Great video! Though there is a super minor nitpick in your animations: You can't stack two 20 ft containers on top of one 40 ft container (most 40 ft containers don't have a strong enough center to support the load). You can stack a 40 ft on two 20 ft containers, however. I hope no one is relying on TH-cam comments for critical container logistic lessons but if you *are*, there you go.
Shout out in particular to the the animators for this video! I guess Sam should at the very least unchain them and let them see sunlight for about 10 minutes
1:44 That 348808 label is actually wrong, it's clearly pointing at tier 6 and not 8, so it should say 348806 instead. Can't wait for this to be the most boring correction in the next HAI mistakes compilation
Back in the day, my father was an officer on container ships -- small ones by today's standards, but they looked pretty big to 10-or-so-year-old me on those occasions I got to go onboard. This was before computers were ubiquitous, so the loading plan had to be worked out *by hand*. In fact, one of my memories is my dad playing with his new home computer to see if he could write some software to help with the process. He never got particularly far with it -- it's actually a Hard Problem, and if he had, we'd be rich and all that. But I thought I'd share a childhood memory with the comments section anyway.
For non-mathematical folk, Hard Problem means NP-Complete, which essentially means that large versions of a Problem get too complex for computers to solve quickly. Container ship cargo layout looks like a variation of the Knapsack problem with more restrictions, and as such is NP-complete. The idea of "completeness" refers to the idea that, given enough analogy and translation, you can turn one type of problem into another in the same difficulty level. For context, cracking your bank's encryption, mining bitcoin, predicting the weather, and the entire field of logistics are all NP-complete. Since solving one NP-complete "quickly" means solving the others by an analogous method, such a solution would make you a trillionaire and simultaneously upend nearly every security measure in computing. Quantum computing potentially "solves" NP-complete, which is why people are researching it in the first place. Clarification: That "analogy" is typically referred to as the Boolean Satisfiability problem. It's just converting a given type of problem to a series of true/false checks like 20+ Questions. If your problem can produce a yes/no answer, it probably can be converted. "NP" means non-polynomial time. Polynomial is to Non-Polynomial as the boardgame Battleship is to Chess. If every move opens up more possibilities, it's NP. We can only approximate NP-complete solutions, not guaranteed to get the best outcome.
@@adissentingopinion848 Great summary. I'm familiar(ish) with the field so it's hard (small h) for me to truly gauge, but this _feels_ like it's a good explanation for those not already familiar.
Sorry to nit pick, but in your Thumbnail Diagram, the Oxidizer would be stored on the opposite side of the ship, not above the flammable liquid cargo. That way, if the flammable liquid combusts, the flames don't travel up and interact with the Oxidizers. Also see IMDG, DOT, and IATA regs, preferably the 2024 editions but if you don't wanna spend money you can practice with a legacy version.
i study logistics in sweden so we have a dangerous cargo course. The one thing that surprised me is that Hay is not classified as dangerous cargo in the ADR-s book when transported on road, but if you transport if by sea its not allowed under any circumstances since its highly flammable and very hard to extinguish on the open ocean
french driver, hay in enclosed spaces is an adr, classed as an oxidizer because it produces flamable gasses, its usually why you see driven hay on an open bed and not in a trailer.
Correction - not the Suez canal but the Gulf of Aden, which is the gateway to the Suez canal and is currently terrorized by the Houthi terror group, which makes access to the Suez canal practically impossible, even though the canal itself is safe to use. I bet that if somebody watches this video 10 years from now without remembering the current situation they will be totally baffled about why would somebody go around the continent instead of using the canal
Houthis are shooting cargo ships in solidarity with Hamas. That’s why they need to go around Africa instead like the old days. It’s contributing to rising prices.
My dad actually works with stuff like this. He even has a certificate for arranging transportation for hazardous materials, although he says it's more of a hassle than it's worth.
You should have had a segment for the breakbulk shipments, that is even more fascinating for the planning and logistics aspect of container shipping. -someone who works for project cargo in one of the top liners.
