Universe Sandbox 2 - Creating Moon from Earth and Theia Collision
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ต.ค. 2024
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Hello and welcome to What Da Math!
In this video, we will attempt to make the Moon by colliding Earth with Theia. This is one of the hypothesis for how Moon was created called Giant Impact Hypothesis.
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The chances that our Moon exists the way it does is relatively small. It's very amazing that it happened here and that we can witness its tidally locked orbit.
I thought the rotation of the Moon is synchronized with its orbital period so we only see one face.
@@twistedyogert yes that’s what being tidally locked is
You forgot to put everything as it was. In order to get these results, you need the Sun's gravity influence as well that of the other planets
*no*
Insideron 3 years late lol
@@retak4110 yeah, I know. so what?
truth
@@retak4110 necroposting time!
i have much more fun watching your video than playing the game myself
Yep
Me too
Ya
+Almenhorst same
LEE MAT THEW
Same
Try creating the solar system out of a nebula
it's not currently possible in the game unfortunately
+Anton Petrov (WhatDaMath) oh ok...
Thanks for replying
+Anton Petrov (WhatDaMath) Since a nebula is a cloud of gas, you could make a solar system out of a super nova.
+KILLER115X935 cool ill try that
sorry what? do you think you can?! no
What if Crazy Russian Hacker played this? He will say"Look I will make earth theia collide then "*BOOM*" look it collided
Nucleair Wapon.
The title of the video would be "5 Life Hacks to destroy the earth"
Atomic Squid Of Doom ur racist and insignificant
Sorry if I came off as rude. I was just making a joke.
what is this I'm 7 and I don't understand
I've watched this video many times, but never made it to the end, congrats on proving the theory right! It just shows how rare the formation was, the collision is not that rare, but The Moon is quite rare!
I remember when you still had 300 subscribers. I subscribes when you had about 250. Keep up the good work.
subscribed*
3.6k suds 7/21
I did this on my channel and somehow got it first time! I was quite lucky.
Yo man! Haha u probably dont remmember this
Then guess how lucky earth got.
kool
Changing the gravity to earths general gravity (9.807 m/s²) May change the results
9.8 m/s
chageing gravity whould hur us
Devin Lizard Quite the comedian, you are.
The original mass' gravity, would likely have been higher than Earth's current general gravity, with the fragments filling the orbit and later piling in the Lagrange points... we can look to the general density of those debris fields to surmise the density of the ejecta, in order to get the best guess for the original planetary bodies masses(if we look to the earth and lunar masses as the originating bodies)... sure, there will be a large margin of error, but it would be a lot closer than just throwing out a relative gravity based upon the current mass and orbit of earth. also remember, gravity density is pretty fluid, and in flux, and planetary accretion would be affected by Sol, the field density prior to the orbiting body having cleared it out(part of the qualification for planetary bodies) and Sol's state at "the time", our proximity to and the effect of to the intergalactic medium... our interaction with dark matter/etc...
xD Yeah, surely this simulator is insufficient. lol
This would might work better if Universe Sandbox had 100% accuracy on the calculations .... but that would be severely heavy for the cpu's
You would need a super computa
@@newsomaliandemocratofbrazi3214 actually a quantum one! ours are still binary
It is just mindblowing how lucky humanity or life in general is to exist. We are just a composition of coincidences...
Dhjun Allah made us
@@uriah9645 This is a place where we discuss about science.. Please don't impose your religious opinions and beliefs on us 🙂
Ikr, plus life here has survived various mass extinction events still it somehow still stayed!!
I think the reason why your experiment tends to fail over time is because the simulation isn't complete, or rather the information input isn't complete. For example, the collision should have happened when the two large bodies had already been rotating around their axis. Besides, looking at the simulation created by the software, it looks not really detailed and realistic, which could be a major problem when attempting to simulate a real life event.
Ginanjar Putu Wijaya
Idk, universe sandbox 2 is quite accurate
redstone craft guy Idk, but the real universe has so much more variables.
space doesn't really have many variables
vahsir artapaham Yes it does, and I referred to "universe", not just space.
