ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ก.ย. 2024
- In today's alternate history scenario we ask what if Germany never issued the blank check to Austria, and remained neutral while Austria declared war on Serbia? Would Austria be able to fend off a coalition of enemies on all sides? Would Germany be crippled politically without their Austrian ally? Will there be a World War?
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#alternatehistory #history #germany #ww1
World War I without World War I
Germany without Germany next?
Love your content guys ❤❤❤❤
Bruh why is austrias borders wrong 💀
How do you guys actually believe that kiser Willhem II was anti British
@@potato0812 Perhaps I ought to have clarified that Wilhelm was particularly resentful against the English, mostly because of familial issues. It was explained in the video around 18:10 but Wilhelm was subject to traumatic medical experiences at the hands of English doctors, the same doctors who eventually failed to save his father from dying. I didn't mention it in the video since it would go too off topic, but Wilhelm also had a strange relationship with Queen Victoria, constantly seeking her attention and approval. Simultaneously he was resentful of his mother, Victoria, Princess Royal, and was constantly disrespectful to her. At the same time, he completely subverted Queen Victoria whenever she tried to influence his policymaking decisions, and it caused him to become somewhat angered at her, believing her to be 'using' his love for her as a tool to advance British interests. It's complicated, as always, with family. Wilhelm was additionally just generally erratic and impulsive, and he felt overshadowed by George V and his British family members. He had a complicated personal resentment for his English relatives and a lot of that was compounded by the naval arms race before WWI and the colonial situation in East Africa (Tanzania).
Please overwork that map. Give Germany Memel and Austria-Hungary Galicia at least please.
I was about to comment the same thing
Some of Schleswig, making it post ww1 Schleswig. Not trying to be mean to the map, I make mistakes too, just something to look out for
It's not something he can actually do, it's the map on that one world map editor app, it's not customizable
@@Johia_Mapping_2Why doesn’t he just use the hoi4 or Europa universalist map
@@Johia_Mapping_2 Thank you for letting me know, I’m so sorry about my prior comment
I really don’t see Britain and Germany (even if they remained neutral) just sitting by and letting a great power like Austria get completely dismantled. They would at least help arbitrate a fair peace. And if Russia or Italy refuse, threaten to intervene
Germany would absorb the ethnic Germans of Austria and UK would stay well out of it.
You make a really good point and maybe Britain would've still got tied into a conflict to ensure monarchies survived. One thing i'd say on it though is that there were many opponents to war politically in Britain that didn't want to get involved in European affairs, so long as red lines weren't crossed when it came to Empire and Pax Britannia. Without German involvement, they wouldn't have invaded Belgium which was the one guarantee Britain declared across the board at the time. Also, with the Great Game in Iran and Pakistan ongoing, they weren't largely interested in european problems, unless it caused issues for their global hegemony.
@@TheLukeLambert - Britain refused the Tsar and his family asylum for fear of Revolution - maintaining monarchies was not a high priority.
“Friendship ended with Austria, Britain is my new best friend”
-Kaiser Wilhelm II
Keiser to Austria: I don't want to play with you anymore
@@predadorchannels596 Some aspiring Austrian painter "I need to practice my painting skills more to hopefully be a proud French naturalised citizen after finishing my studies"
@@randomaccount-dq1jq - When the chips were down, he bailed on Austria for Germany.
"the battle of Genna" lol !
the photo at 16:19 is Tsar Nicolaus II with British king George V (first cousins through their mothers...who were sisters)...........(it may be noted that Kaiser Wilhelm was also Georges first cousin through Wilhelm's mother and George's father....who were the two eldest children of queen Victoria)
16:31 umm why is the German Flag on Tsar Nicholas?
16:26 the left gut is the Russian csar and Not the german Kaiser
Britain would have never allowed Russia to influence the entire Balkans and disturb the Balance of power by such a large scale.
Britain and Germany actually grew closer before ww1 with the end of the Naval Arms Race and Britain slowly seeing Russia as the biggest threat.
If Russia did Push further than Galicia Germany and England would have Not just stood at the side and watching Russia becoming the worlds strongest power.
yes exactly. a day before the war they were "On good terms"
Sadly, the Liberal Party really wanted a war to win an election while the admiralty of both nations were holding joint exercises and toasting to peace.