Hold it right there Sam! At 1:44, when your showing the container loading charts, the top number (348808) is misplaced. It shows 3488*06*s place, 3488*08* is one spot to the right of it. Looking forward to seeing this on the next "correcting another years worth of HAI oopsies" 😁 Loving your videos and looking forward to the next season of Jet Lag! Now, on with the video!
thank you so much for covering this topic! i was writing a mafia AU fanfic and needed the characters to locate a stolen object inside a shipping container at a port, but i could never quite connect the logistics behind how they would track down where it is. much thanks HAI!!!
We just visited about a dozen of the top bars in singapore and absolutely loved Fura (plus opposite Native, making it a very simple hop over to the next). One of our favourite cocktails of the whole trip was in Sago House, but they change the menu weekly! It was the thai style one called Gaeng Som and absolutely wonderful.
20' and 40' containers while being the most common are not the only ones. 45' and 30' are also quite widespread, and tanktainers often come in sizes of 22'-26' (they fit into a 20' slot however protrude either on one or both sides so you'll need to keep that space empty).
fun fact, Avocado is probably one of the most annoying thing to move since they need a very special container with a fail proof refrigeration since they need to be transported at a very spesific tempeture. Hence why so many smuggles hide drugs in refrigeration units in Avocado containers since its almost never checked since its very much rare for it to fail
Whoever is mixing the audio can we please turn town the music. I don’t mind him talking fast, but it’s hard to understand because the music is distracting. This hasn’t been an issue in the past. 😢
@@TheAechBomb Depends on your environment and how well you hear. On top of that, I just really have to ask, what does it add? It's extra work, potentially extra licensing fees, for what? The narration is what's important, so if the background music is noticeable or distracting so that it makes it harder to hear the narration, then it's a problem. But if it's not noticeable, then what's the point of having it there in the first place? On the pros/cons scale, to me it just seems to be almost entirely cons with few pros.
Wait! Sam at half as interesting, the shirts can still be salvaged. You can just make them say "loading container ships is NOT as easy as tetris" problem solved!
0:52 Actually, those containers aren't rectangles. Rectangles are 2 dimensional shapes, but containers are 3 dimensional. The correct term is rectangular prism or cuboid.
3:16 would this even be possible? the ship would be stopping between Los Angeles and Oakland, two US ports. Wouldn’t that mean they need to be US registered or am I misunderstanding that one maritime law
the physical copies are being shipped to Los Angelos, but I would not hold my breath that they will arrive. I believe Sam put a container full of explosive muffins next to the D&B one and chose the route near to Somalian pirates to test his theory
0:51 A correction for your corrections video. You said that the industry needs to move rectangles. But rectangles are 2D shapes. Shipping containers are 3D so they would be rectangular prisms.
For the mistakes video, around 0:38, you said "International Standards Organisation"; ISO, after Greek "isos" for "equal", they settled on ISO because "International Organisation of Standardisation" would've caused confusion if transalated, e.g. French becomes OIN. IOS is how you "say" it (in English) but it's written ISO :)
Another really important factor in all of this is that shipping things is charged by weight, so clients are rewarded for lying and claiming their containers are far lighter than they really are. Very few ports/countries have the resources to manually weigh every single thing. Investigations have shown that a good percentage of lost containers and accidents are because of this kind of weight fraud. Like this video shows, one overly-heavy container can topple a whole bay like dominoes.
Would you like to know more? There's a nice channel called Casual Navigation that touches on Container ships that... Lose containers into the ocean and 'why' they might fall off the ship in the 1st place. They have a few videos on the topic, all of them are around 6-8 minutes long XD
This video feels like it ended 3 minutes too early! I want to know how they optimize it! What algorithm do they use? Did it ever happen that a perfect loadout wasn't possible and they had to make sacrifices? I have so many questions left!
The video is very interesting. Thanks. What I miss in this video is how they actually decide which container gets where as there are so many factors/criterias to consider. Of course they have computers but nevertheless: What's the algorhythm? The music is superfluous (it's not MTV, is it?)
I'm truly disappointed that Sam didn't ship his correspondent Amy in a container ship so we could get some firsthand footage of being inside a container. What's the state of reporting even coming to these days?
