The Past and Future of Life and the Cosmos
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 24 ธ.ค. 2024
- Join Brian Greene and Britain's Astronomer Royal Martin Rees as they discuss challenges and opportunities swirling around cosmology--the big bang, dark matter, dark energy, and black holes--and the future of humanity.
This program is part of the Big Ideas series, supported by the John Templeton Foundation.
Participant:
Martin Rees
Moderator:
Brian Greene
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I love falling asleep - listening to Brian Greene talk about the physics of the universe.
I also use this kind of material to fall asleep to and have for several years now. I might recommend that you try “physics with Witten“ which is Edward Whittens lessons of which there are 22 each about an hour and a half long that he conducts at Princeton. I have listened to all 22 at one time or another and although I can’t understand 95% of what he’s teaching, there’s a pattern and a rhythm and a soothing quality which Aids in my insomnia. Peace. P
It helps me too by taking my mind off all the other problems in life. 😃
I adore Martin Rees. Great open mind, and this lenient smile of a sage which is just always present on his face - quite exceptional.
I couldnt agree more. Seems like one of the most opened minded and kindest of the famous scientists.
As a puny everyday curious primate I am always left feeling smarter after a Brian Greene episode.
I feel dummer...
nooice
I totally agree. I feel much smarter and more well-informed after one of Brian Green's productions. Which include conversations, TV shows, and books.
@@MartinMurphy-xu5pcLol..
Or... feelings and perceptions are the only things that are actually real, because honestly, it's the only thing we really experience. Therefore, facts are actually a form of belief.
Of you can not comprehend or wrap your head around that, you have a long way to go in finding truth.
This stuff snaps me out of my 'Dunning Kruger'ness .
I always love to see Brian Green when he talks on Science, Astrophysics, Cosmology and General Science.
His voice is soothing.
...as he nearly always does...
you can try David butler also, he is phenomenon
@@abhijeetbhagat100nobody beats BG!! He is awesome! I’ve read all his books… In my opinion he is the best. He is an eloquent writer and easy to digest for the average reader. Definitely start reading BG books if you are looking for an intro on the origins of life, matter and consciousness. His books offer clarity and meaning and delve deeper into the science of the Big Bang, the development of the cosmos, gravity, and end of time!! Spectacular!! 👏
The dark matter, a reveal.
The style in which Dr. Greene interviews is amazing. He should do a Masterclass on that. Allowing the interviewee time to explain and postulate while simultaneously adding his own perspective and segueing into new topics makes it so smooth and an easy listening experience.
Thank You Professor Rees. Such a brilliant and eloquent individual. A true giant of science.
What an amazing mind and presence Mr. Rees displays!!!!
Brian is an exceptional interviewer and conversationalist
Mr. Green with Sir Rees, it's been a treat to watch and listen to you both.
What's really awesome about Reese is not just his knowledge but his enthusiasm/energy for science at his age.
Greetings from Germany. I strongly believe, that when Sir Martin Rees was born, the nurses looked at him and said „ this one is going to be someone big, very big“. They were right. THE gentleman scientist of our age. Weiter so, Sir Martin!
This is the greatest discussion I've seen with Greene. And literally the only one where I didn't feel like he was ahead of the conversation at all times. Martin Rees is truly an extraordinary mind. I have a feeling I'll be coming back to it periodically for a long time.
Mr. Green and Mr. Rees this was an incredible show and it was very informative for the non-science degree individual to understand. In the scientific world we are constantly learning and understanding and things will changes as we learn and continue to understand things. I love WSF and thank you for some great streaming this allows an old former US Army soldier who earned a degree in chemistry geek out and think about the universe and the heavens.
It's nice to bring in good old heroes! Thanks! 😊
OK bud
Another great conversation between two accomplished scientists. This channel is so refreshing.
Needed more than ever these days.
I could literally listen to this stuff for days on end. Thank you both for the educational and insightful discussion.
And if you do, you might realize how pointless the answers to these questions can be on many aspects... IF every question asked here was answered, ask yourself "What difference would it make to you, me, or even humanity as a whole right NOW.
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Would any answers to their questions fix humanity? Would it fix the russian conflict? The palestine conflict? Inflation? Hunger? Absolutely NOT.
@@250txc I really shouldn't respond to this because it isn't worth the energy. The answers are interesting to me, and therefore are not pointless. TH-cam isn't a forum for "fixing humanity"--it's simply a place to consume content based on personal interests. World conflicts are important but I don't spend my idle time thinking deeply about them.
