PHILOSOPHY - René Descartes
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 ก.ย. 2024
- Rene Descartes is perhaps the world’s best known-philosopher, in large part because of his pithy statement, ‘I think therefore I am.’ He stands out as an example of what intellectual self-confidence can bring us. Please subscribe here: tinyurl.com/o28...
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0:17 rationalist
1:08 method of doubts
1:53 individual experience and reason
3:00 cogito ergo sum
5:39 passions of the soul
6:40 six passions
thanks schops
@UCIhV7lRTIQVzzb6ya_KPAhA .. excuse me wtf?!
Where is this quote (I think, therefore I am) from?????
Because, dude, I'm thinking,
Wait (I think) I read his Mediations On First Philosophy (or something along those lines),
Translated into English it was a text book.
And for the life of me i can't remember him proffessing this...
The closest would have been something like,
I am an object which thinks.
Having seen the entire video, I'm thinking, well his meditations on his first philosophy might as well be clearer, or more further analysed and resolved; at least that's how it was presented in the textbook; it had critical notes and even his response to said notes...
Given that, One can Imagine a big fat one-eyed purple people-eater, therefore it exists although It may not be able to think.
And then, his profession, I think therefore I am, sort of makes less sense philosophically.
But then, I'm not college-educated. And sorry for wasting your time, if that's what you think of my dumb inquiry.
th-cam.com/video/Lvu19dZGMw0/w-d-xo.html
Descartes walks into a bar.
"Would you like a drink, sir?" the bartender asks.
Descartes responds with, "I think not," and ceases to exist.
Sarah, that is funny application of Descartes's skeptical method..
***** Thank you. I thought long and hard about it. Longer and harder than I really should have.
Awake ned No. I don't make innuendo puns, mate.
Awake ned In your dirty mind, perhaps.
Did you think long and hard enough to realize that you exist?
I was sort of expecting a few remarks on his mathematical genius. It is often overlooked by people how the most brilliant of mathematicians were at the same time rather sober and helpful thinkers...
+Selman Adzovic He was a far better mathematician than philosopher.
+quinndiesel1977 mathematics is accessible to people in science, philosophy helps everybody that what he is remembered for. No I don't remember what his theorems talked about.
I see that many of you have missed my point. I do not find it relevant to speculate on whether Descartes had more significance as a philosopher than as a mathematician or scientist. The point is that wisdom of many of history's intelectual giants was not channelled solely through philosophy, but also through mathematics and natural sciences, to the point that there seems to be strong correlation between these areas of human intelect. Descartes is a prime example of this, but others like Spinoza, Leibniz or even Einstein could easily be placed in that same context. It is therefore unfortunate that many think of mathematical or natural sciences as dry or unimaginative, or of philosophy as disconnected from reality of practical life. A genius like Descartes showed that profound wisdom is just a common trait of different areas of human activity.
+Selman Adzovic That goes without saying. People don't usually name all the ingredients of pizza, they simply say pizza or the kind of pizza, pepperoni, mushroom, etc. Nothing "overlooked" here, just the point that the "part" of the whole you are most interested in was not discussed in this particular video. Many other parts of the whole were left out as well. The logical thing to do is to search youtube for Descartes Mathematics. You will find in many of those videos that his philosophical "parts" are not included.
+Selman Adzovic If you like mathematics check out Numberphile
damn if they were shocked to see him in bed at 11am, i would like to see their reaction when i am in bed at 3pm
Well daylight meant something back then.
zakariya mohamud I wake up at 3pm but stay in bed until 5pm...you could say I'm thinking...but I really don't want to do life
zakariya mohamud or imagine how they'd react to me not getting up all day on vacations period!
It is what I thought
I think in bed, therefore I am in bed.
Descartes to me is the most important philosopher ever. That is, in relation to the formation of modern science. He was to Newton, as Newton was to Einstein. Although a rationalist(as opposed to an empirical scientist), his work in mathematics was necessary in shaping Newton's mind in terms of structuring the world. My personal favorite work of his is the well-established Cartesian Coordinate System.
