One of the reasons these would not see widespread use is reduced efficiency due to eddy-current losses within any nearby metal components, and you would want a low reluctance metal housing to ensure you don’t induce voltages into nearby wires.
@Jeremy Karst. This is what magnetic shielding is for. You know those little speakers that sit next to your computer. You noticed they don't affect your screen. Magnetic shielding preventing magnetic fields from escaping
@@jerichojoe307 I'm pretty sure the amount of current going though a standard speaker isn't large enough to matter, considering I've never added any type of shielding to any speakers I've made.
@@Gorgonzeye the amount of current going through the speaker isn't what I'm referring to here. The speaker itself has a toroidal magnetic field around it even when it's not hooked up just like the static magnets that he is using. Like the guy below commented it may not have been a good example as it only applied to certain types of screens; but it still applies to the point of preventing the magnetic field leakage inducing current in things around it or affecting things that are magnetically sensitive. Many motors still use shielded housings to surround the motor to prevent such things as current passes through the coils of the motor. Whether it is electromagnetic field or a freestanding magnetic field; simple shielding would prevent what you initially proposed. He is not feeding any current to the gearbox. He's feeding current to the motor that is attached to the gearbox which already meets proper standards and wouldn't require such shielding but the gearbox still does because of its magnets. And even that would depend on the gauss rating of the magnet and how far out the rotating magnetic field could affect things or induce current. I mean think about it. There's a very large rotating electromagnetic field generator inside of your car called an alternator; but you don't see that inducing currents that interfere with any of the electrical functions of your vehicle do you 🤷 my brushless bldc impact driver has some pretty powerful magnets inside the motor but I don't see that so much as disrupting any functions of my cell phone while using it right next to it or while working on a metal door. a magnetic field has to be very close to another metal or very strong to induce currents in surrounding wires or metals, so shielding is not always necessary depending on the strength of the magnet but if it were necessary it would be a very simple solution.
@@jerichojoe307 the problem the original comment tryed to point out is that BECAUSE we need shielding the magned will lose energy into the shielding and isn't transferig it into the other gear while the other gear is losing energy it receives because it is inducing part of it into the shielding and not into rotational energy. that means we have losses in the first gear AND in the second gear. and you would need electro magnets because permament magnets lose slowly their magnetic field when it's magnetic field gets moved. thze next problem is that you can't accelerate or decellerate these gears fast because they would slip if the jerk is strong enough and it takes way less than for normal gears. the same applies to load on the second gear. if the load is too high the second gear won't move and you need REALLY strong magnets to move the same loads normal gears take without problems. like he shows at 10:00
One of the big issues with these is their load bearing capabilities. Unlike a regular gear these will not be rigid under load, which is fine for some applications, but they can't really be used in applications where you cannot have chatter unless you combine them with some kind of active load balancing from an electromagnet. Very useful if you want to rotate something inside of a sealed container.
@@thermostance1815 also, the load capability is inversely proportion to the distance between magnets. Using a better and more rigid build with tight tolerances could make it exponentially more effective
Hermetically sealed motors have existed for over 75 years, they don't require any magnetic parts, and there isn't even a necessity for sealed driveshafts after the Zero Axial Radial Thrust technology was created. This guy is making stuff in the Dark Ages compared to what actually exists in the world market today.
@@CommunityGuidelinez And fixing problems that don't exist except in 3d printed parts. Ground helical gears aren't noisy, and have negligible wear because they are rolling on each other instead of sliding. The load capacity of a magnetic gear drive will be laughable in comparison to a similar size or weight gear drive and cost way more. A fun project and interesting ideas, but hardly fixing gears.
@@CommunityGuidelinez your 75 year old motor also requires electric power to make torque. Why add more inefficiency during a energy crisis? This is a cool demo of old technology but unfortunately we don't live in the reality of a freshman year physics class.
We actually do see magnetic gears in limited applications, though their practical use is mostly for things where high speed low maintenance designs or inherently safe designs are required. In most cases they are used in hazardous material handling where shaft seals could be a major and rapid point of failure in a system where chemical leaking is incredibly hazardous to both life and the environment. Usually you see this used with a 1:1 ratio in magdrive pumps. They lack the flux motivator and instead work as a simple magnetic coupling, but they are still a power transmission with an input and output that closely resemble your designs. They are also used in some applications where wear-less torque limiting is required, such as found in some scientific and industrial machines. They are a good tool that is over 100 years old, their continued use today despite their age proves they have a practical purpose. They are not a replacement for a mechanical coupling however. Their torque is limited, efficiency loss can be quite large depending on design, and their effectiveness as a power transmission is highly dependent on the quality of design. There is potential for use in renewable energy systems such as wind turbines where a maintenance free gearbox could reduce both manufacturing and maintenance costs. Current gearboxes in wind turbines will far outlast the actual structure of the turbine itself, however the gear oil must be changed at least once every three years, in the average lifetime of a wind turbine the gear oil will be changed 7 times. Each oil change requires 50 to 200 gallons of oil depending on turbine size with larger turbines requiring more oil than smaller turbines. While this isn't a large amount of oil for a single turbine, about 1,400 gallons of oil over 20 years for the largest commercial turbines. It adds up quickly when you have 20 or more turbines in a farm, which is 28,000 gallons of oil over their lifetime for a 20 turbine farm, or just under 3 semi truck loads of oil. If used for gasoline this would come to about 20,000 to 24,000 gallons of gasoline, which for understanding of scale would power a modern car could drive 800,000 miles on the oil required for 20 large wind turbines in a 20 year life. While we aren't burning the oil in the wind turbine, we still need to distillate it from crude oil which still necessitates drilling for oil and disposing of the waste oil (which is often burned in peak demand oil power plants or sometimes refined again into another lubricant). They may also see use in salt water environments, where shaft seals going bad will result in the failure of the device. Removing the shaft seal represents the removal of a high wear component from a system that cannot be easily treated to resist corrosion like sealed bearings. Bearings designed for underwater use are often made of stainless steel that are highly resistant to corrosion even when the metal surface is directly exposed to salt water. In the case of underwater gearboxes the motor itself will always be susceptible to damage from water ingress, removing the shaft seal often represents removing the only moving seal that is exposed to mechanical wear. All other penetrations into the motor casing are non-moving and can be sealed comparatively easily.
The torque in wind turbines is enormous, a magnetic gearbox might slip under medium to max power. Not sure if it is right, but I did the math for a 2MW turbine and the result was 19 million Nm/14 million ftlb
@@Isgolo Thats not quite right, The largest commercial deployment is a 9.5MW turbine. Hold on, i'm about to geek out a little because I don't want to do homework for a boring as hell project management class right now. At theoretical max power production 12,700HP, at 10RPM (about the max rotational speed for a turbine this size), we get a torque value of 6.6 million ft-lbs (9 million newton meter). That sounds like a lot of torque, and it is. There are some research papers that test axial magnetic coupling (just as a reference) and a single 200cm x 6cm mag drive shaft is capable of a max torque of 4,200Nm in testing for example, take the next 3cm radius slice and you add another 11,000Nm for a total of 15,000Nm for a magnetic coupling 200cm x 9cm. Already an increase in diameter of 50% increased coupling by 350% and we are still only at 9cm magnet diameter. Taking the coupling size up a few notches (factoring non-linearity of distance and equivalent force) we are at 2 million nm for a coupling 2m x 2m. To get our 9 million Nm we would need a coupling about 3.8m x 2m diameter. Thats huge, but it still fits nicely inside the 9x8x20 meter housing on the 9.5MW turbine. This is all just napkin math, chances are I am seriously underestimating the amount of force generated, but I am only using some of the more basic generated equations from the research paper (basic is relative, some of the simpler ones still have 10 terms). Given we can get about max torque from a magnetic coupling that size with no reduction, we could just be conservative and say the actual size for a 4:1 reduction like achieved in the video is twice that diameter and a little deeper. 8m x 3m is a rough estimate without going back through and doing everything all over again with an increased air-gap. Once we get past the first reduction we are only talking a torque of 2 million Nm, which we found earlier can be handled by a 2x2 coupling. Since most wind turbines run a generator speed around 1800rpm, we need some more reductions, essentially a 180:1. We only need three 4:1 reductions and a 3:1 reduction. The required torque values and aprox. sized for each stage are as follows. Stage 1 - required stage coupling torque 9MNm - est size 8m x 3m - total reduction 4:1 | Stage 2 - required stage coupling torque 2.2MNm - est size 4m x3m - total reduction 16:1 | Stage 3 - required stage coupling torque 560kNm - est size 4m x 1m - total reduction 64:1 | Stage 4 - required stage coupling torque 190kNm - est size 2m x 1m - total reduction 192:1 - final stage output torque 47kNm at 1920rpm at 9.5MW or 12,700HP. The total estimated length of our gear reduction would be about 8m, which still leaves 12m for the rest of the equipment inside the nacelle. Is it possible? Maybe, thats a lof of iron boron magnet required. It's possible they could experiment with excitation style stators with permanent magnet rotors like three phase brushless motors. While that would eat into the power generation of the turbine, it would greatly reduce the rare earth metal requirement and replace it with iron and copper, which IMO is still a good tradeoff as it increases the sustainability of the turbine even at reduced efficiency. Truth be told I don't actually know if it's possible, these number are for a highly unoptimized coupling setup, there is no fancy design it's just magnets cut like a pie around a disk in a N-S-N-S-N configuration. There is also the possibility of the 4:1 and 3:1 reductions not being optimal, maybe 5:1 is better, or 3:1 is best. I don't honestly know. But with ballpark numbers it looks close and sounds reasonable enough based on the testing done for the paper. I know magnets are weak, but we are still talking about a first stage reduction thats almost 20ft diameter and 12ft long.