@@steelforge2346thats not what he/she/it/appache attack Helicopter said or meant
th-cam.com/video/hKXss-NKqpo/w-d-xo.htmlsi=P6YAIVMjaQMVg96M
@@RedAnarchyTurtel Their name is Munchkin.
Why is Italy on the Russian site?
Italy was part of the triple Alliance, and this only broke thanks to the fact that Austria ignored them for the war in Serbia and the fact that thanks to Germany's attack on france the war was generally considered a offensive war. In addition, both parties had to heavily influence Italy over which side they join (which failed because Austria did't want to give them land, because they had Germany on their side and didn't needed Italy).
Italy could have used the fact that Austria ignored them in their Balkan involvement to end the treaty and stay neutral. But a war on Austria would have been considered as quite the big deal. Especially because the neutrality of France and Great Britain would have meant that they had no reason to ignore this betrayal.
Even worse. This could have given Germany a reason to intervene in the war, because the Franco-Russian Alliance only worked if Germany fought Russia. But if Germany only fought Italy, this wouldn't have triggered the treaty.
In short, Italy would have never been a enemy in any possible scenario. Because even a overconfident Austria-Hungary wouldn't have allowed a 3 fron-war. They rather would have swayed Italy by giving them land than commiting suicide.
I cry for Austria
Nej, hvorfor det? They’re now with Germany & still have South-Tyrol
Actually, reforms in Russia described in video are started in reality, Stolypin reform for example. They were not complete for obivious reasons(WW1 and revolution) but in that scenario it's very possible that those reforms will be complited. Also, I think you forgot to mention Asia, Russia probably will go to war with Japan for revenge of 1905. Britain and Germany also will be very competitive for colonies in China and Asia in general.
I don't understand why italy would join and buglaria joining the war aganist serbia doesn't make sense. Also France, Germany and Britian wouldn't let the russians vassalize all of the balkans, I believe that austria would probably lose galacia and bosia, maybe croatia, but the great powers in the world wouldn't allow austria hungry to be dismantled. Mainly I don't believe that Austria would push for war without germany in the first place
Wow talk about an incredibly unrealistic scenario to go with an unrealistic map.
pls fix the map
I don't know if you plan a part 2 on this, but in this timeline I see the most likely scenario for a world war to go down in an incident between Russia and the Ottomans:
Russia always had it's eyes on Constantinople and an easy way into the mediterranean, an incident causing war between Russia and the Ottomans could cause a similar reaction as the crimean war but with Germany and Britain intervening instead, this would get France into the war and France could possibly bring Italy on its side by promising Italy to link its colonies of Libya and Somalia while France gets hegemony in the middle east both at the expense of the Ottomans and Britain. (bringing Italy to France's side would also be benefitial for content's sake because while France alone will totally lose it's navy and presence in the atlantic, France and Italy's navies together could possibly defeat and block the mediterranean from the anglo-german alliance). The US would start neutral and maybe could have a easier time supplying both sides in the war (the US tried to keep trading with Germany initially during WW1, but the british blockade completely hampered trade and you know, unrestricted submarine warfare. France can get blockaded in the atlantic but the US could just trade into french west africa instead and the goods would flow from there into the mediterranean)
I don't make videos, so I can only comment... expanding on my scenario I believe your idea of war between Austria x Russia and Serbia is not very realistic because Germany being allied with Austria would prevent a total collapse of Austria and the carving up of its territory in the sense that the war wouldn't go to the extent of a total defeat of Austria but a peace mediated by Germany where Austria loses only Bosnia to Serbia. Collapse would soon come for Austria though, in the form of revolution. Imagine a Trotskyite world revolution sparking from Vienna and causing major troubles all over Europe. Of course the revolution would only succeed in Austria and this would open the gates for everyone to grab its share. Germany would secure Bohemia and Austria, Russia would annex Galicia and install puppet government in Hungary, Romania would annex transylvania and Banat and Italy annex the regions you mentioned. Germany would protest the annexations done by Italy (because of austro-german minorities) but France would back Italy's claims and this would solidify Italy taking the side of France and Russia on the upcoming war.
Well if Austria Hungary thought alone against Russia, maybe the Ottoman empire, sweden, Romania and even Japan could force Russia in a More front war.
Its still more realistic then Wenningstedt ww1
With out a blank check from Germany, Austria would take Serbian deal.
There would have been no world war 1 as only Germany's guarantee allowed Austria to move ahead.
What if the Kalmar Union still existed and joined the Central Powers, might be an interesting video.