So, I have a story on how the moon was formed. A long time ago a beautiful woman named Earth was looking for a hansom man ( Another planet) to settle down with. A man named Bob ( the space thing that crashed into Earth) married Earth. Earth and Bob had a baby but Bob divorced her, 9 space months later (idk) The moon was born, that's why the Earth is called mother Earth, the end
@15:11 - "Splish-splash" double impact looked much like the Sandia National Labs rendering. The issue is computing power.
The crater of Theia is not there. Earth was one ball of molten material after the impact, it wasn't solid enough to "preserve" the impact.
Exactly.
The impact hypothesis proposed by George Darwin was reviewed in the early 1970s by William Hartmann based on chemical analysis of rocks brought back to Earth by the Apollo missions.
The similarity of these to rocks from the Earth's crust (particularly the low iron content) was concluded to show that an object of about one-third the mass of the proto-Earth collided at an acute angle, melting the crust and ejecting enough into orbit for it to form first a ring and then by agglomeration a new body.
+Anton Petrov; First, let me say I applaud anyone who - like you - wants to share knowledge with others. It's so very, VERY important.
My question for your is - the moon's 'scary'-looking to you (0:27)?!?!
Since humans earliest times, they've gazed in wonder, and awe at his beautiful, silent jewel which hangs there in our sky.
Sometimes, I try to imagine (blocking out everything - technology, countries, people, life itself, and just gaze up to behold it, and wonder what it must've been like when there were less people in 100km than the now are in an apparent complex.
It's majestic, and in a way it's - to me, at least, a first step trying to comprehend how tiny this habitat of our is, and all the myriad of insignificant issues one can find on this planet, as the inky darkness.
Thanks, Anton.
🌕🌖🌗🌘🌕🌖🌓🌒🌔
while we are still on the topic of space and stuff, what do you think of the idea of making a video about the hertzsprung-Russell Diagram?
Thanks for making a video from my suggestion.
How do you get the land green when you terraform planets?
it's a visual illusion due to atmosphere
Oh thx
+Anton Petrov (WhatDaMath) its possible to create a jungle planet in this game?
+granluiznerf no lol
+Jakob Linder well...
That is an amazing idea Anton! Keep vids up man
Just imagine the very first space mining session takes place on Fragments of the Thea and Earth collision and we don't even realize until we actually start mining it...
8:13 the 2 fragments are orbiting each other : they are pulling each other in, forming an "orbit" around each other before colliding with earth
There are so many cosmic coincidences pilled up in order to us exist that it makes it very hard to believe we came to existence just by chance.
What ended up happening in the end is super cool, bc in one specific theory on the collision, theia hit earth, but scraped along it, flying back up, but then hit a t again for the final time, just like what happened at the end there
I heard that the moon was created when the collision formed a ring that had a high temperature and then eventually formed the moon... they also said the early moon was closer to the earth and somehow got to a higher altitude.
ik i'm 6 years late but... they made a simulation and the moon formed practically as soon as it could start orbiting rather than a ring
Great video, mate.
Well, here is my suggestion. We can see that moon1 pushes moon2 into higher orbit each time they move close to each other. Is it possible for you to reveal math behind these orbital mechanics? You could try to create some solar system and show how orbits of planets evolve. Which is exactly what happened with our system, right? Those gas planets were closer to the sun at the beginning and then they went far away from the sun just like Moon went far away from Earth.
"That wasn't the best collision in the WORLD." * badum CRASH *
The Moon ISNT THE EARTHS NATURAL SATTELITE For the truth read the ancient Greek texts (ploutarch, Περι του προσωπου της σεληνης, about the moon )
US2 doesn't have good enough collision model cause all bodies in it are solid while Earth should be considered as a drop of fluid (with a thin crust) in the case. And the majority of big space objects should be as well. Maybe in US3 we will see the awesomeness of Roche limit effects.