+Satoshi Nakamoto I wonder why many overlook the Cartesian Coordinate System, the concept that every man will eventually understand despite their will.
Can you please explain to me the difference between a rationalist and an empirical scientist?
@@shivammishra1720 truth is derived from logical concepts vs. truth derived from observation. Science places the latter in greater importance
@@satoshinakamoto5710 Okay so both are the means of getting knowledge but the latter one is better but not perfect.
He ranks equal to Rousseau and Kant in terms of complete idiocy
Just watched Nietzsche, Kant and now Descartes. I cant thank you and your producers enough for summarizing and collecting these methods. Bite sized pieces that not only validate but foster the growth of good people within society.
Descartes doesn't say he hoped into a stove. He meditated and developed his method while living in a small room heated by a stove. Such a room was called "poêle" which is the french word for stove. when recounting this In his "Discours de la méthode", he is referring to the room, not the stove itself.
It sounds cooler if he hopped into a stove tho
you are right lol i speak french and in school we are studying descartes and it's more accurate caue we sudy him in french. I didnt get it when he said descartes was in a stove lmaooo
Shut up buzzkill
@@Paddy984 No he is right, the word poêle was used by Descartes to refer to a heated room with a stove. There are many metonyms in the french language.
Thanks. I couldn't match the logical and down to earth mind of descartes jumping into a coal stove.
This makes way more sense
I hate to be "that guy," but at 3:18 the book shown was Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica by Isaac Newton. I only noticed because I was so impressed by the animations. They were great... like, Terry Gilliam level animations!!!
lmao ^
Artistic license?
I noticed that too.
Master Therion really look at my last name
And I'd swear that's Charles I of England duelling that Lion in the third minute.
Descartes original quote:
"I think I am, therefore I am, I think"
A logic loop with a dash of uncertainty.
Shaken,not stirred if you please.
If the world is a dream it still exists as much as reality but we only know if anything exists if we can observe it. It doesn't matter if you think or not, anything you observe exists as information at least. It is human nature to think about anything we observe
I just love this channel..soothes my mind and actually make me happy....Its such a wonder that knowing onself is so full of amazement.... and we try find it everywhere else.
I come here and subscribe to a well spoken description of topics I have checked out NUMEROUS library books or bought and tried to finish but never kept their basic difference beyond capitalist, commie, liberal religious, atheist. This is like PBS in a nice package.
7:08 thank you School of Life for helping us do exactly that. Cheers.
There is power in simple logic. It's so powerful that it's overlooked.
Happy Birthday René Descartes 03-31-2022!
It would be so intresting to find the entire text of such a beautiful documentary (yes I know: subtitles are there, but the whole written text would be other thing, exspecially for us, non english speaker teachers) !
6 passions have only 64 combinations, not so endless
not to take away from the content but i could listen to this narrator speak all day.
So great writer hats off master class , I like writers
3:17 That is Sir Isaac Newton's book on gravity and perhaps the most significant scientific book ever written. It is not one of descartes' books.
I watched this video 2 times now and i know i will see it 5 more times at least. Bravo for every aspect of the video !
Hard determinism changes the question of "I think therefore I am" to "How Can I think if my thoughts are predetermined. Leading most to dismiss hard determinism, yet that is exactly what hard determinism predicts.
Still great today." I Think, therefore I Am." Great algebra!
What about a video about Hannah Arendt and her ideas about revolutions, totalitarian regimes and the prozess of creative work?
I loved the effort put into the animation in this episode!
The quest for certainty was not just meant to tell whether the outside world exists, it was actually meant to tell what we can be absolutely certain of, in order to determine an absolutely certain foundation for knowledge.
Make a video on the Indian philosopher Chanakya.
So great the way you make a monumental philosopher fun without oversimplifying.
fiore sireci
Descartes it's the Hero this planet needs now!
