THANK YOU SOOOOO MUCH ! I’m studying engineering and without you I’d probably leave and sell pizzas. You’re better than my lecturers that just read what they prepared 30 years ago.
The numbers may be off, but what's important is that I understand the concept. More than what I could get out of my professor, he just ran through the slides and told us he didn't want to waste our time.
Thermo Physics is awesome. I'm taking Physics with Vectors and two-to-three Dimensional Velocities and that brought me to peek at what Thermo Physics actually is.
0:17 do atoms really begin to vibrate at a higher frequency? i think it's just the amplitude that gets higher. otherwise all organic substances would show large shifts of their usual absorption bands in IR-Spectroscopy when they get heated... their resonant frequency must stay the same
hmmm i don't think that's quite correct, as i can heat a metal red hot until it emits visible light and that still hasn't got anything to do with vibration frequency. I guess it's more like this: If you imagine a pair of atoms going up and down an asymmetric potential curve ( i know the vibrations are quantized ), once they aquire enough energy they start to emit more energetic electromagetic radiation due to the stronger acceleration of electrons in the atoms. The vibration frequency will stay the same, but the velocity of the atoms must get higher, as they have to travel a longer path on the potential energy curve because = 1/2 m* ... you can also write the average speed of atoms in a material as =omega^2*x^2 ... omega being the angular velocity and x being the deflection. If you look at low energies the potential curve is almost parabolical, so this model is pretty helpful ... the deflection on the other hand is dependent on the spring constant k and the mass m, so omega^2=k/m ...the frequency of vibration can be calculated by f=1/2pi * omega so f=1/2pi * sqrt(k/m)... What will happen eventually is that the elastic modulus of a solid will change upon heating, thus reducing the frequency of vibration not increasing it. How could you logically explain the effect of vibrational frequency otherwise?
also if you look at it from a different perspective: most atoms vibrate at 10^12 - 10^14 Hz. This natural frequency is dependent on their mass and their bond strength. So how could we get Atoms in a solid to produce UV, Röntgen or Gamma radiation (if they wouldn't melt)? By increasing their vibration frequency? No...
I am beginning to see what you are saying. What works at the macro level doesn't work at the quantum mechanic level. I'll have to think about this some more.
sure ;) no hurries.. as long as you answer me back on this some time soon :) yeah but we need to do is find models so we can somehow understand quantum mechanics. the "balls connected by springs" model for solids is not a bad thing to start at, but it doesn't describe thermal expansion as a masses on a spring have a parabolic motion. to me the real quantummechanical anharmonic potential curve is like a spring thant can be stretched easier than it can be compressed, so that's how i could explain it to myself in an easy way
We probably need some more information before we can answer that question. There are different types of expansion joints and typically we caluclate the maximum expansion conditions it must be able to handle.
Yes the expansion and contraction due to temperature variations is fairly constant. However, if you look at it in more detail, the expansion coefficient is not constant and does vary somewhat with temperature.
Hi, your videos are great, very educational. Thanks for uploading them. Could you help me with a maths problem? How do you calculate the expansion of a steel cylinder of 3metres diameter and 6 metres in height? what would its volume increase by if raised from 10 Celsius to 280 Celsius? And if the cylinder were full of heavy fuel oil, how much of the oil would spill over? Hope you can help. Thanks in advance.
Arch, First find the delta V for the cylinder: delta V = Vo * (3 * coefficient of linear expansion) * (delta T) Then find the delta V for the fuel delta V = V0 * (coefficient of volume expansion) * (delta T) Spilled = delta V for fuel - delta V for cylinder.
Michel van Biezen Many thanks for taking the time to answer my question. That makes it much clearer. However, I get the fuel spilled to be 9920 litres. This seems an awful lot of fuel! Have I miscalculated?
The coefficient of volume expansion is 3 times the coefficient of linear expansion. If a fluid in a container has a greater coefficient of volume expansion than that of the container, and the container was filled to the rim, the fluid will spill over if the container and fluid are heated.
I'm an idiot. Can someone explain why there's a +1. For me it just seems like it was added there randomly but I know there must be a reason I'm missing.