Plz do a huge moon system that involves a huge star with a smaller star orbiting it, and a smaller star orbiting that, and goes on until it's an asteroid orbiting a moon. That would be awesome! :D
i saw a moon be made good job do it again
This is a great video.
I want to add something.
When the moon formed, the solar system was young and a mess.
You try to smash a single body onto earth over and over being unable to reproduce the orbit of a stable moon.
I want to suggest that back then there were a lot of rougue bodies influencing the gravitational environment around Earth, some with very close orbits that ended on Earth herself, some with much more loose orbits that probabily ended onto the Sun or Jupiter, or in the Lagrange areas inbetween.
Just a suggestion.
Maybe Theia Was Smaller And Was CLOSE To Earth At Some Point, So Close That It Loses Orbit Around The Sun And Gains Orbit Around Earth, Making An Elliptical Orbit That Would Stabilize Over Millions Of Years To Later Become Our Moon?
21:26 That moon has a scary face!
ok the two things you're forgetting is that the earth was freshly formed, aka it was still a runaway nuclear furnace as it probably contained a lot more radioactive materials that didn't react then it does today and being almost new, the sun probably burned a bit hotter...coupled with the fact that a large amount of junk was in orbit around our sun...
a' Planet hitting the earth in these state can have a devastating effects, especially if that planet was returning from a really elliptical orbit, aka it was much colder than earth and thus much harder than earth, these through a lot of material into an orbit around earth or into earth's orbit. Gravity eventually compacted and formed a small moon, these could have a cool effect on the molten proto-earth where the moon pulled on the molten surface, creating waves like it does today with water.
Eventually, all the fragment that got left in earth's orbit hit earth or the moon letting it grow bigger the older it got, maybe even pulling in some planet like asteroids from space and slowly eating anything that got into a orbit around earth, maybe getting hit by some other planets that were competing for earth's orbit...
fast forward a bit and the earth has started to cool down, maybe getting a hydrogen based atmosfeer (These atmosfeer was probably not very thick) and carbon dioxide and other gasses and minerals arrive via some heavy bandbartment earlier in the planet's life span...
Fast Forward again and the hydrogen probably mixed with the carbon dioxide to form carbon and water, which formed the first oseaan that sported a beautiful metallic colour as it had a lot of metals and minerals dissolved in it, the earth was cooler, but the water was still boiling hot as volcanic activity may have been of the charts, not to mention that the surface may still have been a bit radioactive with a additional heat blast from the sun as the mixture of atmospheric gasses were totally different than today...
The first forms of live may have been extremely basic, bacteria, viruses etc.
Then came the ancestor to almost every form of oxygen creating plant in existence (on earth at least)
These organisms turned CO2 (which was probably one of the most absorbed gasses in the early oseaan) to O2(Didn't probably form in these early oseaan jet) with the help of solar radiation (Since the atmosfeer had no oxygen, a lot more sunlight hit the surface)...
Oxygen is a highly reactive gas that bonded with allot of the early metals in the ocean, basically rust became a thing, these combinations didn't probably mix with water (in theory anyway) and sank to the ground, thus starting one of the first mass extinction event (Big for the time as I don't think a lot of organisms existed in these time aria) as oxygen was a deadly gas to them and here is where I think the trait of dna to be different from generation to generation got amplified as the organisms without these trait couldn't adapt fast enough...
fast forward again, plants start to form on land as plant like bacteria was flung onto land and being that DNA was not stable across every species on earth atm in time(jet again I assume these, it's not fact), some bacteria survive the barren wasteland that was random patches of rock above the water, see levels were much higher than today and temperatures where off the charts as the earth had a slight runaway greenhouse problem as CO2-like gasses filled the atmosphere where oxygen is today, basic plants started to evolve, they were evergreen and spread by duplicating themselves or mixing their dna with another nearby tree...
Tides were insane, tsunamis that were as high as medium sized skyscrapers beat the shoreline as the moon dominated the sky and over a very long time plant-like organisms turned the CO2-based atmosfeer to a more stable and save oxygen based atmosphere, creating the ozone layer and eventually we came along...
very interesting video, love ur content!