@@SoulSolace12 I was just using the waste of human ways, today, as an example to show how little this video actually means to humanity. Much of the discoveries from Einsteins work \ ERA took decade to be useful and that may be the case here. Along with the probable fact that no one on earth today will ever see anything come from this other than a paycheck.
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Since none of the current conflicts effect you directly, turning your back on any and all world issues, even considering my words, do not make these events or make my words, untrue.
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Dream up your own answers or read a comic book... Both will land you n the same place.. You did notice both these guys said the JWST has did little to change Einsteins work. Same as the LHC....
Thank you for your efforts. You make our universe so much better. Much respect
Oh! Wonderful view of the Hudson, Washington Bridge and Grant's Tomb! I love that part of Manhattan!
Martin is THE COOLEST. Please have Him on again! 🙏🏽
My two favorite cosmologists! Thank you! :)
Rees is such a good listener. Just watching his facial expressions as he's listening to Greene talk is a curiously pleasing experience.
I found his Before the Beginning - Our Universe and Others" and read it a long time ago. It's good to see him still at it!
Brian is such a gentleman (and a gentle man). The amount of respect he clearly shows to Martin is touching and lovely to see. One should respect ones elders. Its classy. Disrespect is deeply unattractive.
We are the ones who hold the secrets of the Cosmos. It is our duty to make sure that knowledge is never lost, and that it is preserved for the future of us, and any others out there in the Universe. I am now 68 years old, and in my single lifetime hundreds of basic facts about all the sciences has bloomed. To go from Hubble's discovery to the JWST's amazing discoveries is profound. I do not regret one penny of funding for these ventures. We are better people who can use science to further our world's future.
This is gold. Ty x
Brian, thanks so much for producing these podcasts with such interesting and brilliant people - they really feel like "Candles in the Dark" in these times when so much seems to be going wrong and the future looks increasingly bleak . .
Brilliant conversation!
49:15
"If you're on a plane and don't want someone to talk to you, tell them you're a mathematician..."
You are so right, Professor, you are so right...
Thank you for this informal class!
Thanks a lot what a great talk this was my first time hearing out Mr. R , im a fan now !
Thanks for this 🙏❤
When I hear about interesting things about the universe, it excites me and motivates me to learn more about it. But the voice in the video made me fall asleep without even realizing it
Brian Greene . Beautiful name . I am in love with your love for science and the very natural way
you let us understand difficult things ..Thanks .
Watchers need watching
Thank you Brian Greene, always waiting for new talk. I don't know why the latest live episode is not released yet.
chatGPT: "The mass of the electron is a fundamental constant known as the "electron rest mass." It is one of the most important and well-known parameters in physics, particularly in atomic and quantum physics.
The electron rest mass is approximately:
9.109×10−319.109×10−31 kilograms (kg)
or equivalently,
0.510998950.51099895 mega-electronvolts (MeV/c²) (where "c" is the speed of light, and MeV stands for mega-electronvolts, a common energy unit in particle physics).
This value represents the mass of a stationary electron and is a crucial part of various fundamental equations in physics, including Schrödinger's equation for quantum mechanics and the relativistic energy-mass equivalence principle E=mc2E=mc2."
Thanx a lot to both of you. And Mr. Green you are my favourite person in the entire world.
He really is a gift to humanity, isn't he?
Taught me so much.
Very good intervew!! Thanks!1
Wonderful food for thought, Thank you both so much.
Great open minds discussion
Martin Reese is such a gentleman.
Super discussion; wish they had embraced longevity escape velocity, and the likelihood of enhancing our mental capacity via genetics/engineering/medical tech, and thereby understanding things beyond what evolution has let our brains conceive.
😅
Let there be light. Love science and this but I keep my faith in Gob much closer God bless.
Thank you for these valuable educational videos! They are treasures
Greene and Rees say that the hotter regions in the CMB indicate higher density, but don't explain why. I asked chatgpt. Their answer: In regions of the early universe that were denser, there were more particles (like protons, electrons, and photons) present. This increased density meant that there were more interactions (like scattering) between particles, which led to slightly hotter temperatures. So, the hotter spots in the CMB map correspond to regions where there was a higher concentration of matter.
It's also why the he mentioned it informs the structure of the universe, the higher density areas correlate to cosmic strings, attractors of matter that form largest concentrations of matter we can identify.
Great show guys.
Brian Green you rock!!!
The science fiction content here is so engaging and mind-bending. I love how it explores complex scientific concepts in such an accessible and entertaining way
His comments on intrusive surveillance show how you can be incredibly intelligent in one area and so wrong in another.
