The Formation of The Earth and The Moon
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 27 ก.ค. 2024
- As we make our way through the solar system, our third stop brings us to Earth, which is almost certainly where you are sitting as you read these words, unless my content is still being watched hundreds of years after its release on some base on Callisto! How did the Earth form? And what about the moon? There is lots to discuss here so let's get into it!
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This series and knowledge should be mandatory for all humans, especially creationists. Thanks Dave for breaking this up in digestible portions, You’re a great teacher! Keep up the brilliant work.
By "Creationists", I'm sure you mean people who believe the world was created in only 7 days, 6000 years ago. Some creationists beleive the universe was created 13.8 billion years ago, and that God is bigger than the literal interpretation of Genesis. After all, according to Relativity, if you're travelling close enough to the speed of light, seven days for you could be 13.8 billion years for somebody else.
There is, of course, no evidence that God exists. But for the longest time there was no proof that bacteria existed. Then the microscope was invented and suddenly many biological processes made more sense. Perhaps at some point we'll have the technology to look into higher dimensions, and we'll discover the nature of consciousness itself.
and the people who believe in hollow moon theory 🤦🏼♂️
We’ve now really ”tide” everything together... Hehe
Lol good one!
Dad joke for the win.
The body that collided with the early Earth to form the moon is called Theia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theia_(planet) It's difficult to find out exactly what its exact composition was, and where it formed, because its remains are integrated into Earth and the moon, although there is some evidence that most of Earth's water came from this body. It was once thought it had to be a glancing blow (which would make the moon almost completely formed of Theia's remains, with the rest absorbed into Earth). But recently it's been determined that it was a much more direct hit, that actually blasted a lot of the proto-Earth's mantle into space as well, which makes the moon a mix of that mantle material and Theia remains. The remainder of Theia was absorbed into what became the Earth as we know it, which explains why the moon's composition is so similar to Earth's mantle. It's interesting stuff.
That is very interesting. Thanks for providing this.
It also explains why Earth's core is so big compared to its size, and why the Moon's core is so small compared to its size. Most of Theia's core never made it into space and sank down to merge with proto-Earth's core.
This is an awesome series. I am binge watching them. Lol. Thanks for all the great and hard work Dave. I appreciate it.
Yo, same here! ...but two years later.
@@Orangekid65I love you orangee 😊
Great video and explanation as usual
Tide goes in, tide goes out, never miscommunication. You can't explain that.
Um, what?
@@ProfessorDaveExplains Sorry Dave. I thought you know the meme:
th-cam.com/video/wb3AFMe2OQY/w-d-xo.html
Haha wow, what a tool. It's sad when adults don't know what tides are.
Classic Bill
I remember this. Amazing.
Nice work
Hey the photo you used to illustrate lunar tides is of Portishead, a coastal town on the Severn Estuary. Kinda weird seeing it here aha although its notorious for riptides and coastal accidents
I appreciate your effort in educating everyone. :)
Subscribed for my kids, you explain a lot better than me and animations will keep them focused 💯
Also, there are not a lot of channels who show the sun at a relative good scale while explaining like at 0:10 which is good for the kids to encompass the real sizes from the beginning
nice channel 👍
"The footprints made by the men who have been on the moon will likely remain intact for millions of years." Well... unless we actually manage to colonize the moon in the not-that-distant future and someone decides to vandalize them.
It reminds me a scene in Space Force, when the chinese roll over the american flag with a moon rover
no wind... but the waving US flag 😄
@@12321Betty12321 the flag was made stiff because there is no wind.
@@michaelpennington62 got to be made of some strong stuff that flange to exist though huh? It maintained through all those rays etc?... just asking
@@6foot7sun the flag from back then is white by now.
You are definitely my go-to guy for scientific explanation when dealing with creationists. Thanks for being awesome prof.
Just curious, are all theists ‘creationists’ or are you making another distinction?
@@nicholasprice6902 No, there are plenty of theists that aren't creationists. A lot of theists accept that things came about through natural processes.
@@psychee1 10-4. You’re talking about Young Earth Creationists predominantly, correct? I’ve just seen the term a couple of times recently, but couldn’t get a clarification.
@@psychee1 I am one who accepts the second. It's pretty obvious that Ken Ham is wrong about everything. I believe that God used natural processes in creation. But that is because I accept the findings of science and have since my pre-teens.
@@nicholasprice6902 Gutsick Gibbon is having a blast (as are her viewers) as she busts Young Earth Creationism.
