Pomegranate Cultivation

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 3 ธ.ค. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 186

  • @sunkaramasarrao8623
    @sunkaramasarrao8623 8 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    wonderful information to ordinary people in our society, Thank you very much.

  • @siddharthab7614
    @siddharthab7614 8 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    Too much chemicals , Zero budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) way will give better result , cost effective n healthy for now n forever.

  • @aksharmaa
    @aksharmaa 9 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I am big fan of Shramajeevi, this is excellent channel, you should also put this in Hindi and some other languages so that it should reach more and more farmers...thanks for Job

  • @ImranKhan-fs8zs
    @ImranKhan-fs8zs 9 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    u know sir ..I will start soon a goat farm..bcozz of u.I was up load your hindi goat farm documentry ..then I get knolage...

  • @aminashukoor4467
    @aminashukoor4467 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    You are doing a great service to students like us... Keep doing great jobs

  • @mirapokharelsapkota6078
    @mirapokharelsapkota6078 8 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Very inspired
    Frm , kathmandu , Nepal .

  • @annichka8711
    @annichka8711 7 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you from Tucson, Arizona. So many videos on what to do with the seeds. I need information on caring for the tree.

  • @mininaturalfarm
    @mininaturalfarm 8 ปีที่แล้ว +16

    The only reason you have pests is because of monoculture and insecticides. By applying insecticides, you are not only killing the pests but also the predators of the pests. Since the life cycle of pests is often shorter than that of their predators, once you stopping applying insecticides, you end up with even more pests. Pests also develop immunity against insecticides in the long-run. This is a vicious cycle. Chemical farming is a curse, not a solution.

    • @hemajoshi9703
      @hemajoshi9703 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Love Lies Bleeding Mini Natural Farm

    • @bullet4922
      @bullet4922 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Well said

  • @VoiceBodo
    @VoiceBodo 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Pomegranate my favourite fruit...

  • @greenvaley07
    @greenvaley07 7 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Good video with excellent presentation...but the chemical and fertiliser dose should be given in commercial form...Farmer will be confused in Nitrogen, phosphors or other dose like ppm etc, batter to provide the dose in urea or ssp etc form..For example Nitrogen is commercially available in the form of urea fertiliser and its contains 46% of nitrogen its means that from 100 gm of urea we will get 46 gm of nitrogen, and to get 200 gm nitrogen we need 435 gm of urea. For 100 gm of Phosphors we need 625 gm Single Super Phosphate (SSP) ie 16% and for 100 gm potash we need 165 gm MOP fertiliser ie 60% ..On the other hand Rooting hormone IBA 1000 ppm (parts per million)concentration means 1mg /1 litr.

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes sir, you are right. But we are also in confusion because there are many new combinations coming in to market and its availability varies from state to state. So, we give chemical wise which creates confusion in the minds of farmers.

  • @rakshithareddy707
    @rakshithareddy707 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    thank u sr ,it is very useful information

  • @ImranKhan-fs8zs
    @ImranKhan-fs8zs 9 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    thanks u very much sir...for replay..

  • @mousumidas117
    @mousumidas117 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    sir my pomegranate plant is 3years old it is in a 20inches pot,flowers are coming but not the fruit .please let me know what care to be taken.

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      You may be getting male flowers. Keep it in full sunlight, give good manure and less water. You will get dioceous (bisexual) flowers which will bear fruit. Wait for another season.

  • @anilrawat9709
    @anilrawat9709 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    well job done by Shramjeevi, best of luck for your future.

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Anil Singh Thank you sir. We are launching 24x7 satellite TV channel in Kannada later this year. The same will be available on the internet in Hindi and English.

  • @bkbiswas1717
    @bkbiswas1717 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    good , watching from Dhaka , Bangladesh .....

  • @Gurpreetkhus
    @Gurpreetkhus 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    wow our india is no,1...good luck,,nice video,,,

    • @Gurpreetkhus
      @Gurpreetkhus 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      perro ladrador poco mordedor.

  • @alphafarmer
    @alphafarmer 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    very helpful video. thanks allot

  • @devaslb9639
    @devaslb9639 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    100 percent super video like it

  • @mdjuyel8924
    @mdjuyel8924 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Love from Bangladesh.

  • @mehmetsaitsuner9056
    @mehmetsaitsuner9056 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    I Have 54000m2 erly wonderful garden.But flowers problem.What ti make flowers.thank you

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Consult local horticulture scientist or expert. It could happen due to many reason

  • @LeifLorentz
    @LeifLorentz 8 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Bleaching powder? Too many chemicals...

