The way I heard it concerning peat moss sustainability issues was mostly over in Europe where the burn it for heating fuel in the winter which creates a situation where the supply will never catch up to the demand. In the states we get our peat moss from Canada mostly. There is a regulatory body in Canada whose sole job is to make sure only so much is harvested every year, and they are very strict. Somebody educate me if I am incorrect.
Yes you are on point, I remember reading it takes around 25 years to get one inch of peat moss. So we can and probably are taking more than is being made by nature. Great point happy growing 🤙🏻
The time factor at play with whats going on in the ecosystem its in, we use more that the rate its created. Bogs and peat have/are super old deteriorated and stable carbon. Soil carbon doesnt contribute to how much CO2 is in the atmosphere, climate change. So if we go and dig it up, it destabilises it and kicks up CO2 into the atmosphere, and the product we take also contributes to that over time as well. So like coal, super stable soil carbon, we remove the carbon from the ground and transform it to an atmospheric state through using it.
Perfect Gardens is responsible for bringing the brand into the Cannabis/Ag market. I don't own the product. I wish i did. The product has existed for over 50 years. Hope that makes since.
Appreciate the response. Yeah I look up the website and your face comes up before the link to the site. I'm looking for more info on the "group of young people" that own the company stated in the about us section. My original question would also be better phrased as " what involvement do you have with drops of balance besides selling it" I can't find any info from 3rd parties on the product and if you have any type of monetary investment or development in the ambiguous technology into drops of balance it should be known seeing that you're involved in bringing it to the cannabis / ag market.
I use 30% peat moss + 70 % perlite and 70 % Coco + 30% perlite with an equal best result. I reuse it continuous. 14 liters pots. When I feel that pots are lighter, I'm watering. No problem to the end.
Do u have something against organic growing ? You only talk about feed salts and synthetic bottles. Try and build a real soil and try it. I bet you don’t reuse ur coco either probably throw it away. That’s sustainable. Atleast peat can be remanded and just keep using it. That’s what sustainability is.
It’s the opposite he loves organic and wants everyone to be aware of its amazing benefits. When he’s talking about synthetic he’s trying to inform you what is in these bottles and what you are applying to your plants so you can make an educated decision. Happy growing 🤙🏻
The coco comes from places where the natural forests have been burned and wiped out to plant the farms . . . So it’s not really more environmentally friendly than sphagnum pete. So us as customers and consumers . . .
Solid point! that is great awareness for all, we often think we find solutions when in turn we create another problem. Excellent point happy growing 🤙🏻
Don’t forget we further our knowledge with our 2.99 membership. It gets you access to our private chats in an app. We have lots of people sharing their experiences , grow tips, extra educational videos and weekly zoom meetings where any member can join and ask questions and meet a group of great people!!thank you for your support, happy growing 🤙🏻
i'm saying the same thing i always say and i'm amazed that i'm the only person saying it. what's the SUPER obvious advantage of peat moss - the taste. it's smooth rich and earthy like you want a smoke to be. how can anyone miss that. i mentioned it on a forum a couple decades ago of course, peat moss for taste, like whiskey. why don't modern growers actually taste their shit instead of grow by internet hype? it's like why is all the food in the supermarket stale but no one ever notices, you're used to it.
Great content as usual! In my opinion, concerning the environment, peat and coco are a wash in advantages and disadvantes. Peat is very long to regenerate. Coco instead has a heavy carbon footprint coming from so far away. Grown with coco for many years and adding 25% worm castings does the job, no perlite. About the peat puck (Jiffy), I buy them by the 1000 in a box and for me, they are the cheapest for germination/seedlings when you include manpower in the cost. It could be done with coco, in 64 cells trays, but it's so messy! Always water the pucks from bottom so you can't overwater your newly borns! Cheers
Do yourself a favor and test your soil less mediums for claimed PH and PPMs. You will scratch your head in disbelief and find a better, cleaner product. The fewer variables equals a better end product and repeatable results. Thanks again 😃
Same I'll add insect frass, ewc, crab meal, bunny manure, biochar, coir, hair, perlite,vermiculite, coffee grounds & greensand. Basically just use water, aminos & microbial products. Rarely get a def, but have ran a few teas to prevent.