A major limitation (similar to stepper motors) is the smoothness. Look at how jerky the motion is. If you could make a high load version, those bearings would see a high vibration load that is lossy/will wear them out. Also like stepper motors, they have the advantage of slipping instead of breaking, which is great when you want it and terrible when you can't allow it.
My apologies, I did not read your reply. My comment about flywheels was more in the mentioning of, why not just use flywheel, but you already answered that!
Coming from a cycling background. A great application of this is the Kurt Kinetic Fluid Trainer. The resistance unit/fluid chamber and fan is completely sealed up and never leaks. A magnetic gear transfers the force.
I noticed a lot of small water pumps and generators use magnetic coupling to keep the electrical parts sealed; there’s no shaft coming from the motor that needs a seal that will eventually fail. They aren’t using magnetic gearing but it seems like a good place to apply the use of them if needed since there’s already magnetic coupling limiting the force that can be applied to the output by the motor anyways.
isn't that just induction rather than gearing? I haven't seen any pumps with actual gearing inside, they are just like any other motor, but with a thin plastic barrier between the stator and motor for water proofing. I've only dealt with small pumps for liquid cooling and etc, do larger pumps have actual gearing?
Theres no need for rotating gears if you can just move the energy where you want over wires and convert to mechanical work where you want. This has losses too.
to answer your question: "Why no-one talks about this?" -- very simple. It is physically impossible to make a magnetic gear system that has more output torque than a motor of the same size and geometry can generate on its own without gearing. In fact, due to the much higher flux density of electrically energised ferromagnetic materials (2T vs 0.4T for the best permanent magnets) a properly designed electric motor will significantly outperform any passive magnetic gearing in the same space. So why have a motor and a weak magnetic gear when just a motor would be 5 times better? or 25 times better? (since magnetic force is the product of the two flux densities, if both rotor and stator are electromagnets it can be 5 x 5 times stronger). For this reason, magnetic gears will remain only a curiosity.
magnetic gears are already being used though, in sealed couplings for example in numerous industries or in hazardous materials handling or high vacuum or high contaminant sensitivity applications where gear oils/grease could contaminate through outgassing. A factory I worked in used these exclusively for pumping highly flammable liquids in order to completely seal and isolate the flammable and electrical side of things, so there's tons of applications where these are very practical to use and are already an industry standard.
Because it uses magnetic field to drive the output shaft, it is very similar to a motor.. The best results you will ever be able to get are likely as bad as stepper motors. Like stepper, you can increase the strenghts by making it longer. Double the length : double the strength. I 'd like to see it used in reverse, to up the speed
yeah because electric motors already have a lot of talk so the could achieve very high speed with gears. The talk is evenly spread throughout the rpm range as opposed to a combustion engine where the talk is only in certain hot spots. Talk is the best way to get around these days. nice talk-ing to you.
Because metal gears work really really well? Gears have tremendous force applied through them! All 350 horsepower produced by the crankshaft of my car goes through just 1 gear which is only about 20mm across. The force pushing the gears apart is phenomenal, and is in fact so high that the gearbox has two special braces which go right through the gearbox to prevent it exploding under high load. Not only does this gear have to withstand huge power, it has to do it for at least 150,000 kilometres, and preferably 300,000. Metal = good. Magnets are for motors.
What a beautifully detailed video. This felt like a university level report on a personal project. Really enjoyed the details, the discussion, and the examples. Gave me some good ideas for possible future projects. Thanks for such a high quality video report on this project!
If you apply a voltage to the central gear, and attach it to a rheostatic variator, it should be fairly easy to alter the magnetic flux of the central gear to allow it to slip more or slip less of the input and output gears, thus acting as an electric torque converter. I've had almost the same design drawn up.
aha, I just commented such. I been working on plans in my head for a few years. I might even have some in my computer 3D. I wonder where they went.🤔 Actually, my design was to use elecro reversing pole set up.
Direct drive is much simpler and has the same inherent overload protection. I don't see why the magnetic interaction in the gearbox would ever be more powerful than the magnetic interaction in a motor of the same diameter.
@@lizelive Stepper motors aren't designed for that high rpm application they're meant for dead accurate step positioning when used with servo feedback, what you want is a modern BLDC motor.
100% correct. there is no use for magnetic gears unless for some reason you need you cannot change the motor and at the same time need the drive and gearbox to be isolated. very niche.
Very interesting video. This magnetic driving technique has been used for years with water pumps in fish tanks etc. However, I am really appreciating your explanation of how the magnetic field can be used to form a gear ratio... very well done! (Subscribed!)
It also drives the electronics on every car youve ever ridden in, any motorcycle you've ever seen.. Alternators and Stators. this is .... "Ancient " tech by todays standards..
We've been using magnetic drive pumps in the beverage industry for ages. Pump, and motor have zero physical coupling. It can transfer plenty of torque to build enough pressure to blow apart tubing if there is a restriction
Magnetic gears have been around forever. My grandfather built a little gearbox with magnetic coupling well over half a century ago and we still have it kicking around somewhere. Magnetic gearing isn't used because it's INCREDIBLY expensive and bulky for the amount of torque it can transmit. A much cheaper and stronger gearbox can be built with conventional mechanical gears.
I love your use of magnetic viewing film here, it makes the moving fields much more clear! I wonder if just a plain steel ring outside could focus the magnetic field almost as well as a Halbach array? Most brushless rotors seem to use just a 1-2mm thick steel ring outside the magnets, to capture the flux that would otherwise dissipate out. Increasing the amount of magnetic material in the crucial middle piece, and decreasing the gaps, might increase the flux linkage and hence torque too...
@@tripodal69 Because the field of the outer ring is constant (created by permanent magnets, not coils) eddy current losses are not a big concern and plain steel should work... but anything would be better than nothing.
Put three or four of these in parallel, but out of phase, so there's always one of the three pushing whilst the other two are in some phase of 'slipping', then you've got relatively steady torque even down to zero speed, without damage. Also, it looks like that 'lumpiness' carries over to all speeds, so setting it up that would should make it turn smoother at all other speeds too.
@@Nathan511 Sure. that's ideal. Probably easier to do with the intermediaries, if they're made in lamination slices that can be assembled with a stagger: similar to how you get rid of the cogging in a motor. Ideally, the magnets would be too: however, I don't know of any manufacturers who offer them in the right shape for that, so you'd have to give them a similar shifted-lamination-slice magnetic steel 'guide' to put the flux where you want it (ie, mount the magnets within the 'guide', sections: slices would have the cutout for the magnets shifted so they line up to make a slot for the magnet to sit in, when assembled with the designed 'stagger').
1:30 have to stop here.. by look at it, they can transfer very little load and come in big size to do a job, same load could be transferred by very small very hard iron gear, packaged into gearbox with bearings and oil, that would last 20years no problem
Wow kermits father here has a good point, I see so much potential in this type of transmission, no gears will ever be permanently broken, no unit will ever be thrown away because a simple easy magnet change is all that is required, thus the used market will be close to equal the new ones, while you get your oil changed you have your magnets recharged or replaced, hmm.. to the untrained eye the only setback I can see is the fact it’s wayyyy less profitable in the long run at-lease with selling them new but the aftermarket would make crazy profits from selling “tune up kits for your magnetic transmissions” But overall this would be great for the consumer, essentially a lifetime product.. it’s just a shame that profitably is more important then the actual product…
Wow.. thanks talking about this. I’ve seen this design also in pump for corrosive liquids. The impeller rotor is engaged with external motor through magnetic coupling to prevent direct contact from liquid to motor. But yeah, utilizing it as “planet gear” is something I’ve just seen here.
Immersion pumps in general work like that. The stator is sealed in a plastic housing, away from the water, and the impeller has a permanent magnet attached that serves as the rotor.
One application I thought of is the slip could be used to generate a vibration while being balanced. Compared to most uses like a concrete mix vibrator that utilizes unbalance weight to induce the vibrations. Could also be an excellent safety feature for machines with human interaction. I look at it almost like a double electric motor / generator. Great video:)
Permanent magnets do disengage if the torque input is increased too quickly. A way around this problem is by using electromagnets. Increasing the Flux strength by increasing current, coupling that with tge increase in input torque, allows the transference of torque to take place without disengagement. You can also have a feedback mechanism that increases or decreases the current to maintain the torque capacity of the gear, protect the whole system from overheating from overtorque as well.
6:38 and 6:51 I think the tones that you hear here are caused by the inherently jerky motion of the stepper motor; since every step causes a vibration in the air, that causes a tone with the same frequency as that with which the motor steps. To reduce this noise, you could if possible use microstepping. Upgrading the motherboard of my Ender-3 3D printer caused the stepper motors to start using microstepping, which in principle completely eliminated the R2-D2 like sounds it had made before. Soo satisfying! Only this was worth the cost of the new motherboard. If you're not already using microstepping, and you start using it, I think the tone that you hear here is going to go away too.
You've reminded me of magnetic transitions just as I saw video on iron nitride magnets. Iron nitride magnets can be almost 3x as strong as neodymium ones, while not using any rare earth materials. This means that you could make magnetic transitions in bulk, and even mount them in normal, every day devices.
@@ABaumstumpf Iron nitride has lower density than steel and you only need it on very tips of gears. Rest of gear could be made of plastic or really thin metal, because you would have to fight very high forces caused by hard steel meshing. They also are nearly lossless transitions, so in fact you could have lighter and more efficient device, with similar or lower cost - no heavy machining required and magnets would be mass produced and slotted/molded into place.
