Temperature Regulation in Reptiles

Unlike aquatic animals, terrestrial animals may face tempera-
ture extremes (265 to 70°C) that are incompatible with life.
Temperature regulation, therefore, is important for animals
that spend their entire lives out of water. Most reptiles use
external heat sources for thermoregulation and are therefore
ectotherms. Brooding Indian pythons, however, can use met-
abolic heat to increase body temperature. Female pythons
coil around their eggs and elevate their body temperature
as much as 7.3°C above the air temperature using metabolic
heat sources.
The ability to regulate body temperature was also pres-
ent in many dinosaurs. Recent studies suggest that at least
some dinosaurs were mesothermic. These dinosaurs could
raise body temperature metabolically, but they did not main-
tain higher internal temperatures for long periods of time.
Strict endothermy would be energetically costly for a large
reptile like Tyrannosaurus. In all likelihood, an endothermic
Tyrannosaurus would not have been able to find enough
food to prevent starvation.
Some reptiles can survive wide temperature fluctuations
(e.g., 22 to 41°C for some turtles). To sustain activity, how-
ever, body temperatures are regulated within a narrow range,
between 25 and 37°C. If that is not possible, the reptile usu-
ally seeks a retreat where body temperatures are likely to
remain within the range compatible with life.

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