I love your videos they are very interesting
I am looking forward to the geology series!
your lectures are very helpful to TOEFL preparers.
Thank you ❤️
3:24 but what exactly are the rocks made of
that is what compounds and chemicals does it have
Professor Dave can you please explain the albedo thank you
Hi Professor Dave, I can't find over the internet a graphic reconstruction of the Apollo 11 mission.
I'm searching for some details like masses, velocity, accelerations, orbits...
It should be possible to make a scheme as in a physics problem...
Can you indicate to me a good site or a video?
Thanks in advance
I subscribed, thanks
its realy wonderful
Excellent Dave, but one thing is incorrect. Continental Drift was the precursor to plate tectonics. Drift implies a passive process. Plate movement is dynamic and does not involve drift. Prof P
Wikipedia says that the density of inner core is 12.6-13 g/cm^3; outer core is 9.9-12.2 g/cm^3. Other sources online say the inner is 17 g/cm^3. I'm so confused can anyone explain? Thanks
Try to look for sites that end with .org or .gov. Those average people can’t edit, unlike a .com website like Wikipedia. If I wanted to I could easily go on and change anything on a .com website. I wouldn’t quite trust Wikipedia, since people have proven it can be inaccurate.
It depends on what do you mean by "other sources". I have found multiple results in google that are consistent with the wiki.
Good video.
stupid question ... considering the make up of mercury, could it have been what hit the earth? The solid core and some of the outside went on (mercury) and the mess left behind crunched down to form the moon?
No, it is the similarity in composition of earth and moon that supports the Theia model. Also an object can't really just fly across the solar system and settle into a near-circular orbit.
how where tectonic plates formed?? I’m super curious about it! I never knew Earth was formed like this and it’s quite unbelievable how small rocks and particles became our home
Your doubt might be solved in Prof. Dave’s Geology playlist.
@@n.v.n.prasad132 thank you so much!!
@@Sule3008 welcome!
Why does iron sink to the bottom and not the heavier elements like silver and gold?
Likely these were present in too little quantities when Earth form, and might have been brought by later impacts, which would explain their rarity.
Where is, say, gold on the density scale? Should it be closer to the center of the earth? This is very interesting stuff?
The thing about really dense elements on tje earth's crust is that they got to our planet AFTER it had formed and cooled down, meaning that all the heavy minerals in our crust came here from meteors and comets that rained on earth for millions of years.
Isotopic studies have shown that it was asteroids, not comets were the source of most of earths water.
Is our Earths core function a small nuclear force?
It is remarkable just how many unique circumstances came together to create this one little ball capable of supporting such diverse life. On the surface it make it easy to so see why some think Earth might be the only planet with life in the universe. What are the chances all these conditions happened anywhere else? But at the same time the discovery of other Earth-like worlds in recent years could lead one to think maybe these circumstances are less a cosmic fluke and more the norm than we ever thought.
👏 thank you professor for your time to bring us concentrate knowledge in a way that i can understand with no particularl science background 😘
Always listen to science 😉
You are like the greek god who brought us fire.
Love your channel👍
Hello Professor Dave. Perhaps there's a video better suited for me to ask the question, but I'm curious. I'd read something a couple of years ago that speculated that Mercury may have been the core of a gas/ice giant that migrated into the inner solar system a long time ago and had everything but it's dense core stripped by the solar wind. Has anything on this subject been settled? Was this debunked/confirmed?
I've never heard that but it seems highly unlikely since the probability that it would have such a near circular orbit is infinitesimally low. I'm sure there are other reasons it doesn't make sense in terms of composition.
@@ProfessorDaveExplains I think I had seen it first on Anton Petrov's channel from back in around 2016.
It got me thinking, because of the discovery of gas giants that have migrated inward in other star systems and now they orbit very close, fast, and not in highly eccentric orbits. Pretty sure this was the case for the first confirmed exo-planet if my memory doesn't fail me.
@@nickokona6849 is Anton's channel legit?
@@gnosticelk8193 Granting the fact that I am an amateur and enthusiast, his channel seems to me to be credible. He presents things that are above the general PBS special, but usually not so complicated that only physicists can understand. It's a good balance.
@@nickokona6849 ok thanks 👍
7:24 (I don't know if you still look at old video comments) But:
I thought craters came from smaller asteroids hitting the moon, because it has no atmosphere to protect it from them.
I don't understand how the craters could have formed any other way.
Comets always land in craters for some reason?
@@lachied2126 Serious?