The school of Life, please do a video on philosophies by Alan Watts, Eckhart Tolle, Dalai Lama, etc. Your channel is so valuable. Thank you.
I’m a great believer in mind over matter “ I don’t mind and you don’t matter”.
Thanks Queen Sofia!
Don't know about this philosophy crap but the Cartesian co-ordinate system or co-ordinate geometry is certainly Descartes' biggest gift to mankind. Aviation, rocketry and Space science would not have been possible without it.
Descartes is my spirit animal
This channel is awesome. And God dame it your French is perfect.
5:08 "Gangs of Scientists" killed me.
@Illuminatus Messiah what the hell is wrong with you?
Excellent video.
Thank you very much for your work
Though successful and brilliant, Rene still considered himself a failure for being unable to master the open G7 chord without the fourth string buzzing. In his declining years he was often heard muttering to himself as he plucked his homemade zither, "Ah, Hercule, G7, G7 . . .", but since they were playing Texas No-Limit Bingo at the time, that might account for it. As Rene also coined, "Deep are the waters of the Nile---merde! it's time for Gomer Pyle." Don't get between Descartes and his hulu unless you want a hubbub, bub.
With NO mention of geometry, the scientific revolution and death of Aristotelian physics, and his “proving” of Gods existence we are only left with a video that turns Descartes major works away from epistemology and into existential psychology. This video leaves out the most important parts of Descartes influence.
7:15 Did anyone catch the video correlating being status-driven to having children? Very true & accurate description!
Merci ! Ça va m'être utile pour le bac !
I love the nod to Monty Python at 1:26 😂
I don’t know anything about Rene but all I know is that I’m looking for a better understanding of life.
Didn’t mention his dream where an Angel tells him nature could be understood by numbers and measurement.
You ever notice today people Elon Musk talking about simulation theory? I find Descartes "I think therefor I am" kinda solves one place if we are living in a simulation.
hello school of life,
can you do a video on parenting styles in different cultures?
thank you!!
I love this channel great video, we had the "information society" now through this channel we will hopefully have the "knowledge society".
Great video. But I'm disappointed that you didn't mention the Cartesian coordinates system at all. It's only one of most revolutionary inventions in mathematics, linking algebra and geometry.
Descartes: I think therefore I am
Also Descartes: they're after me I need to move again
A big fan of the course and love the philosophical perspective, but is it possible to make videos on John Locke/Thomas Hobbes/Social Contract, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Aquinas and virtue, and Jeremy Bentham/John Stuart Mill and Utilitarianism? Just a few thoughts. Thank you for all the videos!!
Skipping his concept of the Ontological argument seems odd to me.
I like your videos. Would love to see one on Marcus Aurelius and Thomas Aquinas.
How about René Descartes' concept of dualism?
+The School of Life ; can you please bring out a video about David Hume???? I beg you
He was a good Catholic philosopher.
How can you argue Descartes was an atheist when all of his works praise God or acknowledge God as the supreme truth?
Adrian Hernandez that moment when Descartes’ III Meditation is titled “Of God: that He exists”
AMAZING CHANNEL
I watched a 10 minute philosophy video, im now an expert
The queen hired Descartes to tutor her in passion!
There is an entire chapter in one of his books talking about God and how he makes sense
Descartes would have got millions of views on youtube with his 'OMG I SPENT 24 HOURS INSIDE A STOVE' video.
Descartes posed the "I" and then a written language to define it: [I] think therefore I am. Parmenides posed the spoken "One" and everything after it was not-One, therefore did not exist. I wonder if Descartes only wrote it, it will be an interesting discourse. That written language was modern philosophy (like Derrida). And Parmenides' because it's only speech was ancient philosophy.
I really like your videos, very clear and understandable !
Just one thing, at 03:16, you show a picture of Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica by Newton, instead of Principles of Philosophy by Descartes! :D
I was also hoping you would touch on subject of mathematics, but still awesome video!