Wouldn’t Bulgaria have joined the Austrians?
A fascinating hypothetical. Plenty of naysayers in the comments, but we're dealing with a lot of "what-ifs" here. I had a good time.
THAT MAP IS A WARCRIME
Had Germany remained neutral, it would never have been WWI. Britain certainly and France probably would mot have declared at Austria-Hungary
Germany would demand a conference and Britain would agree. No way the same guys who argued over if Bulgaria would get access to the Aegean would sit back and watch Russia erase a great power. Austria would likely loose Bosnia and Galicia. Maybe border readjustment in Italy.
Germany could not stay neutral in World war one since russa and france had a meeting in st petersburg where france gave russia a blanque check to attack germany and both started mobilising afterwards
WW I anyway would have broken out. Because Austria - Hungary would have lost immediately without German support. Germany and Russia would have started immediately after the collapse of Austria-Hungary to quarrel over the parts of Austria-Hungary. Russia wanted to unite all Slavs in one state. (Ideology of Panslavism) but only 50 % of the population of Austria- Hungary were Slavs. 25 % were German, 20 were Hungarian, the rest were Romanian and Italians. And what made the situation worse, the nations were not separated but scattered over the whole territory. A just division of the nations was Impossible. That means, WW I would have been started anyway after the collapse of Austria-Hungary.
Is bro using mapchart
There are some things that don`t work with your scenario
1. The France would declare war on Germany forcing both Germany and Italy into the war
2. England and Germany (possibly even the Ottomans) would never allow Russia to dismantle the AHE
3. 8:15 you kinde skip from 1914 to 1918 IF Austria invaded Serbia and had to fight Russia as well then like you said they would have just collapsed (well their Army) but the following peace would see Serbia taking Croatia and Russia Galicia AT WORST Romania, Italy and Bulgaria would at the point not even be involved as there involvement will drag Germany (and Italy in Romania and Bulgaria case) into the war but unlike Serbia Russia would see not need to help them as they declared war separately
What if the February/October Revolution and The Russian Civil War happened a bit earlier causing russia to not join ww1?
So why wouldn't Austria have tried to pull in the Ottomans, given they both fall into wanting to check the power of Russia, and/or seeing how bad things would go if they join striking a deal with Italy?
Also this feels like a scenario WWI just doesn't happen, given without Germany its unlikely they'd be so willing to not back down to diplomatic pressure from Germany and Russia to accept the accepted proposals.
the ottomans were basically kicked out of the balkans entirely and would not join in even if asked because they were very weak and would just get murked by russia in the caucus
The real question is what would World War 1 have looked like if America was actually neutral rather than being neutral in name only.
Man this ain't even fair to poor ol austria
I'm sorry, but I just don't see this happening at all like depicted here. Even assuming there would be a war at all*, it would likely be a relatively limited war with minimal border changes, much like the Crimean War in the 1850s. It would likely end with a congress of the great European powers deciding the final borders.
Those borders would likely be some border adjustments in Galicia and _maybe_ Serbia gaining Bosnia. Italy might gain some territory too. Otherwise Austria-Hungary remains more or less intact territorially, but it ends any pretense of Austria's great power status that had survived into the 20th Century.
*I highly doubt that Austria-Hungary would be so insanely stupid as to carry on with their war plans without the blank check from Germany.
16:17 ah yes, wilhelm II and George V
why is the map so goofy
Tbh, þe maps are straight buns.
Based þ user
@@epiccrusadr8583 þanks
Wouldn’t it be technically “ðe”?
@@askjellwolf I don't like eð
Strong ending, but the part that I found a gripe with was Austria-Hungary still declaring war on Serbia (and therefore Russia, by proxy) without German aid. You said it yourself, the German Blank Cheque is the thing that gave AH the confidence to push for war, so in its absence I find it difficult to believe they would make such an obviously poor decision.
Germany not promising military help to Austria-Hungary would discourage the Austro-Hungarian military leadership from declaring war as, although not official allies, Russia had a very close relationship with Serbia. Also, everybody in Austria-Hungary knew the poor state of the army in a war against Russia.
Austria may have wanted war, but they sure as heck weren't ready for it.
Austria-Hungary only wanted war against Serbia at worst. They knew very well they couldn't take Russia alone and would've very likely accepted Serbia's response without any German support.
Wasn’t there a similar incident in 1913 that almost led to a larger war?