Always on point with the knowledge! I’ve found that when I’m digging the roots up the pucks don’t really break apart. Maybe the jiffy/peat puck fabric (teabag like cover) takes a lot longer to decompose. Or full composting. Stay Frosty Growmies ✌️🇨🇦
Jiffy certainly do prevent roots getting out a bit. Many suppliers of indoor plants use them to start and thru work ive unpotted so many plants that have weird roots systems because of how they have been prevented by the jiffy pot, i feel its more of an outside plant starter.
Me loves vs information because I don't have to find out for myself. I actually in middle of switching to organic. My flower plants are still synthetic and my veg are organic. I use promix but I add about 60% perlite that's my synthetic guys. In my organic using 25% promix 25% homemade compost and 50% perlite. Idk see what happens but the organic guys seem pretty happy.
Yes! once you dial in some very basic things you’ll be just adding water and little top dress here and there. Stick with it you won’t be disappointed and the end results are great! Thanks for sharing your mix with us and happy growing 🤙🏻
@@davehansen4208 yep perpetual harvesting is not fun mixing 4 different feeding schedules. Especially if you're a stoned adhd with loads of other things to do.
@@PerfectGardensTVDave's not here man, I seen quite a few replies from Dave. Thought he's just some guy in a really good mood because he's just sampled from his fresh harvest. I started adding cat food to my compost. Because my cats didn't like the new food. It really heats up the compost even after it's cooled down. Figured it has lots of organic stuff in it.
Anyone know what causes little black dots all over the leaf stems and veins. Eventual blotch spots on leaves. I don't think it's mites because they never move. Thinking black mold. Also my soil has skinny elongated looking bugs. Can't identify them at all.
It could be leaf Septoria, and with out seeing a picture of the bug it will be very hard to identify. It sound like they could be Garden symphylans. They move very quick and can live for good amount of time. I hope this helps guide you to your issues. You should head over to our membership for 2.99/mo we have private chat app and we share stuff every single day, tons of advice grow tips and great people. We also do live zoom meetings and any member can join in and that is all included with the membership. Happy growing hope to see you there 🤙🏻
@@davehansen4208 these are dark grey and only have 6 legs. Very small and the head and tail look identical. If it didn't have antennae and wasnt moving you wouldn't know what's the head and what's the ass. ()
What do you do if you mixed your soil with too much dry nutrients? I haven't put it in a container yet and I don't want to throw it all away 😶 I think I am getting sulfur lockout
Could you add a bag of just plain soil to help extend it? Or use it to help with top dressing? I would never get rude of it you can add to old soil over the years…..you have many options happy growing 🤙🏻
I know the peat guy, I've been to his bog at the base of a grand ole mountain carved by glacier. I get a dump truck load for 150$ Its about 5 miles from my house, seems more sustainable as swans, ducks, geese have moved into the ponds left behind from the dig.
You should join Mark and the group over at membership were the conversations never end $2.99 and you gain access to our private chats in an app. We do weekly zoom calls and ANY one can join in ask questions and be apart of something great. Thanks for your support happy growing 🤙🏻
A lot of people that have problems with just one end up doing this. Adding worm castings, compost and other materials to create a more user friendly media. Basically they will end up with a soil and get great results vs just coco or just peat. Great point thanks for your support, happy growing🤙🏻
for a Bail of PROMIX HP i add in 5 gallons of worm casting and 10 gallons of my compost i never start any seeds in peat or coco pots i start in cells with pure peat moss i get massive root structures in all my plants
Meh a little to gretta on the peat. Every mass produced medium is going to have negative effects. I like some peat in my mix but then I'm from Canada and it's way more local than coco. But you do have good vids so I'll let this one go😜
Have you looked at Pitt Moss? It is a paper pulp replacement for both peat and coco. Do you test your coconut coir? I have found most compressed bricks are loaded with salt, oil and some have tested positive for hydraulic fluid.
i like the pro mix HP CC (no peat moss) if i can find it . had no choice and went with the bx this spring just added a bunch of perlite and turface.. long time hydroton grower love the stuff. always take my root balls apart to see what was going on in there too. as a bonsai'er i love the way the root base forms. the nibari is what we call it in bonsai. thanks PG mark and izzem for the video and good question
Thank you Mark. Q: How can i get a thick main stock like so many growers have? Is there a trick or what because after every harvest i end up with pencil thick stalks? It seems its more than just training or super cropping imo?