I love you're videos and universe sandbox
You should try to replicate the conditions more completely. Have you tried orbiting a proto earth around a proto sun and then allowing a theia object to orbit as in the relatively the same plane so that they crash together and see what happens then? i think that senario would yield better results.
I suggest the Moon was birthed from the Earth and the birth was initiated by a heated core increase in gas pressure which blew out on the on the equator which actually altered the subsequent tilt of the Earth.
Per the Electrical Universe such an contact impact proposed to create the Moon could not occur.
boi just said little satelite. THAT THING IS ABSOLUTELY HUGE FOR A MOON
I would love to see a simulation of Haumea colliding with Mars. As Haumea is expected to destabilize in the future becoming a comet.
in the sandbox, when you try throwing another planet at earth, it explode into tiny bits which would not help forming the moon, it need to stil have a large fragment
23:50 This is fucking beautiful
Perhaps two of the inner planets, Earth and perhaps Mars, were larger at one point in the early years and with less stable orbits around the sun and collided, with fragments breaking off of both as well as both orbits changing and becoming more stable, and the planets kinda changing while they were still heated from the collision to how they are now, most of the fragments remaining around Earth because of how Earth's gravity is, and pulling themselves together around one that had more gravity to it than the rest of the fragments to become our moon, while a few went off to become/form Mars's moons.
Could you recreate an Ice moon hitting Earth? This is my hypothesis and it answers a lot of questions. How Earth cooled, why the collision didn’t completely destroy both bodies, and how life was brought to earth as well as water.
Scientists just found out our water originated in the outer solar system
What if they found out Neptune or Uranus sniped earth and actually did form moons
Also need to calculate in, how fast the earth was spinning at the time of impact. This will affect the debris wrapping around the earth, setting up the orbit
15:39 look at the name of the planet...
LOL
add a a star..might hold the escaping fragments in proximity to the planet, helping the planet's gravitational pull in holding them in place.
This gave an idea. What if the proto-earth already had a smaller proto-moon before the collision. Couldn't the moon have picked up a portion of the ejected material?
Maybe its a combination of George Darwin's hypothesis and the Theia Collision hypothesis. Specifically, maybe Theia caused the separation of mass from the proto-earth, and didn't actually collide, meaning it was much smaller.
You know what would be funny?
If something collided with Venus and a fragment of that went far away and now its our moon.
And that this collision burned all the carbon on Venus so it created that heavy atmosphere and the strong greenhouse effect.
Sorry for my bad English but I hope you'll understand what I mean. ')
Note about the "Moon event" at 17:53 - Thea did a double-tap collision. Maybe second impact at much lower speed "squirted" out the main mass of the future Moon? Just a thought.
+Armuotas If you look close, the Theia remain crashed, and bounced a third time as the smaller moon, although it ejected most of its mass by then.
You said that Mars' moons could be leftovers of the collision that created our moon but didn't Mars experience a similar catastrophic impact too? I could be wrong but I think there are some theories about that and it seems very plausible when you look at Mars' features, especially the vast area (potential crater) where a layer of the crust seem to be missing.
he might have accidentally implied it it, but it wasn't mars that hit earth, but a mars sized object. however, if you are suggesting that Phobos and Deimos are collision fragments that mars captured, that would make for an interesting theory.
If I am not mistaken, this simulation does not consider gas drag. Hence, fragments and material ejected during the collision may be moving much slower in reality and resulting in a higher capture rate.
I'm A Bit Confused Can You Help???
+ACE-D-EVIL
This simulation is considering only a N-body problem, which there is no gas (completely empty space). The difference between considering gas and no gas is somewhat like considering throwing a ball upwards on land and under water. In the later case, the ball would move much slowing.
+yeungmathew Thats Not The Case..
Actually I've Heard That They Really Landed On Moon But I'm Not So Sure About It..
