty setting (some machines will load a normal level, while in others the game will crash).

    • @SpearM3064
      @SpearM3064 6 ปีที่แล้ว +49

      +Another Anime lover Unlike Dig-Dug or Pac-Man, however, Donkey Kong does not have a glitched screen at level 22. Rather, it has a glitched timer that doesn't even give you enough time to get past the 2nd girder.
      It's another integer overflow. The timer is calculated by taking the level number times 10, plus 40. There is a check at the end of the code to prevent the timer from exceeding 80. If the level number is stored in B, and the timer is in A, then this would be the equivalent code in BASIC (I'm translating to BASIC for anyone reading this who isn't familiar with Z80 programming)
      A=B : REM Set the Accumulator to the level number
      A=A*2 : REM The Accumulator is now twice the level number
      A=A*2 : REM ... and now it's four times the level number
      A=A*2 : REM ... eight times the level number
      A=A+B : REM ... nine times the level number
      A=A+B : REM ... ten times the level number
      A=A+40 : REM and now A=B*10+40 as intended
      IF A>80 THEN A=80
      Note that the *only* error checking is done *after* the math. The problem is that A is an 8-bit number, so it can only hold a value between 0 and 255. So what happens when you hit level 22? (22*10)+40=260, so A wraps around to (260-256)=4. Since 4 is less than 80, the error checking doesn't catch the problem, and you start level 22 with a timer of 400.
      The unusual thing here is that the game checks the level to make sure that if you ever get past level 100, it forces it back down to level 99. So they *did* anticipate that players could make it to level 100, but somehow they overlooked the timer bug, and you can't get past level 22 without patching the ROM.
      What was *supposed* to happen is that if you are on level 4 or higher, the timer will always start at 8000 (which is the reason for the IF A>80 THEN A=80 at the end). The patch is simple and fits in the existing space. You just add an error check before the math, and remove the IF statement at the end.
      A=B
      IF A>=4 THEN A=4
      (everything else is the same, but remove the IF A>80 at the end)

    • @windsofmarchjourneyperrytr2823
      @windsofmarchjourneyperrytr2823 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@SpearM3064 not sure if you're really smart, or just a huge geek, lol

    • @servantofaeie1569
      @servantofaeie1569 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      FairPlay137 minecraft limits at 256 too

  • @333Rich33
    @333Rich33 6 ปีที่แล้ว +197

    A great explanation of the Pac-Man Kill screen! I never knew what was going on, but now it makes a whole load of sense! Thanks for making another great video!

  • @sabikikasuko6636
    @sabikikasuko6636 3 ปีที่แล้ว +22

    Probably one of the scariest, most influential computational bugs of all time. Today this kind of glitches are treated as "The system doesn't know what to do so it just throws in random shit and colors", but this is so painfully logical that I don't even know how to feel, it makes too much sense and I literally can't think what would've happened if it were any other way. Fascinating.

  • @DJCosmicLatte
    @DJCosmicLatte 4 ปีที่แล้ว +123

    Can I just say, aside from being really interesting and well-articulated, your videos are *very* aesthetically pleasing. The way everything is laid out and animated is just on point. You need to be in web/app design or gaming or something lol

  • @tmcttf8087
    @tmcttf8087 4 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    0:07 Ah, the *256 Glitch.* I love how both Bandai Namco and Hipster Whale teamed up to make *"Pac-Man 256",* a game that's literally based on the 256 Glitch. It's incredible.....

    • @hotpockethumorDL
      @hotpockethumorDL 25 วันที่ผ่านมา

      if only Nintendo did the same...

  • @Zeiru
    @Zeiru 6 ปีที่แล้ว +290

    Okay, I have a theory I'd like you to try out if you can... These pellets return on a respawn, yes? Simple, can we hack in Infinite Lives and continue to eat those respawning pellets to reach the 244 pellet counter, and then see what happens?

    • @RGMechEx
      @RGMechEx  6 ปีที่แล้ว +312

      I did this while recording the gameplay footage--you go back to level 1 (just a cherry), but the enemy difficulty still behaves as if you were on level 257 (fast ghosts and they don't turn blue when you eat a power pellet).

    • @Zeiru
      @Zeiru 6 ปีที่แล้ว +82

      Thank you! That's kind of what I suspected would happen (since the only variable causing an issue here is the level icon) but it's wonderful to have it confirmed. I wonder if a ROM hack could be made that adjusted for this, or if one already exists...