@@MouldMadeMind No lol, it was a joke. But seriously, why do they always land in craters???
Little known fun fact: "It is the pull of the Moon’s gravity on the Earth that holds our planet in place. Without the Moon stabilising our tilt, it is possible that the Earth’s tilt could vary wildly. It would move from no tilt (which means no seasons) to a large tilt (which means extreme weather and even ice ages)." (Royal Museums Greenwich)
So it is doubtful life would have arisen here given the eccentric gyrations of a moonless earth. Probably should rename it Goldilocks given how many things had to be perfect for life to evolve.
Ilove your videos 🥰
So i have a question is earth the largest rocky planet in the inner solar system?
yep
@@ProfessorDaveExplains ok thanks
Great series. oh by the way, don't mention "density" in front of any flat earthers. It will confuse the hell out of them and they are confused enough already.
even worse than flat earthers - hollow moon "theorists." they think the moon is an alien megastructure or something, and that the moon has only orbited the earth for 10,000 years. apparently the aliens brought the moon to us, guess they took 2001: a space odyssey literally.
Was it all due to gravity or was there electromagnetism in salt and minerals that led to the very initial aggregation?
Gravity.
Really the inner core is solid? How is it possible? Iron should be liquid in the huge temperature and pressure
Higher pressure makes it solid ;)
scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=5
I wish I could have seen the first two pebbles that collided which ended up making Earth
Me too. I would have stopped it
Why don't hydrogen molecules bind with oxygen to form water instead of escaping into space? When in our future would the lack of loose hydrogen molecules compromise our supply of water? How would an inclination of hydrogen molecules to bind with oxygen, rather than escape into space, compromise the supply of oxygen for us to breathe? Your videos are helpful and stimulate curiosity, thanks!
What if Neil Armstrong had said heehee while moonwalking?
Hoo!
Sadly no one would get it till years later. but it would be worth the wait.
Michael Jackson lol
I often wonder what Earth would be like if, after it cooled, and all of the denser metals sank, and the lighter formed a solid crust, if we'd then had no meteor impacts. Would iron not exist at the surface? Or would small amounts be brought up by volcanism? Just curious about how much stuff we owe to bombardment.
I think it would sink anyway since it is heavier than the other more common elements.
nice
ngl my teacher is making me watch but still pretty cool!
Then how the ateroids were created?
Jupiter smashy-smashy little planet.
Tore it apart before it got big and molten enough.
That's why there are some metal-rich asteroids and meteors - came from near the poor dead planet's core.
by the sun and 1:00
I'm loving your videos. Hovever I tend to disagree with the Space travel bit. Yes we will get to mars and maybe a little further and of course probes etc will get us a little further. I'd say interstellar space travel a la Star Trek is not happening. As you say the distances are huge. I tend to think there is life elsewhere in the universe but I dont think they are coming here and we aren't going there... Sadly.
Up till now 28 flat earthers and Young earth Creationists clicked on this video
Oh and the most dominant rock as well
But Dave! The crew of the Soyuz 11 died in space!
Its still in Earth sphere of influence, i guess it still counts
@@GamingMaus123 technically the moon is still in earth's influence, so if you want to measure by that yardstick we really haven't sent people to space yet.
I kind of like it. Means I still have a shot to be the first 😊
When I saw the thumbnail, I first thought it was a strange exploded human corpse made of smoke.
I sometimes wonder that does our moon have an actual name like Mars, Jupiter, Saturn moons have names or is Earth moon just called the Moon.
Well it's just that we have been aware of it our entire existence but didn't know what it was. Only much later did we realize that it is to us what other moons are to their host planets. Therefore it is "the moon".
Luna is the proper name we call our moon
im suprised the FE's haven't stolen the term "protoplanetary disc"... 😆
Krypton in the atmosphere explains why I don't have superpowers. 😭
.... iiiiii know! So annoying!
Because Krypton is a gas that is chemically inert with a stable nucleus, that has yet to be discovered to be involved in any natural chemical reaction. It's impact on your life is no different than that of the nitrogen or argon in the air. We do have two Krypton compounds that are manmade in a laboratory, but that's about it. Krypton's family of elements are all inert gasses that generally do not make chemical bonds with anything. Only Radon and Oganesson (formerly Ununoctium) are radioactive elements of this family.
@@carultch Thanks Alexa!
@@carultch thanks
I wonder what would happen if the core eventually cools down
Earth would lose its magnetic shield then it would lose the atmosphere.