Britain would never let Russia dissect Austrian-Hungary and take over the balkans, even if Russia won a lopsided victory.
Russia was Britain’s biggest rival before during and after Germany’s rise.
This. Unfortunately Russia annexes Galicia and Britain grows closer to Germany and Austria, to Balance the Power of Europe, is Not interesting enough for a Video eben though it is the only realistic scenario
Agreed. Too many of these kinds of scenarios forget that Britain's main political agenda concerning mainland Europe for centuries has been never to allow a major change in Europe's power dynamics.
Actually Keiser Wilhelm II hated Doctors not the english, and if you are going to bring up his mother or king Edward those were famely mathers nothing to do with english or not english.
WW1 could have been prevented, but nearly all base assumptions in this video were wrong. Serbia did not have any formal treaty with Russia, Britain wanted to destroy Germany from the very beginning and build the Entente toward this goal, if it wasn't Serbia, then something else would have triggered the war. The German Empire didn't give a blank check, but the minister wrote to Austria that Germany will honour its alliance to Austria, it had to do this since Britain already tried to ally Austria, and without Germany backing up Austria and loosing Austria to the Entente, Germany would have been truly surrounded by all sides
Britain die Not wann to destroy Germany, maybe weaken it. But every British politician new, Germany was necessary to keep Russia in check. Britain for centuries always wanted a Balance of Power.
@@munchkin7508 Britain was deeply jealous of the German economy and feared that Germany would take over British place as the trading superpower, and saw it the same as if Germany would want to destroy Britain, also through propaganda, which influenced Brits a ton. Edward 7th also hated Wilhelm and Germany and did everything to diplomatically isolate Germany.
@@3chmidt yeah no shit. Britain did not like Germany, did not say anything to the contrary, but destroying Germany and allowing Russia habours in the mediteranean?
No military east of the Rhine River able to stop Russia from taking over the whole of Europe. Thats delusional man.
@@3chmidt Destroying Germany? No army able East of the Rhine River to stop Russia from dominating the entirity of central Europe. Russia Ports in the mediterean Britain fought a century to prevent that.
Sure Britain die Not Like Germany but Theo Head more than 2 Brain cells.
@@3chmidt 1 day before ww1 in real life british foreign ministers said "Germany and Britain are on good terms", look it up it's true. They would realize that russia was the bigger threat and swallow their pride because they arent idiots
Kaiser :D
I doubt that Germany would remain 100% neutral. They would surely send a volunteer corps and all the material they could. Also, Russia would invade the southern part of the empire, where it was weaker, so Austria-Hungary could mount some kind of defense in the Austrian, Hungarian, and Czechoslovakian parts. This would solve the multi-ethnic problem and the language barrier of its troops, as there would be only three languages (and a good part of Bohemia spoke German). With this and the introduction of the massive use of artillery and machine guns, it might be enough to contain the Russians for a long time, especially if trenches start to appear. Under no circumstances could the Austro-Hungarians mount a significant counterattack, but it is possible that they could obtain a peace that would not dissolve them, although they would lose all that was Yugoslavia in the end.
In conclusion, Germany would lose its ally, but it would have the best army in Europe, as its volunteer corps would learn how to fight an industrial war, and its industry would have been updated for that scenario
What if Italy and Japan were against Germany during WW2?
I strongly doubt Austro-Hungary would have gone to war without Germany's aid. Franz Joseph would have reluctantly accepted the surrender under the agreed terms.
I think it is important to note, that the russian revolution would have never taken place, if germany decided to be neutral. Therefore communism wouldnt have happened that early (or at all) and the cold war may have never happened. And not to forget, the 2 world war would also be very less likely to happen.
Wouldn't have been a war then because no way Austria would have moved against Russia without German support.
I think Bismarck was a time traveller
You got your maps wrong. Why isn’t Galicia part of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire?
This is an interesting question
Sorry, but a video that talks about war, geopolitics and political geography, cannot have such a gross error in its main medium, the map. It's not being insensitive to the effort you put into the video, but rather that there are limits to how much you can ignore, like you taking Memel out of Germany shows a lack of quality control and proofreading, but taking Galicia out of Austria, especially in this context where this particular geographic context was so fundamental in the episode of the Austro-Russian battles of WW1, is simply such a gross error that it's almost obscene. It's not like a flag is wrong, it's literally a case of you taking the video down to correct it.
bit of a whoopsie on that map. galicia (the region surrounding krakow), and volhynia (the region surronding lwow), were both owned by the austro-hungrian empire at the time. its possible you confused them with poland due to the numerous plans to unite them with poland post war.