@@michahalczuk9071 while I like your optimism, I do feel like you're skipping over a few things. Cost of manufacture. Making an ABS of Nylon cog is going to be cheaper than making magnets which then have to be put into an ABS of Nylon carrier. As you're adding the entire step of manufacturing the magnet, as well as complicating the assembly process by having to insert the magnets. Adding complexity like that, adds costs. The carrier needs to be robust enough to withstand the forces in the gearbox, regardless of how those forces are transmitted. So the carrier can't be thinner than the plastic or metal cog equivalent. Especially in cheaper consumer grade products, those cogs and gearboxes are engineered down to the hundredth of a cent, they're not wasting raw materials that they don't have to. They've already removed all the material they can without having the product fail during regular use. Heavy machining is rare these days, especially for mass produced goods. It's very uncommon for DIY power tools for instance to have machined gears rather than sintered metal gears or even just injection molded plastic gears. If the Iron Nitride magnets are significantly cheaper than Neodymium magnets, the companies that now use Neodymium will just switch over to Iron Nitride to save on costs. And last but not least, what would their application be? It'd have to be something where a hermetic seal is required, otherwise why bother with a magnetic coupling to begin with? And in that case, it'd also have to be an application where it's impossible, even with a VFD or PWM to get the motor to spin at the desired RPM.
@@fermitupoupon1754 I think you mistook my thinking of making mostly toy transmissions with those magnets. I was talking about generally electric cars where mostly you will still need to gear down motors for greater power and efficiency (and smoothness). EVs generally use helical metal gears which have to be machined for higher precision and lower noise. Because they mesh hard metal on metal the peak forces are much greater than average forces you would encounter if the meshing was soft - magnetic. Your transmission still has to resist those peak forces and vibrations without damage, this requiring much stronger material than one needed for just average forces. This would mean you could possibly replace steel helical gears with plastic/aluminum ones that only have to be molded. I'm also not talking about gear shown in the video, since it's probably the worst example of magnetic gears. Magnetic gears that are made to look like normal ones but mesh with magnets. They don't have release torque because repelling force between magnets very sharply gets stronger. Iron nitride magnets also don't contain any rare metals and are very easy to make, making them potentially perfect for such applications. You also can magnetize then in place, which means that you could easily mass produced, molded in place for example, and magnetized later. If such magnetic transmission increased efficiency of electric car by 2% for more or less similar cost it would be well worth it. Tesla recently made a change of motor, to one using more expensive materials which overall lowered cost of production and increased value of their Model 3 because of higher efficiency. Similar would happen to magnetic transmissions if they just were good enough. With iron nitride magnets they well could be.
Absolutely fascinating video! Something I had never thought of but considering the implementation of servos, linear motors, and the like, I suppose this is a natural application as well. I'm sure there are situations where this sort of use is already in place (high speed / low torque / need for overtorque protection). Thanks for putting this together and explaining everything in a very clear manor. Bravo!
Wow, you did a great job visualizing and explaining everything! I'd never heard of using ferrous, non-magnetized components to redirect the field lines of permanent magnets like that. That is such a cool idea! Watching this, I couldn't help but wonder if the rolling element bearings couldn't also be replaced with either some manner of magnetic suspension (which might interfere with the other magnets, idk), or a fluid bearing that takes advantage of the high rotation speeds in order to create an air cushion between the axel and the... whatever you call the thing that holds the axel in place.
Nope. Not unless you were going to have actively controlled magnetic bearings. It is impossible to make a static magnetic structure that levitates. There is always at least one axis of instability.
@@hollt693 I assume you are referring to the Levitron Top (maintaining levitation by spinning). No. First, have you ever worked with the Levitron top? Its equilibrium is so marginal that the slightest change of room temperature or a puff of wind will send it flying! It requires 20 minutes of tweaking weights (on the order of 1% of the top's mass) & leveling to fractions of a degree. Secondly, it cannot support any side-forces that would be imposed by things the machine is driving, nor acceleration forces. In addition, the side-forces imposed by the magnetic gearing (which are ~10x larger than the torque-producing forces) would also add to the forces the magnetic bearing would need to counter. And what would you do when the motor stopped? Get a Levitron & report back! It must be practical from an ENGINEERING perspective, not just a scientific one.
@@bpark10001 That's fair. I do have a Levitron around here somewhere, but I haven't played with it in years. What you're saying makes sense, though. The output shaft would definitely require more stability than what could be achieved with passive magnetic levitation. Even if you could add a big ol' flywheel onto the shaft for some sort of gyroscopic stabilization, the procession would be undesirable at best. Huh. Dang it.
You can dramatically increase the magnetic Flux if you use the proper metals which amplify the flux. The best is vacoflux50. It can increase Flux by 1000 times since it completely redirects it to the desired location and doesn't allow leakage. It also has the lowest loses from hysteresis and eddy currents. The hallbeck array will definitely help as well.
The torque would probably rule these out most purposes. This goes more or less into a sort of sensory array. And for this we have hall sensors already. Probably that is why ..? But great project and very nice idea. Something unusual!
If you make a magnetic torque converter which would just be an induction motor with a permanent magnet stator, you could get a lot more torque. But I'm not sure if it would outperform the traditional hydraulic torque converters. The only advantage would be less maintenance.
@@Stoney3K eddy current clutch.....the motor spins at a constant speed the output shaft of the motor and the output shaft of the clutch are connected to 2 drum shaped metal parts that never touch and are coupled by a magnetic field that's adjustable.....
I have a truck mounted carpet cleaning machine. It uses a magnetic flow switch. A piston (or shuttle) flow switch is designed so that a free-floating magnetic piston responds to the amount of flow within a pipe. When there is an increase or a decrease in the flow rate, movement of the piston actuates a hermetically sealed reed switch, triggering the specified action. When it works it's good, but they do wear out. You can replace the magnets and the shaft casing all you want, they eventually break. They need to be replaced every 3 months. It might not be a magnetic gear but this is a real life example of a magnetic device in an application that can be very unreliable at times. However, you do some interesting stuff.
The magnetic contacts will be fine for the freely rotating gear shaft that does not drive an output shaft with a load attached. As soon as you are going to have to drive a usable load, you are going to have a lot of slippage. Slippage will also occur due to inertia when the drive motor stops and the load keeps rotating. You can see the slippage in your video already even when no loads are attached.
A promising idea. I'd like to see how far you can take it. I want to see this with the hallbach arrays and smaller air gaps and shaped iron instead of screws etc.
I wish you did this with like very precisely CNC stuff... so it all fits perfectly and the weight balance is perfect too. I bet it would be very quiet and because of the smaller gap it would also become stronger.
Very interesting work, thank you for sharing. It seems that a halbach array on the sun and ring are a good idea to improve max torque. Would reducing the airgaps between Sun/Flux modulator and Flux modulator/Ring improve max torque? What about going to square or pie cross section metal in the flux modulator, to help reduce the effective air gap? Motors and generators use laminates instead of solid elements to reduce eddy losses, I believe, so I also wonder what replacing the screws on the flux modulator with pie shaped laminates would do? Not easy to make though. Regarding losses, your first test was unloaded, so I'm wondering if the eddy losses increase as load is increased, and then one would start to see temperature rise in the flux modulator elements?
You are correct. I am short the right size set screws but I have a 3d printed project but I am using a halbach array and even without the set screws to modulate it is fairly strong and I am interested in the idea of adding laminates as you suggested. I am attempting to edit another file to create a magnetic 608 bearing using very small magnets which is proving much harder. My printers resolution seems to be limiting me atm. My projects are all about being small though. Though sizing them up digitally should be possible.
@@TheWeaponshold Maybe design the parts so they can be printed in vase mode and have only 1 layer for each feature in the radial direction? From what I can see, that would get rid of at least 4 layers that are pushing each component further apart. Then use set screws or pins in place of the machine screws to get rid of the heads that are also pushing everything further apart. That would allow for the air gaps to get much smaller.
Very interesting article ... Thanks for sharing.... It reminds me of outrunner brushless motor, where electrical current in coils replaced by rotating magnits. These motors sometimes loose sync like what happened in the video when u suddenly increased motor speed.... Many thanks.... Very inspiring video.
There is a chemical that works well with a magnet . . All I can tell you is that once you figure it out, what you already know will change. We are 95% to achieving this breakthrough and your video helped us a lot.
1) you can increase torque by increasing magnetic field strength with stronger magnets, or getting them closer together, or redirecting magnetic fields like you did at the end. 2) even though you apparently redirected some of the magnetic field, part of it might not have been redirected, just annulled the other. Also you've just shown a 2 slice of the field, but the field is 3d, so you could redirect field from the sides as well. 3) magnets are more expensive and lose magnetism over time (although slowly) 4) you could switch magnets for electromagnetic fields.
In addition to going to a Halbach array, it would be useful to have the magnets butted up right next to each other. This would reduce the effective air gap and should increase the torque. The field modulators probably should be soft iron bars rather than whatever those screws are made out of, and again try to reduce the air gap between the 3 rings. Also, use some locknuts - in the high speed test, you can see the nuts working their way out - LOL. This was a very interesting and entertaining film - you don't usually see innovation in mechanics like this.or to fill the air gaps in each ring with a permeable material
That's awesome! I'd love to see you make one with closer tolerances. I know that Tesla is getting more power out of it's motors by having incredibly small spacing between magnets. It stands to reason that you could get the same result here (I think). Obviously, it's hard to get precision with 3d printing, but maybe a bit less gap. Or maybe talk to another creator and see if they can turn something out of wood or PVC on a lathe?
i think its more so that the magnetic force is easy to overcome with enough torque, thus causing slippage, then youd need to increasse the size of the magnet, which increases mass, and now you have interfering fields amongst multiple magnetic gears. this application would be extremely useful when controlling motion between two areas without connecting to each other, like an isolated or vacuum chamber. this would be essential in producing rotational energy even though there is physical material blocking the linkage.
really cool stuff! what would happen if it had a load on it though? I imagine once you add a propeller onto it the losses would become quite a bit greater
Hi. I've been pondering on the concept of magnetic gears. The application of using it on a boat prop. If you had magnetic fields on both side of fiberglass to spin a prop. Then you won't need a seal for the hull of the boat.
