Hi, Joris...I enjoy your Vids! I have worked in Hollywood for many years (25 Years at Paramount Studios), and I am also a bit of a film history buff....do know why 24p was established as a primary Frame rate? well, there were several reasons, but one of the most important was in 1927-29 when Sound was coming to film. The first large-scale introduction of sound into theaters was done by synching a 33-1/3 Disc to the film. The engineers found that the specialized gear mechanism that was required to properly synch film and audio was easiest and ran the best at 24P! That is one of the primary reasons we still use it today....Happy New year!!
Hey, David! Yep, I did know that! I love to read up on Hollywood movie history myself and I'm doing so more and more. I've realized that when I was studying photography, we didn't get enough of that history... Here in Belgium, the movie industry is super small but we do make some good ones every now and then 😊 And Matthias Schoenaerts is our guy (actor) in Hollywood at the moment. Maybe you've heard of him... it used to be Jean-Claude Van Damme... 🤔🤷🏻♂️😄
@@JorisHermans yes, I have heard of him...and I always liked Van Damme...My TH-cam channel will actually be mostly about Hollywood and it's history, initially. I have access to most of the Studios because I have worked at all of them, so I'll be able to shoot a lot at them. Should be Fun! keep up the good work, I always enjoy your Vids...
Thanks. Good tips. I've been having judder issues with clips shot at multiples of 25fps in a 25fps timeline, because of the frequency of monitors (60hz). 30 fps or multiples seems to me, the safest bet, for viewing smoothly on monitors
That's always the issue and the main reason to stick to the NTSC/PAL regions settings: 30/60 fps for NTSC and 25/50 for PAL regions. If computer monitors aren't the problem, lighting can be a real pain in the ass...
Thank you very much! I've watched almost all the videos on TH-cam,you are the only one who solved the flicker problem! Thank you for supplying the red website! You are a real genius!
I really don't understand why people are not talking about the shutter speed issue more. There is that 180 degree rule and I see tons of people shooting at 24p and 1/50. That's 181 degree. If anyone is that serious, first they should worry about this. I am in Eu and I usually shoot 24p 1/50 shutter but I just realized that 25p 1/50 is the exact correct 180 degree and yes that difference is important. For cinematic motion blur you need 1/48 shutter. If your camera can't do it than your 24p will still has the motion blur of 25p anyway because shutter speed sets the motion blur not the frame rate. Lol.. Anyway.. Nice channel Joris.
Oh, my, thank you for the video! I'm going on vacation soon and am planning to record video on both my phone and camera. During my last vacation I've noticed that the videos from the different sources did not match. Turned out my camera was set to 50fps and my phone to 60! I've set both to 60 now so i should be getting compatible videos that I can mix together when I get home. Thanks again, super informative!
If there is low light high ISO noise, I would definitely use 1/50 or 1/60 shutter instead of 1/125 or 1/100. With 50/60fps video played at the original speed, I feel 360 shutter looks most natural. More motion blur when slowed down tho.
Thanks for the video. What should I do if my B camera is NTCS only 30/60 fps and my A camera has the option for both and I'm filming in Europe or Asia and the final work will be viewed mostly on a 60 hertz monitor? Thank you.
@@JorisHermans No problem Joris :). Joris is a good name for photographers and filmmakers! I am a Canon photographer myself (I saw your Canon M50 vids too). And we are living in neighbouring countries as well haha! I only found your channel today, but subscribed ofcourse.
i actually prefer 25fps over 24fps, One frame but it looks far smoother even in a 60hz screen. And if you guys have a ton of 24,25,30 and 60p footage and it becomes a mess, just export at 30 or 60p, There's no problem adding a lower framerate into a higher framerate timeline, its just gonna duplicate the frames, Just disable frame blending and weird stuff like that. Also, you can shoot 60fps at 1/60 (which already looks better than at 1/125) at full speed and export at 60p, But you can also drop it into a 30p timeline which will look identical as 30fps 1/60 footage, there wont be judder or anything like that, So you can also slow it down by 50% or 60% when you want, Will look a bit blurry but it works. Same goes for 50fps at 1/50 on a 25fps timeline
Yup. As long as you keep PAL/NTSC ratios then you can have them all mixed like that. So you could have 23.976, 29.97 and 59.94 footage on an NTSC 60fps timeline and the lower frame shots will just be frame duped on the interval. Output will be perfectly smooth assuming the footage was native shot or converted correctly. Same for a 25/50 PAL timeline. Good stuff.
Great video, thanks for the information. Sadly, I found out that to avoid flickering I had to switch to 25 fps on iPhone and it cuts off the possibility of shooting in 50 fps, only 60fps with flickering 🤯
One might want to shoot a music video in 25 fps because the audio is likely to be 44.1 kHz. This gives a nice, integral relationship between the frame rate and sample rate: 1764 audio samples per video frame. There's no easy relationship between 29.97 fps and 44.1 kHz. Even the relationship between 29.97 and 48 kHz audio, which is what cameras natively use is a little complicated: 8008 audio samples per 5 video frames. My sampling of TH-cam music videos is that all music videos I have seen use 44.1 kHz audio, most use 25 fps video, but I have seen a few 23.976 fps and a few 29.97. I even saw one at 59.94 fps with 44.1 kHz audio. So apparently video software understands the very long sample/frame cadence it would require to keep the audio in sync. But why not opt for the simple 25 fps / 44.1 kHz integral relationship which requires no cadence?
Great video thank you!, but just a quick info. Flickering only happens on light sources that runs on AC, where there is frequency. Computers and TV's actually converts AC to DC, so you should not see flickering since in DC there is no frequency. Now why do they convert to DC? simply cuz semiconductors need a constant power source to operate (DC).
Thank you! I'm from Australia, watched all the top tutorials from American TH-camrs, everyone talk about 24,60,120fps.. I was very confused but not anymore after watch you video.