How I wish philosophy would have been taught in school!!!!!!!!
at 1:25 lol I really like the Monty Python foot stomp reference, and I'm 22 .And the history video is good too.
self reflection in horse stance
I had no one to guide me. I read many books and each became my teacher. i spoke to many people and each became my teacher.
3 reality exists and my connection lies in the 5 senses.
2. duality is one of many functions of mind
1. I am body. mind is illusion.
0. that is all you need to know. what you do how you train and where you go is up to you.
i heard about a cup once. it was a normal cup. i was told that the emptiness of the cup was the utility of the cup. so i meditated in stillness. one day i reached enlightenment and desires attachments no longer troubled me. on that day i swore to never meditate in silence again. as i walked the way everyone on my path became my teacher. i did not know it then but nirvana was fast approaching. when the cup is empty it will find itself full. that is what i was never told. truly to let go is to become whole. it is like learning to love life all over again. at first i did not know how to teach it. so i walked on many years later i have returned. the cup was filled with the wrong teachings. it needed to be emptied and meditation is good at emptying cups. when the cup is empty go out and fill it. Nirvana is just another name for a person that has let go of what should define love and instead harnesses love to learn from life. there is a difference between knowing about love and being in love. this is what i have learned.
If suffering is to be defined as how one reacts to internal and external phenomena then meditation is the way leading to the cessation of said suffering. There are many different methods that have been elucidated when it comes to this practice.
I am not concerned with meditative forms which do not involve some kind of physical as well as mental distraction in its practice. Before engaging in meditative yoga one should exercise in order to prepare the body for the rigorous demands of meditative yoga. The eyes are not to be closed and the senses are to be engaged while in meditative yoga. The individual must at all times pay attention to the internal dialogue and can direct or not at leisure. Keep in mind that the goal is to stop thinking but do not force it. While all forms of meditation will eventually lead the practitioner to what is referred to as enlightenment it is my opinion that relaxed forms of meditation will take longer to put into practice and thus will delay enlightenment.
I have heard of many different ways to describe what occurs during meditation but in my experience it is secondary to the experience itself and thus superfluous. I have heard it said that a guide is needed in order to help one progress through these different ways of experiencing meditation unfortunately the guide too is superfluous and thus not necessary. Every individual is at a different stage in his or her life and since meditation is mostly a subjective experience it is my opinion that while the overall direction and the effects of meditation may be similar from individual to individual no two distinct individual will experience the same sensations in the same sequence. How one goes about reaching enlightenment will differ from person to person but the state itself will not. The amount of time it will take to reach enlightenment will depend on how vigorously the individual in question engages in practice and how long it takes for them to figure out how to engage in the practice of meditation without having to rely on a yoga. Since the purpose is to silence the internal dialogue then in the attempt to silence the mind it becomes obvious that the external experience is to be given absolute attention and focus. Technically after a while of practice you will not have to be in yoga to meditate. Yoga is used to first relax the mind and then once the mind is relaxed the body naturally relaxes on its own. Relaxation of the body is the purpose of yoga.
Some people assume the mind disappears and they will lose themselves. Not possible, detachment does not negate, it just does not react much either. How you think can be a matter of determination it does not always have to be a reflex. That reflex thats the self that thinks. Hence why it is reactionary in nature. The mind is technically a tool for manipulation but most people do not seperate it from the self and thus chaos ensues. Without that reaction the body will not find much stress and the self past reactionary thought is realized.
When it comes to the experience there is the object and the subject. It is easier to think of the subject as mind or my mind. The object is that which gives substance to the subject and this is very important. regardless of the leaps or hurdles one attempts to overcome the brain definitively creates the mind and thus the mind is a creation of the brain. I should be at peace with my environment if for no other reason then it is counter intuitive to battle with my own mind. The events themselves are actually seperated from the perception of the events and thus I literally do make up my world. Sometimes that which is subtle is deep indeed. When conflict arises it is best to be detached to be both patient and ruthless.