Look up what happens to metal with magnetic properties once it reaches the point right before it melts
You should debunk the conspiracy theorist who believe we never went to the moon
You can do that quite easily, the soviets were intercepting the amarican communication during the space race, if the moon landing was fake they would have told.
The mars-sized planet the collided in our planet is Theia
Note: the Moon *does* actually have an atmosphere, but it’s mass is only about the mass of “two elephants”, according to NASA...
African or Indian?
And the moon is technically in our atmosphere.
Have they abandoned the standard school bus unit of the mass? ;)
European
I dont know this komatiite lava flow thick
I remember reading somewhere that there's probably a 50 mile diameter gold nugget at the very center of the earth. Where's my shovel?
the core is mainly iron
And even if there were a gold nugget at the center, I fancy you'd need much more than a shovel.
@@glennpearson9348 WHOOOSHHH!
Dave: "Earth has one moon"
QI: *Triggered in the distance*
Just kidding around, as QI had talked about how many moons Earth have. But there is no way for me to prove there is more then one moon, so I do agree on we have one moon XD
The thing about everyone born on earth died in earth, that is not true. It turns out that in one space mission a long time ago someone was killed in space so not everyone has died on earth
Why can't we go back to the moon? Legitimate question. If we can see Pluto then why isn't there a picture of where we landed on the moon? That always made me Curious
We can go to the moon anytime. It's just expensive as hell and there's no motive. The landing site is very small but you can bounce a laser off a mirror that was left there. People do it to get measurements of the speed of light.
@@ProfessorDaveExplains That's really cool with the lasers. I think going back to the moon has plenty of notice. With the technology we have now it'll be a good idea. Wait what about the radiation belt? I heard that it would have fried the astronauts
@@docholiday5119 You have probably seen this on some random youtube video. The radiation belts are dangerous yes, but the amount of time they stayed there compares to a an x-ray. Not seen anyone yet been fried by one of those. Also they did not go naked through the belts, they had shielding on the craft. :-)
@@arkimus1911 the craft was a thin layer of aluminum though. What I've heard in other NASA videos was that you needed 6 inches of solid lead.
Also if our technology is advance now why was there a NASA employee saying we don't have the technology anymore.
@@docholiday5119 you seem to have watched all the conspiracy videos on this subject.. I suggest that you actually try to read some real information about it.
One tip is to read about the difference between analog and digital technology. There is plenty of information online.
Anyone realized on the thumbnail the planet made dust and it formed like a human?
The start of something special
The intro is bad pls improve but the video is great👍
the intro is supposed to look like that to be funny
8:04 nO wInD? hOw fLaG dO mOvE
I have a question
.
Is the moon bigger then Russia
I doubt it. If we assume that "russia" in this context is the entire surface of the country and the entire section of the crust beneath it, then it would be comparatively pretty small. The crust is very thin compared to the other layers of the earth.
Russia is a little less than half the area of the moon.
I feel like you're giving Jupiter and the other boys a bad rap when you say that they don't have any gravitational influence on us. Imagine all of the asteroids they catch for us.
That would be an example of Jupiter's gravitational influence on those asteroids. Not Jupiter's gravitational influence on Earth.
@@carultch That's what I meant. I don't know the physics of it, but our massive neighbors should shield us somewhat right? Or maybe the protection is miniscule due to vast distances and stuff which render their gravitational pull almost null.
According to the bible it too 7 days to create the earth and all the planet's, I don't believe in fairytales so I'll go with the science on this.
School seeng this best view some of us bored
big chungus
0:30 correction: was born on earth has lived on earth and has died or is dying on earth
this sounds like a grammatical error and it sounded cringe
[REDACTED] not the point
Doamna turcus m a trimis
Mie mi spui...tre sa ma uit la gay u asta
wtf si pe mine
If there’s no wind on the moon why is the flag in the NASA video on the moon moving??? 🤔🤔🤔
It's not.
If it is not moving how does it appear so
@@write2katia2 mass lagging behind? Easy. Inertia.
I think it had weights at the bottom to help out stay unfolded.
the flag was folded up when it was erected and is held up by a vertical bar at the back and a horizontal bar at the top.
since theres no atmosphere on the moon and the gravity is only 1/3rd that of earth the wrinkles it had when the astronauts unfolded it remained.
thats why it looks like its moving when it realy isnt.
0:30 Wrong. Three people died in space.
Also about 7 billion people haven't died on earth yet
Wrong. All people die in space.
So that’s what the northern lights are
Nice place to visit, but I wouldn't want to live there.