  • @m.mariappan8663
    @m.mariappan8663 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    very good work done for society & you

  • @GandharPomoFarm
    @GandharPomoFarm 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very good and knowledge full video

  • @wallnut7669
    @wallnut7669 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    sir,how can i have pomegranate seedlings here in the philippines?

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Sir you may import tissue cultured plants. But importing live plants needs lots of formalities. So first consult horticulture department of your country.

  • @sandydeep8140
    @sandydeep8140 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    can we plant in October

  • @srilekh30
    @srilekh30 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    please also explains about machine used and exports and marketing please guide

  • @zafarbhatty
    @zafarbhatty 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    pls. let me know treatment of curl leave virus.

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Sir for any viral disease there is no effective treatment. Removal of the plant is the only option. However if the infestation is not affecting the economic yield you may continue with the plant. But certainly you can't cure it.

  • @milkdistrictfarmer
    @milkdistrictfarmer 8 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    very nice job for our farmer ,this is catalyst for extension work and farmer, all farmer not visit this field but this documentary is bridge bee twin farmer and technolodgy

  • @CharlesAsabaposhfamily
    @CharlesAsabaposhfamily 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    how many purposes pomegranate

  • @mohammadzeeshan0181
    @mohammadzeeshan0181 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir My pomegranate plant leaf coming yellow so what can I do please give me best solution

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      It could be some nutrient deficiency or disease. Show to some horticulture scientists

  • @srilekh30
    @srilekh30 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thanks sir for such an great video could you please upload such another video on hrmn99 variety of Apple

  • @syed143100
    @syed143100 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    thank you for making this video.can you please make a video on mango cultivation also thank you

  • @sanjanasams7848
    @sanjanasams7848 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    precautions to take before plantations

  • @rajaramkhaire7155
    @rajaramkhaire7155 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Nice video,thanks

  • @RakibHasan-qo7yu
    @RakibHasan-qo7yu 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for ur video. I am planning to cultivate pomegranate for commercial purposes in organic way. Is it possible to grow Pomegranate without chemical fertilizer?

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes sir, it is possible. But you must be ready to accept the available yield and quality. You may not be able to sell!

    • @alanfalleur6550
      @alanfalleur6550 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      ***** You might want to look into vermicomposting if you are not aware of it. This is the method that most commercial organic gardeners in the US use since there's usually access to large amounts of food scrap. The problem is to scale the system up enough to produce a large crop if you have many trees. While worm castings are excellent fertilizer, you'd need a lot of worms and a lot of food scraps to supply a whole orchard.
      en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermicompost

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Please watch our full length documentary on Organic Farming Part 1 (revised). It explains Vermi-Compost production in a better and practical way.

    • @RakibHasan-qo7yu
      @RakibHasan-qo7yu 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      Alan Falleur Thanks for ur comment. I have a vermicompost business and every month I produce 3 tones of vermicompost. I also produce compost tea, panchagavya, vermiwash and organic pesticide using local ingredients . And in the next year it will be increased. So I planning to cultivate pomegranate in 17 acres of land in organic way in Bangladesh.

    • @alanfalleur6550
      @alanfalleur6550 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      ***** That's marvelous, sir! Organic composting of all types has become very popular where I live in the United States. I've been using worm castings to fertilize my private vegetable and fruit garden this year with excellent results. Best of luck to you on your venture.

  • @harshmalik282
    @harshmalik282 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    make the same long video for mosambi cultivation include profit and expenditures.....plz
    anantapur nalgonda cultivate mosambi.....go there....

  • @dattatraynaik3076
    @dattatraynaik3076 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very good presentation for Pomegranate Cultivation.
    What is the cost of new pomegranate cultivation per Hector.

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Dattatray Naik Sir watch our full length documentsry. We have given cost of all components. Cost varies from region to region. So you have to calculate for your area.

  • @lovesdiy5660
    @lovesdiy5660 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Awesome. Thank you.

  • @kallajaganmohanreddy7596
    @kallajaganmohanreddy7596 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thanks sar

  • @gopalakrishnan902
    @gopalakrishnan902 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    Can You provide the video link to download this good video.. thanks..

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      Gopala Krishnan Sir there is no provision to download the same. However you can get the hard copy DVD from us. Visit our website www.shramajeevi.com - video documentary page to find a list of DVDs available with us. Send us an email on team@shramajeevi.com

  • @dr.harshavardhansonawane6452
    @dr.harshavardhansonawane6452 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very nice video.
    Can you make this video in HINDI?

    • @Rajeev360
      @Rajeev360 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Nice video , please translate in hindi mango , pomegranate , chiku & nimbu videos

  • @liveandfunnychatofgfbfvide1893
    @liveandfunnychatofgfbfvide1893 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hello sir,
    Pomegranate ki size badhane k liye kya kare please give me a some information
    And please reply me
    Thank you

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Watch the full length of the video carefully. It answers your question.