I feel like Germany would have gotten involved in the war like there is simply no way they would let Austria completely collapse. (I mean demand an end to the war by probably some Berlin conference)
What if The UK Stayed Neutral during World War One
This makes more probable (with Austria and the Ottoman Empire being included) my expectation of the Australian - Hungarian Empire being an inevitability
If Germany were to stay neutral in such a conflict it's under the pretext Bismarck advised. He planned to forge an alliance WITH Russia, so by the end of that "final Balkan war" russia would gain influence over that pan-slavic area while germany would gain influence over that pan-germanic area while being allied that would also come with territorial gains for both russia and Germany. That was Bismarcks wish, that was also the wish of Emperor Friedrich III sadly he ruled only 99 days.
Why did your European maps show Russia as the owner of Galacia instead of Austria-Hungary
19:55 This wouldn't be so much of an aliance as it would be Germany bowing to Britain for protection. And France would have cut itself before it would have allowed this to happen.
Germany staying out of WW1 is like the US not joining the space race or Brits stopping drinking tea
I have an idea; What if the pacific war of WW2 happened early. What if the US, Britain, France, The Netherlands and Germany all declared war on Japan because of the Mukden incident (the Japanese invasion of China)
the royal family in this timeline are much happier families now
That’s what should have happened as well with France. Neither power had any reason to go to war but chose to honor an alliance, Austria-Hungary, Serbia and Russia were trying to handle problems and war was the only solution the others were just there because they had pledged to help one of them.
Bro hates Austria-Hungary so much that he gave Russia Galicia
fr
I think he just likes Russia. He also gave them Memel
Galicia had lots of Poles and remaining Ukrainians it is crucial for Russia to own iz its not something Russia wouldnt demand
Who else would own it?
@@Apsolution1 except, well russia never owned it.
Why is Galicia part of Russia?
To annex poland and hungry would likely not want it
Slavic Nationalists in Tsar Nicholas II's government wanted to annex Galicia.
@@EdwardSeewald._._But it’s shown at the beginning of the video before any alternate history happens?
@@morsecode980The maps of this video seems to have many problems, that is just one of them i presume
Better question why isn't Galicia part of Russia?
1:24 oh my, that map is not accurate whatsoever
Very true
Now a version where Russia doesn’t get involved sounds interesting as well.
World War I but nothing happens…
yes
If Russia doesn’t get involved, WW1 would probably just be a 3rd Balkan War
@@DeanMonsieur you know, Austria still might lose, depending on the level of support they get.
This was also one thing you forgot in this video, even if Germany doesnt get involved, it will still support Austria, just to bleed Russia out.
Also, as soon as Austria loses, Germany will probably occupy and "protect" Austira proper and Bohemia and Moravia, both with significant german population and the most industrialized parts of Austria. Also wouldnt it be REALLY funny if the Germans still send Lenin? i mean why not?
Will communism still be on the rise in Russia?
I see so Russia how become Warlord likes just did China Warlord?
Very good video which was really interesting and took some great views on events which happened at the time! One thing i'd add is without the Bretton-Woods agreement, Britain wouldn't have had to rely so heavily on the US for reparations post WW1, so wouldn't have had many of the major shocks which hit them during the 20th century! Other than that, was a very fascinating video!
Or what if france didn't cear about Russia believing well the two powers fight they and Britain could get stronger than Germany... But they might still have to fight the ottomans because.. colonialism.....
Uhm what happened to Galicia and Memel
Russian flag… black/yellow and white..was not used after 1896
at 16:44 the photo represents Tsar Nicolas and George V.
i do think germany still wouldnt allow parties like italy to get involved in the war and threaten to defend austria if they do so.
i imagine some sort of agreement between britain and germany to contain the war to the east between austria and russia/serbia
idk i dont think that Germany or britian would see the austrians getting absolutley murked and manhandled and go "Hey italy, chill out with the annexing" They would realize that it's wraps for the austrians and just let it happed cuz theres no point in quarreling about it, besides the territories italy takes here are basically italian anyways
@@steelforge2346 eh italy always greatly exaggerated about where italians live. the only actual territories with and italian majority are the southern half of the trento province and the city of trieste.