@@davehansen4208 Garden centres will be banned from selling peat-based compost from 2024 as part of the government's bid to tackle the climate emergency. Alongside the ban, £50m in support will be awarded for the restoration of 35,000 hectares of UK peatland, around 1 per cent of the total.18 May 2021....plus USA 👍
@@Gypsyukgrow thanks for the quick response! European countries also burn it for a heat source right? Is that the climate end of things? Thanks again for helping me understand this great topic! 🤙🏻
@@davehansen4208 no problem pal a lot of people should know about 😂 basically they're saving all the bog all that kind of stuff 👊aka save the planet 🌏 👊
Most of the issues you state about coco only happen if you're buying the cheapest, dirtiest, and most compressed bricks of coco on amazon. Don't be an idiot, buy quality coco such as Cyco Nutrients Coco Pearl..It's pre-buffered. If you're that worried about the coco "stealing" nutrients then just buffer it yourself!
The best pro-coco argument in my opinion, is its ability to prevent your plants from drowning when growing outdoors. If you live in the PNW, where it's not uncommon to see a week of continuous rainfall in the spring and fall, this is a HUGE advantage. When we use coco in a strictly hydroponic drain to waste system, the rule is to keep the coco wet... in fact when I was growing indoor, I was fertigating 4 to 5 times daily once my pots became root-bound which would surely kill any plant had the media been peat moss. Now I've switched to outdoor, my mix is about 50% coco & perlite, and 50% compost & chicken manure. This is still sufficient in providing excellent water retention and drainage. Even during the three heat waves we had last year, when temperatures exceeded 38 C (100 F), I was watering not because the plants needed it, but to keep the root-zone from overheating, which is another huge advantage considering plants don't uptake anything at such high temperatures. You've probably been warned about over-watering during heat waves for this reason- you're likely to drown the plants. Not so in coco. I water my plants daily whether I think they need it or not. There's no such thing as overwatering, & anaerobic conditions & root-rot. You've been warned not to over-water in peat (oh, make sure the pots feel light, but not too light... don't compact the medium... the plants will drown... let it dry out between waterings... use a moisture meter... bla bla bla), meanwhile if your using fertilizer salts, your poor plants will be on a rollercoaster ride as the ppm swing all over the place. Not to mention, when peat dries, you'll notice it compacts itself and shrinks away from the sides of the pot, so when you go to water, it all runs down the sides and out the bottom before it even has much chance to re-hydrate the peat. It's ridiculous. Peat is junk. By all means use it if you enjoy overcoming issues and challenges that are easily avoidable otherwise.
![เปิดบ้าน พี่ตูน Bodyslam หลังใหม่คนแรก ที่ภูเก็ต l [Nickynachat]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/flFwcmyDQSk/mqdefault.jpg)
Great video. Thanks for the recognition and appreciate the work. Good luck with your adventures
Any time bro
Good luck
The way I heard it concerning peat moss sustainability issues was mostly over in Europe where the burn it for heating fuel in the winter which creates a situation where the supply will never catch up to the demand. In the states we get our peat moss from Canada mostly. There is a regulatory body in Canada whose sole job is to make sure only so much is harvested every year, and they are very strict.
Somebody educate me if I am incorrect.
Yes you are on point, I remember reading it takes around 25 years to get one inch of peat moss. So we can and probably are taking more than is being made by nature. Great point happy growing 🤙🏻
The time factor at play with whats going on in the ecosystem its in, we use more that the rate its created. Bogs and peat have/are super old deteriorated and stable carbon. Soil carbon doesnt contribute to how much CO2 is in the atmosphere, climate change. So if we go and dig it up, it destabilises it and kicks up CO2 into the atmosphere, and the product we take also contributes to that over time as well. So like coal, super stable soil carbon, we remove the carbon from the ground and transform it to an atmospheric state through using it.
@@ormcgazm plants eat co2. It's good for the forest.
Peat moss add coarse perlite
Hey do you own drops of balance or have majority stake in it? Why is it never mentioned in any of your videos if so?
I realized this after i ordered some pretty sure its 100% his company or made specifically for him
Perfect Gardens is responsible for bringing the brand into the Cannabis/Ag market. I don't own the product. I wish i did. The product has existed for over 50 years. Hope that makes since.
Appreciate the response. Yeah I look up the website and your face comes up before the link to the site. I'm looking for more info on the "group of young people" that own the company stated in the about us section.