Super interessante video ! Het valt trouwens op dat er steeds meer vlamingen zijn die in perfect engels heel goeie tutorials en dergelijke op TH-cam posten ! Ik gebruik verschillende camera's voor mijn hobby-projectjes, met elk hun verschillende instelmogelijkheden. Het probleem dat zich stelt is dat ze niet allemaal zo flexibel zijn wat frame-rate. Zo kunnen mijn Eos 90D en Sony RX10 in 4K op maximaal 25 fps opnemen. De andere camera's, voornamelijk DJI, kunnen wel hogere framerates aan. Is het dan het beste om bijvoorbeeld op 50 fps te werken op deze camera's (om slowmotion te kunnen gebruiken) ? Want ik veronderstel dat de combinatie van 25, 30 en 60 fps niet zo'n goed idee is ?
Am trying to figure out how to film outdoor adventure video with a camera at a cinematic 24fps, but combining with GoPro footage at a faster frame rate (so I can slow down). Would shooting PAL at 25/50/100 make it easier to weave all these different FPS into the same, cinematic 24p/25p, timeline? Or would PAL look terrible when I export to online platforms like TH-cam?
How about asking "what is the delivery standard for my video and then filming at that frame rate!" If it is for broadcast then in 50 hertz countries it will be most likely 1880i50 or in 60 hertz countries ( ie USA) then its in 1080i60. Yes tv is mostly a an interlaced format (Google it). So if you want your to be satisfied with no jumpy pictures shoot 50 or 60 fps ( country dependant). You can always create a 25fps or 30 fps deliverable if the client needs it. If you are making your next theatrical release movie (and doesn't everyone), set your frame rate and post production to 24 fps as this has been the Cine standard fro nearly 100 years..Joris is correct to say that your capture frame rate should be reflected in your post production frame rate. Remember the KISS principle.
Nice video! What about if you want to mix a smartphone camera (that only accepts 30 or 60 fps) and a DSLR camera ? Could convert the smartphone files in 24fps before edition or in the final export?
I have watched sports today swimming in particulary and I have saw flickering screens in the background. The broadcaster is probably using 60fps camera setting while the electrical frequency in Abu Dhabi is 50Hz. . .
Really appreciate it, if you going to tell me why I have flickering always when I want to shoot something at my home. Camera Sony A7iii in PAL Mode ( Germany). Thanks in advance 🙏🏽
Hey bro - I have a question. I'm in the UK and my canon has 25 and 50 - but my phone is 30 and 60. I use the phone for overhead shots so would you reccomend I shoot in 25 on the camera, 30 on the phone and edit in a 25fps timeline?
I am not in Europe but I noticed the optimum fps for smartphones set by the manufacturer is 60 fps, at least in my region. So your video should be quite a relief for smartphone shooters.
I'm in PAL country but there is one time when I shoot indoor, the camera flicker while I shoot in 25/50. When I change to NTSC, the camera didn't flicker
Most phone and computer screens don't have adaptive refresh rate and are fixed to 60 Hz so it seems to me playing back 50fps content always has stutter.
I found this video because I ran in some issues while editing video's. I shot some video's on my last vacation with my actioncamera. Unfortunately somehow the camera got back to it's default settings, which activated looprecording and timestamp (verry annoying). I'm using Pinnacle Studio Ultimate for video editing. So I decided to get te cut video's (looprecording) together first, to mach them on the right frame before going to remove the timestamp. But there were also glitches in some frames at the point where video's got cut. This was every 3min. and so a lot. They were visible on playback. So I needed to remove these glitched frames manually. And actually here is where the problems started... I've shot the video's in 60fps, importeded them in Pinnacle, removed the glitched frames, timed everthing together again and exported the video in 60fps again. But then still there were some glitches visible on these 3 min cuts. They where not visible on the timeline however or on playback here. First I got back and deleted an extra frame at the point where the glitch was visible. But this caused visible missing frames on playback. But it seemed that my timeline was setup in 50fps PAL (since I live in Europe) and not the 59,9fps (NTSC). I choose for PAL because I'm living in Europe. But most devices record standard in 60fps. Not sure if I should keep editing in 50fps PAL or switch to 59,9fps NTSC now. Guess importing a 60fps video on a 50fps timeline works good so far, unless you stay at 50fps export framerate after editing.
Hey, loved the video. I wanted to ask a question. I have a cannon 600D(old camera😅) and it supports a max of 50fps. Will I be able to get a slow motion video out of it? And what timeline fps should I set on premier pro for that slow motion effect?
Hi Joris.. I really enjoyed your video👍. I want to make a travel video with some slow motions and normal speed, and want to upload on TH-cam. So will it be a good idea to shoot the whole video at 50fps PAL and timeline will be 25fps? If not please suggest.
So I understand what you and that RED website are showing... IF I shoot a gig in 24p at the shutter speed/angle that the website suggests, I can hand it off to my European counterparts who are shooting in 25p and it will cut together as it should? OR do I have to change my camera from NTSC to PAL and then shoot at 25p? Thank you.
This tip is just to avoid flickering lights so yeah if you work with people in Europe I would agree on one frame rate to shoot in to avoid problems when editing.
Hey Joris, thanks for these inputs. Here is my question. Let's say I shoot a video in 25 fps and upload it to TH-cam. What happens to my footage when someone watches the video on a Smart TV in an NTSC country? The TVs in NTSC countries have either 60 or 120 Hz. These numbers do not have a common denominator with 25 fps. Do Smart TV adjust the frequency (refresh rate) to fit the footage? Or, do they automatically interpolate the 25fps footage? The second option could lead to some jittering. So, how to handle this problem? What is the best frame rate to shoot on when considering the fact that TH-cam videos will be watched on TVs in NTSC and PAL countries? Thanks for your answer.
A lot of modern TVs do a pretty good job dealing with 3:2 pulldown and such so I think the “best” option is to shoot in 30 fps. Most of youtube videos are being watched on mobile devices and computers which are usually 60 or 120 hertz, even in PAL countries.