2:07 are the bay numbers that are multiples of four skipped to ensure that the full-lenght containers have even numbers and half-containers odd, or is there another reason there?
Great video! Though there is a super minor nitpick in your animations: You can't stack two 20 ft containers on top of one 40 ft container (most 40 ft containers don't have a strong enough center to support the load). You can stack a 40 ft on two 20 ft containers, however. I hope no one is relying on TH-cam comments for critical container logistic lessons but if you *are*, there you go.
This is good info
Wait so all 20 fts have to go at the very bottom?
@@-syn9or only stack 40ft containers on 40ft ones
Shout out in particular to the the animators for this video!
I guess Sam should at the very least unchain them and let them see sunlight for about 10 minutes
I would go so far to say they deserve at least 15 minutes of sunlight.
I wouldn’t say unchain….just taken for a walk. Don’t want to risk them escaping and we lose this quality ya know.
He doesn’t need to. They get enough sunlight for the season in the next race around somewhere doing something
@@jstan5802 they always get sunlight they are stuck in a greenhouse there you don't need energy for light.
1:44 That 348808 label is actually wrong, it's clearly pointing at tier 6 and not 8, so it should say 348806 instead.
Can't wait for this to be the most boring correction in the next HAI mistakes compilation
I thought I was the only one to noticed
I can already hear him saying "This label was suppose to point here and not here" in half a second before proceding to the next small mistake.
Even more boring would be to point out that he called them rectangles, while they are, in fact, parallelepipeds (or cuboids).
Boy I really hope somebody got fired for that blunder
here before a ship captain makes a video debunking this and showing that he just randomly drops them all in there
They're actually shaped like Tetris pieces. Most of them are the S shapes
If they let captains have any control over this then thats exactly what they would do
4:57 "These containers could contain almost *anything* "
Even Amy?!
Even Amy, though that just might be human smuggling.
@@marcusdurr1223 that depends on the purpose of shipment.
How else do you think this video was researched, they smuggled Amy on a ship in a container
Almost _Amy_thing !
That assumes Amy can even be contained.
7:03 I mean, it's almost like listening to you talking about bricks. And you know how much we live bricks
they are similar shaped so we can say he likes boxes.
3:03 Los Angeles is spelled Los Angelos(for the mistakes video)
The destination of that container was clearly several Hispanic guys named Angelo, apparently.
Legally distinct for trademark reasons
I’m immensely disappointed that there is no shipping container Tetris shirt available for sale
Right? I do need a new shirt or two.
Seriously! Sam, I would buy it in a heartbeat, as long as it has the HAI logo on it.
Back in the day, my father was an officer on container ships -- small ones by today's standards, but they looked pretty big to 10-or-so-year-old me on those occasions I got to go onboard. This was before computers were ubiquitous, so the loading plan had to be worked out *by hand*. In fact, one of my memories is my dad playing with his new home computer to see if he could write some software to help with the process. He never got particularly far with it -- it's actually a Hard Problem, and if he had, we'd be rich and all that. But I thought I'd share a childhood memory with the comments section anyway.
For non-mathematical folk, Hard Problem means NP-Complete, which essentially means that large versions of a Problem get too complex for computers to solve quickly. Container ship cargo layout looks like a variation of the Knapsack problem with more restrictions, and as such is NP-complete. The idea of "completeness" refers to the idea that, given enough analogy and translation, you can turn one type of problem into another in the same difficulty level. For context, cracking your bank's encryption, mining bitcoin, predicting the weather, and the entire field of logistics are all NP-complete. Since solving one NP-complete "quickly" means solving the others by an analogous method, such a solution would make you a trillionaire and simultaneously upend nearly every security measure in computing. Quantum computing potentially "solves" NP-complete, which is why people are researching it in the first place.
Clarification: That "analogy" is typically referred to as the Boolean Satisfiability problem. It's just converting a given type of problem to a series of true/false checks like 20+ Questions. If your problem can produce a yes/no answer, it probably can be converted. "NP" means non-polynomial time. Polynomial is to Non-Polynomial as the boardgame Battleship is to Chess. If every move opens up more possibilities, it's NP. We can only approximate NP-complete solutions, not guaranteed to get the best outcome.
