I don't know what I'd do without you. I'm a senior in high school taking college chemistry and it makes so much more sense with these videos. THANK YOU!!!!!!!
But Khan academy is really good, everyone makes mistakes! And it's easier to make them on camera because you have to think on your feet, these are brilliant lessons!
I love the way you teach , I'm planning to study pharmacy and chemistry is important for such a major and you're literally saving my life with these videos .. thank you big time :)
@Vickiormindyb My understanding is that when an atom has a full outer shell of 8 electrons it is at it's most stable. This is why the first 7 groups aspire to be like the 'noble gasses', as these gasses in group 8 have their outermost shell filled and are thus the most stable.
@khanacademy Minor meta-correction needed on the "Brain Malfunction" annotation at about 6:05. It says statement could have been made about Ga, Ln, or TI. The "Ln" really refers to Indium and should start with an "I" as in "I love good teachers".
This is sooo helpfull thank you so mucyou sound so young. Not like a voice of someone i expect to know all about this and know how to explain it You have a good way of saying things,
Could you please correct the bit about Al having a filled d orbital. Still don't see the annotation you promised. Kinda confusing to the beginners, considering all your previous videos in this series, which were such a great help :) thanks
Coming from a Brit: the guy that discovered Al referred to it as aluminum. That got changed over time, but the Yanks are more correct I think in this case.
can you please explain the contradiction between hydrogen not wanting to give away its electron like mentioned at 1:50 when on the other hand its described pretty reactive like in 11:20
Can you please, put a full-screen "crosshair"??? Or at least a colored one? I lost several parts when you pointed and I missed the target :-( I'm a new fan of your videos! Thanks for teaching us!
@MrMcdagy Yeah, that's what I thought was strange as well... Could somebody explain this please? And why is Helium a noble gas? Since it only has 2 electrons in its outer shell... Must be an exception? BTW, THANKS a lot Khan Acadamy! I never really understood the periodic table and why some elements were more reactive than others..
I have to say hes infinite times better at history and math. I am really not feeling any smoothness of explanation in these chemistry videos. After the first two of the series on atoms the next few are a mess. Maybe he should consider remaking them. : /
Here in the U.S the system is made for students to not understand the concept, and fail. Although there are few excellent teachers that teach with passion it slowly diminishes. Now i reside in Sweden where failing is no longer an option for a teacher.
but as well i was wondering if i had seven electrons in my cabinet then how do i mine it with a orbitals lithium elemental mercury as well as the configuration of alkaline reactive metals?
can't see the cursor very well. maybe you could make it more prominent or something in future videos. other than that, AMAZING video. really helped clear up my doubts :D
Somebody said that this guy is wrong by saying silver is the best electricity conductor in the p.t ....well that is untrue...silver is the best but Cu is used because its less expensive hence its makes ''economic sense'' to us Cu than Ag .
Your videos are great and I'd like to see them in order. Can you tell me how you've labeled them so I can view them in order? Thanks. Keep up the great work!
1:51 he says "two atoms in outtermost shell", instead meaning electrons. I'm sure that wouldn't trip up the vast majority of people here, but just in case.
your videos are great! they really helped me understand the periodic table. thanks for the vids.. keep uploading 'em!!! btw, can you make physics videos?? i'd really like to learn from that subject.
when one of the alkalide metal for example K gives an electron to F the electron should lose a lot of energy right? because it is going in to a lower energy orbit. Does it lose energy by givin of a photon. is that how halogen lamps work? just guesing
The truth is, that even highly educated people need shrinks. This video is for learning, not for punching, cursing, degrading, and hateful comments. You Tube is not a place for therapeutic gatherings. Sheeesh!!!
Al doesn't have a d suborbital T_T When a Ti atom gives its 2 valence electrons completely, being ionized into Ti²+, does Ti²+ then still have 2 electrons that lose energy to get into the 3s² layer and become valence? If so then if it loses them again does it become 4+ with the electron configuration of Ar? or does that never happen? If it doesn't happen, why are we speaking of metals' generosity with electrons?
+ocin simat No, Fe has 2 valence electrons. Why? Because the most outer shell for the transitional metals is the "P" shell. Meaning simply they all have 2 valence electrons. Does this make sense?
All of them do have two valence e- s but that is different from their oxidation states, that depends on stable orbitals and transition elements really have variable oxidation states. Mn can have the oxidation state of +7!!