@@JorisHermans The only problem I have is that my 6D Mark ii does not shoot true 30fps, but only 29,97. Do you think it is a good idea to interpret 29,97 as 30 fps?
@@AndreasWiget 29.97 is merely the NTSC version of 30fps. There are 30 frames, they just playback .1% slower than non-NTSC 30fps would which is (30.000). I live in an NTSC country and PAL standard TH-cam videos play perfectly fine here at least well produced/encoded content. Granted 2 exact equivalents the NTSC version would likely be a bit smoother, but the pull down is so good on most TVs now that literally no user is going to notice or complain about it. The key is getting your PAL/NTSC ratios on point as well as a project timeline where they are the same or on PAL/NTSC ratios. Case in point, the NTSC version of 24fps is 23.976. 24frames, just played back .1% slower. Cinema is recorded and projected at 24fps even. Often later slowed down by .1% for North America home video release. Reason why NTSC does this was back in the 50s it was the way devised to fit RGB color information over a 60hz analog TV signal without interfering with the picture and sound - hence the "drop frame" and .1% slowdown was born. The speed difference is also imperceptible to the viewer. About 6 seconds longer than real time over a 2 hour period. So whenever you see a weird decimal rate close to a corresponding framerate, odds are it's the NTSC version. Here in North America, when talking about video (not cinema), 24, 30 and 60fps respectively, the NTSC version is assumed. Hope that helps.
I am in PAL country, used NTSC 4k/30fps with 1/50 shutter speed, worked well, .. but if i wanna shoot in 1080/60fps the shutter speed should be 1/100 but results in flickering so need to bring it way down.. (can't remember if it was 80 or 50) why is that 🤔 ?
Hey! Depends on what you mean by "better". The shutter speed is the key factor here. So, usually, in most cases, 25fps requires a shutter speed of 1/50th and 50fps a shutter speed of 1/100. That means that a 50fps frame will probably look sharper, less motion blur.
Thank you Joris very interesting. Question if I shoot and create a video in South Africa in PAL 25FPS, how will it playback when viewed in America which is NTSC 24FPS? Thanks
dank je wel Joris voor deze uitleg! En uw engels is zeer goed. Ik film steeds in 4K 50P omdat ik dan steeds de footage 50% kan vertragen bij bv een aftermovie. Ik film al jaren zo en het meeste dat ik film moet eigenlijk nooit in slowmo komen zoals toneelvoorstellingen, dansvoorstellingen, communies enz. Dus kan ik dan beter in 25P filmen en mijn shutter op minimum 1/50 zetten? Ik film met de panasonic DVX200 en GH5S. en kan bij 25P ook nog mooie slowmo hebben? thx
Hey Tom! Op zich als je 50p filmt kan je dat gewoon op een 25p tijdlijn bewerken zonder al te veel problemen aangezien er automatisch de helft van de frames verwijderd wordt. Nu, omdat er frames verwijderd worden kan het wel zijn dat er af en toe een schokje te zien is bij het pannen of bij snellere bewegingen als die juist samenvalt met een frame drop. Maar zeker niet zo erg als bijvoorbeeld 60p op een 24p tijdlijn. Dus als je er nooit "last" van gehad hebt is er niet echt een probleem en moet je inderdaad ook niet nadenken op voorhand wat je wil vertragen en wat niet. Het enige verschil is dat de bewegingsonscherpte er anders uitziet als je een sluiter van 1/100 gebruikt. Filmen in 25p en een sluiter van 1/50 zal er dus inderdaad wel heel anders anders uitzien. Meer zoals een film maar op zich is dit puur persoonlijke smaak. En je kan het NIET vertragen. Een voordeel dat het wel heeft is dat er meer licht op de sensor komt dus je zou de ISO kunnen verlagen als die wat hoog is.
@@JorisHermans dag Joris. We hebben onze 1ste low budget speelfilm afgewerkt. Alles werd gefilmd door mij in 50P en sommige scenes werden vertraagd tot 50%. Nu wil men de film (nadat het geluid in surround werd afgemixt) branden op een blu ray in 24P. Is dit wel een goed idee? Ik heb hier geen ervaring mee maar ik vrees dat die "slowmotion scenes" gaan shocken. De film gaat vrijdagavond in premiere (lokaal vertoond) dus het kan nog aangepast worden. De man die het geluid verder afmixt van de film zegt dat bij het afspelen via laptop de kans erin bestaat dat screensaver of virusscaner de film kan onderbreken bij het afspelen. Daarom wil hij het via blu ray afspelen maar in 24p voor het filmisch effect.
hey Joris, please let me know, if I'm shooting vlogs Then what is the best mode for shoot that because if I'm going indoor and then outdoor it is totally different conditions, Should i shoot Shutter priority, aperture priority or anything else.. please help....?
I noticed a huge difference (at least in France) between going to he movies & watching a French TV series. The movie looks "cinematic" while the TV series looks more like "real/lifelike". Is that due to fps? Which is used for each scenario then? Thank you!
Could be a difference in frame rate yes. Movies 99% of the time is true 24fps. Most TV shows like you see on Netflix are usually also shot in 24fps but soap operas and the news for example often are shot in higher frame rates.
If you watch those TV series (or even movies) on a TV set, then you might also get a so-called 'soap opera effect', caused by the TV settings for motion interpolation. Can be turned of on most of the TVs.
@@jd5787 France was a SECAM country (basically a derivative of PAL) so they use 25/50 standard. A French soap will almost certainly be shot at 50hz, incapsulated in a 25i container for broadcast. Originally 625i back in the day, but now a days HD with the PAL framerate retained. True 50hz in 25i has the motion of 50fps hence the lifelike appearance of the video. Cinema is 24fps and has motion blur but also depends on the shutter. Some more cinematic TV series on VOD made in Europe may be shot at 25p on Digital though and will look more like Cinema, just a bit smoother due to shutter speed, composition and cameras used.
