Directional Control Valves (Hydraulic & Pneumatic): Types, Mechanism, Actuating Method, Applications
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In this video, we're going to answer the following questions:
- Is there a difference between a Spool Valve and a Directional Control Valve?
- What is a Directional Control Valve?
We will also talk about:
- Directional Control Valve Types such as Sliding Valves and Poppet Valves
- Hydraulic valve types
- Pneumatic valve types
- Directional Control Valve actuation methods and symbols
As the first step, we can classify the valves from their ‘Function’ aspect or in other words, the task they perform. Our functional classification includes:
- Non-return valves like check valves
- Flow control valves
- Pressure valves like pressure regulating valves
- Directional control valves like spool valves
In both Pneumatic and Hydraulic systems, valves are fallen into the same categories. But despite the same functional categories, it does not mean that a Hydraulic directional control valve and a Pneumatic directional control valve of the same types are interchangeable.
That is due to the different characteristics of different control media in Pneumatic and Hydraulic systems. Different characteristics of compressed air and hydraulic fluid will affect the size, operating pressure of the valve, and lots of other elements.
Next, we will focus on Directional Control Valves and classify them from the design aspect.
👉 Watch: 5/2-way Solenoid Valve Explained ▶ upmation.com/directional-cont...
I’ll consider two subcategories for Directional Control Valves:
- The first one is the Poppet Valves
- The second is the Slide Valves
Poppet valves have different types depending on the type of closing element that has been used in them.
Slide valves have also three different types:
- Spool Valves (Sliding Spool Valves and Rotary Spool Valves)
- Longitudinal Flat Slide Valves (Slide Gate Valves)
- Plate Slide Valve or Rotary Plate Valve
Be aware to don’t confuse a rotary plate valve with a rotary spool valve. In the rotary spool valves, the holes in the spool and the ports on the housing will circumferentially match. But in Plate Slide Valves, the ports, and the holes match with each other axially.
There are various actuation methods to switch the position of a Directional Control Valve:
- Manual actuation of the valve (normal lever, detent lever, pushbutton, etc.)
- Mechanical actuation of the valve (manual override, roller operated valve, spring return, etc.)
- Electrical actuation of the valve (solenoid valves)
- Hydraulic actuation
-Pneumatic actuation
- Pilot actuation or indirect actuation of the valve (pilot operated directional control valves or two-stage valves)
- Hybrid actuation
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Timestamps of this video:
00:00 Valves Categories (Valve Function, Valve Design, Actuation Methods)
01:00 Pneumatic Valve Types and Hydraulic Valve Types
02:02 Directional Control Valve Types
02:48 Poppet Valves (as a Directional Control Valve)
03:17 Slide Valves (as a Directional Control Valve)
03:29 Spool Valves (Sliding Spool Valve & Rotary Spool Valve)
04:32 Longitudinal Flat Slide Valve (Slide Gate Valve)
05:14 Rotary Plate Valve
06:05 Hydraulic & Pneumatic Valves Classification
06:40 Directional Control Valve Actuator Types
08:15 Solenoid Valves (Solenoid Actuated Directional Control Valve)
09:16 Pilot Operated Valve
10:08 Directional Control Valve Symbols (Actuation)
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@@Upmation But please can you place the "JOIN" button beside the "SUBSCRIBE" button on your channel so that we can contribute to sustain this (our) channel? Thanks.
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Hi :) Could you explain how the hydraulic actuation works? I am trying to understand the P&ID of an HPU with a hydraulic directional control valve linked to a Steering pump. There is also a boost pump bringing the oil from the tank to the main pump which is in a closed loop system...
Hi there! Yes, this is a good idea. We will consider it in our list. Thanks!
thanks Sir
You're very welcome!
Mantap
Could you please explain how we can understand the working of any particular machine by looking to its hydraulic circuit diagram .
We'll try to publish a video on a hydraulic or pneumatic practical real-world example. Thank you for your suggestion!
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Noted! Thank you for your suggestion.
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