Let Me Explain Tensegrity...
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 9 พ.ย. 2023
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Held together by its own stress. Now that's relatable content
😂
😆 😅
perfect, now i have a perfectly reasonable explanation as to how i have not collapsed from stress yet.
E
Yes it's like the government giving us enough help just to keep us somewhat satisfied so we don't come barging in thier doors.
The middle string is holding it together while the outer ones are balancing it. all are under some form of tension. The middle is preventing it from falling down the 3 side are preventing it from fallin left or right or any lateral direction.
Thank you. Now it makes actual sense.
Simplified explanation ty now its clear for me now
Yeah it's literally just hanging with some guy wires to keep it from falling over. Looks funny because most of the mass is above the point of suspension, but you could rearrange things to seem a lot less magical without changing the physics much.
Minor nitpick: I think it's fair to say that all the wires are involved in keeping it together. But the middle one is the one that's holding it _up_
@@douglaswolfen7820this is EXACTLY what I was thinking
That center cable be like: "Really!!? You're not even going to mention how I'm holding all of the weight above from falling strait down!?"
straight
George Strait down?
@@LemThurdy420 Straits of Hormuz down.
@@RCAvhstape makes sense!
The center cable really is of central importance!
I’m a woodworker and build tensegrity furniture like end tables and accent tables. Not only are they beautiful,they are a great conversation piece.
I had been wondering how well/efficiently this would scale up (although technically I imagined it should). If you put uneven weight on the top, say like a stack of books to one side of the table does this have an effect on the equilibrium? How stable/robust are they? I’m assuming you have to be extremely precise with your measurements etc.
What do you use for your cabling?
@@danweyant4909 I use 3/16” steel braided cables with stainless steel fittings, similar to what they use for zip lines. It has over 840 lb. working strength, and over 4,000 lb. breaking strength. The framework is solid oak so together it makes for a very strong piece. I am about 270 pounds, and sat Indian style on one of my accent tables to demonstrate it’s strength. The only drawback is that because of the cabling, the pieces are a bit wobbly for a dining room table. It could easily hold the weight but one bump and drinks would be splashing everywhere.
@@danweyant4909cum
@@mai3cleI'm guessing the cables would have to as strong as any wooden legs, joints or braces would be, which should not be a problem. ??
"The only thing that keeps it standing is constantly being under tension"
Same here little table... same here...
lol
Lol
183.2w
@@mihailmilev9909did you just read the power in watt your lightbulb emits?
@@mihailmilev9909what's 183.2 relatable to
For those still confused, the outer strings can't fall because the middle string can't stretch farther, and vice versa.
Yeah
My only question was why it doesn't collapse straight down. Where's the upward force to keep the top from falling down?
@@disturbed157Falling straight down would stretch the string in the very middle
@@disturbed157 The only ascending force in this structure is human stupidity.
Only magnetism could explain all this.
@BayeDjibrilSamb or you could make one yourself.
My stools are pretty stable and I only have two legs.
😂😅
these jokes are genuinely incredible
that's a genuinely good joke
fantastic! 😂👏🏻
No matter how much I begin to understand this, it's such a mind boggling thing to see.
Bruh, I don't want to be offensive, but... how on Earth are you confused by this?
@@anima1-1 Not really confused by it but rather astonished at how unintuitive it looks. I understand how it works but the way it works is fascinating.
@@DJPastaYaYhence why it’s in physics! Confusion in a science
@@anima1-1because at first glance it makes no fucking sense as to how everything is held together.
For anyone curious, the maker of this particular model is Kontax - they primarily make little Stirling engine models, which are excellent.
Well that's a website I should avoid then
@@dielaughing73?
@@Coolturtle95too much money to be spent ig
@@Coolturtle95 I think they want to avoid the website for fear of depleting their bank account by purchasing too many items. 😂
@@rar20111 oh
Don't forget the most important part about that. All the tension is on the center one, so better. Make sure that that's one strong string.
The center one is providing all the "up" tension. But there's still tension in the other three wires. If there wasn't any tension then they wouldn't be exerting any significant force on the top plate, and they wouldn't be stopping it from falling over
Not all tension, but the large majority of it. I say that because if you had an object on the table all the way to the side, the opposing perimeter string would also be under tension
@@douglaswolfen7820 they are just stablizers. that's all.