Something I noticed on your example camera is that it doesn't allow the other frame rates when in a given mode. I've been telling people "a problem causing judder is the decimal frame rate, so use PAL mode to force it to give you a true frame rate, even at 30/60" ((this is paraphrased from my huge walls of text)) and now it seems that idea is false. So my question to you is; How do you force your camera to shoot in true frame rate and allow ALL frame rates without changing its mode? (Or at the very least an "NTSC Digital" mode that gives you true integer non-decimal frame rates for NTSC))
You can't force it. Some of the "cheaper" cameras allow it but most of the "cheaper" Sony cameras don't. Only the cinema cameras support true 24. Some Canon cameras support true 24 in DCI mode I think 🤔 🤷🏻♂️
You'll get even better motion by filming at 60 (59.94 NTSC) assuming you finish at the NTSC version of 24 which is 23.976. If you use the true cinema version of 24 (24.000 exactly) then non-NTSC ratios of 30.000 and 60.000 would be perfect interchangeable intervals. Although the non-NTSC versions of 30 and 60 are rather uncommon.
Hi! My footage was taken at 50i using my Sony A7 as recommended by Sony. The property shows the frame rate is 25fps. However DaVinci Resolve 17 recognise it as 50fps. Shall I use 50fps to edit or 25fps？Many thanks!
I think that eventually, both NTSC and PAL regions should settle on a single framerate as standard. To my eyes, 25 and 30fps look nearly identical and all modern screens can display up to 60Hz, even in Europe. I'm guessing that hasn't happened because of the work it would require?
@@EverythingCameFromNothing that’s true. Personally I prefer the higher framerate but they need to get rid of this 29.97 nonsense. We aren’t using color CRT televisions anymore for broadcast
@@Alexrocks1253 yeah, I remember watching a show on why they had to do it originally, something to do with interference 🤔 🤷♂️ hopefully that’s not an issue anymore…again 🤷♂️ We’ll ALL just be streaming in a few decades once the boomers don’t need FTA anymore 🤷
25/50 if the lights are 50hz, 24-30-60 if its 60hz, but in 60hz, 30p-60p would be better specially if you don't want to slow down some 60fps footage, so you get twice motion blur and lesser jittery, in 24fps if you shoot 60fps you get a motion blur of 2.5x so the jittery is so visible, I've been banging my head around these and I though shutter speed would compensate if I bump it up and down, then it hit me, so I tested it turns out I was right.
I like to shoot 24 FPS and export/edit on 24 FPS timeline in my editing program. But what if i have to add some slow motion sequences and I shoot at 60FPS for those. How do I mix them together on the 24 FPS timeline? I thought the editing software would just figure it out on its own. If i want to mix in slo-mo scenes shot at faster frame rates, what do you suggest I do? I see tons of TH-cam videos, including yours, that have slo-mo and it seems pretty seamless with no issues. Thanks
Just slow down the 60fps footage to 40%. 60fps slowed down to 40% is the equivalent of 24fps. In Davinci Resolve you can also set the "clip attributes" of the 60fps clip to 24fps... Same thing.
@@JorisHermans Thank you sir 👍Do you have a link to a good TH-cam tutorial for Davinci Resolve set up and use? Never used it before and thinking of trying it out
![BUSTING MYTHS: Use ANY Frame Rate in ANY Country [Without Flickering Lights] | 24/30/60FPS 25/50FPS](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/JTI88LhMyvo/mqdefault.jpg)
![ง้อ (ALRIGHT) - FOURTH [ TEASER ]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/ya6MBfo-Wvg/mqdefault.jpg)
Any questions! 👇🏻 Always happy to help because I realize it's a confusing topic!
this video which mood shoot.......25 or 50 fps....
You should look this video, it's more detailed.
th-cam.com/video/0kAuDuV9K9U/w-d-xo.html&ab_channel=PhotoJoseph
Hi, Joris...I enjoy your Vids! I have worked in Hollywood for many years (25 Years at Paramount Studios), and I am also a bit of a film history buff....do know why 24p was established as a primary Frame rate? well, there were several reasons, but one of the most important was in 1927-29 when Sound was coming to film. The first large-scale introduction of sound into theaters was done by synching a 33-1/3 Disc to the film. The engineers found that the specialized gear mechanism that was required to properly synch film and audio was easiest and ran the best at 24P! That is one of the primary reasons we still use it today....Happy New year!!
Hey, David! Yep, I did know that! I love to read up on Hollywood movie history myself and I'm doing so more and more. I've realized that when I was studying photography, we didn't get enough of that history...
Here in Belgium, the movie industry is super small but we do make some good ones every now and then 😊 And Matthias Schoenaerts is our guy (actor) in Hollywood at the moment. Maybe you've heard of him... it used to be Jean-Claude Van Damme... 🤔🤷🏻♂️😄
@@JorisHermans yes, I have heard of him...and I always liked Van Damme...My TH-cam channel will actually be mostly about Hollywood and it's history, initially. I have access to most of the Studios because I have worked at all of them, so I'll be able to shoot a lot at them. Should be Fun! keep up the good work, I always enjoy your Vids...
@@davidj.7906 sounds like fun AND super interesting!
Thanks. Good tips. I've been having judder issues with clips shot at multiples of 25fps in a 25fps timeline, because of the frequency of monitors (60hz). 30 fps or multiples seems to me, the safest bet, for viewing smoothly on monitors
That's always the issue and the main reason to stick to the NTSC/PAL regions settings: 30/60 fps for NTSC and 25/50 for PAL regions. If computer monitors aren't the problem, lighting can be a real pain in the ass...
unless you have a variable refresh rate (VRR) monitor and gpu support
Thank you very much!
I've watched almost all the videos on TH-cam,you are the only one who solved the flicker problem!
Thank you for supplying the red website!
You are a real genius!
Heel interessante video Joris! Kort maar krachtig, dat zijn de beste tutorials of info videos 🙂
That information is absolute GOLD thank you!
Glad it was helpful!