Emotions can be controlled but more importantly emotions can be tied to experiences. I am angry when someone takes something I hold dear but If I hold nothing dear I will not get angry if someone steals from me i will only react insofar as i invest in the concept of theft. Here desire and attachment lends itself to emotional abuse. I have personal history my personal history is a part of my past so it is encumbent upon me to be fluid in the now and not be tied down by my personal history. the same with nationality or cultural heritage. That was then this is now. I am no longer shackled by the supposed "self". Only then can I finally relax my body awake and in control I am finally alive. Reflex is merely me being relaxed enough to move around a room or fight as if i have done it thousands of times before. i think the position and i literally am there. this is martial arts. so i think begin motion and flow. but no mind is the only way to do that. you can use it to flow any kind of information. i learned it originally to supplement my wing chung training. little did i know i took the fast route. i never knew of desire and my only attachment was love. when i meditated it took less then a year.
i was 18. last 15 been trying to figure out what the fuck is desire and attachment. now i know.
Funny thing about Descartes. Despite being a free thinker he was a very devout catholic, and made many arguments supporting theology.
(1) Blessed is He in whose hand is dominion, and He is over all things competent ]
(2) [He] who created death and life to test you [as to] which of you is best in deed - and He is the Exalted in Might, the Forgiving
(3) [And] who created seven heavens in layers.[1712] You do not see in the creation of the Most Merciful any inconsistency. So return [your] vision [to the sky]; do you see any breaks?
[1712]- i.e., one covering or fitting over the other.
(4) Then return [your] vision twice again.[1713] [Your] vision will return to you humbled while it is fatigued.
[1713]- i.e., repeatedly.
(5) And We have certainly beautified the nearest heaven with lamps [i.e., stars] and have made [from] them what is thrown at the devils[1714] and have prepared for them the punishment of the Blaze.
[1714]- Thereby driving them from the heavens and preventing them from eavesdropping. See 72:8-9.
(6) And for those who disbelieved in their Lord is the punishment of Hell, and wretched is the destination.
(7) When they are thrown into it, they hear from it a [dreadful] inhaling while it boils up.
(8) It almost bursts with rage. Every time a company is thrown into it, its keepers ask them, "Did there not come to you a warner?"
(9) They will say, "Yes, a warner had come to us, but we denied and said, 'Allāh has not sent down anything. You are not but in great error.'"
(10) And they will say, "If only we had been listening or reasoning, we would not be among the companions of the Blaze."
Ive seen him in a video about Tomas de Aquino in school Last night
Much better than the info. in French on Descartes.
Expecting a video about Immanuel Kant :-) Thanks
Give
Her
+JP Sheehan The
D
One comment: a dream is an existence beyond reality itself (same as: I think therefore I am). If: you really existed; you'd not be able to think.
This guy made great maths
this guy helped me understand minecraft on a whole new level.
a henry thoreau video next please! something of this reminded me of him..
Here it is: th-cam.com/video/JJL9S0J8-4k/w-d-xo.html
thanks!! love you guys' videos by the way!
And God is the one who gives you the thoughts!
omg i luv to learn
3:17 picture of Newton's Principia, not Descartes'...
I'm late to the philosophy party and just now learning all kinds of interesting stuff from these nice videos.
Regarding Cogito Ergo Sum, don't fictional characters also sometimes have existential thought processes? They 'think' but are not 'real' so how can we be sure that we ourselves are extant?
Fictonal characters don't think, dumbass.
dujl yeah but they think that they do, that's the point. how do you know you're not a fictional character
No, they don't think that they think. They don't think at all. You are confusing what seems to be for what is. Just because it reads as if they are thinking, doesn't mean they do. You're fooled by simple illusion.
The most self-evident thing the world is the reality of your own thoughts.
dujl Yes. Once again, of course the characters do not think. But to that character, the reality of their own thoughts is as self evident as ours are to us.
You're not explaining how we can prove that ours are any more legitimate; you yourself may be experiencing the illusion of thought just as they are.
No, you're actually just braindead if you don't comprehend this simple concept.