@@7kortos7 and they are stabilizing with what? Tension. Just like Douglas said 😂
@@tracyh5751 got so confused until I realised there were two Douglas’
The best earthquake proof building design.
От ветровой нагрузки устанешь😅
Is there an example of a building that uses a tensegrity structural system for resisting earthquake or lateral loading?
That would be such a good stool design for like a futuristic themed restaurant/bar
I was thinking about building stools like that after watching this
😊😊😊😊😊😊😊@@mgelliott86
I need to see a table made like this
Same
I know that there's at least one instance of a person making a chair like this on youtube, look it up, it's pretty cool.
Look up Evan and Katelyn Tensegrity Table, they made a side table of this!
That would definitely be a beautiful peace ... I would just kill time looking at it.
I'm not sure if I can come back to you so I'll thank you in advance for the suggestion. I love watching Evan and Katelyn but I don't remember seeing them make that table. I'll look it up right now.
It’s the same principle (sort of) as a bicycle wheel. Loads are carried by the spokes at the top of the wheel. Every other spoke is providing stability.
you can use ropes as spokes and it works exactly the same as solid spokes
@@tbounds4812Are you being serious? I can actually see that happening. Maybe it wont be as stable as using normal material but I think that might work. I have seen these structures but I never thought about doing that with a wheel. Which it most likely would work if building it correctly and with strong enough material too.
@@9richy6bram8 yeah man google it i was suprised aswell
@@9richy6bram8 i think there is downsides thats why we use solid spokes but rope wheels perform really good
@@tbounds4812 I think the problem is that 1. the process of actually truing the wheel would be harder (you usually have a threaded nut thing on bike spokes to tighten them, ropes cannot be threaded) and 2. ropes just aren't strong or inelastic enough.
"How is that possible"
My explanation: it just is
The Schrödinger seat
Just like Santa Claus.
Thanks for the explanation. Still have no clue how it works despite your description and visualizations being simple and clear so I’m just gonna say it’s magic.
Took me longer than this short to realize that if you/the gravity pushes down the top part, the middle band is indeed being stretched. So:
- Centre band prevents the top part to fall top to bottom.
But the top part could still rotate (around where the elastic is attached) and fall.
-the side bands prevent these rotations as explained in the video.
Ignore the previous reply😂
It IS magic
Another description:
The top & bottom plates want to to collapse in on one another.... right?
- yes, naturally...> gravity
The center arms prevent that from happening via a single line of TENSION
😂
Dude, how?
The middle takes the stress the rest just keeps it aligned
The little string in the middle holds the weight, and the rest of the strings balance it.
It holds the weight PLUS the tension of the others.
The middle wire holds the weight. Why do all of these explanations fail to mention that critical fact? The other wires are just for balance.
For those not understanding it. The middle wire is short, and the upper metal part hangs below it, so it can "carry" the top. Because the tension of the wires prevent it from collapsing sideways, and the middle one being to short for it falling straight down it keeps standing up.
Where do we need to attach the fourth outer cable to make the table stable in the fourth dimension. 🤔
I can't stop thinking about this. I'm determined to find the answer
yes! in 3d it will probably look like it's collapsing into itself if there isnt a fourth cable?
I thought the 4th dimension was time
In the two-dimensional case, the top and bottom pieces are one-dimensional lines. In the three-dimensional case, the top and bottom pieces are two-dimensional planes. So in the four-dimensional case, the top and bottom pieces will be three-dimensional solids. For simplicity, think of them as tetrahedra, with the four "stabilizer" cables being attached to the four vertices of each tetrahedron in pairs, and the single "support" cable being attached to some sort of outriggers corresponding in some way to the centers of the tetrahedra in such a way that pushing the tetrahedra towards each other tensions that support cable. I can't visualize that outrigger, but, then again, neither can you. ;-)
@@vectusvalorian It's all relative. Maybe Time is the third dimension and Depth is the fourth dimension... 🤔
All tensegrity structures are reliant on the tensile strength of the singular wire in the center, including the two arms that they are attached too.
But when it comes to stability you only need three points.
The bridge that was built in Brisbane requires regular maintenance checks, you should speak with those who perform the maintenance on the bridge.
Which bridge?