Man, I love your vids! Always super simple and to the point, and so easy for beginners to understand, or for pros to polish up and revise🤷🏻♂️👌🏼
I really don't understand why people are not talking about the shutter speed issue more. There is that 180 degree rule and I see tons of people shooting at 24p and 1/50. That's 181 degree. If anyone is that serious, first they should worry about this. I am in Eu and I usually shoot 24p 1/50 shutter but I just realized that 25p 1/50 is the exact correct 180 degree and yes that difference is important. For cinematic motion blur you need 1/48 shutter. If your camera can't do it than your 24p will still has the motion blur of 25p anyway because shutter speed sets the motion blur not the frame rate. Lol.. Anyway.. Nice channel Joris.
Oh, my, thank you for the video! I'm going on vacation soon and am planning to record video on both my phone and camera. During my last vacation I've noticed that the videos from the different sources did not match. Turned out my camera was set to 50fps and my phone to 60! I've set both to 60 now so i should be getting compatible videos that I can mix together when I get home. Thanks again, super informative!
If there is low light high ISO noise, I would definitely use 1/50 or 1/60 shutter instead of 1/125 or 1/100. With 50/60fps video played at the original speed, I feel 360 shutter looks most natural. More motion blur when slowed down tho.
Thanks Joris! Love your videos, brother. :) Blessings
Right back at ya! 🙏🏻💥
Golden tips!
Thanks Joris! I've got a new thing to try for my next video :)
Mol...that brought back memories. I had my first proper beer in Mol on a business tip some 20 years ago :D
Love your sense of humor 😁
Thank you for such clear explanation! Helped a lot!
Thanks for the video. What should I do if my B camera is NTCS only 30/60 fps and my A camera has the option for both and I'm filming in Europe or Asia and the final work will be viewed mostly on a 60 hertz monitor? Thank you.
I'd say shoot everything in 30 and 60.
@@JorisHermans thank you.
Great explanation, Mr. Hermans, Thank U so much.
This is a very good explanation, Joris! Learned some new things I will test myself.
First reply of another Joris. Brilliant! 😅🙏🏻 Edit: Unless I missed one 🤔
@@JorisHermans No problem Joris :). Joris is a good name for photographers and filmmakers! I am a Canon photographer myself (I saw your Canon M50 vids too). And we are living in neighbouring countries as well haha! I only found your channel today, but subscribed ofcourse.
This was incredibly informative!! Helped me work out why my footage was flickering - I cannot thank you enough!!
Glad it helped!
Excellent video. Thank you Joris.
Great video. It’s actually really hard to find this concise info anywhere.
i actually prefer 25fps over 24fps, One frame but it looks far smoother even in a 60hz screen. And if you guys have a ton of 24,25,30 and 60p footage and it becomes a mess, just export at 30 or 60p, There's no problem adding a lower framerate into a higher framerate timeline, its just gonna duplicate the frames, Just disable frame blending and weird stuff like that.
Also, you can shoot 60fps at 1/60 (which already looks better than at 1/125) at full speed and export at 60p, But you can also drop it into a 30p timeline which will look identical as 30fps 1/60 footage, there wont be judder or anything like that, So you can also slow it down by 50% or 60% when you want, Will look a bit blurry but it works.
Same goes for 50fps at 1/50 on a 25fps timeline
Yup. As long as you keep PAL/NTSC ratios then you can have them all mixed like that. So you could have 23.976, 29.97 and 59.94 footage on an NTSC 60fps timeline and the lower frame shots will just be frame duped on the interval. Output will be perfectly smooth assuming the footage was native shot or converted correctly. Same for a 25/50 PAL timeline. Good stuff.
Great video, thanks for the information. Sadly, I found out that to avoid flickering I had to switch to 25 fps on iPhone and it cuts off the possibility of shooting in 50 fps, only 60fps with flickering 🤯
Yoo thanks for the info! Definitely will consider when I shooting my videos man! 💯✔️🔥
One might want to shoot a music video in 25 fps because the audio is likely to be 44.1 kHz. This gives a nice, integral relationship between the frame rate and sample rate: 1764 audio samples per video frame. There's no easy relationship between 29.97 fps and 44.1 kHz. Even the relationship between 29.97 and 48 kHz audio, which is what cameras natively use is a little complicated: 8008 audio samples per 5 video frames. My sampling of TH-cam music videos is that all music videos I have seen use 44.1 kHz audio, most use 25 fps video, but I have seen a few 23.976 fps and a few 29.97. I even saw one at 59.94 fps with 44.1 kHz audio. So apparently video software understands the very long sample/frame cadence it would require to keep the audio in sync. But why not opt for the simple 25 fps / 44.1 kHz integral relationship which requires no cadence?
Super info. Thank you!
Thank you. This was very useful information. 🙂👍
Thanks for tips, really learnt alot all the way out in Botswana Southern Africa!!
Great info! Very helpful 👌
Glad I could help!
This is really really useful. Thanks
Great video thank you!, but just a quick info. Flickering only happens on light sources that runs on AC, where there is frequency. Computers and TV's actually converts AC to DC, so you should not see flickering since in DC there is no frequency. Now why do they convert to DC? simply cuz semiconductors need a constant power source to operate (DC).
AWESOME VIDEO THANKS!!!!
Thank you! I'm from Australia, watched all the top tutorials from American TH-camrs, everyone talk about 24,60,120fps.. I was very confused but not anymore after watch you video.
Super interessante video ! Het valt trouwens op dat er steeds meer vlamingen zijn die in perfect engels heel goeie tutorials en dergelijke op TH-cam posten !
Ik gebruik verschillende camera's voor mijn hobby-projectjes, met elk hun verschillende instelmogelijkheden. Het probleem dat zich stelt is dat ze niet allemaal zo flexibel zijn wat frame-rate.