They make 'ducted' props that are driven by electromagnets in the duct and permanent magnets in the blades and no bearing in the center of the prop, so yeah, no throughhull or bearings. Been wanting to make one myself and found they are already done on big ships.
You really nailed the principle of magnetic gearing. I learned a lot from this video. So, what kinds of applications do you see this magnetic gearbox for?
Very interesting project. I wonder what effects changing the moderators in service would have? Could such things as moving the moderators in or out or having mixed permeability or laterally movable or even changing the number have any useful effects, such as changing gear ratios?
Cool demonstration ☺️ You expressed surprise about the noise, and I was wondering if this right here 9:01 shows (part of) the cause. It doesn't spin at a constant speed, because of the very nature by which push and pull works the system. That causes the whole thing to vibrate and as such make a noise.
I think it's very interesting. I would use it for robots that work with human as a protection for over torque. In cnc I would use it as sensorless endstop cnc. It's very promising. A question, does the permanent magnet lose magnetic force over time? And if yes, is big ? There must be a formula for that. Thanks for sharing
Do a follow up video! This is super interesting! What else can be done to maximize the transmissible torque? What if all the magnets were closer together? What if you applied power to the faster side, and stepped down the speed? Is the torque better?
Dang, that's awesome. I was just talking to my friends about how magnets could be use to generate power. Then this video comes on my feed? I love it. Thank you for the awesome video!!
What if the actual teeth of conventional gears where individual strong magnets .. the gears could be loose fitting but the teeth could still interlock, all be it with an air gap, but rely on magnetic resistence to transfer torque as opposed to phsyical contact ?
They have been used for years heavy vehicles use them in cooling fans as the magnets spin the fans to keep air flow but when engine high loads and temps increase a mechanical clutch will lock the fan into direct drive for maximum cooling...
I had an old fax machine that used magnetic reduction to drive the drum. There was a 4 pole rotating magnet, a flux guide, & an outer steel internal gear. The construction resembled a harmonic "wave" drive, in that the flux guide & the outer gear differed by 4 teeth.
We use these in oil and gas for permanent magnet motors in Electric Submersible pumps. Work great and very efficient. However, very dangerous if there is back flow as any rotation of the shaft can cause voltage generation at surface.
9:44 How are you measuring loss? Comparing the input and output RPM will only tell you the gear ratio. Have to measure input and output power to calculate loss.
At 2:15 I don’t understand the representation. A magnet can’t be monopole, so where are the north and South Pole on each red and blue magnet ? The representation assume that red would be a south (or north whatever) pole and vice versa. But that would be wrong… so can anyone explain me please
great idea and great presentation only issue you run into is work capability. Induce a load beyond these natural forces inherent and analog based capabilities and you get slippage. Its a wonderful and scalable application for doing work in non excessive load based needs like fluid transfer. We've been looking at this for sometime now with the major developments lying in understanding flux schedules and there inherent applications around energy processes. You've got a wonderful approach to an inline water pump for remote applications which is a huge need for agriculture in remote places like Wyoming or even in the middle east where it is hard to get fresh pumped water to remote areas for such applications. this is a fantastic low cost and low energy method for such utility! something to maybe consider! keep going! you're on the right track! best of luck to you!
For me it would be a great product for food or medical where debris is heavily avoided at all costs. I would say this would need to be more precisely made and have orders of magnitude more poles to reduce its vibration. The other place i can see this being good is for something called a torque plate which is designed to apply torque to a limit then yields, this would be great at that
hallbach configuration makes the magnetic field not only denser on one side but also denser around the magnets. this means unless you're working with smaller distances, it actually weakens the magnetic force.
“They” have been using “Electromagnetic gearing”(EM Coupling is more accurate). Since the 1950’s. I bet everybody that says I’m full of it , has some form of tech in each and every one of their homes. Don’t get me wrong, it’s awesome and we should see it more. Cool video.
I don't know if the idea is a game changer, but definitely cool. No torque means it can't do any heavy lifting, it's bulky so it can't be used in small spaced areas without building the room around it. And it's expensive to build compared to some metal gears.
One problem would be the eddy currents converting part of the energy into heat. The other is that this mechanism transfers torque, not translation. In other words, it can never 'lock in' as a mechanical gearbox can. But could be pretty useful in certain circumstances.
Great video man....idk exactly what I was expecting, what I DO KNOW....is you dam sure exceeded them!!! For real...Tip top, on info, and presentation!!
you don't have to completely eliminate conventional gears though. for high torque applications, you can use traditional gears to achieve maximum torque and you'll still have reduced the number of gears. the contactless nature of this system could be utilized in continuous transmission. if you can make the modulator in a way that instead of solid pieces of ferromagnetic parts, they are numerous pieces clumped up to form the piece (like instead of screws, clumps of needles). then, in theory, you could rearrange them to have different number of clumps. this way without touching any load bearing parts, you would be able to change the gear ratio
It seems to be a better option for magnetic coupling for limited torque, water pumps, corrosive and hazardous environments. Even though the power transmission is non contact type, the efficiency is low and operation is not precise.
Literally every week I see a video in my recommended about how magnetic gears are the best thing ever and no one talks about it... is that just my algorithm? or is that many people are talking about magnetic gears?
This idea could be applied to a cycloidal/harmonic arrangement for high ratio compact low torque box. Having a box that can slip damage free but is synchronous during operation seems like a cool thing, especially at a high ratio. A high field flexible magnet printable/cutable material would be cool applied to any of these magnetic gear concepts.
Two questions: 1. When the output has a resistive force, does the magnetic gear have a much lower threshold for failure as compared to a mechanical gear? 2. Do the magnets have magnetic wear-and-tear? I.e. magnets needs to be replaced after some years. If so, is the magnet replacement lower cost than replacing mechanical gears?
magnetic synchronizers are probably the best practical application of what you are talking about. nobody likes a slipping gear, and magnetically coupled gears will slip unless they are ridiculously more powerful than needed. it all depends on what problem you are trying to solve. a bearing still needs lube and fails at some time. a magnetic bearing requires power, and the power source fails at some time, or is inefficient. windings on an electromagnet fail at some time. even permanent magnets fail at some time.
Curie Temperature - Regular neodymium magnets are strongest operating up to temperatures of 80°C but after this point, they will lose their magnetic output. Eddy Currents will heat the assembly and magnets, effectively 'wearing' the magnetic gears unless you can manage to guarantee a cold operating environment.
Omg! About 25 years ago my science teacher talk about this he couldn't explain this I now get the concept more. Is this alsome something that could be prototype with a chain gear to take away the oil and lower friction?? Thank you great video keep up prototype video I found so much info to need about. I may even call my old science teacher.
One of the reasons these would not see widespread use is reduced efficiency due to eddy-current losses within any nearby metal components, and you would want a low reluctance metal housing to ensure you don’t induce voltages into nearby wires.
@Jeremy Karst. This is what magnetic shielding is for. You know those little speakers that sit next to your computer. You noticed they don't affect your screen. Magnetic shielding preventing magnetic fields from escaping
@@jerichojoe307 I'm pretty sure the amount of current going though a standard speaker isn't large enough to matter, considering I've never added any type of shielding to any speakers I've made.
@@Gorgonzeye it mostly applies to old CRT displays as far as I know. But the point still stands. Just not the greatest example.
@@Gorgonzeye the amount of current going through the speaker isn't what I'm referring to here. The speaker itself has a toroidal magnetic field around it even when it's not hooked up just like the static magnets that he is using. Like the guy below commented it may not have been a good example as it only applied to certain types of screens; but it still applies to the point of preventing the magnetic field leakage inducing current in things around it or affecting things that are magnetically sensitive. Many motors still use shielded housings to surround the motor to prevent such things as current passes through the coils of the motor. Whether it is electromagnetic field or a freestanding magnetic field; simple shielding would prevent what you initially proposed. He is not feeding any current to the gearbox. He's feeding current to the motor that is attached to the gearbox which already meets proper standards and wouldn't require such shielding but the gearbox still does because of its magnets. And even that would depend on the gauss rating of the magnet and how far out the rotating magnetic field could affect things or induce current. I mean think about it. There's a very large rotating electromagnetic field generator inside of your car called an alternator; but you don't see that inducing currents that interfere with any of the electrical functions of your vehicle do you 🤷 my brushless bldc impact driver has some pretty powerful magnets inside the motor but I don't see that so much as disrupting any functions of my cell phone while using it right next to it or while working on a metal door. a magnetic field has to be very close to another metal or very strong to induce currents in surrounding wires or metals, so shielding is not always necessary depending on the strength of the magnet but if it were necessary it would be a very simple solution.
@@jerichojoe307 the problem the original comment tryed to point out is that BECAUSE we need shielding the magned will lose energy into the shielding and isn't transferig it into the other gear while the other gear is losing energy it receives because it is inducing part of it into the shielding and not into rotational energy. that means we have losses in the first gear AND in the second gear. and you would need electro magnets because permament magnets lose slowly their magnetic field when it's magnetic field gets moved.
thze next problem is that you can't accelerate or decellerate these gears fast because they would slip if the jerk is strong enough and it takes way less than for normal gears. the same applies to load on the second gear. if the load is too high the second gear won't move and you need REALLY strong magnets to move the same loads normal gears take without problems. like he shows at 10:00
One of the big issues with these is their load bearing capabilities. Unlike a regular gear these will not be rigid under load, which is fine for some applications, but they can't really be used in applications where you cannot have chatter unless you combine them with some kind of active load balancing from an electromagnet. Very useful if you want to rotate something inside of a sealed container.