My original question would also be better phrased as " what involvement do you have with drops of balance besides selling it" I can't find any info from 3rd parties on the product and if you have any type of monetary investment or development in the ambiguous technology into drops of balance it should be known seeing that you're involved in bringing it to the cannabis / ag market.
The problem with coco fiber is that the material is too green. It will breakdown and rot killing the oxygen in your soil.
I use 30% peat moss + 70 % perlite and 70 % Coco + 30% perlite with an equal best result. I reuse it continuous. 14 liters pots. When I feel that pots are lighter, I'm watering. No problem to the end.
Once I dialed in the Coco preparation, I’ve had reliable, powerful growth and heavy yields
I like the peat moss because i can top off with more moss + worm casting.
Do u have something against organic growing ? You only talk about feed salts and synthetic bottles. Try and build a real soil and try it. I bet you don’t reuse ur coco either probably throw it away. That’s sustainable. Atleast peat can be remanded and just keep using it. That’s what sustainability is.
It’s the opposite he loves organic and wants everyone to be aware of its amazing benefits. When he’s talking about synthetic he’s trying to inform you what is in these bottles and what you are applying to your plants so you can make an educated decision. Happy growing 🤙🏻
I love living soil.
I think there was a misunderstanding
Mark
Believe it or not, Coco is more damaging to the environment than peat.
Check out a video by Gardner Scott.
Good information here.
Right on time man thank you. Kids r still asleep also 🦾
:)
GREAT VIDEO
THANJS
The coco comes from places where the natural forests have been burned and wiped out to plant the farms . . . So it’s not really more environmentally friendly than sphagnum pete. So us as customers and consumers . . .
Solid point! that is great awareness for all, we often think we find solutions when in turn we create another problem. Excellent point happy growing 🤙🏻
I don't know what's going on but I need the link. Something happened and I could get it
go to the membership tab on youtube
should be there
th-cam.com/video/qQBF8_GH-HY/w-d-xo.html
Great video. I have been wondering about coco for a while now.
CoCo is a renewable resource. Peat moss is not. My choice is that simple. I use the small air pot to develop a nice root system before transplanting.
Yeah man, bog peat and the like is as dirty as mining coal
:)
:)
Solid info much appreciated, can always count on a good dose of knowledge when watching ur videos!
Don’t forget we further our knowledge with our 2.99 membership. It gets you access to our private chats in an app. We have lots of people sharing their experiences , grow tips, extra educational videos and weekly zoom meetings where any member can join and ask questions and meet a group of great people!!thank you for your support, happy growing 🤙🏻
i'm saying the same thing i always say and i'm amazed that i'm the only person saying it.
what's the SUPER obvious advantage of peat moss - the taste. it's smooth rich and earthy like you want a smoke to be.
how can anyone miss that. i mentioned it on a forum a couple decades ago of course, peat moss for taste, like whiskey. why don't modern growers actually taste their shit instead of grow by internet hype? it's like why is all the food in the supermarket stale but no one ever notices, you're used to it.
Would Mixing coco and soil together be a good mix?
Great content as usual! In my opinion, concerning the environment, peat and coco are a wash in advantages and disadvantes. Peat is very long to regenerate. Coco instead has a heavy carbon footprint coming from so far away. Grown with coco for many years and adding 25% worm castings does the job, no perlite. About the peat puck (Jiffy), I buy them by the 1000 in a box and for me, they are the cheapest for germination/seedlings when you include manpower in the cost. It could be done with coco, in 64 cells trays, but it's so messy! Always water the pucks from bottom so you can't overwater your newly borns! Cheers
Do yourself a favor and test your soil less mediums for claimed PH and PPMs. You will scratch your head in disbelief and find a better, cleaner product. The fewer variables equals a better end product and repeatable results. Thanks again 😃
Mix 20percent white volcano pumice stone with your promix.
Honestly i like putting a little coco in my promixx with a few other things.
Same I'll add insect frass, ewc, crab meal, bunny manure, biochar, coir, hair, perlite,vermiculite, coffee grounds & greensand. Basically just use water, aminos & microbial products. Rarely get a def, but have ran a few teas to prevent.