Zo kunnen mijn Eos 90D en Sony RX10 in 4K op maximaal 25 fps opnemen. De andere camera's, voornamelijk DJI, kunnen wel hogere framerates aan. Is het dan het beste om bijvoorbeeld op 50 fps te werken op deze camera's (om slowmotion te kunnen gebruiken) ? Want ik veronderstel dat de combinatie van 25, 30 en 60 fps niet zo'n goed idee is ?
The Ramones is cool! The Vid too :-)
Hey! Ho! Let's go! 😎🙏🏻
Am trying to figure out how to film outdoor adventure video with a camera at a cinematic 24fps, but combining with GoPro footage at a faster frame rate (so I can slow down). Would shooting PAL at 25/50/100 make it easier to weave all these different FPS into the same, cinematic 24p/25p, timeline? Or would PAL look terrible when I export to online platforms like TH-cam?
How about asking "what is the delivery standard for my video and then filming at that frame rate!" If it is for broadcast then in 50 hertz countries it will be most likely 1880i50 or in 60 hertz countries ( ie USA) then its in 1080i60. Yes tv is mostly a an interlaced format (Google it). So if you want your to be satisfied with no jumpy pictures shoot 50 or 60 fps ( country dependant). You can always create a 25fps or 30 fps deliverable if the client needs it. If you are making your next theatrical release movie (and doesn't everyone), set your frame rate and post production to 24 fps as this has been the Cine standard fro nearly 100 years..Joris is correct to say that your capture frame rate should be reflected in your post production frame rate.
Remember the KISS principle.
Amazing explanation...Thanks a lot
Nice video! What about if you want to mix a smartphone camera (that only accepts 30 or 60 fps) and a DSLR camera ? Could convert the smartphone files in 24fps before edition or in the final export?
Very useful! thanks!
I have watched sports today swimming in particulary and I have saw flickering screens in the background. The broadcaster is probably using 60fps camera setting while the electrical frequency in Abu Dhabi is 50Hz. . .
thanks for the website, awesome !!!
Thank you, great explanation
You are welcome!
Really appreciate it, if you going to tell me why I have flickering always when I want to shoot something at my home. Camera Sony A7iii in PAL Mode ( Germany). Thanks in advance 🙏🏽
Thanks! Very helpful.
;-)
Your video was very helpful. Thanks you
Really helpful thanks so much
the problem is you can't adjust the monitor - 24/25 fps videos will look choppy/jumpy on 60hz monitors
I have a small doubt ?
When we shoot in 60fps with 100 shutter and we slow down to a 24fps time line at 40%. Looks like a lot of frame drops.
Hey bro - I have a question. I'm in the UK and my canon has 25 and 50 - but my phone is 30 and 60. I use the phone for overhead shots so would you reccomend I shoot in 25 on the camera, 30 on the phone and edit in a 25fps timeline?
Starts at 2:42
Bless your soul!
Thanks for the link🤩
I am not in Europe but I noticed the optimum fps for smartphones set by the manufacturer is 60 fps, at least in my region. So your video should be quite a relief for smartphone shooters.
Why does nobody talk about or use 48FPS? It seems a great smooth option, but never used.
48fps doesn't look good when played back on 60hz & 120hz displays
I'm in PAL country but there is one time when I shoot indoor, the camera flicker while I shoot in 25/50. When I change to NTSC, the camera didn't flicker
Wederom interessant!👍🏻
Thanks very helpful
Sony cameras make you format the SD card when changing between PAL and NTSC.
Maybe some do but my Sony camera certainly does not.
@@JorisHermans Which Sony camera do you have?
A7S III
Thank you very much 🙂
Most welcome 🙏🏻🔥
Most phone and computer screens don't have adaptive refresh rate and are fixed to 60 Hz so it seems to me playing back 50fps content always has stutter.
I found this video because I ran in some issues while editing video's.
I shot some video's on my last vacation with my actioncamera. Unfortunately somehow the camera got back to it's default settings, which activated looprecording and timestamp (verry annoying).
I'm using Pinnacle Studio Ultimate for video editing. So I decided to get te cut video's (looprecording) together first, to mach them on the right frame before going to remove the timestamp.
But there were also glitches in some frames at the point where video's got cut. This was every 3min. and so a lot. They were visible on playback. So I needed to remove these glitched frames manually. And actually here is where the problems started...
I've shot the video's in 60fps, importeded them in Pinnacle, removed the glitched frames, timed everthing together again and exported the video in 60fps again. But then still there were some glitches visible on these 3 min cuts. They where not visible on the timeline however or on playback here. First I got back and deleted an extra frame at the point where the glitch was visible. But this caused visible missing frames on playback.
But it seemed that my timeline was setup in 50fps PAL (since I live in Europe) and not the 59,9fps (NTSC). I choose for PAL because I'm living in Europe. But most devices record standard in 60fps. Not sure if I should keep editing in 50fps PAL or switch to 59,9fps NTSC now.
Guess importing a 60fps video on a 50fps timeline works good so far, unless you stay at 50fps export framerate after editing.
soo cool. thanks
Hey, loved the video. I wanted to ask a question.
I have a cannon 600D(old camera😅) and it supports a max of 50fps. Will I be able to get a slow motion video out of it? And what timeline fps should I set on premier pro for that slow motion effect?
Yep, set your timeline to 25fps and slow down 50%. Looks great 👌🏻
Hi Joris.. I really enjoyed your video👍. I want to make a travel video with some slow motions and normal speed, and want to upload on TH-cam. So will it be a good idea to shoot the whole video at 50fps PAL and timeline will be 25fps? If not please suggest.
Yep, that would work. Good compromise 👌🏻
tks!
the menu of sony a7iv is very differente, but... help de mais, parça!
So I understand what you and that RED website are showing... IF I shoot a gig in 24p at the shutter speed/angle that the website suggests, I can hand it off to my European counterparts who are shooting in 25p and it will cut together as it should? OR do I have to change my camera from NTSC to PAL and then shoot at 25p? Thank you.
This tip is just to avoid flickering lights so yeah if you work with people in Europe I would agree on one frame rate to shoot in to avoid problems when editing.