Or even wanted. No tooth wear. Plus bigger loads could be supported with stronger magnets. Force ratings.
@@thermostance1815 also, the load capability is inversely proportion to the distance between magnets. Using a better and more rigid build with tight tolerances could make it exponentially more effective
Hermetically sealed motors have existed for over 75 years, they don't require any magnetic parts, and there isn't even a necessity for sealed driveshafts after the Zero Axial Radial Thrust technology was created. This guy is making stuff in the Dark Ages compared to what actually exists in the world market today.
@@CommunityGuidelinez And fixing problems that don't exist except in 3d printed parts. Ground helical gears aren't noisy, and have negligible wear because they are rolling on each other instead of sliding. The load capacity of a magnetic gear drive will be laughable in comparison to a similar size or weight gear drive and cost way more.
A fun project and interesting ideas, but hardly fixing gears.
@@CommunityGuidelinez your 75 year old motor also requires electric power to make torque. Why add more inefficiency during a energy crisis? This is a cool demo of old technology but unfortunately we don't live in the reality of a freshman year physics class.
We actually do see magnetic gears in limited applications, though their practical use is mostly for things where high speed low maintenance designs or inherently safe designs are required. In most cases they are used in hazardous material handling where shaft seals could be a major and rapid point of failure in a system where chemical leaking is incredibly hazardous to both life and the environment. Usually you see this used with a 1:1 ratio in magdrive pumps. They lack the flux motivator and instead work as a simple magnetic coupling, but they are still a power transmission with an input and output that closely resemble your designs. They are also used in some applications where wear-less torque limiting is required, such as found in some scientific and industrial machines.
They are a good tool that is over 100 years old, their continued use today despite their age proves they have a practical purpose. They are not a replacement for a mechanical coupling however. Their torque is limited, efficiency loss can be quite large depending on design, and their effectiveness as a power transmission is highly dependent on the quality of design. There is potential for use in renewable energy systems such as wind turbines where a maintenance free gearbox could reduce both manufacturing and maintenance costs. Current gearboxes in wind turbines will far outlast the actual structure of the turbine itself, however the gear oil must be changed at least once every three years, in the average lifetime of a wind turbine the gear oil will be changed 7 times. Each oil change requires 50 to 200 gallons of oil depending on turbine size with larger turbines requiring more oil than smaller turbines. While this isn't a large amount of oil for a single turbine, about 1,400 gallons of oil over 20 years for the largest commercial turbines. It adds up quickly when you have 20 or more turbines in a farm, which is 28,000 gallons of oil over their lifetime for a 20 turbine farm, or just under 3 semi truck loads of oil. If used for gasoline this would come to about 20,000 to 24,000 gallons of gasoline, which for understanding of scale would power a modern car could drive 800,000 miles on the oil required for 20 large wind turbines in a 20 year life. While we aren't burning the oil in the wind turbine, we still need to distillate it from crude oil which still necessitates drilling for oil and disposing of the waste oil (which is often burned in peak demand oil power plants or sometimes refined again into another lubricant).
They may also see use in salt water environments, where shaft seals going bad will result in the failure of the device. Removing the shaft seal represents the removal of a high wear component from a system that cannot be easily treated to resist corrosion like sealed bearings. Bearings designed for underwater use are often made of stainless steel that are highly resistant to corrosion even when the metal surface is directly exposed to salt water. In the case of underwater gearboxes the motor itself will always be susceptible to damage from water ingress, removing the shaft seal often represents removing the only moving seal that is exposed to mechanical wear. All other penetrations into the motor casing are non-moving and can be sealed comparatively easily.
Well said good sir
The torque in wind turbines is enormous, a magnetic gearbox might slip under medium to max power.
Not sure if it is right, but I did the math for a 2MW turbine and the result was 19 million Nm/14 million ftlb
@@Isgolo Thats not quite right, The largest commercial deployment is a 9.5MW turbine. Hold on, i'm about to geek out a little because I don't want to do homework for a boring as hell project management class right now.
At theoretical max power production 12,700HP, at 10RPM (about the max rotational speed for a turbine this size), we get a torque value of 6.6 million ft-lbs (9 million newton meter). That sounds like a lot of torque, and it is. There are some research papers that test axial magnetic coupling (just as a reference) and a single 200cm x 6cm mag drive shaft is capable of a max torque of 4,200Nm in testing for example, take the next 3cm radius slice and you add another 11,000Nm for a total of 15,000Nm for a magnetic coupling 200cm x 9cm. Already an increase in diameter of 50% increased coupling by 350% and we are still only at 9cm magnet diameter. Taking the coupling size up a few notches (factoring non-linearity of distance and equivalent force) we are at 2 million nm for a coupling 2m x 2m. To get our 9 million Nm we would need a coupling about 3.8m x 2m diameter. Thats huge, but it still fits nicely inside the 9x8x20 meter housing on the 9.5MW turbine. This is all just napkin math, chances are I am seriously underestimating the amount of force generated, but I am only using some of the more basic generated equations from the research paper (basic is relative, some of the simpler ones still have 10 terms).
Given we can get about max torque from a magnetic coupling that size with no reduction, we could just be conservative and say the actual size for a 4:1 reduction like achieved in the video is twice that diameter and a little deeper. 8m x 3m is a rough estimate without going back through and doing everything all over again with an increased air-gap. Once we get past the first reduction we are only talking a torque of 2 million Nm, which we found earlier can be handled by a 2x2 coupling. Since most wind turbines run a generator speed around 1800rpm, we need some more reductions, essentially a 180:1. We only need three 4:1 reductions and a 3:1 reduction. The required torque values and aprox. sized for each stage are as follows.
Stage 1 - required stage coupling torque 9MNm - est size 8m x 3m - total reduction 4:1 | Stage 2 - required stage coupling torque 2.2MNm - est size 4m x3m - total reduction 16:1 | Stage 3 - required stage coupling torque 560kNm - est size 4m x 1m - total reduction 64:1 | Stage 4 - required stage coupling torque 190kNm - est size 2m x 1m - total reduction 192:1 - final stage output torque 47kNm at 1920rpm at 9.5MW or 12,700HP.
The total estimated length of our gear reduction would be about 8m, which still leaves 12m for the rest of the equipment inside the nacelle. Is it possible? Maybe, thats a lof of iron boron magnet required. It's possible they could experiment with excitation style stators with permanent magnet rotors like three phase brushless motors. While that would eat into the power generation of the turbine, it would greatly reduce the rare earth metal requirement and replace it with iron and copper, which IMO is still a good tradeoff as it increases the sustainability of the turbine even at reduced efficiency. Truth be told I don't actually know if it's possible, these number are for a highly unoptimized coupling setup, there is no fancy design it's just magnets cut like a pie around a disk in a N-S-N-S-N configuration. There is also the possibility of the 4:1 and 3:1 reductions not being optimal, maybe 5:1 is better, or 3:1 is best. I don't honestly know. But with ballpark numbers it looks close and sounds reasonable enough based on the testing done for the paper. I know magnets are weak, but we are still talking about a first stage reduction thats almost 20ft diameter and 12ft long.
@@2009dudeman I thoroughly enjoyed reading this, thanks!!
Well said
A major limitation (similar to stepper motors) is the smoothness. Look at how jerky the motion is. If you could make a high load version, those bearings would see a high vibration load that is lossy/will wear them out.
Also like stepper motors, they have the advantage of slipping instead of breaking, which is great when you want it and terrible when you can't allow it.
a lot of those issues have been solved in magnetic bearings and casings for flywheel batteries.
Flywheel?
@@The_Rising_Dragon th-cam.com/video/8X2U7bDNcPM/w-d-xo.html
My apologies, I did not read your reply. My comment about flywheels was more in the mentioning of, why not just use flywheel, but you already answered that!
maybe it would work as the early gears in e bike midddrives. right now what is used is a plastic gear, to limit the torque and break first
Coming from a cycling background. A great application of this is the Kurt Kinetic Fluid Trainer. The resistance unit/fluid chamber and fan is completely sealed up and never leaks. A magnetic gear transfers the force.
I noticed a lot of small water pumps and generators use magnetic coupling to keep the electrical parts sealed; there’s no shaft coming from the motor that needs a seal that will eventually fail. They aren’t using magnetic gearing but it seems like a good place to apply the use of them if needed since there’s already magnetic coupling limiting the force that can be applied to the output by the motor anyways.
still needs bearings
Came to mention the same. Mag coupling is quite common in many applications.
isn't that just induction rather than gearing? I haven't seen any pumps with actual gearing inside, they are just like any other motor, but with a thin plastic barrier between the stator and motor for water proofing. I've only dealt with small pumps for liquid cooling and etc, do larger pumps have actual gearing?
@@HicSvntDracones induction refers to a changing magnetic field inducing a voltage into an object.
Theres no need for rotating gears if you can just move the energy where you want over wires and convert to mechanical work where you want. This has losses too.
to answer your question: "Why no-one talks about this?" -- very simple. It is physically impossible to make a magnetic gear system that has more output torque than a motor of the same size and geometry can generate on its own without gearing.
In fact, due to the much higher flux density of electrically energised ferromagnetic materials (2T vs 0.4T for the best permanent magnets) a properly designed electric motor will significantly outperform any passive magnetic gearing in the same space. So why have a motor and a weak magnetic gear when just a motor would be 5 times better? or 25 times better? (since magnetic force is the product of the two flux densities, if both rotor and stator are electromagnets it can be 5 x 5 times stronger). For this reason, magnetic gears will remain only a curiosity.
magnetic gears are already being used though, in sealed couplings for example in numerous industries or in hazardous materials handling or high vacuum or high contaminant sensitivity applications where gear oils/grease could contaminate through outgassing.