austria can be forced to cede these to italy for neutrality i guess but i truly dont believe germany and britain wouldnt do anything they could to keep austria alive considering its germanies closest ally and how obsessed the british were with their balance of power
Germany tried everything to avoid the war actually...Russia on the other hand not so much. Ofcourse there were pro-war politicians in Germany like the reichkansler but nevertheless war could have been avoided if Russia backed off, Austria-Hungary did not make that stupid ultimatum and Serbia was less provocative.
that's the czar of russia with the king of england....no willie
What if the ottoman empire won the balkan war
at 16:29 that is a picture of king george and tsar nikolas lol
That picture @ 17:25 is tsar nicholas on the left
What was the Austrian Painter was doing in this timeline.
If Germany didn't support Austria, Austria would have accepted the 2 exceptions to their demands. They knew they couldn't win without Germany
Ethiopia was NOT a British colony - they would need permission to build the railroad.
What is with dangerous leaders always having amazing mustaches
HOI4 mod idea 🤫
If i had a penny for every time germany needed to carry an Ally who couldn`t hold thier own wheigth in a mayor world conflict i had 2 pennies....
Which isn`t a lot, but its wierd that it happened twice
fucking austrians always starting world wars. smh
Thats funny, that would be the same amount of pennies i would get for every time Britain had to be rescued by the Americans.
Shit, bro, Germany has not won a war since 1871.
What total bullshit is this?
No war silly boy
Great thought experiment. Thank you
What if Germany betrayed Austria and attacked it
I swear, every hypothetical scenario about ww1 and ww2 seems to have a British-German Alliance or white peace.
The easiest way to remove the blank cheque is to prevent the german foreign ministers change to the kaisers message which was all support except for militaristic
😂😂😂 nonsens. War started between grandchild of Bloody Victoria becouse britan and germany was broken and need restart... restart Sounds familiar
in 1914 Bulgaria would never have joined Russia. Especially to defend Surbia which took Macedonia
16:35 on the left is Czar Nikolas II of Russia and you have Germany's flag on top of him...
I'm am genuinely concerned with how bad the map you used is.......
The problematic areas are Northern Schleswig, Eupen-Malmedy, Memel, German-Polish border, Austrian Galicia and South Dobruja. I also see slight imperfections on the Austro-Italian, Greko-Buglarian and the Russo-Ottoman borders.
in my opinion your alternative history is completely unrealistic, too strong Russia would cause the creation of a similar alliance as during the Crimean War, reinforced by Germany.
the maximum that Russia would gain in such a war is Bosnia for Serbia and Galicia, and the latter only as part of the Polish kingdom, which is a Russian autonomy. the latter would solve several problems at once, from the buffer zone between the German Reich and the Russian Empire, to the independence aspirations of Poles, and give Russia the right to claim the Poznań province
Austria-Hungary will process even at the cost of external intervention
If Germany hadn't attacked Belgium, England wouldn't have joined the war
The other question you should be asking is what if that soldier actually killed Hitler
even in our time line, Wilhelm sought alliance with Britain...he was NOT Anglophobic...he loved England and his Grandmother,Queen Victoria....however ,he didn't get on with Edward VII,who's queen (Alexandria was Danish and hated the Prussians for beating Denmark in 1864)....Wilhelm imagined that they could be peace keepers...with Germany's army and Britain's navy not a mouse in Europe would stir....Britain didn't warm to the idea...and didn't like the growth of Germany's navy AND ECONOMY. th-cam.com/video/hKXss-NKqpo/w-d-xo.htmlsi=P6YAIVMjaQMVg96M
I don't see a Anglo-German allience as what would happen, just because these 2 are natrual rivals, because of their insane strenght and you are underestemating the naval arms race. Germany already has Italy on its side, but as now they are closer with the Russians, as they gave them south tyrol and istria, so in case of war with Russia, Italy can't be accounted for. Maybe further cooperation wuth the nordics could be in Germany's intrest. I also see Spain as a potential ally of Germany. A war with France over Als-Lor is certain to happen eventualy, so having an ally on the French border would be great for Germany. But yeah, none of these are great powers that Germany can rely on, to defeat France or Russia, but tbh niether was Austria in capabilities to challange a strong power. Maybe Germany coukd rely on a coalition of minor powers, like Iberians, nordics and the ottomans, rather then the British