  • @pratapchandrabehera1483
    @pratapchandrabehera1483 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    very nice video.

  • @khankore79
    @khankore79 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    very informative

  • @marcosruizmuros5284
    @marcosruizmuros5284 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    What is neem cake?

  • @murageshmali4331
    @murageshmali4331 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Newly risarchd plant to fight bacterial blight disease in pomegranates are available.where and how mach per plant.....

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      We have no idea of such a variety

    • @murageshmali4331
      @murageshmali4331 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@ShramajeeviAgriFilms Solapur Lal .

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Okay. Thank you for the information.

    • @murageshmali4331
      @murageshmali4331 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@ShramajeeviAgriFilms NRC Solapur .ihave no idea for d flant .but i have 2000 flant so please enquire and. In porm mi please.

  • @myhappiness3963
    @myhappiness3963 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    hello sir,
    Mera 15acer ka bhagava pomegranate ka farm hai or is saal jyada baaris home k karan flowering achhi nahi ayi hai bahothi kam flowers hai
    3 years k plants hai
    to me ab kya karu please muje batayiye k mai kya karu
    Thank you sir

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      You have to wait till the moisture in the soil comes down. Or remove the flowers and go for fresh pruning in another season. Better ask some local expert.

    • @myhappiness3963
      @myhappiness3963 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      hamare pass pani ki puri suvidha hai to abhi pani thoda kam de rahe hai to kya jamin me moisture k liye pani dena saru kar de?????
      please reply me sir
      Thank you

  • @tradinggururj36
    @tradinggururj36 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    How can get best Pomogrante plant

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Visit some nursery in pomegranate area or get Tissue Culture plants from companies like Jain Irrigation

  • @hamdaelrustom3404
    @hamdaelrustom3404 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Who can do the feasibility study of commercial pomegranate farming ?

  • @yashrakesh1
    @yashrakesh1 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very good video clearly exucated
    But my problem my farm at Gujarat
    So pl send link with Gujarati and Hindi language

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      RAKESH BHANUSHALI Sir sorry, we don't do Gujarati. Hindi version is also not yet ready.

    • @yashrakesh1
      @yashrakesh1 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      Tnks for reply
      Your Hindi version is ready pl send me

  • @Peraj82
    @Peraj82 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Put emphasis on using less chemicals and more bacterial based fungicides and fertilizers.
    Develop processing plants for producing juice and concentrate for international market.
    Otherwise international market would show less interest on your product compared with other producers.

  • @akshaykharde8726
    @akshaykharde8726 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    we don't get enough flowers ?

  • @RakibHasan-qo7yu
    @RakibHasan-qo7yu 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    I am determined to cultivate Pomegranate for commercial purpose. From where I can buy guaranteed tissue culture plant in India? If it is possible for you to help me then I need your help sir.

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Rakib Hasan Sir Jain Irrigation people from Jalagao from Maharashtra produce guaranteed TC plants of pomegranate. Please contact them.

    • @Peraj82
      @Peraj82 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      +Rakib Hasan Make sure you treat the tissue cultured plants with Pseuomonas fluorescence and Bacillus suptlis, etc otherwise the plants will be susceptible to the diseases.

  • @megan9197
    @megan9197 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    How often and how much are you watering two year old trees? Thank you

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      It depends on the soil type, climate etc. Normally twice in a week and in hot summer every alternate day

  • @sivaprasadk9869
    @sivaprasadk9869 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Woow.. Wt an info. U people are providing... Thanq u soo much.. But if you did same in regional languages also, then it ll b helpful for illiterate farmers...

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you. Illiterate farmers can't and won't get on the internet and TH-cam!

  • @aminashukoor4467
    @aminashukoor4467 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir plz do a doccumentary on temperate fruit crops

  • @srilekh30
    @srilekh30 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    can pomegranate be cultivated on waste land

  • @danamvijay1572
    @danamvijay1572 9 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Xlnt infrms..thanks

  • @ImranKhan-fs8zs
    @ImranKhan-fs8zs 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    sir sharmajivi
    aap plzz ..jo bhe aap ki documentry ha wo sab Hindi language me bhe up load kijye..ta k ham ahche se samajh kar us ko kar payeen ...maharbani kar k..plzz

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      Imran Khan Yes sir. We will try to make Hindi version soon. Thank you for your comments and interest. Namaskar.

  • @19culprit25
    @19culprit25 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    How old are these trees?

  • @judy-annevelyn5366
    @judy-annevelyn5366 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    where you get the juicing machine from

  • @lakhansalunkhe5220
    @lakhansalunkhe5220 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir 5ml ethrel dose isn't high?