He is a great professor, but I'm sill confused about some things. I don't know how many electrons an element needs to get 8. Confusing! I have a test tomorrow on this.
CAN SOMEONE TELL ME HOW IONISATION AND ELECTRON GAIN ENTHALAPY DIFFER IN THIS TABLE ALONG THE ROUP...AND ALONG THE PERIOD... i am much confused in ege...
Doesnt chromium and copper have 1 electron in their outer shell??? i searched for it on google and on all the periodic tables i find there it says that chromium and copper have 1 valence electron
I wonder why my Chemistry teacher DIDN'T tell us this about wanting to get to 8? Even the chemist I knew never said it. He used to always claim it was too complicated for me to understand. Chemistry is my worst subject, even worse than Math which is the second most difficult for me.
Vicki Bee do you want to know about it? if you're motivated to know about it you will learn to enjoy it and to find out more about the subjects that you find difficult :)
is there a tutorial where i can learn how to find the group and period of a element for example :11 na = 1s2 2s2 3p6 3s1 then the next step of that i forgot can someone here help me please..
I don't get it.. How does an atom gaining just one electron change when the nucleus still need extra neutrons and protons?? Or is this guy just talking strictly about electrons and will get to the nucleus soon...?
It takes the halogens to form compounds. And only the halogens generally. Due to their high electronegativity. Since they want electrons so badly, especially fluorine. With a lot of energy, they can be forced to make reactions occur with the halogens, because of that feature with them. Also Oxygen as well. Generally. Other compounds have been made but the disassociate rather quickly.
You are correct. Al doesn't have anything in the D sub-shell. Did I say it did? Let me add an annotation to fix that.
5:48 🫡
I don't know what I'd do without you. I'm a senior in high school taking college chemistry and it makes so much more sense with these videos. THANK YOU!!!!!!!
This guy was class president at MIT, he is intelligent
+MultiPlacencia Fuck off troll
Bs
My mom said not to swear
We don't need that data at all to understand he's intelligent.
He is so concerned with not offending any metals, what a sweet guy ;)
Kora?
What makes this videos be good and you can actually learn from them is because he sounds that he enjoys to teach all this stuff. :)
As the video goes on you get faster bro you are just a genius you are everywhere about donating electrons to atomic groups.
But Khan academy is really good, everyone makes mistakes! And it's easier to make them on camera because you have to think on your feet, these are brilliant lessons!
I love the way you teach , I'm planning to study pharmacy and chemistry is important for such a major and you're literally saving my life with these videos .. thank you big time :)
How did it go
@@solomonherskowitz def same question, I'm taking pharmacy right now and i need to learn the fundamentals.
This guy teaches way better than any chem teacher I've had. Life saver for Gen. Chem 1
You are wonderful teacher! I really appreciate for sharing your knowledge with younger generation like us.
i learn so much more from you than any other of my teachers
ikr
@Vickiormindyb
My understanding is that when an atom has a full outer shell of 8 electrons it is at it's most stable. This is why the first 7 groups aspire to be like the 'noble gasses', as these gasses in group 8 have their outermost shell filled and are thus the most stable.
@khanacademy Minor meta-correction needed on the "Brain Malfunction" annotation at about 6:05. It says statement could have been made about Ga, Ln, or TI. The "Ln" really refers to Indium and should start with an "I" as in "I love good teachers".
You are doing such a great service to humanity...no kidding!!!!!!!!!!!!
I wish you were my professor! I am finally understanding haha
At 1:53, it says there are 2 atoms in the outermost shell. Perhaps you could put a correction up that it's electrons, not atoms?
This is sooo helpfull thank you so mucyou sound so young. Not like a voice of someone i expect to know all about this and know how to explain it
You have a good way of saying things,
Khan, you said at 1:52, you have "two atoms in its outermost shell" instead of "two electrons."
e=mc^2
means
Energy = mass x speed of light x speed of light
It's an insane number. I think you gave the number of pi: 3.14.
Wait what? This was a video 10 years ago 🥺
This video is great lots of effort
Thanks for making things much easier to understand!
Thanks You have a great way to explain electrons. It was easy to understand.
Could you please correct the bit about Al having a filled d orbital. Still don't see the annotation you promised. Kinda confusing to the beginners, considering all your previous videos in this series, which were such a great help :) thanks
"Thes have two, two atoms in their outermost shell"
Any teacher who teaches like you deserve a 6 figure salary! Teaching the future!
