64 AWS Interview Questions - What is a Route Table in AWS and How does it work

64 AWS Interview Questions - What is a Route Table in AWS and How does it work
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[@deepakranjanmishra5641]

Kindly explain how we can make a subnet and the instances inside it completely private.

[@Pythoholic]

To create a completely private subnet with instances that are not accessible from the internet, you can follow these steps:
1. **Create a VPC**: If you don't already have one, create a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in your cloud provider's environment (like AWS).
2. **Create a Private Subnet**:
- Within your VPC, create a new subnet. This subnet will be designated as private.
- When creating the subnet, ensure it does not have a route to the Internet Gateway.
3. **Update Route Table**:
- Associate the private subnet with a route table that does not have a route to an Internet Gateway.
- Ensure that the route table allows for local VPC traffic.
4. **Launch Instances in the Private Subnet**:
- When launching new instances (like EC2 instances in AWS), select the private subnet.
- Do not assign a public IP or Elastic IP to these instances.
5. **Set Up a NAT Gateway or NAT Instance** (Optional):
- If your instances in the private subnet need to initiate outbound traffic to the internet (for updates, patches, etc.), use a NAT Gateway or NAT Instance.
- Place the NAT Gateway or NAT Instance in a public subnet and ensure it has a route to the Internet Gateway.
- Update the private subnet's route table to direct internet-bound traffic to the NAT Gateway or NAT Instance.
6. **Security Groups and Network ACLs**:
- Configure Security Groups for your instances to control inbound and outbound traffic at the instance level.
- Set up Network Access Control Lists (NACLs) to provide a layer of security at the subnet level.
7. **No External Access**:
- Ensure that Security Groups and NACLs are configured to not allow inbound traffic from the internet.
8. **Private DNS (Optional)**:
- If using AWS, enable private DNS within your VPC to allow instances to communicate with each other using their private DNS names.
By following these steps, you create a private subnet where instances do not have direct access to the internet and cannot be accessed directly from the internet. This is a common setup for backend systems, databases, and application servers that need to be secured.

[@deepakranjanmishra5641]

Thanks a lot