But eARtH iS FlaT!!!!!!
270th comment
Where did the Gravity come from that formed pebbles into planets?
Gravity is the warping of spacetime around massive objects.
Mercury
Venus
Moon and Mars
Didn't start out where they ares....
We all are aliens, brought on Earth by our papa aliens.
Well the atmosphere made the oxygen There was a lot of oxygen when us humans are not formed yet And Insects were way bigger
Cyanobacteria made the oxygen.
Let there be light.
???
@@MouldMadeMind Don’t act confused, you know exactly what it means.
@@arrownoir that you can't even read the titel, sorry for not instandly assuming you were stupid
This fellow doesn't subscribe to the theory of a huge planetary collision at 4,540,000,000 years ago (because not mentioned). I've no idea & never will because you'd need to be expert in the field for decades to draw any worthwhile conclusion, and that isn't me.
I specifically described the collision event that produced the moon.
Im pro-science, but most of this video is only SPECULATION because in the absence of "definite" facts, we make Educated Guesses
Nothing in this video is speculation. This is how star system formation and planet formation work. If you beg to differ, explain why.
@@ProfessorDaveExplains Thanks for rep!y. (1) Formation of stars and solar systems can be confirmed by astronomical observation - NOT speculation. However, (2) real interior of earth is speculation. And, (3) origin of the moon is speculation.
The interior of the earth is not speculation. Ask a geologist. I'll grant you that there are slight elements of speculation in the origin of the moon, but you're ignoring things like its composition and details about its orbit that are extremely clear indicators of its origin. So labeling it pure speculation is not correct.
@@ProfessorDaveExplains THANKS, I appreciate your time.
For all we really know the entire universe could have been terraformed. Like a terrarium home for ants.
GOD DID🗣️🗣️🗣️
Sure buddy sure
ad=dislike
This is wrong, about 6,000-7,000 years ago, God created the universe as we know it today in six 24-hour days.
Bazinga?
@@DarrenSaw- what does Bazinga mean?
Lfmao
To all the commentators on this accurate comment, it seems that you have heard every argument pro and against creation, God, Christianity, etc. So it seems to be a waste of breath for me to rattle off and refer you to credible people who scientifically and theoretically disproved the Big Bang, evolution, etc. .
Therefore, I will ask you this: What will you say or do if people tells you things BEFORE it even happens, claiming to be prophets of God.
WELL READ THIS:
*DONALD* *TRUMP'S* A 2-TERM PRESIDENT & HE WILL ALSO HAVE HIS PICK ON *5* ( FIVE ) SUPREME COURT JUSTICES!
Trump will be reelected in 2020 (2 years from now)! HE WILL NOT GET IMPEACHED.
-Probably once the 5 Supreme Court Justices are in, Roe vs. Wade will be overturned!
-OPEC (that evil regime that uses money to fundraise for terrorism) will be annihilated.
-Cures for cancers, dementia, Alzheimer’s, and such will finally be released.
-US and Russia are the two main entities that are going to overthrow ISIS, similar with the overthrow of Nazi Germany back in WWII. (*Trump* *just* *said* that ISIS is pretty much defeated!)
-US and Israel will be energy independent! We will no longer be importers of oil, but leading exporters. (*And* *guess* *what*, America's the LARGEST CRUDE OIL PRODUCERS. RESEARCH IT!) THIS HAD BEEN ACCURATELY PROPHESIED BEFORE IT HAPPENED
.
-Bush Sr. will be the first to go before Carter. The other three (Clinton, Bush Jr. and Obama) including Hillary Clinton and probably some congressmen will be going to prison or coming close to it. There will be mass arrests coming; military-style tribunals are coming for their treason. People will stand trial.
GOD IS USING TRUMP FOR SUCH A TIME AS THIS TO GET AMERICA BACK TOWARD RIGHTEOUSNESS!!
[Research Mark Taylor Prophesies]. Thank you for you time and have a wonderful Thanksgiving, 2018!
Charles Randall 🤣🤣😂😂😄😄 good joke
This is your imagination, God send messages to Prophets that he created The Sun , Moon and the Earth for a reason.The End of Time is coming...
Cool story, bro!
@@ProfessorDaveExplains its not a story, maybe to you but to us that know the truth, it is the truth, except you left out the 4 pillars of gold that run through the earth to hold it together, cause you do not know the truth,
Wow the sequel is even better.
@@glennwolfe6056 You should write a book about that story
@@davidfriend9042 ikr? Old cosmology fables work really well in fantasy settings.