@@MichelvanBiezen Thank you for the kind words. I'm trying not to be which is why I'm watching your videos. I think I get it now. Next problem I think is my use of mu calculator. I don't get the answer 26.4*10^-4 m . I get 10*^-6 m. I'm I not typing it in right or was the 10*^-4 m just a rough approximation? I'm doing a mechanical engineering apprenticeship and I love math but it hates me with a passion haha. I'm both trying to fill in the gaps and learn more advanced stuff at the same time.
Are you asking how you can find the CHANGE in temperature? If yes, you would have to be given the change in length and then you work the formula backwards.
THANK YOU SOOOOO MUCH ! I’m studying engineering and without you I’d probably leave and sell pizzas. You’re better than my lecturers that just read what they prepared 30 years ago.
Glad to be of help. Thanks for sharing.
Out of curiosity, how did the rest of your studies go? Are you currently working in an engineering field?
you are a computer i have no words to praise you speehless
These videos are great to *factor* into your study regimen 👍
The numbers may be off, but what's important is that I understand the concept. More than what I could get out of my professor, he just ran through the slides and told us he didn't want to waste our time.
Thermo Physics is awesome. I'm taking Physics with Vectors and two-to-three Dimensional Velocities and that brought me to peek at what Thermo Physics actually is.
That's cool. How'd your Physics with Vectors class end up going?
i just want to say thank you a lot. You really helped me with my physic class. your a wonderful person
0:17 do atoms really begin to vibrate at a higher frequency? i think it's just the amplitude that gets higher. otherwise all organic substances would show large shifts of their usual absorption bands in IR-Spectroscopy when they get heated... their resonant frequency must stay the same
That is the basis of the blackbody radiation curve. Higher temperature means higher vibrational frequency. (solids and gasses act differently)
hmmm i don't think that's quite correct, as i can heat a metal red hot until it emits visible light and that still hasn't got anything to do with vibration frequency. I guess it's more like this: If you imagine a pair of atoms going up and down an asymmetric potential curve ( i know the vibrations are quantized ), once they aquire enough energy they start to emit more energetic electromagetic radiation due to the stronger acceleration of electrons in the atoms. The vibration frequency will stay the same, but the velocity of the atoms must get higher, as they have to travel a longer path on the potential energy curve because = 1/2 m* ... you can also write the average speed of atoms in a material as =omega^2*x^2 ... omega being the angular velocity and x being the deflection. If you look at low energies the potential curve is almost parabolical, so this model is pretty helpful ... the deflection on the other hand is dependent on the spring constant k and the mass m, so omega^2=k/m ...the frequency of vibration can be calculated by f=1/2pi * omega so f=1/2pi * sqrt(k/m)...
What will happen eventually is that the elastic modulus of a solid will change upon heating, thus reducing the frequency of vibration not increasing it.
How could you logically explain the effect of vibrational frequency otherwise?
also if you look at it from a different perspective: most atoms vibrate at 10^12 - 10^14 Hz. This natural frequency is dependent on their mass and their bond strength. So how could we get Atoms in a solid to produce UV, Röntgen or Gamma radiation (if they wouldn't melt)? By increasing their vibration frequency? No...
I am beginning to see what you are saying. What works at the macro level doesn't work at the quantum mechanic level. I'll have to think about this some more.
sure ;) no hurries.. as long as you answer me back on this some time soon :) yeah but we need to do is find models so we can somehow understand quantum mechanics. the "balls connected by springs" model for solids is not a bad thing to start at, but it doesn't describe thermal expansion as a masses on a spring have a parabolic motion. to me the real quantummechanical anharmonic potential curve is like a spring thant can be stretched easier than it can be compressed, so that's how i could explain it to myself in an easy way
Hey sir, im from sri lanka. I watched your videos. Those are very useful for students. Can i sub in our language to those videos?
thank u so much, now in see the light in physics.
We have thousands of videos covering all topics of physics. 🙂
what grade should learn this? (im at 8th grade) 🤔
This is usually presented in grades 9 through 12, depending on what country you live in, but if you are good in mathematics, you can try it.