Edit: Nvm, found it. Live right by there and I never knew
actually, the original tensegrity structures were not these very popular tables. Snelson, Emmerich and probably Ioganson devised tensegrities with different shapes & no center cable. Here’s how to make a 6-strut quasi-icosahedron: th-cam.com/video/RuEjQ228sy0/w-d-xo.htmlfeature=shared
That’s not what stability means. Stability is the tendency of an object to return to equilibrium when outside forces are removed. You’re talking about rigidity, which is an entirely different thing.
@@StoneInMySandal Equilibrium is not Stability.
Two trucks pushing each other exerting the same force in newtons has nothing to do with gravity either because friction is always at play.
A three legged stool acquires stability via frictional forces and gravity is the catalyst that exerts a force generating friction at three points only and that is the foot of each leg.
If there was no friction the legs would just spread amounting to no stability.
@@21gioniare you saying you expect a three legged stool on an ice rink would fail to hold you up?
I’m considering building tensegrity outdoor bench on my front porch to confuse my neighbors.
And after that happens you'll just throw it out because it served its purpose?
@@adamguitar1498 perhaps
Do it with wire so thin they can’t see it from a distance and think it’s just floating. To really break their minds, make a stool the same way some high strength fishing line may do the trick or some braided steel
Cord
Use levitating magnets to really confuse them 👍
This is a great example of how science can seem magical to people who dont understand it
I want to make a dinner table like this and see how long it takes for thanksgiving to go wrong
2 minutes and 7 seconds
@@davemiller638oddly specific
I was actually thinking of making a coffee table after seeing this video
@@Diekolola10do it and post photos & observations! I'd love to see that. If you actually do it, I'll give you my contact info to share if you want.
Oh, that's not really a good idea. Even though tables like this stand kinda stable, they can shake and oscillate nonetheless. Also, it all depends on cords' strength and flexibility - the more durable they are, the londer it can stand before any incidents, and the more elastic they are, the more it will shake.
You know, it somewhat symbolize a situation where 3 people works best not because they have the same goal, but because individually none would want to fail. Thus, by chance, they all support each other.
not at all. the little wire is taking on like 80% of the load, the others seem like they're doing a lot but are just preventing tilt, with this load bias the structure would tilt to the right. you couls probably cut the right wire and keep the structure in equilibrium
@@frotterybut without the other 2 it would collapse, that's the point
@@frottery just like a group project in school then
team 7...of a famous manga ^^
@@DeletedDevilDeletedAngelput the whole thing in a tube and u only need the center wire
I love tension integrity, and I love making tension integrity sculptures it's surprisingly easy and feel like magic
Thank you for finally explaining it in a way for me to understand
I never thought of tensegrity structures in terms of dimensions but its so obvious now that you mention it.
I have to admit, my brain refuses to accept this concept
Yeah I mean I know it’s a real thing and it sort of makes sense that it would work but part of my mind just rejects it whenever I see one of these things. It’s just so bizarre compared to how we normally make things stay upright
Just think in the string in the middle, the top cannot directly fall down because it would stretch the cable in the mid, so it can only ever fall side ways, thats where the other 3 surrounding cables come into play, any of them would need to stretch if the top fall sideways.
It essentially just an object hanging from a string (the middle one). I'm sure you can understand that. However, its a weirdly shaped object that would tople right over without stabilization. That's what the other strings do. They pull each side down, putting more strain and tension on the middle string in order to hold it still and in the air.
thats the explanation that helped me@
@@cyruspowers7355honestly you helped me understand it pretty easily!!!
I need a bedside table like this because that would be very cool
Oddly nice, and a beautiful piece of artistic showmanship for Tye inventor.
I want there to be a chair made like this
Edit: omg I've never had over 300 likes on a comment
it's already available: chair, table, bed, etc.
You've seen that table with the 4 buckets of sand right?
@@ocarinafrek I haven't actually
@@Dimaz42 where?
Go further... I'd be interested to see if an entire building could be designed with this principle, or some kind of big outdoor gazebo or something like that.
This is how the muscles in your abdomen and hips works too
you might like the BiotensegriTea Party episodes here on youtube!
Ohh interesting!
no, the tension load is on the spinal joints not on the abdomen muscles, abdomen muscles are more like the outer strings if the middle one was a stack of legos held together by elastic bands wrapped around each connection and from the top to the bottom.