    • @XaneMyers
      @XaneMyers 6 ปีที่แล้ว +50

      Interesting, but why do the ghosts stay at faster speeds? I assume a second variable has to be responsible for that if it isn't the level number variable.

    • @7thDylan
      @7thDylan 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Chris Waegelein

    • @Cube8
      @Cube8 6 ปีที่แล้ว +13

      What? The ghost speed variable is 16-bit???

  • @JBall7
    @JBall7 6 ปีที่แล้ว +25

    Excellent video. Like that you put in the work to reverse engineer the exact output of level 256 instead of just leaving it at "register overflow"

  • @onedeadsaint
    @onedeadsaint 6 ปีที่แล้ว +294

    this was perfectly executed! flawless video!

    • @Kapin05
      @Kapin05 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Ironic, as it's a video about the game being imperfectly executed

  • @emanueleborghini3186
    @emanueleborghini3186 6 ปีที่แล้ว +133

    This is so well made and explained, keep it up!

  • @DontTurnAround
    @DontTurnAround 6 ปีที่แล้ว +80

    Loved this!

  • @SuperViperT302
    @SuperViperT302 6 ปีที่แล้ว +65

    I've known the specifics of this glitch for years now, but never seen a video on the specifics. Really nice to see one, finally. Hoping to see some for games like Galaga and Dig Dug in the future. :)

    • @Qtheman3456
      @Qtheman3456 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Galaga and Dig Dug? You wouldn't happen to have read Don Hodges' old website posts about this stuff, would you?

    • @SuperViperT302
      @SuperViperT302 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Yep.

  • @danielstephenson7558
    @danielstephenson7558 3 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    That animation running through the code and drawing the glitch is one of my favourite things to watch on this channel.

  • @Kersplat
    @Kersplat 6 ปีที่แล้ว +217

    Awesome technical breakdown of what happens. The "glitch" is actually very ordered, and your explanation makes a lot of sense. What software are you you using to create your animations within the video? Very nicely done!

    • @timothymclean
      @timothymclean 6 ปีที่แล้ว +44

      Everything computers do is ordered. It's just that some happen to ruin the intended function.
      (Technically, everything everything does is ordered, thanks to the laws of physics.)

    • @ender_scythe2879
      @ender_scythe2879 6 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      It's still a glitch, an unintended consequence of an oversight is still unintended.

    • @Pablo-V
      @Pablo-V 6 ปีที่แล้ว +8

      I think that by order the OP meant “in order”, not “giving an order”

    • @RGMechEx
      @RGMechEx  6 ปีที่แล้ว +69

      I use After Effects for pretty much all of the animations.

    • @anthonylosego
      @anthonylosego 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Retro Game Mechanics Explained you sound familiar...

  • @Dhalin
    @Dhalin 6 ปีที่แล้ว +65

    One thing I would love if you did, was deconstruct the "Hidden World" in The Guardian Legend. Though, such a project would be freaking huge I suspect. It's a NES game that uses a map coordinate system, and if you use the password system to spawn yourself outside of the intended map, the game starts creating rooms using random data in the ROM and you get lots of glitchy messes (a lot of which will crash the game). It would be interesting to see what is going on in the game's RAM, and such.
    But I suspect that would be a huge project to analyze all that data...

    • @RoddyDev
      @RoddyDev 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      I'd love to see that.

  • @timothymclean
    @timothymclean 6 ปีที่แล้ว +45

    This doesn't relate to anything important in the video, but "Dave Race" is a great name for a speedrunner.

    • @rickelmonoggin
      @rickelmonoggin 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      I wonder what his fans are called?

  • @Ze_eT
    @Ze_eT 6 ปีที่แล้ว +53

    Finally someone that doesn't uses the excuse "There was not enough space left left for the other half"

  • @ct88910
    @ct88910 6 ปีที่แล้ว +15

    That transition at 10:46 is GOD-TIER HOLY MOLY

  • @simonrodgers8902
    @simonrodgers8902 4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    I heard a large prize was offered for anyone who could complete level 256 the way it was but it was never claimed.

  • @NothingBurgerTwo
    @NothingBurgerTwo 5 ปีที่แล้ว +23

    And that, my friends, is why you use zero indexing.