  • @wretuer86
    @wretuer86 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    hi do you have in hindi language of this video? since i'd like to download it for educational purposes of our farmers..

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      Sorry sir, we don't have Hindi version of this film.

    • @wretuer86
      @wretuer86 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      thanks for the reply sir.. btw the videos great

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you and welcome

  • @Caygiongkhainguyen
    @Caygiongkhainguyen 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hello. I want visit and buy cuttings. Can you help me! Please

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes. If you visit India, we can give good farms or institutes for the same

    • @Caygiongkhainguyen
      @Caygiongkhainguyen 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@ShramajeeviAgriFilms you have facebook or website ?

  • @gobinda6006
    @gobinda6006 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    excellent

  • @ImranKhan-fs8zs
    @ImranKhan-fs8zs 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    sir..why this documentry is not in hindi ....plzz
    this is my request give us all documentry in hindi also ..then we can understand very well...plzz

  • @mehmetsaitsuner9056
    @mehmetsaitsuner9056 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks.

  • @sathishvm1
    @sathishvm1 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Dear Sir, Its great watching your videos.. However please tell us the dosage and intervals of feeding with organic boosters like panchakavya (schedule of organic fetegation) so as to learn how its completely possible to change to organic produce

  • @sarasanisudhakarreddy9332
    @sarasanisudhakarreddy9332 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    We need plants how can we contact you

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      Sir we are media people. We don't sell any plant. For pomegranate tissue culture plant contact your nearest JAIN irrigation dealer. Otherwise visit some good farms in your area. They produce grafted plants.

  • @tubenyou1
    @tubenyou1 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    thanxx dear SITE

  • @sirohiyaswadeshichannel7045
    @sirohiyaswadeshichannel7045 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hume bataiye Hamare Madhya Pradesh me Shivpuri Jile Mein Vikas khand khaniyadhana me bukarra ganw me ho sakti he kya ye fasal
    Pin code 473990

  • @manishkaundal1620
    @manishkaundal1620 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    how to get seeds ?

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Not seeds, layer plants. Find some nursery in pomegranate cultivation area.

    • @michaelfigert4030
      @michaelfigert4030 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Crush the red granule seeds inside in some paper towel than dry seeds for 2 days.

  • @subbareddyongolu7157
    @subbareddyongolu7157 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    We want this detailes in Telugu.

  • @dammalavenkateswarlu2923
    @dammalavenkateswarlu2923 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    NICE

  • @denko44
    @denko44 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    So many artificial chemicals for fertilizers, tisk tisk.
    Size control Info was great though.

  • @m.b.creationbabajimusale8264
    @m.b.creationbabajimusale8264 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    nice

  • @gbkhatri5734
    @gbkhatri5734 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    piz my help line my pompigans farmin chyalens enisek and not clorful

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Please watch full length video on Pomegranate farming. It explains everything including colour development. Otherwise contact your nearest research station on pomegranate or good farmer.

  • @jammuk1
    @jammuk1 8 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Can Pomegranate be produced without chemical fertilizers? Use of Phorate is highly dangerous.
    The fruit is mainly consumed for its medicinal value and hence post You Tube on organic cultivation of Pomegranate

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  8 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Sir it can be produced under organic farming. But no one is interested. We stopped eating pomegranate after finishing this documentary!

    • @jammuk1
      @jammuk1 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      can we get the package of Practices for Organic but sustainable Pomegranate cultivation

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Sir please contact NRCP Pune or some organic institute for the same.

    • @jammuk1
      @jammuk1 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you

    • @siddharthab7614
      @siddharthab7614 8 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Video is good but use of chemicals ? Follow ZBNF path , excellent yield and proven , Google it many success stories on YT,Cost saving.

  • @kallajaganmohanreddy7596
    @kallajaganmohanreddy7596 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    thayks

  • @Saichenyang
    @Saichenyang 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    I love to eat pomegranates, but so many seeds.

  • @devbachu7072
    @devbachu7072 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    xhi can i get sime seeds ti buy

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      +dev bachu Sir we are media people. We don't sell any seed or plant. Please contact your nearest pomegranate farm or horticulture dept./nursery.

  • @harshmalik282
    @harshmalik282 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    plz do the same hindi english excellent video for mosambi and go anantapur nalgonda for that..

  • @kallajaganmohanreddy7596
    @kallajaganmohanreddy7596 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir telugu video upload please sir

  • @karmansidhu4120
    @karmansidhu4120 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    yaar hindi nai bol sakte tum lok
    bs hero bnna tum loko ko

    • @ShramajeeviAgriFilms
      @ShramajeeviAgriFilms  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Hindi Duniyaa me nahi chalta. Sirf north India me. Tum English sikho