@@NakujaChan so in summary, n'yesn't it is
I was thinking more specifically about the relation between the balance of your hips and what your abdomen (referring to everything above your hips and below your ribs) does to compensate and vice versa. Obviously it's not 100% true because there's a spine in there.
A very similar one sat on my physics teacher's desk when I was young. It was about 40 years ago. My teacher loved building such structures, and today I see it on the Internet after all these years 👍🙂☝️❤️
I made a ton of unique tensegrity structures for one of my architecture studio classes lol, it’s pretty fun but also completely combinatorial - using any number of tension and compression elements in 3:1 ratio you can basically generate any irregular polyhedral 3D structure you want via tensegrity
Randy Marsh has entered the chat
Theoretically, where would you put the 4th cable to support it in the 4th dimension?
Somewhere in the 4th dimension, which we couldn’t comprehend
Dont worry it will stand the test of time and space
If you generalize, in 2D the table top is a 1D segment, in 3D its a 2D plane, in 4D it would be a 3D hyperplane. You can project the tabletop only and visualize it as a cube or a ball depending on your artistic choice for the table.
In 2D, the outer cables are attached at two points. Their position is trivial. In 3D, the outer cable are attached in a triangular pattern. In 4D, the outer cable would be attached in a tetrahedron, the generalization of a triangle. You can visualize the ball or cube of your tabletop and the 4 anchor point arrange in a tetrahedron inside of it.
Now, the cable themselves extend in the direction perpendicular to the table top. In 2D, it's just the only axis perpendicular to the axis of the tabletop. In 3D it's the only axis normal to the plane of the tabletop. In 4D, its the forth axis that isn't part of the cube or ball we projected on our 3D space. There no real way of visualizing it, but you can imagine it to link the table top to the base support which is exactly the same shape with the same anchor point, only shifted in the direction of the 4th axis (think of the analog thing in the 3D table, where the base has the same shape as the top but at a different position).
Finally, the center cable, when viewed from the top in the 3D case, is attached in the center of the table top. View from the side, it extends somewhere between the tabletop and the base. In 4D, it would be attached "below" the cube, in the 4th axis direction, and below the center of the ball or the cube.
In general, in nD, you would have an (n-1)D tabletop and base, with n cables attached at each vertex of an (n-1)D simplex (the generalization of a triangle), and the center cable would be attached somewhere "below" the center of the simplex.
@@jonasdaverio9369 The biggest problem with the 4d case is trying to imagine the forces involved... I had to visualize some objects/masses sitting on one "side" of the table sphere's volume, with gravity trying to pull them through along the 4th dimension towards the "base ball" (hah), in order to make sense of any of it.
Directly through the first one for about 37.5% of its length I presume.
So glad I clicked on this video, please keep the tutorials coming!🔥
I simply love this channel.❤ My inquisitiveness has got wings now.. it's flying ❤🎉😂
For those wanting to know how to generalize it to n dimensions:
If you generalize, in 2D the table top is a 1D segment, in 3D its a 2D plane, in 4D it would be a 3D hyperplane. You can project the tabletop only and visualize it as a cube or a ball depending on your artistic choice for the table.
In 2D, the outer cables are attached at two points. Their position is trivial. In 3D, the outer cable are attached in a triangular pattern. In 4D, the outer cable would be attached in a tetrahedron, the generalization of a triangle. You can visualize the ball or cube of your tabletop and the 4 anchor point arrange in a tetrahedron inside of it.
Now, the cable themselves extend in the direction perpendicular to the table top. In 2D, it's just the only axis perpendicular to the axis of the tabletop. In 3D it's the only axis normal to the plane of the tabletop. In 4D, its the forth axis that isn't part of the cube or ball we projected on our 3D space. There no real way of visualizing it, but you can imagine it to link the table top to the base support which is exactly the same shape with the same anchor point, only shifted in the direction of the 4th axis (think of the analog thing in the 3D table, where the base has the same shape as the top but at a different position).
Finally, the center cable, when viewed from the top in the 3D case, is attached in the center of the table top. View from the side, it extends somewhere between the tabletop and the base. In 4D, it would be attached "below" the cube, in the 4th axis direction, and below the center of the ball or the cube.
In general, in nD, you would have an (n-1)D tabletop and base, with n cables attached at each vertex of an (n-1)D simplex (the generalization of a triangle), and the center cable would be attached somewhere "below" the center of the simplex.