    • @fredhenry101
      @fredhenry101 5 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      And bounds checking

  • @lutyanoalves444
    @lutyanoalves444 6 ปีที่แล้ว +84

    9:32
    So much hard work OMG

    • @b3kstudio
      @b3kstudio 6 ปีที่แล้ว +19

      Hopefully he used a script... Hopefully

    • @XaneMyers
      @XaneMyers 6 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      I think I recall reading he uses scripts in After Effects to show technical things within the videos.

    • @hopechr
      @hopechr 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      9:44 draws a pac-ler

  • @icenesiswayons9962
    @icenesiswayons9962 5 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    Beautifully explained! Even in the 1980's I figured that it was something like this happening. I was just starting to learn computer programming and figured is was like a stack overflow, but that didn't make much since either because in a stack loss, there is data loss which usually means a fatal error then crash, but here it does a type of flip flop but using current running data to overlay old data the not used anymore as it was just needed once to load and draw the game screen values for initial game play. Great work!

  • @thomaskaldahl196
    @thomaskaldahl196 6 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    i really appreciate the technical accuracy but also the smooth animation

  • @GenXGrownUp
    @GenXGrownUp 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    What a spectacular video! Full of engineering data, retro game data, nostalgia, and some of the best and most descriptive infographics I've ever seen on TH-cam! Absolutely to notch -- thanks for your efforts! 💯

  • @carealoo744
    @carealoo744 5 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    0:40 That's what the fruits meant? I was always so confused! I was thinking maybe they were fruits that I gathered, but they clearly weren't!

  • @PETRIXXXX
    @PETRIXXXX 6 ปีที่แล้ว +14

    i thought the galaxians were lemon flavored ice cream sundaes

    • @somerandomguy6268
      @somerandomguy6268 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Me & my dad call them sundaes, and we thought the bell was a gold nugget lol

  • @miksterias
    @miksterias 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I love how well you explained this. I’m very unfamiliar with how memory addresses and all that kind of stuff work, and you made it all easy to understand. Love this

  • @bubbles8871
    @bubbles8871 4 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    "Now let's take a look at the more technical stuff."
    Me: Ok, I wanna see if I can understand this part.
    *big numbers and strange images*
    Me: *I FAILED MATHS FOR A REASON*

  • @Justin-Hill-1987
    @Justin-Hill-1987 5 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    "I got all the patterns down...up until the 9th key." -- Buckner & Garcia, Pac-Man Fever

    • @raygordonteacheschess5501
      @raygordonteacheschess5501 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      My 9th-key pattern had me go through the PacMen to impress chicks.

    • @LyfaLeeZhure_DavidShawn
      @LyfaLeeZhure_DavidShawn 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      13th key, Pac slows way down to "start level speed", while the ghosts are all faster than Pac (not just Blinky). Tough. I think the furthest I've ever made it is 15th key...apparently I'll never see the "kill screen".

  • @Acoha7
    @Acoha7 6 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Your channel is extremely well detailed and polished. Nobody else comes even close!

    • @SONICBUMGAMES
      @SONICBUMGAMES 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Acoha This is guy is fantastic! Have you ever heard of RetroAhoy? His videos are great too c:

  • @davesworld7688
    @davesworld7688 6 ปีที่แล้ว +18

    Impressive video, you definitely did your homework on the subject and presented the info perfectly.
    A++

  • @danielevans7439
    @danielevans7439 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    A perfect and complete description yet again. I’m glad to see you making videos again.

  • @ruadeil_zabelin
    @ruadeil_zabelin 6 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    I love your explanations. There's always that "aha" moment where it makes complete sense. Awesome!

  • @elveninsanity2602
    @elveninsanity2602 6 ปีที่แล้ว +28

    Man, old school game glitches are cool like that. I kinda wish more modern games would try to replicate systems like that prone to actual fun glitches if everything's not coded or managed correctly.

    • @moth.monster
      @moth.monster 6 ปีที่แล้ว +16

      Actually, it's very easy to do this: just don't add a crash handler. Problem is, then you can have bad shit happen on modern PCs and stuff.