@@adissentingopinion848 Great summary. I'm familiar(ish) with the field so it's hard (small h) for me to truly gauge, but this _feels_ like it's a good explanation for those not already familiar.
Not even a minute in, and they already doxxing a container ship.
How about this:
As of November 19, 2024, at 16:00 UTC, the MSC IRINA is in port at Gioia Tauro, Italy.
@@macmedic892how about now?
@@macmedic892 I'm calling the cops!
Sorry to nit pick, but in your Thumbnail Diagram, the Oxidizer would be stored on the opposite side of the ship, not above the flammable liquid cargo. That way, if the flammable liquid combusts, the flames don't travel up and interact with the Oxidizers. Also see IMDG, DOT, and IATA regs, preferably the 2024 editions but if you don't wanna spend money you can practice with a legacy version.
Nits are disease carriers, so pick away!
i study logistics in sweden so we have a dangerous cargo course. The one thing that surprised me is that Hay is not classified as dangerous cargo in the ADR-s book when transported on road, but if you transport if by sea its not allowed under any circumstances since its highly flammable and very hard to extinguish on the open ocean
french driver, hay in enclosed spaces is an adr, classed as an oxidizer because it produces flamable gasses, its usually why you see driven hay on an open bed and not in a trailer.
For anyone curious, at the time of release said ship is at Gioia Tauro port in Italy
0:04 Wow that Middle East debacle has everyone spooked about the Suez Canal 😂feel bad for Egypt
Correction - not the Suez canal but the Gulf of Aden, which is the gateway to the Suez canal and is currently terrorized by the Houthi terror group, which makes access to the Suez canal practically impossible, even though the canal itself is safe to use.
I bet that if somebody watches this video 10 years from now without remembering the current situation they will be totally baffled about why would somebody go around the continent instead of using the canal
Houthis are shooting cargo ships in solidarity with Hamas. That’s why they need to go around Africa instead like the old days. It’s contributing to rising prices.
@@taldru6 They'd probably assume it was during the time there was a ship stuck in the canal or something like that.
@@taldru6 i doubt conflict will end after ten years
@@taldru6that was my first question watching it now
One for the corrections video: the 20ft containers at 2:30 should be labelled quarter as container.
I was really disappointed the 40' wasn't "container" to set up the "half as container" joke :(
This is such a good video and topic, very entertaining & very nerdy and half as container
Thanks Sam Ben Adam & Animators
he missed the chance to call the 20 foot containers "quarter as container" 2:30
I was really confused why you had an ad at the end, but finally realized I accidentally watched it on TH-cam instead of Nebula!
4:49 WHO WROTE THAT
here before a ship captain makes a video bunking this and showing he just organized them and properly delivered them
And as with almost all complicated puzzles. A computer from the 80's that somehow still works probably handles this sorting problem.
And it's probably written in FORTRAN and there's one dude in his 60s who's about to retire who still knows how the whole thing works.
My dad actually works with stuff like this. He even has a certificate for arranging transportation for hazardous materials, although he says it's more of a hassle than it's worth.
Oh ship, new vid!
You should have had a segment for the breakbulk shipments, that is even more fascinating for the planning and logistics aspect of container shipping.
-someone who works for project cargo in one of the top liners.
As someone currently studying to be a ships engineers i love this video
Hold it right there Sam!
At 1:44, when your showing the container loading charts, the top number (348808) is misplaced. It shows 3488*06*s place, 3488*08* is one spot to the right of it. Looking forward to seeing this on the next "correcting another years worth of HAI oopsies" 😁
Loving your videos and looking forward to the next season of Jet Lag!
Now, on with the video!
Vessel planner for a stevedore company here, this video is spot on kudos Sam!
3:05 where's los angelos?
Literally unwatchable. smh my head
Just north of san digo.
thank you so much for covering this topic! i was writing a mafia AU fanfic and needed the characters to locate a stolen object inside a shipping container at a port, but i could never quite connect the logistics behind how they would track down where it is. much thanks HAI!!!