I Think They Don't Have Any Legit Proof Of It..
I Mean The Videos And The Pictures Could Be Edited..
+ACE-D-EVIL 😭😂
+Beartrap Trapin Do You Have Any Prove?
Let's see, first of all perhaps not aim at Earth but aim slightly outside?
After all gravity will pull the second planet towards Earth anyway.
Second, when you start with the planet in your lower left corner aim at the lower left part of Earth perhaps?
25:50 "the temperature on Earth will slowly drop dramatically" Let that sink in... "SLOWLY drop DRAMATICALLY" now, i'm no drama nut, but i don't think those two word can be used together like that...
It could be that the game's physics just aren't accurate enough. It keeps showing the planet breaking up into smaller fragments. While this no doubt happened, most models show the collision liquifying the mass, such that the remnants of Theia spew out from Earth in a long, tail-like trajectory. It takes centuries for this tail to coalesce into the moon.
This game doesn't portray that. You are trying to capture a fragment of the original collision rather than create a liquified ring of mass that eventually collects together into a moon.
And there is evidence for an early second moon. The South Pole Aitken Basin fits exactly the description of a smaller fragment that collided with the moon shortly after its formation.
*When you try to simulate the moon creation without the gravity influence of the sun and without the objects even rotating in the first place*
Because it is not possible to give the most accuracy because of game limitations
Between Mars and Jupiter is the asteroid belt. Please combine all that space rocks in a planet and what will happen. I would really appreciate that. Base on a myth, earth was call Tiamat and crashes with Nibiru.
So Tiamat became earth, Nibiru become the Planet X. And a portion of Tiamat became our Moon.
But it between Mars and Jupiter was another planet destroy by Niburu.
I wonder what would happened, when asteroid belts object are combine once again.
How do you not have more subscribers? Your so awesome!!
I think the simulations confirm the impact hypothesis to be very unlikely.
Universe Sandbox 2 can not simulate body deformation. So if Proto Earth and the Mars sized objects collided, their material intertwined and for some time it had to look like some kind of spinning elongated body after which gravity did its part and the one elongated disjointed body of particles coalesced into 2 separate bodies, one larger than the other.
If you make 2 bodies collide in Universe Sandbox 2, the game just destroys one body and usually adds some of it's mass to the other body while sending the unaccounted mass away as fragments. The fragments flying off is almost realistic but the way the 2 bodies are joined is not.
you forgot the effects of the stellar gravitational influence and weather or not the proto earth surface was molten. if the planet surface was molten then the impact energy would be more stable, so much so that it could have maintained some velocity to establish orbit.
you're the best around nothing is gonna ever keep you down :)
+Canal nem tão legal I follow you since 1000 subscribers
Nice :p
Moon Default Name: Amannon
Funny name
This game would be great with hopes and dreams as the background music
I think a way to calculate how the earth got its moon through meteor is through velocity tilt orbit mineral and impact of the earth right now and then say the nebiru hypothesis is correct it launched the meteor so if we actually see it it can answer it
Moon:i am the most smallest thing in universe
Asteroid:Am i joke to you?
Neutrino: 😶
Beautiful program. Is it possible to let the moon collide with earth on a specific location, at a slow speed?
Theres a place on earth, named Galathea depth - 3th deepest place on earth. I suspect this to be the spot where Gala collided with Theia. I have overlayed-matched the two together.
Our lives on Earth is randomly made by nature, until the thinking of human made Earth special. Hope that life could be found on other planets.
I guess you miss one important thing... if yo are creating from SCRATCH in Universandbox2 you dont have the SUN gravitational force for the fragments to keep orbiting near the colliding planet (Proto Earth)....
So your bigger fragments just fly away... the Grav of the Sun would put them near your Proto Earth Orbit... ALSO... the materials of the THEIA planet are very important (iron will stay in the crashed planet but SILICE may stay in orbit because is lighter... so you better change the components of THEIA 100% Silicon
"Welcome to the moon everyone!" A quote I thought I'd never hear until now.