    • @thetoontastictoon1720
      @thetoontastictoon1720 6 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      tbh I wouldn't like that very much, I always found kill screens startling, I don't like seeing games suddenly spazz out in weird and unexpected ways, it hurts my eyes and gives me the fright of my life

    • @theobserver4214
      @theobserver4214 6 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Elven Insanity The modern equivalent are engine bugs/flaws. Want a modern example? In Call of Duty 4:Modern Warfare, if your computer runs the game fast enough (Either 125, 250, or 333 frames per second), the game calculates physics wrong, letting you jump higher, reload, and move faster. Another is a more classic example. In Quake 1, running and jumping on slopes surfaces influence your momentum, meaning that high enough ramps you can run up and jump from will send you very high

    • @arielsproul8811
      @arielsproul8811 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      a lot of source games like portal or half life have backwards jump speed glitches, similar to the BJLs in super Mario 64

    • @3lH4ck3rC0mf0r7
      @3lH4ck3rC0mf0r7 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Another framerate-related problem: If you hack Super Mario Sunshine to run at 120FPS, you can't enter level portals!
      There's also the all-too-common state machine glitches and animation engine and physics errors in modern games.
      And SM64's parallel universes

  • @wanderingmechanics5403
    @wanderingmechanics5403 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much for these videos! I've been coding a retro-style video game for years now as a hobby, and understanding some of the mechanics behind these games helps a LOT with inspiration and development. Thanks again!

  • @somefreshbread
    @somefreshbread 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is my favorite video of yours so far. Excellently detailed explanation - thank you!

  • @Mezgrman
    @Mezgrman 6 ปีที่แล้ว +41

    Saw this video, thought "oh I know what causes that."
    Well I was wrong. Great video, as always! :)

    • @MarioFan587YT
      @MarioFan587YT 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Mezgrman
      Aw, you should have told us what you thought. I'm interested.

    • @urchin62
      @urchin62 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Glad u like it, I did

    • @SSM24_
      @SSM24_ 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Yeah that was exactly my thought. "It's because reaching level 256 rolls over the counter and screws things up, right?"
      Yes, that is in fact what happens, but it doesn't tell anywhere close to the full story.

    • @user-ru4kb2ri1b
      @user-ru4kb2ri1b 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      WHAT WHERE YOU THINKING A YEAR LATER!?!???

  • @ExEBoss
    @ExEBoss 6 ปีที่แล้ว +15

    They should have just treated the level number as zero based instead of one based and then integer overflow would just take you back to level one instead of level zero.

    • @groszak1
      @groszak1 6 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      With adding 1:
      actual 0 -> shown 1
      actual 1 -> shown 2
      ...
      actual 254 -> shown 255
      actual 255 -> shown 0
      Without adding 1:
      actual 0
      actual 1
      ...
      actual 254
      actual 255
      actual 0 (back where we started)
      ...
      They chose the former one, because they didn't think about overflow and they wanted to start with 1.

  • @andrewtableau7390
    @andrewtableau7390 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great video. I always know I can expect quality information and entertainment when I see RGME in my feed.

  • @GuineaPigDan
    @GuineaPigDan 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I remember reading a website by Don Hodges years ago explaining many arcade kill screens in Pac Man and Donkey Kong, and how to patch them. Nice to see a video explain Pac Man's kill screen with visual aids easy to understand.

  • @gurnoordhaliwal3389
    @gurnoordhaliwal3389 5 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    This is kinda creepy. Imagine if this was real life and half of the world was just a glitchy mess.

    • @diacosiapentacontahex
      @diacosiapentacontahex 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      This is why we die faster at larger age numbers, the world is trying to stop us from getting to age 256 and glitch out half the universe

    • @Gen_alpha_is_cringe_af
      @Gen_alpha_is_cringe_af 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      R.I.P Japan, Created Nintendo And Was 256 Years Old

  • @greenknight9000
    @greenknight9000 6 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    The way this is also animated, it makes it SO much more awesome!
    What about Ms.Pac-Man and the upside-down maze?

  • @MrKenJammin
    @MrKenJammin 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Your videos are amazingly well produced and explained. They must take ages to edit. Fantastic work. Also btw there’s something about your voice that i find extremely soothing.

  • @RealDreadmania
    @RealDreadmania 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    That first win was the most close death I've ever seen.

  • @vaendryl
    @vaendryl 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    awesome explanation as always!

  • @ChantingInTheDark
    @ChantingInTheDark 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    5:41 - "Now let's get into the more technical stuff" - Yes, because all that stuff before was so easy! :D

  • @jtveg
    @jtveg 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I just love your detailed in-depth explanations.
    Thanks so much for sharing. 😎👌🏼

  • @JustWasted3HoursHere
    @JustWasted3HoursHere 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    As usual, extremely well put together and easy to follow (even though the subject matter can be complicated). Nicely done!
    How about a "behind the scenes" video on how you put these together?