A factory I worked in used these exclusively for pumping highly flammable liquids in order to completely seal and isolate the flammable and electrical side of things, so there's tons of applications where these are very practical to use and are already an industry standard.
@@platinumsky845 Absolutely, for these applications the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Usually they dion't
this dude is right
Cmon dude they do have a practical use and they are used probably from before I was born.
Because it uses magnetic field to drive the output shaft, it is very similar to a motor..
The best results you will ever be able to get are likely as bad as stepper motors.
Like stepper, you can increase the strenghts by making it longer.
Double the length : double the strength.
I 'd like to see it used in reverse, to up the speed
yeah because electric motors already have a lot of talk so the could achieve very high speed with gears. The talk is evenly spread throughout the rpm range as opposed to a combustion engine where the talk is only in certain hot spots. Talk is the best way to get around these days. nice talk-ing to you.
Because metal gears work really really well?
Gears have tremendous force applied through them!
All 350 horsepower produced by the crankshaft of my car goes through just 1 gear which is only about 20mm across. The force pushing the gears apart is phenomenal, and is in fact so high that the gearbox has two special braces which go right through the gearbox to prevent it exploding under high load.
Not only does this gear have to withstand huge power, it has to do it for at least 150,000 kilometres, and preferably 300,000.
Metal = good.
Magnets are for motors.
What a beautifully detailed video. This felt like a university level report on a personal project. Really enjoyed the details, the discussion, and the examples. Gave me some good ideas for possible future projects. Thanks for such a high quality video report on this project!
If you apply a voltage to the central gear, and attach it to a rheostatic variator, it should be fairly easy to alter the magnetic flux of the central gear to allow it to slip more or slip less of the input and output gears, thus acting as an electric torque converter. I've had almost the same design drawn up.
Genius! Way better than modern day transmissions! But once we switch to electric motors transmissions won’t be really needed on vehicles
aha, I just commented such. I been working on plans in my head for a few years. I might even have some in my computer 3D. I wonder where they went.🤔
Actually, my design was to use elecro reversing pole set up.
Direct drive is much simpler and has the same inherent overload protection. I don't see why the magnetic interaction in the gearbox would ever be more powerful than the magnetic interaction in a motor of the same diameter.
you could use a system like this to get a stepper style motor to go fast and it would integrate well, but their is a reason nobody talks about them.
@@lizelive a "stepper style motor" would cause plane to crash
@@lizelive Stepper motors aren't designed for that high rpm application they're meant for dead accurate step positioning when used with servo feedback, what you want is a modern BLDC motor.
100% correct. there is no use for magnetic gears unless for some reason you need you cannot change the motor and at the same time need the drive and gearbox to be isolated. very niche.
@@Professor-Scientist nobody mentioned a plane tho?
Very interesting video. This magnetic driving technique has been used for years with water pumps in fish tanks etc. However, I am really appreciating your explanation of how the magnetic field can be used to form a gear ratio... very well done! (Subscribed!)
Me too!
It also drives the electronics on every car youve ever ridden in, any motorcycle you've ever seen.. Alternators and Stators. this is .... "Ancient " tech by todays standards..
We've been using magnetic drive pumps in the beverage industry for ages. Pump, and motor have zero physical coupling. It can transfer plenty of torque to build enough pressure to blow apart tubing if there is a restriction
Magnetic gears have been around forever. My grandfather built a little gearbox with magnetic coupling well over half a century ago and we still have it kicking around somewhere.
Magnetic gearing isn't used because it's INCREDIBLY expensive and bulky for the amount of torque it can transmit. A much cheaper and stronger gearbox can be built with conventional mechanical gears.
I love your use of magnetic viewing film here, it makes the moving fields much more clear!
I wonder if just a plain steel ring outside could focus the magnetic field almost as well as a Halbach array? Most brushless rotors seem to use just a 1-2mm thick steel ring outside the magnets, to capture the flux that would otherwise dissipate out. Increasing the amount of magnetic material in the crucial middle piece, and decreasing the gaps, might increase the flux linkage and hence torque too...
Yes, a plain steel back-iron would work.
Wouldn’t the rotation cause it to heat up?
@@tripodal69 Because the field of the outer ring is constant (created by permanent magnets, not coils) eddy current losses are not a big concern and plain steel should work... but anything would be better than nothing.
Yes it certainly would!
Put three or four of these in parallel, but out of phase, so there's always one of the three pushing whilst the other two are in some phase of 'slipping', then you've got relatively steady torque even down to zero speed, without damage.
Also, it looks like that 'lumpiness' carries over to all speeds, so setting it up that would should make it turn smoother at all other speeds too.
Rather than putting several in parallel, the practical solution is to spiral the gear "teeth".
@@Nathan511 Sure. that's ideal. Probably easier to do with the intermediaries, if they're made in lamination slices that can be assembled with a stagger: similar to how you get rid of the cogging in a motor. Ideally, the magnets would be too: however, I don't know of any manufacturers who offer them in the right shape for that, so you'd have to give them a similar shifted-lamination-slice magnetic steel 'guide' to put the flux where you want it (ie, mount the magnets within the 'guide', sections: slices would have the cutout for the magnets shifted so they line up to make a slot for the magnet to sit in, when assembled with the designed 'stagger').
I think that with the Holbach array and tighter tolerances you could get some quite good, and usable results.
Great video. Keep up the good work.
1:30 have to stop here.. by look at it, they can transfer very little load and come in big size to do a job, same load could be transferred by very small very hard iron gear, packaged into gearbox with bearings and oil, that would last 20years no problem
Wow kermits father here has a good point,
I see so much potential in this type of transmission, no gears will ever be permanently broken, no unit will ever be thrown away because a simple easy magnet change is all that is required, thus the used market will be close to equal the new ones,
while you get your oil changed you have your magnets recharged or replaced,
hmm.. to the untrained eye the only setback I can see is the fact it’s wayyyy less profitable in the long run at-lease with selling them new but the aftermarket would make crazy profits from selling “tune up kits for your magnetic transmissions”
But overall this would be great for the consumer, essentially a lifetime product.. it’s just a shame that profitably is more important then the actual product…
Your production value is crazy. I can't imagine how long this video took to put together, it looks amazing
lol
@@TheGFS lmfao rofl smh imo
What production value?
Agreed but also it sounds like hes under a pillow with a big sucker in his mouth reading the script
Sound quality is so bad, i clicked away
Wow.. thanks talking about this. I’ve seen this design also in pump for corrosive liquids. The impeller rotor is engaged with external motor through magnetic coupling to prevent direct contact from liquid to motor. But yeah, utilizing it as “planet gear” is something I’ve just seen here.
Good ol' Magnatex pumps, used to work with them when I worked in the chemical industry
Immersion pumps in general work like that. The stator is sealed in a plastic housing, away from the water, and the impeller has a permanent magnet attached that serves as the rotor.
One application I thought of is the slip could be used to generate a vibration while being balanced. Compared to most uses like a concrete mix vibrator that utilizes unbalance weight to induce the vibrations. Could also be an excellent safety feature for machines with human interaction. I look at it almost like a double electric motor / generator. Great video:)
Permanent magnets do disengage if the torque input is increased too quickly. A way around this problem is by using electromagnets. Increasing the Flux strength by increasing current, coupling that with tge increase in input torque, allows the transference of torque to take place without disengagement. You can also have a feedback mechanism that increases or decreases the current to maintain the torque capacity of the gear, protect the whole system from overheating from overtorque as well.
6:38 and 6:51 I think the tones that you hear here are caused by the inherently jerky motion of the stepper motor; since every step causes a vibration in the air, that causes a tone with the same frequency as that with which the motor steps. To reduce this noise, you could if possible use microstepping. Upgrading the motherboard of my Ender-3 3D printer caused the stepper motors to start using microstepping, which in principle completely eliminated the R2-D2 like sounds it had made before. Soo satisfying! Only this was worth the cost of the new motherboard. If you're not already using microstepping, and you start using it, I think the tone that you hear here is going to go away too.
Why not reduce the amount of vibration instead?
@@mize_yir_bizzThat’s what you indirectly are doing by using microstepping.
You've reminded me of magnetic transitions just as I saw video on iron nitride magnets.
Iron nitride magnets can be almost 3x as strong as neodymium ones, while not using any rare earth materials.
This means that you could make magnetic transitions in bulk, and even mount them in normal, every day devices.
That's funny. My research team works on iron nitride nano magnets. I smiled when I read this comment 😁.
Yeah - and have far more expensive, heavy and inefficient devices.
@@ABaumstumpf Iron nitride has lower density than steel and you only need it on very tips of gears.
Rest of gear could be made of plastic or really thin metal, because you would have to fight very high forces caused by hard steel meshing.
They also are nearly lossless transitions, so in fact you could have lighter and more efficient device, with similar or lower cost - no heavy machining required and magnets would be mass produced and slotted/molded into place.
@@michahalczuk9071 while I like your optimism, I do feel like you're skipping over a few things.
Cost of manufacture. Making an ABS of Nylon cog is going to be cheaper than making magnets which then have to be put into an ABS of Nylon carrier. As you're adding the entire step of manufacturing the magnet, as well as complicating the assembly process by having to insert the magnets. Adding complexity like that, adds costs.
The carrier needs to be robust enough to withstand the forces in the gearbox, regardless of how those forces are transmitted. So the carrier can't be thinner than the plastic or metal cog equivalent. Especially in cheaper consumer grade products, those cogs and gearboxes are engineered down to the hundredth of a cent, they're not wasting raw materials that they don't have to. They've already removed all the material they can without having the product fail during regular use.