The gravity force would be pulling in the same direction as the cables, so normal to the hyperplanes of the tabletop and base.
@@jonasdaverio9369 there's no reason anyone would want to generalize tensegrity into n dimensions. Nobody has any reason to care what the orientation of a 4th dimensional table top will be, because nobody will ever be using tables in the 4th dimension..
@@SineEyed No one thought we'd ever need quaternions (4D extension of complex numbers) when William Rowan Hamilton invented/discovered them in 1845 either and now they're integral to large matrix rotation operations, at the heart of every GPU to calculate object rotations as well as (orbital) flight dynamics in satellites and planes.
Who knows what the mathematical abstraction of stabilizing a tensegrity structure in 4D space might solve in the future. It might be essential to the operation of your quantum toaster in a century or two.
@@Soken50 I certainly hope I'm not still alive in a century or two, but the idea of living long enough to see the advent of quantum toasters _does_ appeal to me, I have to admit. 😋
To your point--I actually anticipated someone making the counterargument you just gave. I'm not claiming that thinking of things out into higher dimensions have not or will not serve a purpose. I'm only saying that there is not and will not be any purpose served for this kind of thinking applied to three dimensional systems/structures. Tensegrity structures are all about tension and compression; but what is compression in a higher dimension? No one knows, and no one ever will. It's a meaningless concept. Higher dimensions and any practical use we might find from thinking about them, exist only in the theoretical, in the conceptual. They can only truly apply to mathematics, as mathematics are intrinsically conceptual themselves..
@@SineEyed There are higher dimensional models of physics like string theory where forces apply to more than 4 spatial dimensions so while it is all still theoretical, there is some value in exploring it to try and reconcile the standard and quantum models of physics together someday.
The Middle String is Lifting up the whole thing and the 3 on the Outside are just supports
I have one like this in my classroom, it's a great conversation point.
This video made me feel all the emotions.
I think this isn't tensegrity by the strict definition, because the posts in the middle have a curve and there's both tension and compression with the same piece of metal. By the strict definition tensegrity structures are made with only straight poles that are loaded in compression along their length and wires in tension.
Look up Kenneth Snelson, who worked with Buckminster Fuller, or Georges Emmerich; both devised tensegrity independently. Fuller invented the word. We study it in biology: biotensegrity. see the BiotensegriTea Party episodes here on youtube for more info.
lol this object literally is the first example of tensegrity online… you’re wrong.
@@DOC_951 Look at the Wikipedia page. "members loaded in either pure compression or pure tension, which means that the structure will only fail if the cables yield or the rods buckle." ... "Because of these patterns, no structural member experiences a bending moment and there are no shear stresses within the system".
In the structure in this video the two curved members in the middle, as well as the round discs at top and bottom, clearly experience bending moments.
@@barneylaurance1865the word tensegrity literally means tension & integrity.
Now think about it. It’s a structure suspended by tension and surround by stabilizing wires that give it integrity
I've seen this thing so many times and finally someone makes it make sense
I have never identified with something more in my life. I am forever held together by stress…
*BRILLIANT* the thing about a tripod is that it’s stable on an uneven surface
For anyone curious, this is my life
👍 Wonderful and beautiful structure. Thank you very much for sharing.
I now want all my furniture built on this concept.
Make one in 4D
4d is time, so they did that already.
@@seanrobinson6407 How about a 4th spatial dimension?
@@yeroca 4d, once again, is a temporal (time) dimension, not spatial. When you see 3d objects change, age, move, etc. That object is in the 4th dimension. So to answer your question how about a 4th spatial dimension...no. or better yet, you explain it to me.
@@seanrobinson6407 Um, so,. you can define a theoretical space (not our three-spatial dimension case) as having as many spatial dimensions as you like... at least mathematically. You can mathematically describe objects in higher dimensional spaces, and then project them down to 3D or 2D spaces to get some feeling about what they are like. The objects are typically called "hyperX", for example, a cube in four dimensions is called a hypercube. In String theory, space has a lot more than three spatial dimensions, but the spatial dimensions outside the three that we are familiar with are bound up like loops and are incredibly tiny.