Hey Joris, thanks for these inputs. Here is my question. Let's say I shoot a video in 25 fps and upload it to TH-cam. What happens to my footage when someone watches the video on a Smart TV in an NTSC country? The TVs in NTSC countries have either 60 or 120 Hz. These numbers do not have a common denominator with 25 fps. Do Smart TV adjust the frequency (refresh rate) to fit the footage? Or, do they automatically interpolate the 25fps footage? The second option could lead to some jittering. So, how to handle this problem? What is the best frame rate to shoot on when considering the fact that TH-cam videos will be watched on TVs in NTSC and PAL countries? Thanks for your answer.
A lot of modern TVs do a pretty good job dealing with 3:2 pulldown and such so I think the “best” option is to shoot in 30 fps. Most of youtube videos are being watched on mobile devices and computers which are usually 60 or 120 hertz, even in PAL countries.
@@JorisHermans Thanks for the input. I highly appreciate it. I was thinking of switching to 30 fps for the same reason.
@@JorisHermans The only problem I have is that my 6D Mark ii does not shoot true 30fps, but only 29,97. Do you think it is a good idea to interpret 29,97 as 30 fps?
@@AndreasWiget 29.97 is merely the NTSC version of 30fps. There are 30 frames, they just playback .1% slower than non-NTSC 30fps would which is (30.000). I live in an NTSC country and PAL standard TH-cam videos play perfectly fine here at least well produced/encoded content. Granted 2 exact equivalents the NTSC version would likely be a bit smoother, but the pull down is so good on most TVs now that literally no user is going to notice or complain about it. The key is getting your PAL/NTSC ratios on point as well as a project timeline where they are the same or on PAL/NTSC ratios. Case in point, the NTSC version of 24fps is 23.976. 24frames, just played back .1% slower. Cinema is recorded and projected at 24fps even. Often later slowed down by .1% for North America home video release. Reason why NTSC does this was back in the 50s it was the way devised to fit RGB color information over a 60hz analog TV signal without interfering with the picture and sound - hence the "drop frame" and .1% slowdown was born. The speed difference is also imperceptible to the viewer. About 6 seconds longer than real time over a 2 hour period. So whenever you see a weird decimal rate close to a corresponding framerate, odds are it's the NTSC version. Here in North America, when talking about video (not cinema), 24, 30 and 60fps respectively, the NTSC version is assumed. Hope that helps.
great video thanks :) would 30 fps compared to 25 fps be any smoother when viewing, as has more fps
Yeah, 30fps will look a bit smoother.
I am in PAL country, used NTSC 4k/30fps with 1/50 shutter speed, worked well, .. but if i wanna shoot in 1080/60fps the shutter speed should be 1/100 but results in flickering so need to bring it way down.. (can't remember if it was 80 or 50) why is that 🤔 ?
Hi Joris! Maybe a strange question but does 25fps looks better as a still frame than a 50fps one?
Hey! Depends on what you mean by "better". The shutter speed is the key factor here. So, usually, in most cases, 25fps requires a shutter speed of 1/50th and 50fps a shutter speed of 1/100. That means that a 50fps frame will probably look sharper, less motion blur.
Thank you Joris very interesting. Question if I shoot and create a video in South Africa in PAL 25FPS, how will it playback when viewed in America which is NTSC 24FPS? Thanks
dank je wel Joris voor deze uitleg! En uw engels is zeer goed. Ik film steeds in 4K 50P omdat ik dan steeds de footage 50% kan vertragen bij bv een aftermovie. Ik film al jaren zo en het meeste dat ik film moet eigenlijk nooit in slowmo komen zoals toneelvoorstellingen, dansvoorstellingen, communies enz. Dus kan ik dan beter in 25P filmen en mijn shutter op minimum 1/50 zetten? Ik film met de panasonic DVX200 en GH5S. en kan bij 25P ook nog mooie slowmo hebben? thx
Hey Tom! Op zich als je 50p filmt kan je dat gewoon op een 25p tijdlijn bewerken zonder al te veel problemen aangezien er automatisch de helft van de frames verwijderd wordt. Nu, omdat er frames verwijderd worden kan het wel zijn dat er af en toe een schokje te zien is bij het pannen of bij snellere bewegingen als die juist samenvalt met een frame drop. Maar zeker niet zo erg als bijvoorbeeld 60p op een 24p tijdlijn. Dus als je er nooit "last" van gehad hebt is er niet echt een probleem en moet je inderdaad ook niet nadenken op voorhand wat je wil vertragen en wat niet. Het enige verschil is dat de bewegingsonscherpte er anders uitziet als je een sluiter van 1/100 gebruikt.
Filmen in 25p en een sluiter van 1/50 zal er dus inderdaad wel heel anders anders uitzien. Meer zoals een film maar op zich is dit puur persoonlijke smaak. En je kan het NIET vertragen. Een voordeel dat het wel heeft is dat er meer licht op de sensor komt dus je zou de ISO kunnen verlagen als die wat hoog is.
@@JorisHermans dag Joris. We hebben onze 1ste low budget speelfilm afgewerkt. Alles werd gefilmd door mij in 50P en sommige scenes werden vertraagd tot 50%. Nu wil men de film (nadat het geluid in surround werd afgemixt) branden op een blu ray in 24P. Is dit wel een goed idee? Ik heb hier geen ervaring mee maar ik vrees dat die "slowmotion scenes" gaan shocken. De film gaat vrijdagavond in premiere (lokaal vertoond) dus het kan nog aangepast worden. De man die het geluid verder afmixt van de film zegt dat bij het afspelen via laptop de kans erin bestaat dat screensaver of virusscaner de film kan onderbreken bij het afspelen. Daarom wil hij het via blu ray afspelen maar in 24p voor het filmisch effect.
@@BONLEV Werd de film op een 50p of 25p tijdlijn bewerkt?