Coming from a Brit: the guy that discovered Al referred to it as aluminum. That got changed over time, but the Yanks are more correct I think in this case.
can you please explain the contradiction between hydrogen not wanting to give away its electron like mentioned at 1:50 when on the other hand its described pretty reactive like in 11:20
hydrogen tend to gain electron not give
5:12 lol "I have some in reserve in my d." XDD
lol....
I loled at that moment as well :D
😂 😂 😂 I just heard it and I came to the comment section to make sure I wasn't alone 😭😂
1:52 They have two atoms in the outermost shells? You mean electrons?
...but seriously I love you Sal.
Can you please, put a full-screen "crosshair"???
Or at least a colored one?
I lost several parts when you pointed and I missed the target
:-(
I'm a new fan of your videos!
Thanks for teaching us!
@MrMcdagy Yeah, that's what I thought was strange as well... Could somebody explain this please? And why is Helium a noble gas? Since it only has 2 electrons in its outer shell... Must be an exception?
BTW, THANKS a lot Khan Acadamy! I never really understood the periodic table and why some elements were more reactive than others..
You are an absolute legend! Great videos, thanks :)
Lol ''we're happy and u can do all those crazy reactions'' the explanation is really cute
I wish this guy was my professor
me to
I wonder why can't nobody find poeple like you in the class rooms. Man I cannot thanks enough. If you want to married my sister just let me know.
I have to say hes infinite times better at history and math. I am really not feeling any smoothness of explanation in these chemistry videos. After the first two of the series on atoms the next few are a mess. Maybe he should consider remaking them. : /
Here in the U.S the system is made for students to not understand the concept, and fail. Although there are few excellent teachers that teach with passion it slowly diminishes. Now i reside in Sweden where failing is no longer an option for a teacher.
caveat... had to look that one up. I love you Khan.
How come krypton's outermost shell has 3s2 3p6? Isn't it 4s2, 4p6?
superb teaching
but as well i was wondering if i had seven electrons in my cabinet then how do i mine it with a orbitals lithium elemental mercury as well as the configuration of alkaline reactive metals?
When an element becomes an ion it is less reactive, so K+ is more stable which is exactly why atoms react to gain more stability
Yes, the noble gases have 8 valence electrons. He probably circled the halogens because he was demonstrating how they react with the alkaline metals.
Thank you very much! I was wondering what makes the metals metals and what makes non-metals non-metals, why they grouped this way, and now I know! :-)
can't see the cursor very well. maybe you could make it more prominent or something in future videos. other than that, AMAZING video. really helped clear up my doubts :D
what a wonderful gift. thank you.
Somebody said that this guy is wrong by saying silver is the best electricity conductor in the p.t ....well that is untrue...silver is the best but Cu is used because its less expensive hence its makes ''economic sense'' to us Cu than Ag .
Your videos are great and I'd like to see them in order. Can you tell me how you've labeled them so I can view them in order? Thanks. Keep up the great work!
the comment "unlikely to explode at a child's birthday party" made me explode in laugghter:D!
A L U M I N I U M, for the love of god!!!
Nice video by the way.
1:51 he says "two atoms in outtermost shell", instead meaning electrons. I'm sure that wouldn't trip up the vast majority of people here, but just in case.
your videos are great! they really helped me understand the periodic table. thanks for the vids.. keep uploading 'em!!! btw, can you make physics videos?? i'd really like to learn from that subject.
You are talking about very basic concepts, but using undefined terms, like subshells, that are more advanced.
@putumban96 rememeber it's a transition metal so i guess it doesnt have to have one alone
don't atomic no. 24 and 29 have '1s' in their outermost shell s sub shell........#3:48
thnx man. love your teaching
Very helpful! Thanks Sal!
Sal, dont the noble gases already have 8 electron in there most outer shell? did you mean to circle the Halogens?
1 full day of Khan Academy > 1 1/2 semester of enr. chem
when one of the alkalide metal for example K gives an electron to F the electron should lose a lot of energy right? because it is going in to a lower energy orbit. Does it lose energy by givin of a photon. is that how halogen lamps work? just guesing
Excellent tutorial
The truth is, that even highly educated people need shrinks. This video is for learning, not for punching, cursing, degrading, and hateful comments. You Tube is not a place for therapeutic gatherings. Sheeesh!!!
I love you man, so much help!
Al doesn't have a d suborbital T_T
When a Ti atom gives its 2 valence electrons completely, being ionized into Ti²+, does Ti²+ then still have 2 electrons that lose energy to get into the 3s² layer and become valence?
