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Intro to Classic XC Skiing (Part 1): Characteristics of Classic Cross-Country Skis
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 23 พ.ย. 2020
- In this introduction to my series of videos about classic cross-country skiing, I cover key elements of traditional xc skis. Primarily, I discuss the grip zone of a classic xc ski and how it relates to the ski’s camber. These two elements, the grip zone and a cross-country skis' pronounced camber, set cross-country skis apart from other types of skis. And, the relationship between the grip zone and camber inform our body movement so that we may efficiently and effectively travel across snow.
Between discussion and commentary about classic cross-country skis, I also include demonstrations of diagonal striding (with an emphasis on the push-off phase).
You’ll hear me say it many times, but classic cross-country skiing is deceptively complex. The reason I say this is due to the subtle marriage between cross-country ski gear and technique. So this introduction isn’t necessarily a how-to video but, rather, an informational piece that lays the groundwork for future tutorials. Without a basic understanding of the geometry and characteristics of an xc ski (and how they work together), it’s difficult to learn proper diagonal striding technique.
* Please note that I include accurate subtitles/closed captions for all of my videos, so if you're having a difficult time hearing me enable the "CC" option (bottom right of video player).
** You can change the speed of the video (slower/faster) by accessing the "Playback Speed" option via the settings gear icon (bottom right corner of the video player).
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Please note that I produced my series of articles and videos tagged “Cross-Country Skiing Explained” with the beginner or intermediate cross-country skier in mind. Therefore, I don’t intend to address racing-oriented philosophy, technique, or gear selection.
Classic Cross-Country Ski Components:
Introduction to Classic Cross-Country Skis (Part 1)
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Geometry of Classic Cross-Country Skis (Part 2)
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The Grip Zone of Classic Cross-Country Skis (Part 3)
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Types of Bindings for Classic Cross-Country Skiing (Part 4)
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Ski Boots for Classic Cross-Country Skiing (Part 5)
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Classic Cross-Country Ski Poles (Part 6)
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FAQs about Classic Cross-Country Skiing
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Waxing Your “Waxless” Cross-Country Skis (for beginner and intermediate xc skiers):
Introduction to Waxing Your Waxless XC Skis
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Step-by-Step Waxing Tutorial
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Considerations for buying cross-country ski gear (new and beginner xc skiers):
Buying Cross-Country Ski Gear, for Beginners (Part 1)
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Buying Cross-Country Ski Gear, for Beginners (Part 2)
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I've produced this collection of articles and videos about backcountry travel and exploration with the beginner and intermediate adventurer in mind. This is the demographic for whom I most often served while working in the Lake Tahoe outdoor recreation industry. In essence, these informational projects I create and publish are extensions of the many conversations we've had over the years.
Please note that, although I encourage you to venture out of your comfort zone, you need to know your limits and when to turn back. Tahoe Trail Guide and its contributors are not liable for property loss or damage, personal injury, or death. Always consult multiple sources when venturing into the backcountry. Always be prepared for the worst case scenario. Your safety is your responsibility.
Copyright © 2020 Jared Manninen
For more information, visit…
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Hi Jared, I actually recently purchased the same Fischer Excursion 88s that you showed in this video. I'm also new to cross-country skiing, and this video was very helpful. I'll have to be more mindful and make sure I'm fully engaging the grip zone.. Looking forward to your future videos on the subject!
Glad I could be of service, Alex! And thank you for the kind words :)
I've enjoyed my Excursions for the few years that I've had them. They're wide enough to use in deeper snow, but not so wide that they're hard to track straight on firm snow.
It definitely seems like the demand is there for information, so I'm going to work on producing a lot of xc ski related videos this winter. I totally appreciate you tuning in! And always feel free to ask me any questions about cross-country skiing :)
I go back and watch these each year when I get out skiing. They really help. Thank you.
Wow, that's very cool! Thank you so much :)
Believe it or not, I periodically watch my older videos too. haha! Mostly it's a way for me to self-evaluate to see how I've improved and what things I could work on to become a better xc skier.
Let me know if you ever have any questions. I'd be more than happy to offer any feedback!
