Statistics 101: Single Sample Hypothesis Z-test Concepts
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 25 มี.ค. 2013
- Statistics 101: Single Sample Hypothesis z-test - Part 1
Part 1: Conceptual Background
Part 2: Example Problems
Part 3: The Alpha Effect and p-values
In Part 1 of this video, we discuss the basics of single sample hypothesis testing when we know or are given the population standard deviation. For this type of test, we are comparing a sample mean to a hypothesized population mean. We examine the rejection region, nonrejection region, and the critical values that separate them. Finally, we learn to compute the z-statistic. Enjoy!
My playlist table of contents, Video Companion Guide PDF documents, and file downloads can be found on my website: www.bcfoltz.com
![[LIVE] ใครคุยเรื่องบอล "พ่องตาย" #คุยให้เด็กมันฟัง EP.43 (13/7/67)](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/8bHYL8RuBqs/mqdefault.jpg)
Mr. Foltz, this labor of love that you have created is invaluable. I cannot thank you enough for all you are doing to present a very digestable and understandable modality for comprehension of very abstract and non-intuitive content. The field of statistics is so very valuable, yet what goes on under the hood has been reserved for a very select group of dedicated scholars. I cannot thank you enough for creating these video tutorials. You are a gifted educator and have left both a priceless contribution and a significant legacy of amazing instruction; broadening the field of accessibility for future students of statistics. THANK YOU!!!!!
couldn't have said it better myself. you deserve all our gratitude, Mr. Brandon
Beautifully said. Mr. Foltz has been gifted with divine capabilities
You are doing an amazing job, Brandon!! Please never stop!! On-line learning with the right professors are the best!! ...especially for adults who more often than not, drag themselves to a university classroom to sit in a classroom for an hour, coming out a little more informed or confused than before he or she went in. You can pause the video at any moment to reflect on the information. You can replay the lecture over and over!!
WAKE UP UNIVERSITIES AND STOP ROBBING THE STUDENTS!!!
Watching in 2022. Thanks Brandon. This video is a life saver and a game changer. God bless you.
I cannot express my gratitude enough, omg! Thank you!!!! I've been watching all your Hypothesis Testing videos and I am now confident that I pass my exam next Thursday. I'm going to just make sure to repeat your videos until I understand the concepts well! but with your explanations I am more convinced I will pass the class, I will pass thanks to you! I wish you were my professor for every class I take !! :(
Watching it after 10 years, still worth it.
your positivity and clear voice really add to the great clear explanations!
Thank you SO much for posting these videos. I (as a terribly struggling statistics student) greatly appreciate you breaking everything down into not just the formula, but why it is so. All thumbs up from me!
Beautifully explained. Made it so simple to understand. Grateful!
stats major here and i really love these videos. lecturers in school are teaching off textbooks that just make these concepts more complicated than it is. than you brandon!!
Thank you so much for making this video! Saving my life during finals week!
1) So viewers can make sure its what they want, 2) fast-forward makes it easily skip-able, and 3) connection and encouragement go a very long way for a lot of people.
You are the best! I skipped a class because I work and this video bridged the gap! Thank you so much!
omg it's finals week right now and that pep talk at the beginning of the video just about made my day and helped me destress a little. Thank you so much! i loved the video ^_^
Thank you so much Mr Foltz. I have been struggling with my first module on statistic as I am studying via correspondence. These videos have really helped me!
Lara-Anne Derbyshire Thank you Lara-Anne! Glad to be of help. Hang in there you can do it. Best, B.
how to get z critical value as 1.96 from z table?
in z table no value crosses 1.plz send me the link how to get?
Hi. Brandon. Im a Community medicine MSc undergraduate. I use your videos most of the time. I think you are doing a huge service. I wish your success. Post more videos also. Thank you from #SriLanka
you are wonderful Mr.Foltz thank you so much
.
Must appreciate your lectures...
and pace
.
Thank you
.
Just want to stop by and say thank you again for taking the time to make these wonderful instructional videos. I have learned so much, especially from your videos.
THANKYOU!!! You probably get tired of hearing this, but your videos are amazing.. my professor is great, but he fell flat on the test of hypothesis chapter.... you are saving me final grade. Bless you
Hello! The critical value in this case is the value our z-score (test statistic) must be beyond to reject the null hypothesis. Think of it as a "threshold for rejection." The p-value is the probability beyond our test statistic. So for a one-tailed test, if our alpha level / significance level was 0.05 (5%), and our test statistic fell right on the critical value, then the p-value would be 0.05 because that is the probability beyond the critical value. (cont.)
awesome lectures. this one really helped me with my exam prep. Thank you so much.God bless
I am from Illinois PhD student at (SIU). I really appreciate this generous effort. keep going
Fantastic explanation of this concept! It finally clicked watching this video.
This is an amazing Math channel! Thankk you so much for creating this !
Thank you very much for this video Mr Foltz. Its very helpful for me while studying my Quantitative Techniques in M.com
If our test statistic is beyond the critical value, then the p-value would be less than 0.05 because there is less area/probability beyond that point. If the test statistic is inside the critical value, then the p-value would be larger than 0.05. So think of a doorway. The door threshold is the critical value. If you (the test statistic) stand exactly in the doorway, p=.05. If you go beyond the doorway, p less than .05 (reject null). If you stay on this side of the door, p greater than .05.
This is a life saver. I wish you were my teacher. mine doesnt understand how to teach. Thank you. Your the first video i saw that explained that you use the confidence to get the Critical value
Thank you! I am sure your teacher means well. It's hard work...lol :) Hang in there! - B
Such great videos! Thank you so much. Your videos are the best.
You are the best!!!!
Thank you so much!!! I don't have enough words to say thank you to you, this videos changed my life and my grades.