Always on point with the knowledge! I’ve found that when I’m digging the roots up the pucks don’t really break apart. Maybe the jiffy/peat puck fabric (teabag like cover) takes a lot longer to decompose. Or full composting. Stay Frosty Growmies ✌️🇨🇦
You guys getting snow yet up there yet? 🥶 happy growing 🤙🏻
Dave is right. It is like u harvest then it snows
At least hear in Co
Jiffy certainly do prevent roots getting out a bit. Many suppliers of indoor plants use them to start and thru work ive unpotted so many plants that have weird roots systems because of how they have been prevented by the jiffy pot, i feel its more of an outside plant starter.
@@ormcgazm Exactly. They're the old standard in "starter" plugs. I remember them as teen, and I'm 54!
Thankfully we have many more choices these days.
Me loves vs information because I don't have to find out for myself. I actually in middle of switching to organic. My flower plants are still synthetic and my veg are organic.
I use promix but I add about 60% perlite that's my synthetic guys.
In my organic using 25% promix 25% homemade compost and 50% perlite. Idk see what happens but the organic guys seem pretty happy.
Yes! once you dial in some very basic things you’ll be just adding water and little top dress here and there. Stick with it you won’t be disappointed and the end results are great! Thanks for sharing your mix with us and happy growing 🤙🏻
@@davehansen4208 yep perpetual harvesting is not fun mixing 4 different feeding schedules. Especially if you're a stoned adhd with loads of other things to do.
@@kevinisbell1867 true that 😂🤙🏻
Hey Kevin Dave has one of the moderators for the channel.
If you ever see Dave responded it's like responding by perfect gardens:)
@@PerfectGardensTVDave's not here man, I seen quite a few replies from Dave. Thought he's just some guy in a really good mood because he's just sampled from his fresh harvest. I started adding cat food to my compost. Because my cats didn't like the new food. It really heats up the compost even after it's cooled down. Figured it has lots of organic stuff in it.
Anyone know what causes little black dots all over the leaf stems and veins. Eventual blotch spots on leaves. I don't think it's mites because they never move. Thinking black mold. Also my soil has skinny elongated looking bugs. Can't identify them at all.
here you go
have a great day
Check out the membership u will love it - Mark
th-cam.com/video/KjKZ7H6WhsQ/w-d-xo.html
It could be leaf Septoria, and with out seeing a picture of the bug it will be very hard to identify. It sound like they could be Garden symphylans. They move very quick and can live for good amount of time. I hope this helps guide you to your issues. You should head over to our membership for 2.99/mo we have private chat app and we share stuff every single day, tons of advice grow tips and great people. We also do live zoom meetings and any member can join in and that is all included with the membership. Happy growing hope to see you there 🤙🏻
@@davehansen4208 these are dark grey and only have 6 legs. Very small and the head and tail look identical. If it didn't have antennae and wasnt moving you wouldn't know what's the head and what's the ass. ()
@@klenmcrock5265 like a silverfish?
@@davehansen4208 Nothing like that. I've seen them outside my house on the concrete walkway near the exterior walls.
ok so I want to reuse my roots 707 soil, do you have a video for renewing soil.
We are actually in the works about amending and reusing soil….please stay patient and thanks for the feed back! Happy growing🤙🏻
Awesome video! I love learning so much from u. Keep up the great work sending good vibes from Massachusetts!
Ty appreciate u :)
Learn something new everytime I watch one of your videos brother! Keep up the outstanding work my man...💯💯👌✌
Ty josh
I'm not a huge peat moss fan. I don't like the hydrophobic qualities it can have. Just my experience so far. 💚
Agree
What do you do if you mixed your soil with too much dry nutrients? I haven't put it in a container yet and I don't want to throw it all away 😶 I think I am getting sulfur lockout
Could you add a bag of just plain soil to help extend it? Or use it to help with top dressing? I would never get rude of it you can add to old soil over the years…..you have many options happy growing 🤙🏻
Interesting subject as always!
Ty bro
I know the peat guy, I've been to his bog at the base of a grand ole mountain carved by glacier. I get a dump truck load for 150$ Its about 5 miles from my house, seems more sustainable as swans, ducks, geese have moved into the ponds left behind from the dig.