I finally bought my XC gear at a FANTASTIC deal. I am rewatching all your How-to- technique videos, so I will be prepared and be ahead of the game when the first snow falls here in Michigan's UP. If it wasn't for you and binge watching your videos that one day, I never would have been bitten by the XC bug. I THANK YOU!
Thanks so much for such a nice comment! So glad I can provide you with some inspiration (and information) to get out there on xc skis :) Let me know if you have any specific questions about technique or anything. I'll do my best to answer them as thoroughly as possible.
I'm looking forward to this coming season, as well. It's been pretty warm here in Tahoe for most of the summer, so I'm looking forward to the cooler temperatures (and snow!). I think I'm going to have to do some sport specific exercise come fall to get back into shape. I tend to slip in July/August regarding consistent exercise because my summer job tends to be really busy during those months (and totally consuming - haha). But it's all good.
Anyway, thanks again for all of your support. I really appreciate it!
Jared I cannot get over how helpful and informative your videos have been for me. I just got my Rossignol Cross Country skis on 12-17-2021 and took them to a local park the next day just to practice star-turns and get a feel for them. Oh boy I am using a totally different set of muscles that I didn't think existed! What a workout! I think I'll stick to local parks until I feel my skis are part of me and get my boots broken in (my feet were killing me!). Again thank you so much for your videos. They have been so helpful!!
Hey Jorde!
Thanks so much for the positive feedback! So glad you're finding value in my work and using it enhance your outdoors experience :)
I finally started working at my winter cross-country ski resort job this past weekend and, even though I've already logged a number of days on skis, I have some sore legs too. haha! It is different when xc skiing off-trail compared to keeping a consistent pace on groomed terrain. When I'm skiing off-trail I find that I don't have nearly as consistent a rhythm (as groomed skiing) so it uses different muscles -- a mix of diagonal striding, walking, and more herringbone technique (going up) and more snowplowing (coming down). Then, on groomed terrain I mostly just use the same diagonal stride movement, and do more step/skate turns coming downhill. Groomed skiing, I find, is more streamlined. But, again, both engage all those muscles!
Anyway, thanks again for tuning in. Keep getting out and having some winter adventures!
Thank you Jared! I have been looking for a series like this since 2012! I grew up near the Atlantic coast and used to surf. Then I moved about a thousand miles away to a place near the end of the Carpathians and wanted something to replace the surfing. I go hiking when there's no snow and snowshoeing when there is but on snowshoes, a long gentle descent makes me want to ski. None of my friends are into cross country or back country so I've been teaching myself, which is a painful process!
Nobody here offers lessons because everybody learns in school as a kid, so immigrants like me end up bouncing off trees and forcing the locals to dive for cover. The technical detail you're explaining about how the skis work and the techniques for getting the best out of them is just what I've been looking for. Happy trails, mate!
Hey Jeff,
Thanks for the kind words and feedback :) Sounds like you've had quite an interesting cross-country skiing experience thus far!
I always hope that I don't offer too much dry, technical stuff, but the reality is that xc skis are quite specific. So if you're not familiar with the theory of how they were designed to work, it can be super frustrating to figure them out. I'm really glad you've been finding my videos helpful. So long as there's snow (here in Tahoe) this winter, I'll continue to produce them.
Thanks again for the fun story, and I hope you find success out on the trails!
So I am catching up with all your videos. I wish I had watched this video years ago. Of course, I see that you released it about 2 years ago. I probably would have chosen my skis better and enjoyed my skiing more over the past 20 years. Thanks again! By the way, I posted this video (and others) in a Facebook group for nordic skiing - with credit to you of course. I am Vice-President of the Cayuga Nordic Ski Club here in upstate New York. We struggled over the past 2 years with the pandemic and now the club officers are working hard to rejuvenate the club.
Hey Jennifer!
Thanks again for the kind words. I really appreciate the feedback, and I'm glad to be of service 🤗
I also appreciate you going through my backlog of videos. I treat many of them as evergreen projects that are useful any time. But, realistically, I've only been finding my rhythm with making them these past couple years. So, it is what it is and there's no going back I'm time. As much as we'd all like to for one reason or another 😉 But you've found them now and can benefit from them moving forward ☺️
And thanks for sharing my videos. I totally appreciate that!