Jet Lag challenge idea: Load a container ship and sail it from Seattle to Singapore without it sinking.
We just visited about a dozen of the top bars in singapore and absolutely loved Fura (plus opposite Native, making it a very simple hop over to the next). One of our favourite cocktails of the whole trip was in Sago House, but they change the menu weekly! It was the thai style one called Gaeng Som and absolutely wonderful.
The acronym was created by Chekov, the W stands for wessel
20' and 40' containers while being the most common are not the only ones. 45' and 30' are also quite widespread, and tanktainers often come in sizes of 22'-26' (they fit into a 20' slot however protrude either on one or both sides so you'll need to keep that space empty).
the animations on this were awesome
fun fact, Avocado is probably one of the most annoying thing to move since they need a very special container with a fail proof refrigeration since they need to be transported at a very spesific tempeture. Hence why so many smuggles hide drugs in refrigeration units in Avocado containers since its almost never checked since its very much rare for it to fail
its like an excel sheet but on steroids.
feels like a wedding seating plan tbh
Whoever is mixing the audio can we please turn town the music. I don’t mind him talking fast, but it’s hard to understand because the music is distracting. This hasn’t been an issue in the past. 😢
The rise in distracting music over clips has been used to evade copyright, but you guys do so much work by making all of your own content.
The worst trend to develop on TH-cam because of just how pervasive it is.
I've seen so many complaints about the music, but I can hear him just fine
@@TheAechBomb Depends on your environment and how well you hear.
On top of that, I just really have to ask, what does it add? It's extra work, potentially extra licensing fees, for what? The narration is what's important, so if the background music is noticeable or distracting so that it makes it harder to hear the narration, then it's a problem. But if it's not noticeable, then what's the point of having it there in the first place?
On the pros/cons scale, to me it just seems to be almost entirely cons with few pros.
Seconded
Should the half-sized containers be QUARTER as container? 🤔
The 3d models were insanely good!
Great video, Sam of HAI, Son of Sam of Wendover Productions
Im studying first year of seafaring atm! Its actually quite fun
4:09 Considerably more upside down than desired is crazy LUL
I can’t imagine doing this without computers
It used to take a week to load cargo, now it takes a day (even if its much larger boat than anything that existed before 1900).
Wait! Sam at half as interesting, the shirts can still be salvaged. You can just make them say "loading container ships is NOT as easy as tetris" problem solved!
0:52 Actually, those containers aren't rectangles. Rectangles are 2 dimensional shapes, but containers are 3 dimensional. The correct term is rectangular prism or cuboid.
Erm actually
You don’t get outside very often do you?
@@royce9018 Lol it’s just something that HAI jokes about in a yearly video about insignificant mistakes they made in videos of that year.
whoever put "I'm lazy okay" for illegal weapons... this up vote is for you!
Puffin shaped like muffins traveling over the bright blue sea. (My mom still likes to recite that nursery rhyme on occasion.)
id buy one of those t shirts sam
3:16 would this even be possible? the ship would be stopping between Los Angeles and Oakland, two US ports. Wouldn’t that mean they need to be US registered or am I misunderstanding that one maritime law
Yes, it would, and there are a fair few US-registered container ships, they just tend to be expensive compared to the international standard
The vessel could have fully unloaded at Los Angeles and then go to Oakland to load. This would as far as I know, not violate the Jones Act.
The intro instantly called to mind Ze Frank: "these puffins got some stuffin' for your puffin muffin". Highly recommended.
There needs to be a tetris variant based off of this.
As of November 19, 2024, at 16:00 UTC, the MSC IRINA is in port at Gioia Tauro, Italy.
Love your videos
I'd like to request more Drill & Blast. When is the album releasing Sam?!
the physical copies are being shipped to Los Angelos, but I would not hold my breath that they will arrive. I believe Sam put a container full of explosive muffins next to the D&B one and chose the route near to Somalian pirates to test his theory
That count-von-count joke caught me off guard lmao
yay HAI posted
0:51 A correction for your corrections video. You said that the industry needs to move rectangles. But rectangles are 2D shapes. Shipping containers are 3D so they would be rectangular prisms.