Mark will lead the free world 💯
You should join Mark and the group over at membership were the conversations never end $2.99 and you gain access to our private chats in an app. We do weekly zoom calls and ANY one can join in ask questions and be apart of something great. Thanks for your support happy growing 🤙🏻
Why not try a blend of both aswell
A lot of people that have problems with just one end up doing this. Adding worm castings, compost and other materials to create a more user friendly media. Basically they will end up with a soil and get great results vs just coco or just peat. Great point thanks for your support, happy growing🤙🏻
Still need casting
And agree alot of mixture have both
@@PerfectGardensTV i got that aswell from a year being in a compost bin, topped with fresh leaf
Coots mix.
Coco life.
for a Bail of PROMIX HP i add in 5 gallons of worm casting and 10 gallons of my compost i never start any seeds in peat or coco pots i start in cells with pure peat moss i get massive root structures in all my plants
That sounds like a killer mix I bet you get great results! Happy growing 🤙🏻
Newbies use pots.
Meh a little to gretta on the peat. Every mass produced medium is going to have negative effects. I like some peat in my mix but then I'm from Canada and it's way more local than coco. But you do have good vids so I'll let this one go😜
Have you looked at Pitt Moss? It is a paper pulp replacement for both peat and coco.
Do you test your coconut coir? I have found most compressed bricks are loaded with salt, oil and some have tested positive for hydraulic fluid.
i like the pro mix HP CC (no peat moss) if i can find it . had no choice and went with the bx this spring just added a bunch of perlite and turface.. long time hydroton grower love the stuff. always take my root balls apart to see what was going on in there too. as a bonsai'er i love the way the root base forms. the nibari is what we call it in bonsai. thanks PG mark and izzem for the video and good question
Thank you Mark.
Q: How can i get a thick main stock like so many growers have? Is there a trick or what because after every harvest i end up with pencil thick stalks? It seems its more than just training or super cropping imo?
Peat moss will be banned soon
Would love to understand why, because of the processes to get it? Love to hear your feed back
@@davehansen4208 Garden centres will be banned from selling peat-based compost from 2024 as part of the government's bid to tackle the climate emergency. Alongside the ban, £50m in support will be awarded for the restoration of 35,000 hectares of UK peatland, around 1 per cent of the total.18 May 2021....plus USA 👍
@@Gypsyukgrow thanks for the quick response! European countries also burn it for a heat source right? Is that the climate end of things? Thanks again for helping me understand this great topic! 🤙🏻
@@davehansen4208 no problem pal a lot of people should know about 😂 basically they're saving all the bog all that kind of stuff 👊aka save the planet 🌏 👊
Always learning bro thanks
Peat moss is already decomposed how does it decompose further?
Most of the issues you state about coco only happen if you're buying the cheapest, dirtiest, and most compressed bricks of coco on amazon. Don't be an idiot, buy quality coco such as Cyco Nutrients Coco Pearl..It's pre-buffered. If you're that worried about the coco "stealing" nutrients then just buffer it yourself!
The best pro-coco argument in my opinion, is its ability to prevent your plants from drowning when growing outdoors. If you live in the PNW, where it's not uncommon to see a week of continuous rainfall in the spring and fall, this is a HUGE advantage. When we use coco in a strictly hydroponic drain to waste system, the rule is to keep the coco wet... in fact when I was growing indoor, I was fertigating 4 to 5 times daily once my pots became root-bound which would surely kill any plant had the media been peat moss.
Now I've switched to outdoor, my mix is about 50% coco & perlite, and 50% compost & chicken manure. This is still sufficient in providing excellent water retention and drainage. Even during the three heat waves we had last year, when temperatures exceeded 38 C (100 F), I was watering not because the plants needed it, but to keep the root-zone from overheating, which is another huge advantage considering plants don't uptake anything at such high temperatures. You've probably been warned about over-watering during heat waves for this reason- you're likely to drown the plants. Not so in coco. I water my plants daily whether I think they need it or not. There's no such thing as overwatering, & anaerobic conditions & root-rot.
You've been warned not to over-water in peat (oh, make sure the pots feel light, but not too light... don't compact the medium... the plants will drown... let it dry out between waterings... use a moisture meter... bla bla bla), meanwhile if your using fertilizer salts, your poor plants will be on a rollercoaster ride as the ppm swing all over the place. Not to mention, when peat dries, you'll notice it compacts itself and shrinks away from the sides of the pot, so when you go to water, it all runs down the sides and out the bottom before it even has much chance to re-hydrate the peat. It's ridiculous. Peat is junk. By all means use it if you enjoy overcoming issues and challenges that are easily avoidable otherwise.