I think many clubs, orgs, and groups have been picking up the pieces from the past two years. I know I've changed some habits (for better and worse), but life goes on and we all have the power to make good changes. I wish you well in rejuvenating your club. Sounds like a great endeavor!
Again, thanks for tuning in and for all of the generous feedback.
Greetings from Southern Sweden. Excellent, very informative video. Looking forward to watching your next episodes. Thank you!
Thanks so much for the kind words :) Glad you're enjoying the xc ski videos. I hope you're having a wonderful winter!
I started xc skiing last season for the first time. I basically just got skis and went out there after watching a few videos. After 2 months of not fully getting it, I watched one of your videos and THAT made me say « now I get it! »
Especially watching you go back and forth!
Hey Dina,
Thanks for the kind words, and so glad I could be of service :)
It's definitely a wonderful feeling to progress beyond a basic shuffle motion to something more efficient and dynamic. As I always say, though, classic xc skiing is deceptively complex. But once you "get it" then you can begin to refine your technique even more leading to longer ski sessions with less effort. That is, until you challenge yourself even more by traveling higher into the mountains and further and faster across the meadows. haha :)
Again, thank you for watching and for the nice feedback!
Awesomeness glad to see more videos popping up!!!
As always, thanks for the feedback and kind words Tyler!
Yeah, I'm gonna give this TH-cam thing a go this winter by consistently publishing xc ski and snowshoe videos. They appear to resonate with a lot people, and they're super fun to make!
Very helpful in thinking about how skis are supposed to work, Thanks~
Hey Justin,
Thanks so much for the kind words, Justin!
Yeah, having an understanding of the ski's mechanics provides a starting point from which to figure out how to maneuver your body to drive the ski. Without that knowledge, a person runs the risk of performing a lot of trial and error that doesn't necessarily yield consistent forward movement.
Thanks for tuning in, and for posting your feedback. I appreciate it :)
Very informative and relevant, thank you much.
Thanks for watching. And thank you for the kind words :)
Let me know if you ever have any questions!
Great job with your videos! Can’t wait to try this!
Thanks, Sara :) I appreciate it!
Jared I had seen your videos some time ago and have been XC skiing quite a bit, in the harsh winters here in Alberta. I am coming back to watch your videos now which are so much enjoyable and now I find a new meaning to these with some knowledge I have built up by seeing different terrain and also trying (I mean owning :-) ) out a few different types of skis.
You are right in what you say - the sport is technical and complex. You need to watch out, learn and practice.
Thanks for these beautiful videos.
Hey Rahul,
So glad you're getting out and having fun! And I'm grateful for you returning to re-watch my videos.
My best friend recently began to study pottery making. In his first class the instructor pointed out that making pottery was "simple, but not easy." I always say that cross-country skiing is "deceptively complex," but I'm leaning toward also using that phrase since cross-country skiing as a concept is pretty simple (just put your weight on one ski in order to push off, and then glide!), but it's just not that easy to perform in real-life :)
And the more terrain and conditions in which you ski, the more information you gather in which to make more informed decisions (and actions). So, keep on doing what you're doing!
As always, thanks for contributing to the conversation :)
@@JaredManninen Good luck to your friend with pottery Jared. We need to support one another to make life's journey worthwhile. I am glad there are good people out there like you sharing your knowledge for other's benefit. Thanks again for all your kind words as well and I will be in touch with you.
@@rahulrane1658 Thank you! I'll pass along the well wishes to my friend :)
Thanks again for contributing to the conversation!
The 1st day I went out I noted how "bent over" I felt..which is not good 4 my back..I even mentioned it in 1 of the vids..im going to try to straighten up when I'm out next time..I hope to have something mastered by the time the snow leaves here. Thanx for producing this series! I'm sure the vids will help!
Again, thank you for the kind words! Glad I could be of service ☺️
Hello Jared I watched your video and I was hoping you were going to show how to use the poles... I'm also a beginner< thanks for the video
Hey Ramon,
Thanks so much for watching, and for the question :)
There are lots of moving parts when it comes to classic cross-country skiing, so I broke up most of those lessons into different videos (i.e. part 1, 2, 3...). But in my Intro to Classic XC Skiing (Part 6): Using Your XC Ski Poles While Diagonal Striding and Herringbone I do go into detail about how to incorporate poling into your xc skiing (see link).
th-cam.com/video/UZGHhU1hDUE/w-d-xo.html
Hope that helps and, again, thanks for tuning in. Let me know if you ever have any questions!