Man, this makes me wish we had 2 moons. We wouldn't be so damn lonely, lol.
The collision doesn't look "goopy" enough to me. Earth should be molten except for the outer crust, and I think that molten-ness is necessary to get the moon to form from the collision. The earth+thea collision should have been a "splash" more so than a "pulverize". I think the simulator can't quite do it.
i don't think this is a good enough simulator to do this
Sage Bias Obviously the simulation is limited, but I think he achieved an amazing result.
Idk, universe sandbox 2 is quite accurate
redstone, it's not that accurate. As I recall it, it requires a lot of computing power to calculate the formation of the moon. I think NASA needed super-computers to calculate it.
onlypeaceindeath so what If I run universe sandbox with a more powerful computer?
Does not work like that, this is a SIMULATION GAME not an actual software to show it
If we had a 99% accurate physics sim we could run test after test on quantum computers to find the highest sucsess rate via changing everything from element makeup to fineite density. You'd need a really really indepth simulator that goes as far to calculate even the atomic, chemical properties. It would take millions, maybe even billions of tests.
I don't think it was very unlikely to get the moon the way it is now. The differences between the simulation and low computing power and the real event are most likely too big. The moon wouldn't have to form from a few bigger fragments, but mostly from a huge amount of small fragments. You can't really put those numbers and all their orbits into a calculation.
I think the problem is the physics engine, in ever collision, one object is completely destroyed, with a glancing blow, both celestial bodies could survive fairly intact minus a big chunk obviously which would form the fragments which collide with both bodies
This is super, thanks very much.
Really loved the video :D
Wouldn't the Sun have a large effect on the collection of the fragments, making them into satellites? For instance, the fragments wouldn't just fly off, they'd still be pulled by the sun
Man it is really weird when one of these older posts of yours pops up on my TH-cam feed I want you to do an experiment I want you to listen to this video and then listen to the last one you posted
Cuz man do you sound a whole lot younger😂
Having 2 visible moons would be extremely awesome!
Now, we have 2 moons but only 1 is visible.
FeelsBadMan
Earth might have had a much larger extended atmosphere (like a small Neptune maybe), which would have softened the collision and circularised the orbits of the debris before they coalesced into the Moon
Awesome man !
Maybe the Earth and Moon formed from the same spinning disk of material, and that would also mean that they could be formed from the same material. That's the Moon formation theory that I believe.
Looking at your videos and this one is making me scream... What if the Earth (now) didn't start in this solar system and it was knocked out of that system and it traveled here
You made Kerbin with its two moons, Mun and Minmus!
Maybe the moon was ejected at higher than escape velocity, took it's own orbit around sun, and was recaptured later?
The velocity issue is miss thought if the planets were on a similar orbit what if proto earth actually caught up with Theia instead of the other way around as when the collision occurred Theia which was travelling at a slower speed so when the masses collided the remaining bits of Theia would gave been attracted towards the largest mass Proto Earth and over time the ones which found a stable orbit would have created a small orbiting body and over billions of years its just grew in mass by the amount of impacts as we can see on the surgace of the moon
This is amazing
Theia and Earth made a baby *lenny face*
I thought the dominant theory was that the Earth and Moon originally formed from the area of the protoplanetary disk. Which is why they are similar in composition, age and are gravitational bound.
Fun theory, I'm sure you know that the earth has received a lot of astroid bombarding in the first billion/100 million years. What if these astroids were actually fragments of Theia...
awesome video man love it :)
You should have done the simulation in our solar system rather than have a planet with no velocity. It would help I think if everything in the general area had a common object to orbit, but here they all spread apart.
I feel that the sun and its gravity had a role to play in the theia-protoE collision and also in the actual moon creation
but I may be wrong, i'm not an astrophysicist
when a planet named aporri in your video one fragment was in a unstable binary system
can you simulate a number of asteroids that have been moved into earth orbit for mining purposes or space station platforms and see how many you can place in orbit before it gets out of control