This was very helpful, I just dont understand what fps to put on my timeline? Like what's the difference between 23.976 , 24 and 25 ?
24fps is the cinema standard. 23.976 is the broadcast equivalent based on NTSC frame rates and 25 is the PAL equivalent used in Europe for example.
hey Joris, please let me know, if I'm shooting vlogs Then what is the best mode for shoot that because if I'm going indoor and then outdoor it is totally different conditions, Should i shoot Shutter priority, aperture priority or anything else.. please help....?
Some cameras have an Auto Exposure mode where the camera automatically changes aperture and ISO. You could also try to use Auto ISO mode.
Is 50fps acceptable for filming skateboarding?
I noticed a huge difference (at least in France) between going to he movies & watching a French TV series. The movie looks "cinematic" while the TV series looks more like "real/lifelike". Is that due to fps? Which is used for each scenario then? Thank you!
Could be a difference in frame rate yes. Movies 99% of the time is true 24fps. Most TV shows like you see on Netflix are usually also shot in 24fps but soap operas and the news for example often are shot in higher frame rates.
@@JorisHermans thanks! I guess 30+ fps must be the norm for French soap opera.
If you watch those TV series (or even movies) on a TV set, then you might also get a so-called 'soap opera effect', caused by the TV settings for motion interpolation. Can be turned of on most of the TVs.
@@jd5787 France was a SECAM country (basically a derivative of PAL) so they use 25/50 standard. A French soap will almost certainly be shot at 50hz, incapsulated in a 25i container for broadcast. Originally 625i back in the day, but now a days HD with the PAL framerate retained. True 50hz in 25i has the motion of 50fps hence the lifelike appearance of the video. Cinema is 24fps and has motion blur but also depends on the shutter. Some more cinematic TV series on VOD made in Europe may be shot at 25p on Digital though and will look more like Cinema, just a bit smoother due to shutter speed, composition and cameras used.
Something I noticed on your example camera is that it doesn't allow the other frame rates when in a given mode. I've been telling people "a problem causing judder is the decimal frame rate, so use PAL mode to force it to give you a true frame rate, even at 30/60" ((this is paraphrased from my huge walls of text)) and now it seems that idea is false. So my question to you is; How do you force your camera to shoot in true frame rate and allow ALL frame rates without changing its mode? (Or at the very least an "NTSC Digital" mode that gives you true integer non-decimal frame rates for NTSC))
You can't force it. Some of the "cheaper" cameras allow it but most of the "cheaper" Sony cameras don't. Only the cinema cameras support true 24. Some Canon cameras support true 24 in DCI mode I think 🤔 🤷🏻♂️
I always film in 5o fps on 24 timeline mixed with normal speed and 50% slow mo, always works smooth
You'll get even better motion by filming at 60 (59.94 NTSC) assuming you finish at the NTSC version of 24 which is 23.976. If you use the true cinema version of 24 (24.000 exactly) then non-NTSC ratios of 30.000 and 60.000 would be perfect interchangeable intervals. Although the non-NTSC versions of 30 and 60 are rather uncommon.
thank you... do more videos
Mol of all places.
Please... Mol CITY! ... 🤨😂
Hi! My footage was taken at 50i using my Sony A7 as recommended by Sony. The property shows the frame rate is 25fps. However DaVinci Resolve 17 recognise it as 50fps. Shall I use 50fps to edit or 25fps？Many thanks!
No idea! I'm not familiar with interlaced frames 🤔
I think that eventually, both NTSC and PAL regions should settle on a single framerate as standard. To my eyes, 25 and 30fps look nearly identical and all modern screens can display up to 60Hz, even in Europe.
I'm guessing that hasn't happened because of the work it would require?
Not unless electricity frequency changes in either region…which isn’t gonna happen 😭
@@EverythingCameFromNothing that’s true. Personally I prefer the higher framerate but they need to get rid of this 29.97 nonsense. We aren’t using color CRT televisions anymore for broadcast
@@Alexrocks1253 yeah, I remember watching a show on why they had to do it originally, something to do with interference 🤔 🤷♂️ hopefully that’s not an issue anymore…again 🤷♂️
We’ll ALL just be streaming in a few decades once the boomers don’t need FTA anymore 🤷
25/50 if the lights are 50hz, 24-30-60 if its 60hz, but in 60hz, 30p-60p would be better specially if you don't want to slow down some 60fps footage, so you get twice motion blur and lesser jittery, in 24fps if you shoot 60fps you get a motion blur of 2.5x so the jittery is so visible, I've been banging my head around these and I though shutter speed would compensate if I bump it up and down, then it hit me, so I tested it turns out I was right.
If you usually shoot in 24p why not still shoot in 100fps to keep the ISO/noise down?
But if I want to shoot in 24fps I can't shoot in 100fps, right 😉
@@JorisHermans 😑 - I´ll have my coffee next time before I start typing.
I like to shoot 24 FPS and export/edit on 24 FPS timeline in my editing program. But what if i have to add some slow motion sequences and I shoot at 60FPS for those. How do I mix them together on the 24 FPS timeline? I thought the editing software would just figure it out on its own. If i want to mix in slo-mo scenes shot at faster frame rates, what do you suggest I do? I see tons of TH-cam videos, including yours, that have slo-mo and it seems pretty seamless with no issues. Thanks
Just slow down the 60fps footage to 40%. 60fps slowed down to 40% is the equivalent of 24fps. In Davinci Resolve you can also set the "clip attributes" of the 60fps clip to 24fps... Same thing.
@@JorisHermans Thank you sir 👍Do you have a link to a good TH-cam tutorial for Davinci Resolve set up and use? Never used it before and thinking of trying it out
thank's thank's thank's !!!!
useful 7mins.
this video which mood shoot.......25 or 50 fps....
brasil how frame ?
why can america not do 25 or 50fps?
You can but you have to use a shutter speed of 1/60 or 1/120 because of the 60Hz electrical system.
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🙏🙏
fiquei pensativo! No bom sentido...