Hello
What is minimum calculated expansion value that we must have expansion joint?
We probably need some more information before we can answer that question. There are different types of expansion joints and typically we caluclate the maximum expansion conditions it must be able to handle.
Mr. Professor does it shrink equal amount at temperature below zero oC?
Yes the expansion and contraction due to temperature variations is fairly constant. However, if you look at it in more detail, the expansion coefficient is not constant and does vary somewhat with temperature.
Thank You for tip Mr. Professor I will search this datas.
what is effect on 4 feet dia meter MS plate .with inner circle 1 feer . Note Plate is rotating .final temperature 120 degree Celsius
Sorry I didn't understand the question.
Thank you for sharing
Nice. It helped me at work. I would be very curious to know non linear thermal expansion such as circular metal
In this playlist you'll find videos on area and volume expansion as well: PHYSICS 22.5 THERMAL EXPANSION
This do help,I Just wanted a Example That needed Coefisien or The Beginning Of The Lenght ( Lo)
Thanks you are an amazing teacher.
Thank you! 😃
Hi, your videos are great, very educational. Thanks for uploading them. Could you help me with a maths problem? How do you calculate the expansion of a steel cylinder of 3metres diameter and 6 metres in height? what would its volume increase by if raised from 10 Celsius to 280 Celsius? And if the cylinder were full of heavy fuel oil, how much of the oil would spill over? Hope you can help. Thanks in advance.
Arch,
First find the delta V for the cylinder:
delta V = Vo * (3 * coefficient of linear expansion) * (delta T)
Then find the delta V for the fuel
delta V = V0 * (coefficient of volume expansion) * (delta T)
Spilled = delta V for fuel - delta V for cylinder.
Michel van Biezen Many thanks for taking the time to answer my question. That makes it much clearer. However, I get the fuel spilled to be 9920 litres. This seems an awful lot of fuel! Have I miscalculated?
The coefficient of volume expansion is 3 times the coefficient of linear expansion.
If a fluid in a container has a greater coefficient of volume expansion than that of the container, and the container was filled to the rim, the fluid will spill over if the container and fluid are heated.
Why the expansion in one direction
(Why it is just on the right)
It is not just on the right, (but everywhere in the rod). It is just depicted that way to make it easier to calculate and present.
Hi..... How to find the Area of a surface when its being cooled?
We have those examples in the playlist.
I'm an idiot. Can someone explain why there's a +1. For me it just seems like it was added there randomly but I know there must be a reason I'm missing.
We factored out Lo
And you are NOT an idiot.
@@MichelvanBiezen Thank you for the kind words. I'm trying not to be which is why I'm watching your videos. I think I get it now. Next problem I think is my use of mu calculator. I don't get the answer 26.4*10^-4 m . I get 10*^-6 m. I'm I not typing it in right or was the 10*^-4 m just a rough approximation? I'm doing a mechanical engineering apprenticeship and I love math but it hates me with a passion haha. I'm both trying to fill in the gaps and learn more advanced stuff at the same time.
thanks sir
26.4x10^-6 x 100 = 2.64x10^-3 in my calculator?
Both you and the video are correct.
Thank you Sir
Nice
Thank you. Glad you liked it.
How can i find temperatute with this formule
Are you asking how you can find the CHANGE in temperature? If yes, you would have to be given the change in length and then you work the formula backwards.
I think steel is 12*10^-6
You are correct.
Professor please give your consent on best book for thermodynamics
I have not found one yet that I like the best.
@@MichelvanBiezen ok but which one i should prefer to master thermo
I love you
Thank you. 🙂
thanks a lot!!
alluminum is 2.4 *10^-5 not what you have listed
great video tho
+GetDookied 2.4 x 10^-5 = 24 x 10^-6Thanks for checking.
prof's right as always😉
bruh?
Ja ja video Hindi mein hota to ham bhi samajh lete
Sorry, we don't know Hindi.
@@MichelvanBiezenI would rather study in English from you than any language 🎉
i just want to say thank you a lot. You really helped me with my physic class. your a wonderful person