Heavy machining is rare these days, especially for mass produced goods. It's very uncommon for DIY power tools for instance to have machined gears rather than sintered metal gears or even just injection molded plastic gears.
If the Iron Nitride magnets are significantly cheaper than Neodymium magnets, the companies that now use Neodymium will just switch over to Iron Nitride to save on costs.
And last but not least, what would their application be? It'd have to be something where a hermetic seal is required, otherwise why bother with a magnetic coupling to begin with? And in that case, it'd also have to be an application where it's impossible, even with a VFD or PWM to get the motor to spin at the desired RPM.
@@fermitupoupon1754 I think you mistook my thinking of making mostly toy transmissions with those magnets.
I was talking about generally electric cars where mostly you will still need to gear down motors for greater power and efficiency (and smoothness).
EVs generally use helical metal gears which have to be machined for higher precision and lower noise.
Because they mesh hard metal on metal the peak forces are much greater than average forces you would encounter if the meshing was soft - magnetic.
Your transmission still has to resist those peak forces and vibrations without damage, this requiring much stronger material than one needed for just average forces.
This would mean you could possibly replace steel helical gears with plastic/aluminum ones that only have to be molded.
I'm also not talking about gear shown in the video, since it's probably the worst example of magnetic gears.
Magnetic gears that are made to look like normal ones but mesh with magnets.
They don't have release torque because repelling force between magnets very sharply gets stronger.
Iron nitride magnets also don't contain any rare metals and are very easy to make, making them potentially perfect for such applications.
You also can magnetize then in place, which means that you could easily mass produced, molded in place for example, and magnetized later.
If such magnetic transmission increased efficiency of electric car by 2% for more or less similar cost it would be well worth it.
Tesla recently made a change of motor, to one using more expensive materials which overall lowered cost of production and increased value of their Model 3 because of higher efficiency.
Similar would happen to magnetic transmissions if they just were good enough.
With iron nitride magnets they well could be.
There will be niche applications for this, but it cannot replace most gear situations. Great video!
literally the first time weve seen this built and you are already saying it wont replace current tech. lucky you arent in charge of any innovation!
I think chemists use something like this to stir when mixing some solutions and shit.
Absolutely fascinating video! Something I had never thought of but considering the implementation of servos, linear motors, and the like, I suppose this is a natural application as well. I'm sure there are situations where this sort of use is already in place (high speed / low torque / need for overtorque protection). Thanks for putting this together and explaining everything in a very clear manor. Bravo!
Wow, you did a great job visualizing and explaining everything! I'd never heard of using ferrous, non-magnetized components to redirect the field lines of permanent magnets like that. That is such a cool idea!
Watching this, I couldn't help but wonder if the rolling element bearings couldn't also be replaced with either some manner of magnetic suspension (which might interfere with the other magnets, idk), or a fluid bearing that takes advantage of the high rotation speeds in order to create an air cushion between the axel and the... whatever you call the thing that holds the axel in place.
Nope. Not unless you were going to have actively controlled magnetic bearings. It is impossible to make a static magnetic structure that levitates. There is always at least one axis of instability.
@@bpark10001 But this spins. Wouldn't that satisfy Earnshaw's theorem?
@@hollt693 I assume you are referring to the Levitron Top (maintaining levitation by spinning). No. First, have you ever worked with the Levitron top? Its equilibrium is so marginal that the slightest change of room temperature or a puff of wind will send it flying! It requires 20 minutes of tweaking weights (on the order of 1% of the top's mass) & leveling to fractions of a degree. Secondly, it cannot support any side-forces that would be imposed by things the machine is driving, nor acceleration forces.
In addition, the side-forces imposed by the magnetic gearing (which are ~10x larger than the torque-producing forces) would also add to the forces the magnetic bearing would need to counter. And what would you do when the motor stopped? Get a Levitron & report back! It must be practical from an ENGINEERING perspective, not just a scientific one.
@@bpark10001 That's fair. I do have a Levitron around here somewhere, but I haven't played with it in years. What you're saying makes sense, though. The output shaft would definitely require more stability than what could be achieved with passive magnetic levitation. Even if you could add a big ol' flywheel onto the shaft for some sort of gyroscopic stabilization, the procession would be undesirable at best. Huh. Dang it.
As soon as I've seen the concept i thought "No way this has any meaningfull torque", wait patiently until the end and there it is.
You can dramatically increase the magnetic Flux if you use the proper metals which amplify the flux. The best is vacoflux50. It can increase Flux by 1000 times since it completely redirects it to the desired location and doesn't allow leakage. It also has the lowest loses from hysteresis and eddy currents. The hallbeck array will definitely help as well.
thats a funny name
The torque would probably rule these out most purposes. This goes more or less into a sort of sensory array. And for this we have hall sensors already. Probably that is why ..?
But great project and very nice idea. Something unusual!
Don't Engineers choose technologies based on requirements?
If you make a magnetic torque converter which would just be an induction motor with a permanent magnet stator, you could get a lot more torque. But I'm not sure if it would outperform the traditional hydraulic torque converters. The only advantage would be less maintenance.
@@Stoney3K eddy current clutch.....the motor spins at a constant speed the output shaft of the motor and the output shaft of the clutch are connected to 2 drum shaped metal parts that never touch and are coupled by a magnetic field that's adjustable.....
I find this incredibly interesting and I hope you’ll continue to experiment and post them on TH-cam.
I have a truck mounted carpet cleaning machine. It uses a magnetic flow switch. A piston (or shuttle) flow switch is designed so that a free-floating magnetic piston responds to the amount of flow within a pipe. When there is an increase or a decrease in the flow rate, movement of the piston actuates a hermetically sealed reed switch, triggering the specified action. When it works it's good, but they do wear out. You can replace the magnets and the shaft casing all you want, they eventually break. They need to be replaced every 3 months. It might not be a magnetic gear but this is a real life example of a magnetic device in an application that can be very unreliable at times. However, you do some interesting stuff.
The magnetic contacts will be fine for the freely rotating gear shaft that does not drive an output shaft with a load attached. As soon as you are going to have to drive a usable load, you are going to have a lot of slippage. Slippage will also occur due to inertia when the drive motor stops and the load keeps rotating. You can see the slippage in your video already even when no loads are attached.
Very Interesting project and well done! thank you for sharing!
A promising idea. I'd like to see how far you can take it. I want to see this with the hallbach arrays and smaller air gaps and shaped iron instead of screws etc.
Pretty neat! Would be interesting to see how much of a reduction you could get with a multi-stage approach
This ist something similar: th-cam.com/video/nnAE0hqgH6Y/w-d-xo.html&ab_channel=HiddenTechnology
I wish you did this with like very precisely CNC stuff... so it all fits perfectly and the weight balance is perfect too. I bet it would be very quiet and because of the smaller gap it would also become stronger.
I love this please keep pursuing this!! Your explanations are very easy to follow and entertaining
Well, that is pretty amazing, never heard of these before. Thanks for the video Retsetman, and please do more !
Very interesting work, thank you for sharing. It seems that a halbach array on the sun and ring are a good idea to improve max torque. Would reducing the airgaps between Sun/Flux modulator and Flux modulator/Ring improve max torque? What about going to square or pie cross section metal in the flux modulator, to help reduce the effective air gap? Motors and generators use laminates instead of solid elements to reduce eddy losses, I believe, so I also wonder what replacing the screws on the flux modulator with pie shaped laminates would do? Not easy to make though.
Regarding losses, your first test was unloaded, so I'm wondering if the eddy losses increase as load is increased, and then one would start to see temperature rise in the flux modulator elements?
You are correct. I am short the right size set screws but I have a 3d printed project but I am using a halbach array and even without the set screws to modulate it is fairly strong and I am interested in the idea of adding laminates as you suggested. I am attempting to edit another file to create a magnetic 608 bearing using very small magnets which is proving much harder. My printers resolution seems to be limiting me atm. My projects are all about being small though. Though sizing them up digitally should be possible.
@@TheWeaponshold Maybe design the parts so they can be printed in vase mode and have only 1 layer for each feature in the radial direction? From what I can see, that would get rid of at least 4 layers that are pushing each component further apart. Then use set screws or pins in place of the machine screws to get rid of the heads that are also pushing everything further apart. That would allow for the air gaps to get much smaller.
Very interesting article ... Thanks for sharing.... It reminds me of outrunner brushless motor, where electrical current in coils replaced by rotating magnits. These motors sometimes loose sync like what happened in the video when u suddenly increased motor speed....
Many thanks.... Very inspiring video.
There is a chemical that works well with a magnet . . All I can tell you is that once you figure it out, what you already know will change. We are 95% to achieving this breakthrough and your video helped us a lot.
1) you can increase torque by increasing magnetic field strength with stronger magnets, or getting them closer together, or redirecting magnetic fields like you did at the end. 2) even though you apparently redirected some of the magnetic field, part of it might not have been redirected, just annulled the other. Also you've just shown a 2 slice of the field, but the field is 3d, so you could redirect field from the sides as well.
3) magnets are more expensive and lose magnetism over time (although slowly)
4) you could switch magnets for electromagnetic fields.
In addition to going to a Halbach array, it would be useful to have the magnets butted up right next to each other. This would reduce the effective air gap and should increase the torque. The field modulators probably should be soft iron bars rather than whatever those screws are made out of, and again try to reduce the air gap between the 3 rings. Also, use some locknuts - in the high speed test, you can see the nuts working their way out - LOL. This was a very interesting and entertaining film - you don't usually see innovation in mechanics like this.or to fill the air gaps in each ring with a permeable material
That's awesome! I'd love to see you make one with closer tolerances. I know that Tesla is getting more power out of it's motors by having incredibly small spacing between magnets. It stands to reason that you could get the same result here (I think).