@@yeroca um, so... You need to get a few things straight. 1 d is represented as a dot, 2d is represented as a line, 3d is space in all directions often represented as a cube. 4d is those spatial dimensions moving through the temporal dimension of time. A time line. Space time. Get it? There are dimensions above 4d, some of which are theoretical which is what I think you were attempting to describe. I didn't make up or determine any of them. My original statement was that they made a 3d object in the 4th dimension of time. Which is completely pedestrian, as we all do that. You exist in 4d. There are books and websites that will explain dimensions to you, and perhaps then you will accept that we live in 4d which is space moving through time. I don't know what else to tell you.
How to speak for 60 seconds without saying anything
lmao sounds like you just didn't understand
Dos piezas sólidas cuyos centros de masa están a una distancia determinada gracias a dos tensiones opuestas, tomando como referencia cualquiera de las piezas, una de las tensiones trata de acercar los centros de masa y la otra de alejarlos, si los acerco la tensión que trata de alejarlos aumenta y la tensión que trata de acercarlos disminuye y viceversa, es así que si la fuerza externa se suprime los centros de gravedad vuelven a su posición inicial una de la otra.
I have never seen one of these in person so I always wondered how those things work. It never occurred to me that the links were elastic.
You can think of it as the middle one pulling the two pieces away from eachother and those three are pulling them together and balancing the structure at the same time.
I feel like a tensegrity chair has the opportunity to be super comfortable
This would pretty cool to have as a dinner table and chair set
That’s so cool thank you for making this
i would see even a mini house, a garden Shelter with a roof like this, with the ruber in the center, and table and seats around...would be impressiv and so cool !!
people would have fear that the roof fall on their head
Held together by opposing forces.
The 3 outer strings stop it from being pulled apart while the 1 inner string stops it from being pulled together.
“Screw it!”
*Cuts one of the elastic bands.*
"Yusuf, I'm not comfortable." Lmfao 😂
The center wire is acutally what's keeping the "tabletop" up. The outer wires are pulling it back towards the center so it stays in place.
Now I actually get it. The 2D example is very helpful 👍🏿
It’d be cool to see a slow motion of the center cable being cut.
It gives off "fly witha a magnet hat" energy
i wanna go to a bar with tensegrity stools lol
The bottom pole to the top pole: “let go bro”
Middle one : weight
Others : balance
That little model could honestly help builder's if they based their building's this way.
The way i see it, the bottom of the top part hangs from the little string attached to the top of the bottom part. Strings in the periphery centers it.
Architects! Make a giant building with this concept
It looks realy good and bravo to who ever discovered it...
The center cable got no mention but did all the work. 😂😅
Stool can have two legs if the legs are wide enough. I used to have a stool like that growing up.
This is mind-blowing.
Thank you for posting!
🤯🤖
Thank you, 28 years old and it's my first time ever hearing of this concept. I saw it in a picture once and thought it was an optical illusion 😅
I giggled like a toddler when he flicked it
I never thought to reverse pick pocket a grenade into Colter, that is brilliant
. . . it works because the center string is pulled tight, pulling the ends in opposite directions because the ends are opposed to each other and the outer strings keep the ends from moving apart,the trick is those inside pieces that are curved over each other, the table could be built in reverse and it would be more like a cable suspension table
That'll make an awesome, trippy looking chair
So the middle strand is the key strand that holds it all up!
that's visually spectacular
The bottom is falling from the top, which is falling from the bottom.
Oh. My. God. The moment you flipped it to 2D I immediately understood in a second.
Sometimes just a shift a perspective really does the trick huh.
👏👏👏👏👏 Awesome explanation ty!!
Tensegrity = Tense Integrity
Finally, scientists managed to name something good for once
This must be how my brain doesn’t break, but seriously I do need one of those as a small table on a desk.
A key thing to keep in mind with anything that exploits tensegrity is that the majority (but not all) of the stress is on that central cable, so don't cheap out on it!
Tell me the word is a mashup of tension and integrity
The bottom half holds the strings and creates a space in the middle higher than the top half to suspend from. The top half wants to fall and is held by the wire in the middle, balanced out by the outside threads
The fact that I know how this works, but it's still mind boggling
Imagine being able to construct buildings in earthquake prone areas based off this
i want this as a proper table!
if you think about it, it’s almost like an upside down stool, however gravity is replaced with the middle string
I built one with my uncle back in 2021. Coolest table
That is awesome, I need one of these for something.
After years of seeing these and hearing people explain how it works, I still say it's sorcery
just like me. i'm stress enough to the point i'm not collapsing anymore