Nice Video, Jared. Well done!
Thank you! I appreciate it 🤗
Have you made a video on caring for skin skis? How often to clean the skins and how often to use skin care? Thanks for your time! Love your helpful videos!
Hey Carter,
Thanks so much for the kind words. Glad you're finding value in my videos 🤗
I haven't made a video yet about taking care of skins, but it's a great idea since so many manufacturers are offering some type of skin technology for the grip zone.
And it's probably going to be a little while before I do make one, but I'll put it on my list. In the meantime, the general answer to the question of how often is... it depends 😉 Essentially the skins are going to gather the same crud as the rest of the base and probably at a quicker rate since the material is so much more delicate. So if you're skiing through a lot of dirty snow, definitely clean and treat more often. I suspect if you're mostly running skins on fresh snow you could get away without doing anything to them for awhile. The cleaner helps free the skins up of all the junk they collect while the treatment can make the skins more hydrophobic so they don't ice up as much in wet-to-freezing conditions.
I don't run sin skis that often, but i do appreciate them the most in fresher snow that's been groomed and firmed up. And those conditions usually yield cleaner snow. It's the spring condition snow that really gunk those skins up.
Anyway, hope that helps in the short-term. Thanks again for the comment!
@@JaredManninen hey Jared my grandma was for some reason on my other account lol i was going through my gmail and im like "i commented on this?" anyway i watched some of your videos keep it up!
@@car-razor5477 That's so funny! And, I appreciate the nice feedback :)
I know from watching your vids that i'm pulling myself thru the snow instead of using my legs to move thru the snow..
Sounds like you're doing some quality self-evaluation. That's the best way to get better at anything as far as I can tell 👍
Hi, I love your videos. Because of the Covid I have dusted off my skis and I am enjoying daily outing in our local trails.
Because I am older, would backcountry skis be easier to balance on and not as slippery?
Thanks for the kind words :)
Not sure if your local trails are groomed or if they're just "socially groomed" trails (i.e. people laying their own tracks).
Either way, wider skis, in my opinion, don't necessarily equate to more stability or balance.
I agree that the skinniest skis, such as track skis that generally range in width between 40-50mm can definitely be challenging at first to balance on. But, on groomed or packed areas they're easier to manage with regard to edge control. Basically, it's a lot easier to negotiate firmer snow surfaces on a skinnier ski because it's much easier to engage the edges (to prevent slipping and shearing). But off-trail and in deep snow, those skinny skis are not very useful.
Very wide skis ranging between 85-125mm are difficult to manage on firm and packed snow conditions. Because they're so wide it takes a lot of effort to engage the edges on that firm snow. I find that they're really squirrely and slip and slide all over the place, at least when that firm snow has any type of glazing/iciness to it.
Medium width skis such as you'd find in ranges between about 50-85mm might be your best bet for achieving balance and edge control on more firm snow. But, if you're local trails are groomed, those tracks aren't any wider than 70mm, so skis between 50-65mm will still mostly fit in those tracks. Once you get close to that 70mm range, though, the skis will pinch in the tracks, particularly around corners. Here's a video that has some relevance to this topic th-cam.com/video/Dak-G7E0JKc/w-d-xo.html
Regardless of the width of your ski, learning proper body alignment (over the ski) and developing a sense of where your ski edges are will always be your best bet for remaining upright. In this video I talk a lot more about body position th-cam.com/video/p2dm32wBVP8/w-d-xo.html
If I was to recommend a specific width of xc ski for you, I'd probably say to choose one between 55-65mm. I find that skis in this width range hit the sweet spot as far as being manageable. They're wide enough that you're not walking a tightrope, yet skinny enough that you can still easily engage the edges.
Anyway, hope that helps!
@@JaredManninen Thank you, very helpful information. Have a great day.
@@nairmiller2658 You too!
BC XC skis are IMHO easier to ski on , easier to balance on and easier to make turns on.
