52st TOPIK II Exam. 제52회 한국어능력시험 기출문제 토픽2. 韓国語能力試験

52st TOPIK II Exam. 제52회 한국어능력시험 기출문제 토픽2. 韓国語能力試験
Korean - this is a rather peculiar language, close to the Japanese, Chinese, the languages ??of Ancient India, the Urals, Altai.
60 million people speak and write on it. And although the language itself more than three thousand years, writing only appeared in
the middle of the XV century, and the norms of spelling and the literary norm were approved only in the XX. To quickly learn how
to write in Korean, you need to have at least a minimal understanding of Chinese. And also to study the literature on history
1
It is necessary to internalize the logic of the Korean language and its difference from the Indo-European languages.
According to one version, King Sejong believed that it was necessary to give the true representation of reading the Chinese
characters. But the scientists took into account not only the experience of Mongolian and Uighur letters, but also developed
their original phonological system. Therefore, the Korean language formula is literary Chinese, plus the logic of neighboring
languages, plus its own innovations. For example, Korean phonetics assumes that the syllable is divided into two parts, and three:
the beginning, middle and end. Ancient scientists attributed this phonetic division to the elements, and this, of course, is close
to Chinese philosophy.
2
After the basis is mastered, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the Korean and Chinese languages. In parallel
with Hangul, the original Korean alphabet, the Koreans actively used Chinese writing until the beginning of the 20th century.
There were many Chinese words in the letter, so a system of mixed hieroglyphic-letter letters arose. Chinese characters are for
borrowed terms, and Korean letters for verbal endings, immutable particles and Korean words. The same confusion is in the lexicon:
it is a dual system of primordial Korean and Sino-Korean words. For example, in modern Korean there are two "sets" of numerals.
Sometimes they are interchangeable, and sometimes mutually exclusive, and these subtleties must be known.
3
Perhaps the most difficult to learn is the spelling and literary norms of written Korean. They were approved not so long ago:
in 1933 the Korean Language Society. And if the orthography of the XV century was based on the principle of one letter - one
phoneme, now one morpheme (the minimal significant unit of language) may sound differently, but it should be written equally.
For example, the Korean word "caps" ("price") may sound like "cap" or "com". In most cases, a journal article or blog on is a
mix of Chinese and Korean script, and the ratio can be 50 to 50. Bài kiểm tra trình độ thông thạo tiếng Hàn