Your videos are being watched in the oldest city of the world ❤️ we love you sir. God bless you
Sir! You are a marvellous teacher and educator!
Thank you Thank you Thank you!!!!! :) I am sure I will pass this course with the help of your videos!
Thank you Brandon. As always, you are the best..
Thank You very much Dear professor, Really you are the super professor I have seen ever.
many thanks, you are doing a great job
fantastic approach!
Why do I pay tuition for half assed BS lectures that I don't learn anything from? Like this videos and this man alone tough me statistics. Not my professor who gets payed for it! Who shows up to class with zero interest, zero preparation and rambles on until half the class is a sleep because they're already lost 5mins into the lecture! I don't like to blame others for my bad grades, which I don't because I always find ways to learn the subject and get As, but it still boggles my mind how I learn and understand better from FREE youtube videos then I do from my professors who get all the money and credit. Sorry, I had to get that off my chest. I would just like to thank Brandon Foltz my true professor thanks a lot for what you've done. I can tell you put in a great deal of work into these videos and appreciate it all.
Thank you Mr. Foltz
amazing...... eassy to understand the errors thank you so much for these vedio keep on going....... 😍
Thank you for the encouraging words. So great.
Again Thanks for best content...
hahaha just started an online statistics class to prepare for real college. Im excited but I have a headache now lol thanks for taking time out of your day to do this for us people!
you are lifesaver. Thank you very much for your stats videos
Many thanks from Britain
thank God for these videos!!!!
You are amazing!
great work
Thank you!
very nice explanation. you're much better than my college professor.
great explanation Brandon :)
Hola señor Brandon! my professor has a postdoc and they are not able to explain this as well as you do. Thank you!!
Great Videos
Very helpful video
awesome video
Thank you sir
Great!! I understand now, thank you :)
You are welcome! You had it in you the whole time. :) All the best, B.
You saved me ;-; Thank you
how to get z critical value as 1.96 from z table?
in z table no value crosses 1.plz send me the link how to get?
thanx millions brandon
Franglais Film Thank you so much a million times in return for watching and making the effort to learn. Hang in there! Best, B.
Thank you so much, I have some question, If the data is not normally distributed, which test should we use
Dear Mr. Foltz,
Please refer to time 9:13 of video. In the last point you have mentioned "It is always good to check the sample data for normality; better safe than sorry.
What if the sample data not normal? Is normality of sample data a prerequisite to carry out the hypothesis test? Please elaborate.
Regards,
Sushant
Hello.
In what videos previously did you talk about the standar error of the mean?
Great
17.07 needs a correction I guess " sample mean to be inside the non-critical region". Thanks very much Brandon !
Wishing You long-life
Hi Brandon, thanks for providing us with the App information by RealXY App. I have it installed on my phone and it is so very convenient. However, under "Table" there is no option for finding "Z-Critical Values. There are Chi-Square, F, Normal Standard and Student's t. Is there another App I can use to find z-critical values? It is so very convenient having an App on my phone.
Thank you for all you are doing, words cannot explain my appreciation!!
i like this guy
I get it,
Test statistics is just measure the actual sample mean is how far away from hypothesis' mean, to know the hypothesis mean is still right or not.
Love the quote! #nontraditionalstudent
What if our sample's mean is on the critical value. Do we say the test is inconclusive or we just fail to reject ?
i dont know if he goes on this later but the assumption of normality @ 30 can be wayyyyyyy off. it depends on the population distribution but if it is highly skewed like an exponential it could take 500+. like an exponential is not gonna become normal at 30. also and this is super imp it depends on the parameter under investigation. the means are pretty simple large enough sample and you can use clt but if you are making an inference on std dev it is extremely sensitive to skew and you probably wont be able to use ttest and in those cases you are going to have to use a resampling technique.
It would be great if the ppt from the video was downloadable, just to have something to print rather than taking notes for each silde.
Vid was very helpful! Thanks.
You can take screenshots and print it out.
At 17:25, why is the Z score calculate using the standard error? I read that you divided by the population standard deviation. Could someone clarify this for me please?
How would we calculate risk and benefits of Astrazeneca Covid vaccine? Everyone is explaining benefits with incidences of events, but no one has presented a paper with a null and alternative hypotheses, using e.g. a two tailed t- or z-test, and actually reject or fail to reject the null.
thumbs up
Brandon, I love these videos. I just wish I could figure out what the order is. I feel like I'm throwing darts when I try to get to the right video in the overall narrative.
Hello! Just go to my channel page and view by playlist. They are all sorted by topic sequence at the playlist level and internally. Thanks for watching! - B
OK. I see it. Thanks. One more question...There is a PL01 and a PL03, but I don't see a PL02 (Descriptive Statistics I). Am I missing it? Thanks again.
Valentine Michael Smith Hey i just noticed that as well, did you figure out what the link between PL01 and PL03 was?
Brandon, could you please help me with the exact order...I am struggling as I cannot see PL02 and so on...!!!
Valentine Michael Smith Tristan Dry ...did you figure out the order in which one needs to go through the videos...?? Please let me know and the weblink (url) to the videos too..!!
what is the relationship between P-value and critical value?
I love you
I didn't understand where come from the values for Z=|1.96|, I hope to get some help on that.
Thanks a lot, you answered my question above on your next video Z-Test example.
thank you T_T
Hi Sir, how can i contact you, i have many questions about statistic, i have exam and i need help
95% of the world are grateful to you because they can't afford textbooks.
It would be helpful if you told people how to find the critical value -_-
Update!! I found the z-critical under Standard Normal. What got me initially is that it calculates 2-tail, rather than one. So the probability entry is 1-(alpha/2).
Brandon why is this video so long.
If you speed the video, he sounds like Kermit the frog
Dude, get on with it. Why do you need a 2 minute intro?