If so then if it loses them again does it become 4+ with the electron configuration of Ar? or does that never happen? If it doesn't happen, why are we speaking of metals' generosity with electrons?
WE KHAN :) KHAN ACADEMY FOR PERSIDENT
Gold does not rust (oxidize). When silver (Ag) oxidizes it conducts poorly.
these metals say' hey, take my electrons" haha :)
im confused about all transition metals have 2 valence electrons, and what about Fe(III) doesn't that have 3 valence electrons
+ocin simat No, Fe has 2 valence electrons. Why? Because the most outer shell for the transitional metals is the "P" shell. Meaning simply they all have 2 valence electrons. Does this make sense?
fe (lll) means fe w charge of 3
All of them do have two valence e- s but that is different from their oxidation states, that depends on stable orbitals and transition elements really have variable oxidation states. Mn can have the oxidation state of +7!!
He is a great professor, but I'm sill confused about some things. I don't know how many electrons an element needs to get 8. Confusing! I have a test tomorrow on this.
:D "...much less likely to explode... at a children's birthday party."
CAN SOMEONE TELL ME HOW IONISATION AND ELECTRON GAIN ENTHALAPY DIFFER IN THIS TABLE ALONG THE ROUP...AND ALONG THE PERIOD...
i am much confused in ege...
Doesnt chromium and copper have 1 electron in their outer shell??? i searched for it on google and on all the periodic tables i find there it says that chromium and copper have 1 valence electron
What do you record with?
Hold up Al doesn't have a d sub level, it's electron configuration is: 1S^2 2S^2 2P^6 3S^2 3P^1
if the electrons repel the 8 then how does 3.1459 equal to e=mc2
you can hear how the groups sound alike on the spectraphonic table.
Hey Josh, hi you have the same last name as I do. Have a nice day.
Stalker alert!
Khan is always right, you only hear the wrong things.
Thx. I'm not in high school and I still understand this :) or maybe I'm doing it all wrong :(
why do you always write a 2 above Cr and Cu when they are 4s^1_3d^5 and 4s^1_3d^10 respectively
Great video.
amazing. thank you.
I have a intro to chem test tomorrow hahaha, I am so cooked.
I thought it was Gold that conducted electricity the best.
Gold is used for high-end hardware so I'm assuming that it's better... someone clarify?
@iRobii i use 2 prepare 4 my examinations 1 day before 4rm u tubw!
I wonder why my Chemistry teacher DIDN'T tell us this about wanting to get to 8? Even the chemist I knew never said it. He used to always claim it was too complicated for me to understand. Chemistry is my worst subject, even worse than Math which is the second most difficult for me.
Maybe it was too complicated for him explain!
Vicki Bee do you want to know about it? if you're motivated to know about it you will learn to enjoy it and to find out more about the subjects that you find difficult :)
Hahahahahahha, I hadn't noticed that. Thanks for the giggle!
Is this Intro or Gen chem?
You're correct.
Not all electrons want to have 8 electrons on their valence shell.. some want to have 18, while others desire 32. Refute me if I am wrong
“Not all electrons want to have 8 electrons”
-ShineyM
is there a tutorial where i can learn how to find the group and period of a element
for example :11 na = 1s2 2s2 3p6 3s1 then the next step of that i forgot can someone here help me please..
What is a "D-orbital"?
I don't get it.. How does an atom gaining just one electron change when the nucleus still need extra neutrons and protons?? Or is this guy just talking strictly about electrons and will get to the nucleus soon...?
great !!..can revise me sometimes..
Krypton- you mean 4s2 4p6
Why do people use gold in electronics if silver is the best conducter?
Because of gold's high tolerance to corrosion
gold conducts electricity pretty decently, and it doesn't tarnish or corrode as easily as silver... If i'm wrong feel free to correct me!
okay, the noble gases are highly unreactive. So, is it safe to say that it is not possible for a noble gas to make chemical bonds?
from what I have been told- not necessary
so it IS possible, but it just takes a lot to get them to make the bond...?
It takes the halogens to form compounds. And only the halogens generally. Due to their high electronegativity. Since they want electrons so badly, especially fluorine. With a lot of energy, they can be forced to make reactions occur with the halogens, because of that feature with them. Also Oxygen as well. Generally. Other compounds have been made but the disassociate rather quickly.
That is why we now use helium.. because helium is a noble gas and very unlikely to explode at child's birthday party like hydrogen. lol
Your amazing