@@MisterTMH Thanks for contributing to the conversation. Again, though, I don't find that one size fits all. Wide skis on firm snow is just as frustrating as skinny skis in deep snow. So, taking into consideration one's skills, the type of terrain on which they'll be skiing, and depth of snow they'll be facing is critical.
stuck here in winter might as well go skiing
I responded in length on the other comment :)
@@JaredManninen thanks jared for your lengthy advise .. very professional. maybe i just get some snow shoes and a winter camper and do northern wisc. or minn. and just go walking around in the snow. from what i can tell your season this season might be packed with people. take my situation for instance , a ton of people live in s e asia in winter but this winter we are stuck here . we cant even go to Canada . so i wonder of your ski trails will be packed with folk this winter
@@yogavnture1 No prob, Yogi. Glad I could be of service. Yes, most of us are bracing for the worst. However, we just went into full stay-at-home orders as of midnight last night (for the next three weeks), so we'll see. Because I've lived here so long, I kinda know how to avoid the madness though, so I'll be fine. Winter adventures, whether it's snowshoeing or xc skiing are all good. Honestly, at the tale end of last season when we first went into the stay-at-home phase, I invested in a better camera/lens system and dove into wildlife photography. I snowshoed a bunch just near my home and searched for as many birds and other critters as possible. I actually carried that into the summer, too, by doing a lot of non-traditional/off-trail hiking to look for wildlife (and avoid people). There's tons of ways to embrace the winter without needing a trail pass! Good luck!
@@JaredManninen THANKS! YOU THE MAN
"As I was." Did you spend time in the USMC?
Ha Ha 😁 Good catch! Yeah, USMC 1992-96 👍
I have a question. For some reason no one has or I can't find any video showing how to carry your XC skis and poles in your hands, without everything slipping around in your hands and arms and floundering all over the place. I experienced this when I bought my first XC gear while walking back to the car. I had this unnerving feeling that everyone was watching and laughing at me. :0 Please, help us newbies and others from this embarrassing experience from ever happening again.
Haha, yeah, it can be challenging to carry those springy skis! If you have track-oriented or skate skis, you can use the ski "ties" that attach to the tips and tails. There are some wide straps for more backcountry-oriented xc skis that are essentially foam strap things that use velcro to keep them together. Often, though, I just carry my skis with the bases together and holding above the waist/middle of the ski. I find that if I carry them with their bases together and gripping the binding area that the skis tend to spring apart. So, I grab them a little higher on the ski so that if they do slip/spring apart, I'm still holding the two skis pretty securely.
All of that said, I'll put this topic on my to-do list for a future video to provide different examples of what I'm talking about.
Thanks for the question (and the idea!).
@@JaredManninen Thank you!
i have a feeling your trails might be packed with people this year?
Yep, see my previous comments :)
How do you adjust technique if you are on a lake without a track?
Hey Sandra,
Thanks so much for watching, and for the question!
Right off the bat, here's the link to a video that I just published the other day about xc skiing (diagonal striding) in the backcountry (th-cam.com/video/8wiRZqnzr4E/w-d-xo.html) that may be of some interest to you. In the video I do offer some ideas regarding xc skiing in different backcountry terrain (including on icy and hard-packed snow).
That said, if you're talking about an icy surface of a lake I honestly don't prefer this type of terrain on which to xc ski. But when I am faced with icy terrain, I will use skinnier skis (for easier edge control) and a lot of times I'll just double pole rather than trying to diagonal stride. It's so challenging to keep your skis tracking straight on icy terrain that, again, I mostly just double pole in it (because there's less ski movement to have to control with double poling).
If there's a little bit of soft snow on top of the frozen lake, however, that sounds like pretty ideal conditions for diagonal striding. I actually diagonal stride on the streets in the neighborhood when there's only a few inches of snow on the ground (usually the first snow of the season, for example). The asphalt essentially makes for a firm base while the soft snow on top enables me to push off and glide. But, in that specific situation I do have to keep my ski absolutely flat otherwise the edge will catch on the asphalt and come to a halt. If you were to run xc skis on an icy lake with a couple of inches of fresh snow on top, you may encounter a similar situation. Basically, you have to run your skis perfectly flat so that you could capitalize on the fresh snow, whereas if you angle the skis your edges will reach the layer of ice and potentially slip.