Point of order: We'd absolutely buy those shirts.
For the mistakes video, around 0:38, you said "International Standards Organisation"; ISO, after Greek "isos" for "equal", they settled on ISO because "International Organisation of Standardisation" would've caused confusion if transalated, e.g. French becomes OIN. IOS is how you "say" it (in English) but it's written ISO :)
How does this affect the distribution of oven fired bricks in Paraguay?
The 3D graphics are something else.
Keep on keeping on 👍
finally a new container ship video to fuel my hyperfixation
Sam doing yet another video on bricks.
As a nerd who remembers a lot of physics from high school, I can confirm that the weight stuff sounds crazy complicated
We want longer form content!
Those shirts though. Sam. You know you need to make them.
Another really important factor in all of this is that shipping things is charged by weight, so clients are rewarded for lying and claiming their containers are far lighter than they really are. Very few ports/countries have the resources to manually weigh every single thing. Investigations have shown that a good percentage of lost containers and accidents are because of this kind of weight fraud. Like this video shows, one overly-heavy container can topple a whole bay like dominoes.
Your jokes are way too good.
6:30 missed opportunity to label 20ft containers "half as container" and 40ft ones "thick as container"
Didn't expect an Arrested Development reference in HaI, but here we are!
Would you like to know more? There's a nice channel called Casual Navigation that touches on Container ships that... Lose containers into the ocean and 'why' they might fall off the ship in the 1st place. They have a few videos on the topic, all of them are around 6-8 minutes long XD
"That's not what the periodic table looks like..."
It has the elements at least.
Imo this is one of the best ai applications
2:34 🤣🤣🤣 STEW 🍲
Season 2 of The Wire low key teaches this container coordinate system.
This video feels like it ended 3 minutes too early! I want to know how they optimize it! What algorithm do they use? Did it ever happen that a perfect loadout wasn't possible and they had to make sacrifices? I have so many questions left!
The 20ft containers not being "Quarter as Container" is a missed opportunity
I feel like they missed a pun there with the "Half as Container" making it "Quarter as Container" or something,
Overly complicated universal systems that are completely reliant on continued growth ... Nothing could ever possibly go wrong!
4:02 Ben, poor Ben
im experiencing sudden spike of headache and now left side of my neck is feeling painful. getting chills fever coming over the past few hours
The video is very interesting. Thanks. What I miss in this video is how they actually decide which container gets where as there are so many factors/criterias to consider. Of course they have computers but nevertheless: What's the algorhythm?
The music is superfluous (it's not MTV, is it?)
Well I guess I have to start a Puffin Shaped Muffin Factory (PSMF) now.....obviously...sigh, thanks Sam.
Someone could make a video game that's just about organizing ships and sending them out
I always wondered how they lock together and not fall off.
Various locking devices can go into the holes on the corners to attach containers together or to the ship itself.
@ Thanks
I'm truly disappointed that Sam didn't ship his correspondent Amy in a container ship so we could get some firsthand footage of being inside a container. What's the state of reporting even coming to these days?
I think he should take sams innocence
Well someone had fun in Blender making this
Missed an opportunity to write "Half as container" on the small containers and "Full as container" on the big ones
Bananas. One of the tricker things to ship.
2:07 are the bay numbers that are multiples of four skipped to ensure that the full-lenght containers have even numbers and half-containers odd, or is there another reason there?
Definitely missed half as container jokes regarding sizes^^
so what happens if they remove one of the containers at the bottom? do the coordinates for the containers on top of it change?
What are containers but just giant metal bricks?… Which brings up the question how many bricks can a ship carry before it would sink?
The MSC arena is "said to contain" containers.
2:18 Should have been Half as Container and then two Quarter as Container. It would make sense.
You could have salvaged the "W" in your "S.T.E.W." acronym by pronouncing "vessel" like Walter Koenig in Star Trek IV, "Wessel".
Well, a youth spent playing Tetris wouldn't have hurt if you want to be a container ship load planner.