  • @koalbent
    @koalbent 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    "we have to take a look at th- *ad plays* "

  • @DTmg_
    @DTmg_ 3 ปีที่แล้ว +26

    "There are pellets that respawn after you die" People with infinite lives cheat:
    *interesting...*

    • @NoriMori1992
      @NoriMori1992 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      If you do that, I wonder what happens when you reach level 257…

    • @mouykaing7456
      @mouykaing7456 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@NoriMori1992 You probably go back to level 1

    • @gordontaylor2815
      @gordontaylor2815 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@NoriMori1992 You just go back to Level 1, but the game is still at its maximum difficulty. (You don't even need to cheat to prove this - use the "rack advance" feature either in MAME or an actual arcade machine to see it.)

  • @bandysc
    @bandysc 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks God I've found your videos, they are amazing and those all animations are so cool that I am still impressed by them! Hats off!

  • @Fightre_Flighte
    @Fightre_Flighte 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    This was very educational, and the first of your videos I found.
    Time to check out more.

  • @plantelo
    @plantelo 6 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Does the stage only render once? The pellets are obviously restored, but the walls never change, so...
    Would it "fix" the glitch if drawing the new pellets on-screen only happened after the level counter has been drawn? Sure, the stage walls would become corrupted, but hey, it's better than nothing!

  • @Deniii4000
    @Deniii4000 6 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    I'm never this early to your vids so I never get a chance to ask you anything.
    What I wanted to ask, is actually a suggestion: take a small break between talking and showing something. If you do both at the same time, people can't focus on both things simultaneously.
    A good example is at 6:09: you are showing the different valid memory positions for the fruit while explaning the consequences of accessing wrong memory addresses.
    Like with a slideshow presentation, if people are focusing on the visuals, they won't pay attention to what you are saying.
    Explain something, stop talking while showing a visual example of the explanation and then continue with the next explanation.
    Anyway, thanks for another nice upload.

    • @RGMechEx
      @RGMechEx  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you, I'll consider it for future videos!

  • @accountname902
    @accountname902 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Dude, I love this explanation. I was really hoping for something more detailed than 'garbage data' or 'glitchy graphics' or something along those lines, and you really delivered.

  • @tealversace
    @tealversace 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thankyou Game Grumps for bringing me here, and thank YOU, RGME for enlightening me and explaining so well. This is kinda rad.

  • @chakalabradores
    @chakalabradores 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Excellent Video.
    And thus, Namco and Hipster Whale made a game called Pac Man 256, and this game was inspired by 256th level kill screen. 👍

  • @zeropointer125
    @zeropointer125 6 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    I've wanted this forever. Can you do something similar with other kill screens?

  • @Elliecesa
    @Elliecesa 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wow, thats incredible! Great work man!

  • @carlesnoguerabarbany3345
    @carlesnoguerabarbany3345 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    That was a great video, fantastic explanation to something I was curious about!

  • @avi8aviate
    @avi8aviate 6 ปีที่แล้ว +119

    Wish I had $4000 or $4400.

    • @newagederpderp
      @newagederpderp 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      'Course you do.

    • @RodBeauvex
      @RodBeauvex 5 ปีที่แล้ว +30

      I wish I had $FFFF

    • @vegetafan9922
      @vegetafan9922 5 ปีที่แล้ว +17

      @@RodBeauvex When you're so broke that you cause an interger overflow in your bank account!

    • @ariescobar1346
      @ariescobar1346 5 ปีที่แล้ว +11

      Wouldn't you being poor cause an integer *under* flow?

    • @thisissaah_3536
      @thisissaah_3536 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@RodBeauvex $6666 is what you meant? F=6

  • @HeatmanMKIII
    @HeatmanMKIII 6 ปีที่แล้ว +25

    This explanation is foolproof

    • @Dargonhuman
      @Dargonhuman 6 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      I am the fool, they have the proof.

    • @RyanFaeScotland
      @RyanFaeScotland 6 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      For now perhaps, but the world is constantly making better fools.

  • @Cycylno
    @Cycylno 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for doing such an in depth explanation !

  • @thingsiplay
    @thingsiplay 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very good presentation. I am even more impressed about your presentation here, than about the topic itself (which is very interesting).