Another idea if the lake surface is ice is to try and ski only in straight lines rather than trying to do any step or skate turns (as you might not be able to gain any purchase with your ski edges).
Lastly, I find that skin-based grip zones work better in icy conditions compared to fish scales (for waxless xc skis).
Anyway, not sure if any of the helps or just adds confusion to the mix. haha. So let me know if you need clarification on any of it.
Again, thank you for tuning in and for the question :)
@@JaredManninen thanks for the thoughtful reply. There is quite a bit of soft snow on the lake. First time out i plowed my way through the soft snow but it felt more like a shuffle than a ski on the way out. Was a bit better on the way back as I followed my tracks. Next day I skied on a snowmobile track which was easier but it was kind of slippery. Will go give it another go today. If nothing else its a great work out! I and trying to get the hang of the push and glide as so far I have been more like shuffling albeit my stride has been getting a little longer at least. Thanks for the videos and the tips. Like most things it looks way easier than it is :)
@@sandraredmond4812 Hey Sandra,
I actually went out and managed to find some ice with a little fresh snow on top (late this afternoon). One thing I also forgot to mention, and was reminded of today, is that you definitely have to ease up on poling when dealing with ice because they just want to skid out if you put too much pressure on them at the correct angle. So, it really requires a stable lower body and balance on the one ski.
Keep at it, and keep skiing in different conditions. You're only going to get better :)
And thanks for watching. I really appreciate it :)
@@JaredManninen thank you ! Had another good day on the lake today. Great work out if not great technique. Lol . I take your point about the poles slipping out . I will take it easy. Working on the shuffle shuffle glide :)
@@sandraredmond4812 You're welcome, and great job! Keep at it :)
Summer gut! We all have it. It’s called the Covid belly.
Haha! True, that :) Talk about insidious. By September I finally had to acknowledge that it was actually becoming a bit of a chore just to fit into my pants. haha!
I think you should make a covid video for nature lovers to do alternative off grid activities. like your bird watching. my plan is to get snow shoes and try it. i cant sit at home forever . i will get mentally ill. have you thought about doing a snow shoe video? or some winter alternative video , i left the Phillippines last may cause they wouldn't allow us to swim in ocean i wonder if calif. might have restrictions for you at your x country resorts. if so then plan b?
Snowshoes are great because of their simplicity and very low learning curve. And, you can travel to so many more areas of the backcountry with them since they're small. Yeah, I have a handful of snowshoe videos on my channel already, as well as a couple of naturalism/birding videos. Check them out at th-cam.com/users/jaredmanninen
And no matter what happens this winter with Covid, I'll always be able to walk right out my front door for some outdoor exercise!
@@JaredManninen thanks i like your videos because you are not mainstream . i just bought a (b being built ) a outbound trailer from hastings Nebraska...gonna find a way to heat it and go on long trips around USA. hell, I'm gonna bring a kick scooter and live in Walmart. and go kick scooting around citys. I'm almost 60 years old and i have probably 7 pairs high end skis in storage from 20 years ago i was heavily into cross country in Minnesota. problem with camping and cross country skiing is the waxing.........kind of hard to wax outside in a camper. off grid. all i know if the snow starts piling up i just want to get out and enjoy. i buy the snow shoes. i wonder about backcountry skis. i wonder how efficient they can be. can you post a video about bushwhacking with backcountry skis. got to take this covid and take advantage of the problems its bringing. so far I've come up with off grid camping in a small camper but how to get exercise...i guess just walking. THANKS FOR YOUR NOT MAINSTREAM BEND OF YOUR VIDEOS.
Sounds like a pretty cool life you've lived, Yogi. Yeah, waxing is a messy endeavor and unless you have some dedicated space it can be a real hassle. Thanks again for the kind words about my videos/channel. I try to keep things pretty calm and cool, matter-of-fact, and I try not to embellish any certain aspects too much (i.e. I don't try to polish these videos to a high sheen for the sake of trying to compete with some full-scale production outfit). I'm just a guy that likes to share information about the activities that I love to do in the hopes that I can inspire other people to try them out or, at least, discover their own passions :) Take care!
@@JaredManninen i wish you would do a covid related video. considering tahoe skiing might be shut down for at least a month maybe more. people are getting depressed.
Perhaps I will. Thanks for the suggestion!