Because they do not think, the "reality" of their own thoughts is nothing, it's a nonreality. It's an illusion played on people who think, making us think that the fictional characters have sentience and agency when they do not. Just like I can make a shadow against a wall with my hands, making it look like a dog or a bird, when there really is no bird or dog behind it. The fact of the matter is that you can only be sure of your own thoughts. Being is validated by direct experience. As far as I'm concerned, you could be just a figment of my imagination. I would actually prefer that, because I would like to think no such stupid people actually exist, that I am merely playing a sick joke on myself.
If someone farts in an elevator and the other people are grossed out an offended, would it do if the person who broke it blames it on Madonna? After all, who are you to say she's not here in the elevator, if she's able to break wind?
This is just a reductio absurdum of the logic you're employing to suggest that a simulacra is the same as the real thing.
You should actually read and try to comprehend what radical doubt is about before asking absurd and asinine questions, and thus ending up making a complete and utter fool of yourself.
I Love that accent!! And really good video
I have been wondering if thinking can be considered as a hobby. I have my answer now :)
Suppose that it ~is~ all a dream. What difference would it make being that those of us in this dream can not escape it. Yes, we can engage in idle speculations but, then, that's all part of the dream. If we could break free, what might we discover that we actually are? Probability waves? I'll stick with the delusion, thank you very much.
The first true modern philosopher
awesome channel,,,
If we argued artfully, the nature of reality with our creditors,we would never be in debt. We could go beyond the relevance of money - to question whether it existed at all...
Perhaps Descartes' difficulties with the Secret Service were provoked by some of his forays into sophistry?
I can't find the maxim: I think therefore I am, in his works though. The closest I found was "I think, thus -- I exist." Kind of a silly thing, I know, but I really want to find the actual maxim he's so famous for, and I haven't been able to
Rene descertes had the mind of a philospher and that is a very rare thing but he was a child in the game of philosphy and used his mind for thinking foolish thoughts
can you please do one on Wilhelm wundt? thanks! and love your videos
We are a metaphor for thought....
It's not "I think therefore I am" it's "I think, I am" the miss translation is pushed around heavily and should be corrected
It seems like he favors rational thought over perception, and that is troublesome when searching for evidence for proof, but it's useful for the purposes of inductive logic.
Good video ..🖒👌
I like the videos, more precisely about philosophy, however I miss some female actors, such as Hypatie. Can we bring more female figures please? Thank you
I will get a 100 tomorrow ( August 17th) on the TOEFL
Would you also do modern philosophers like Daniel Denett and Chalmers?
I eat, therefore, I am.
You should always strive to modulate the savegeness
Random Me I eat, therefore, I live.
so what the distinction between you with an animal then.
@RE ID nothing important, animal
RE ID dont forget, we are animals. Just particularly smarter ones who can analyse our perceptions a little bit better.
Not even one mention of him as a mathematician.. =(
AnonymousRandomMan Yeah I was definitely surprised
maths sucks get outta here
Sad Boi Tim Surely, but you need to mention his achievements in this field
@@thomascatty379 i think i remember something about the descartian equation ?
this is the "PHILOSOPHY" of Descartes.
I fkn love this channel & everyone who reads this comment!! Those who listen to this content can, & will, do great things in the future world! My hat comes off to all of you who take the time to learn, as, when you think about it, time is all we really have at our disposal ! Our only precious resource! I'm taking some of my time to write this comment, to commend such a great channel and to extend my written voice to the many future thinkers, philosophers, poets, scientists, sociologists, that have all gathered here, on this video, in but a fleeting moment in time , as fate & chance will have it !
But time does not exist...
See what I did there? Ey?
+SuperiorSeven
That was f**kin' beautiful, man!
+jaidsalgado bundle theroy aswell we can only be sure that the properties of items exsist.
+SuperiorSeven Awww you just motivated me and made my day :,)
Thank you for this comment, it really made my day:)
When it's 3am and you're awake, reflecting on your own existence
"I think, there I don't sleep"