  • @Zaurthur
    @Zaurthur 6 ปีที่แล้ว +130

    I was the 256th like on my screen. So happy lol

  • @keiyakins
    @keiyakins 6 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    You know what's kinda funny? if they'd drawn the level AFTER the level counter, there wouldn't have been a problem: the status line would be corrupted and the level area would have junk on it, but then that junk would be overwritten with the map that's supposed to be there and everyone could go on their merry way going to level '1' next.

    • @thetoontastictoon1720
      @thetoontastictoon1720 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Wow, I just realized you're right. Wow. That's truly amazing right there---

  • @thatgamer7179
    @thatgamer7179 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for the video, it was really cool, entertaining and informative. I *LOVED* it!

  • @CrucialMuzic
    @CrucialMuzic 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wow this was very informative! Thank you so much :)

  • @quinn7894
    @quinn7894 3 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    2:37 Wouldn't that last key be used for the fruit in the middle of the level?

    • @manioqqqq
      @manioqqqq ปีที่แล้ว

      Ahh yes, key fruits

    • @quinn7894
      @quinn7894 ปีที่แล้ว

      Never mind. I found out later that the fruit in the middle of the level is the same as the last fruit of the counter.

  • @benjaminbrady2385
    @benjaminbrady2385 6 ปีที่แล้ว +36

    Luv ya dots!

    • @windsofmarchjourneyperrytr2823
      @windsofmarchjourneyperrytr2823 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      I find it interesting that the simple 8 bit stuff sucked up.WAY WAY more hours than way more advanced games that came later. At least for me...

  • @Darxide23
    @Darxide23 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    I get excited to see another Retro Game Mechanics video and it's something that I 100% understand. >_<
    Keep 'em coming. Love this channel.

  • @howwhatwhy9893
    @howwhatwhy9893 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you, You explained it very clearly, Subscribed!, keep up the good work 😊👍

  • @gabrielkwiecinskiantunes8950
    @gabrielkwiecinskiantunes8950 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This channel fucking rules.

  • @randumvidz8731
    @randumvidz8731 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    1:14 if u blur your vision it looks like pizza

  • @rebeltinaschannel6240
    @rebeltinaschannel6240 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Probably the best description of a video game glitch I have ever seen. Thanks!

  • @jakenALABAMA
    @jakenALABAMA 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    i still have no clue what you are explaining but i just cant stop watching, you are keeping my interest pretty well.

  • @honmasudoesthings5335
    @honmasudoesthings5335 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    This was a cameo on crossy road(if you play as pac chicken or Pacman) and Pacman 256

  • @gracecckids
    @gracecckids 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    3:55 *OOF*

  • @inphanta
    @inphanta 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    These videos are immensely fascinating. Who would’ve guessed a simple game like Pac Man would have so much depth to it?

  • @ChaseBanhart
    @ChaseBanhart 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    You put so much effort into these videos. I can't even begin to imagine how painstaking it must be to do something like this. Could you maybe make a video explaining how you animate your videos? That would be super interesting to watch!!!

  • @horstkretschmer
    @horstkretschmer 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    If you could get enough lives to get past level 256, aka you can collect the extra pellets generated by the glitch enough times to clear the level, I'm guessing you would be back at level 1 and could continue the game all the way to level 256 again, at which point I'd think you're now actually out of lives. What would the highest pacman score be in this scenario?

  • @adrianau5231
    @adrianau5231 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    I never thought that a key is a fruit.
    (that spaceship though.)

    • @mariodykstra6555
      @mariodykstra6555 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Neither of them are fruits

    • @arfansthename
      @arfansthename 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Galaga was also a Namco game as well.

  • @roylazarovich
    @roylazarovich 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very interesting and explained very well! Looking forward to more

  • @hendrikderyck6185
    @hendrikderyck6185 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Yay that's long ago, I'm happy you're back!!!

  • @Obstagoon862
    @Obstagoon862 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    0:50 Wait, aren't those oranges?

    • @GamerJP30
      @GamerJP30 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      They are, but I used to think they were peaches too.

  • @clockspeed1836
    @clockspeed1836 4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Video: *stuff*
    My peanut sized brain: cheese ball

  • @BrinchTunes
    @BrinchTunes 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Awesome explanation and superb visuals. You, good sir, are a wizard.

  • @nicklasbns
    @nicklasbns 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    wow, I really liked the video, i definitely learned something new! Thanks and keep up the good work!