Obviously, it's hard to get precision with 3d printing, but maybe a bit less gap. Or maybe talk to another creator and see if they can turn something out of wood or PVC on a lathe?
That’s really interesting. I’m curious if you get cogging of the output in response to a smooth input gear speed.
i think its more so that the magnetic force is easy to overcome with enough torque, thus causing slippage, then youd need to increasse the size of the magnet, which increases mass, and now you have interfering fields amongst multiple magnetic gears. this application would be extremely useful when controlling motion between two areas without connecting to each other, like an isolated or vacuum chamber. this would be essential in producing rotational energy even though there is physical material blocking the linkage.
is it different from the servo, can the magnet be replaced by induction to strengthen it😁😁
axial motor
really cool stuff!
what would happen if it had a load on it though? I imagine once you add a propeller onto it the losses would become quite a bit greater
It would simply be useless.
Wonderful sharing! Super excited to see some cooperation going between us🤝
Really great job. You explained things very well. Fascinating what magnets can do. Keep up the good work!
I had a hard time understanding his english and had to abort. Bad sound quality maybe FIX it with better mic and english courses
Hi. I've been pondering on the concept of magnetic gears. The application of using it on a boat prop.
If you had magnetic fields on both side of fiberglass to spin a prop. Then you won't need a seal for the hull of the boat.
They make 'ducted' props that are driven by electromagnets in the duct and permanent magnets in the blades and no bearing in the center of the prop, so yeah, no throughhull or bearings. Been wanting to make one myself and found they are already done on big ships.
You really nailed the principle of magnetic gearing. I learned a lot from this video. So, what kinds of applications do you see this magnetic gearbox for?
Very interesting project. I wonder what effects changing the moderators in service would have? Could such things as moving the moderators in or out or having mixed permeability or laterally movable or even changing the number have any useful effects, such as changing gear ratios?
This is also interesting project: th-cam.com/video/nnAE0hqgH6Y/w-d-xo.html&ab_channel=HiddenTechnology
Cool demonstration ☺️ You expressed surprise about the noise, and I was wondering if this right here 9:01 shows (part of) the cause. It doesn't spin at a constant speed, because of the very nature by which push and pull works the system. That causes the whole thing to vibrate and as such make a noise.
5:20 What was up with that magnetic view?
I love how Yoda impersonating Kermit the Frog made something this fascinating
I think it's very interesting. I would use it for robots that work with human as a protection for over torque. In cnc I would use it as sensorless endstop cnc.
It's very promising. A question, does the permanent magnet lose magnetic force over time? And if yes, is big ? There must be a formula for that.
Thanks for sharing
Sure they lose power over time. Though I think it may take a few million years for it to be a measurable amount...
Do a follow up video! This is super interesting! What else can be done to maximize the transmissible torque? What if all the magnets were closer together? What if you applied power to the faster side, and stepped down the speed? Is the torque better?
yes, but it looks like it has very low torque
Dang, that's awesome. I was just talking to my friends about how magnets could be use to generate power. Then this video comes on my feed? I love it. Thank you for the awesome video!!
What if the actual teeth of conventional gears where individual strong magnets .. the gears could be loose fitting but the teeth could still interlock, all be it with an air gap, but rely on magnetic resistence to transfer torque as opposed to phsyical contact ?
So hard to understand the words coming put of his mouth
They have been used for years heavy vehicles use them in cooling fans as the magnets spin the fans to keep air flow but when engine high loads and temps increase a mechanical clutch will lock the fan into direct drive for maximum cooling...
I had an old fax machine that used magnetic reduction to drive the drum. There was a 4 pole rotating magnet, a flux guide, & an outer steel internal gear. The construction resembled a harmonic "wave" drive, in that the flux guide & the outer gear differed by 4 teeth.
This channel is way under rated.. keep going bro I hope you a million subscriber
We use these in oil and gas for permanent magnet motors in Electric Submersible pumps. Work great and very efficient. However, very dangerous if there is back flow as any rotation of the shaft can cause voltage generation at surface.
9:44 How are you measuring loss? Comparing the input and output RPM will only tell you the gear ratio. Have to measure input and output power to calculate loss.
High torque warrants that the moving parts be high tolerance and treated like journal bearings, to maximize flux linkage between the moving parts.
At 2:15 I don’t understand the representation. A magnet can’t be monopole, so where are the north and South Pole on each red and blue magnet ? The representation assume that red would be a south (or north whatever) pole and vice versa. But that would be wrong… so can anyone explain me please
great idea and great presentation only issue you run into is work capability. Induce a load beyond these natural forces inherent and analog based capabilities and you get slippage. Its a wonderful and scalable application for doing work in non excessive load based needs like fluid transfer. We've been looking at this for sometime now with the major developments lying in understanding flux schedules and there inherent applications around energy processes. You've got a wonderful approach to an inline water pump for remote applications which is a huge need for agriculture in remote places like Wyoming or even in the middle east where it is hard to get fresh pumped water to remote areas for such applications. this is a fantastic low cost and low energy method for such utility! something to maybe consider! keep going! you're on the right track! best of luck to you!
How about this: th-cam.com/video/nnAE0hqgH6Y/w-d-xo.html&ab_channel=HiddenTechnology
Greatly increase in torque
For me it would be a great product for food or medical where debris is heavily avoided at all costs.
I would say this would need to be more precisely made and have orders of magnitude more poles to reduce its vibration.
The other place i can see this being good is for something called a torque plate which is designed to apply torque to a limit then yields, this would be great at that
I think a design based on a stepper motor configuration might make lots more torque and variable torque. Good video. I liked it.
hi! 6:35 Curious about the torque numbers… think this is a low torque transmission. Not even strong enough to start rotate with crank.
hallbach configuration makes the magnetic field not only denser on one side but also denser around the magnets. this means unless you're working with smaller distances, it actually weakens the magnetic force.
more applicable to torque converters, keep in mind that gears are not couplings but transfer torque in ratio and proportion.
@5:30 - What film or material does he use to see the magnetic fields??
“They” have been using “Electromagnetic gearing”(EM Coupling is more accurate). Since the 1950’s. I bet everybody that says I’m full of it , has some form of tech in each and every one of their homes. Don’t get me wrong, it’s awesome and we should see it more. Cool video.
I don't know if the idea is a game changer, but definitely cool. No torque means it can't do any heavy lifting, it's bulky so it can't be used in small spaced areas without building the room around it. And it's expensive to build compared to some metal gears.
One problem would be the eddy currents converting part of the energy into heat.
The other is that this mechanism transfers torque, not translation. In other words, it can never 'lock in' as a mechanical gearbox can.
But could be pretty useful in certain circumstances.
Great video man....idk exactly what I was expecting, what I DO KNOW....is you dam sure exceeded them!!! For real...Tip top, on info, and presentation!!
A great application for this is in pumps for hazardous materials and systems that require higher controls on sealing like refrigeration.
How obout powwer???
Is that powerful?????
you don't have to completely eliminate conventional gears though. for high torque applications, you can use traditional gears to achieve maximum torque and you'll still have reduced the number of gears. the contactless nature of this system could be utilized in continuous transmission. if you can make the modulator in a way that instead of solid pieces of ferromagnetic parts, they are numerous pieces clumped up to form the piece (like instead of screws, clumps of needles). then, in theory, you could rearrange them to have different number of clumps. this way without touching any load bearing parts, you would be able to change the gear ratio
It seems to be a better option for magnetic coupling for limited torque, water pumps, corrosive and hazardous environments. Even though the power transmission is non contact type, the efficiency is low and operation is not precise.
Literally every week I see a video in my recommended about how magnetic gears are the best thing ever and no one talks about it... is that just my algorithm? or is that many people are talking about magnetic gears?
This idea could be applied to a cycloidal/harmonic arrangement for high ratio compact low torque box. Having a box that can slip damage free but is synchronous during operation seems like a cool thing, especially at a high ratio. A high field flexible magnet printable/cutable material would be cool applied to any of these magnetic gear concepts.
Man your channel would absolutely skyrocket if you vocalized at al. No hate here, genuinely giving you a point of improvement
Thanks. Start up torque is a big problem. Vfd needed and no sudden load increase.
Two questions:
1. When the output has a resistive force, does the magnetic gear have a much lower threshold for failure as compared to a mechanical gear?
2. Do the magnets have magnetic wear-and-tear? I.e. magnets needs to be replaced after some years. If so, is the magnet replacement lower cost than replacing mechanical gears?
magnetic synchronizers are probably the best practical application of what you are talking about. nobody likes a slipping gear, and magnetically coupled gears will slip unless they are ridiculously more powerful than needed. it all depends on what problem you are trying to solve. a bearing still needs lube and fails at some time. a magnetic bearing requires power, and the power source fails at some time, or is inefficient. windings on an electromagnet fail at some time. even permanent magnets fail at some time.
전기톰이나,전기대패 절단용 공작물등에서
공작물 이송용으로 딱이네요
so fascinating I can't wait for the next video with the different magnet arrangement
Curie Temperature - Regular neodymium magnets are strongest operating up to temperatures of 80°C but after this point, they will lose their magnetic output. Eddy Currents will heat the assembly and magnets, effectively 'wearing' the magnetic gears unless you can manage to guarantee a cold operating environment.
What is that screen film that lets you see magnetic fields called?
2:30 Does your example works on magnetic monopoles?
Omg! About 25 years ago my science teacher talk about this he couldn't explain this I now get the concept more. Is this alsome something that could be prototype with a chain gear to take away the oil and lower friction?? Thank you great video keep up prototype video I found so much info to need about. I may even call my old science teacher.