@@Alan_Berger He may just be a product of his time, a believer in the good of government, that it doesn't exceed the limits of it's given power unless given extraordinary reason to. Through that lens, it is easy to say that government should have the ability to see and hear all. I imagine he must have read 1984 with a grin and a slight chuckle here and there wondering with amusement how things could ever get to such a state.
Bravo. another masterpiece interview!
OUTSTANDING video as always!!!
As for dark matter I just watched a talk from Neil Turok at Perimeter that suggests dark matter may be right handed neutrinos. His idea also does away with inflation, is consistent with Lambda CDM, and has an interesting idea about the Big Bang singularity. At least seems to anyway.
Grateful!
Wish other scientists were as enthusiastic as Physicists in general 🔥🔥🔥🔥.
Thank you for this fascinating discussion!
number 698 thumbs up and I am genuinely excited to watch this!!
Thank you for making this timely piece. It really helps clarify the confusing messages we've been hearing/reading recently due to the release of new data from the JWT
I wish Martin Rees would update his "Just Six Numbers" which made a great impact on me with regards to fine-tuning when it first came out, 1999 ed
there is light in every part of the sky, even in the dark part
great talk, i just love those
THANK YOU!
What are these patterns of the inner workings that Brian is looking for? 🕸️🌼🔥👀. I do not understand why the Flower/Seed of Life are not understood and studied as dark energy?
"Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety" -Benjamin Franklin
AI is already in the Open Source domain, there is no putting it back in the box, or regulating it
Of we understand what makes Martin and Roger's minds tick at this age, we would solve the puzzle of longevity including dementia etc
Enjoyed the conversation.
True logic manifest. Well done 👍❤️
Very interesting discussion!
Politically, we can even resolve issues within local governments in a state, or within individual countries, and among groups of country today. Can anyone imagine what would happen if we do find other civilizations what would happen? Would it be the beginning of a real star war?I wonder😀
There is a lot of time, funds & effort spent on looking for dark matter particles without any success. Can the reason be that DM is a field rather than particles just like electro magnetism field. The same idea might go for dark energy. We should start calling it Space Energy Field. Regards to Brian Greene & your guest Martin Rees.
If you believe in the Flower and Seed of Life then you believe in multiple universes within dimensions.
Indeed
Realy I like this video so so much like you can imagine
2:12 What?
Sir Martin?
Nice!!
(Idk if it was in the thumbnail...I just tapped...lol)
Nice one 👍
The mass of the electrons? they are scalable within dimensions.
Many thanks both again!
Superb summary for the likes of me :-)
How do you establish connection between Big Bang and CMBR. Having a wrong premise some times one can make correct prediction.
35:07 The answer is 42... but we don't _understand_ the question...
How do we know in which direction in space to look at to determine where the Big Bang had happen?
We see the CMB in all directions, 360° all around us. The bigbang happened everywhere.
So we know how the car vehicle works but no idea where it started it's journey or where it's taking us, or the make of the vehicle, or the identity of the driver.
AI and “social existence, social experience, social consciousness”.
X Mohammad Rahim Jamshidi
We often talk about the ‘early universe’ as if we still aren’t in it. According to most accepted cosmology models the current Universe isn’t even one octillionth of its eventual age or size. The Universe isn’t big but absurdly small. The odds of being at this stage along the continuum is even more absurd.
I get what you're saying but that's not what he's saying... early relative to where we are now, so, no, we're not in the early universe.
Imagine the odds against this conversation. Enjoy the ride :)
Listening to this excellent talk, I get the impression that we are living within a certain bandwidth of modulation on a spatial carrier that modulates waves with spacial frequencies varrying between stationary and the speed of light. At the lower limit, we can probe the inner perceived magic described by quantum mechanics. The shadow that this world casts until our modulated reality, cones in the form of a spread of identical particles, that may have connection with each other at a distance as perceived by us, but local in a reality that is outside of our bandwidth.
So, there is a universe on its own, captured like a hologram in identical particles that differ only with phase (like real holograms).
On the cosmic scales, the shadow of parallel reality presents itself as Big Bang, black holes, spacial accelerating expansion in scale (vaguely referred to as dark energy) and dark matter. I feel we may be able to connect these 3 real parallel universes and figure out what the extra spatial dimension looks like that expands our cosmic reality, mystify our sub-atomic reality as described by our quantum Physics gestimation model.
My question: is there research to probe individual electrons on information carried within about phase in relation to other individual electrons? Similarly, is there study ongoing that searches fir links of how the hidden dimension at larger scales (speed c < parallel reality < c2.
We should look at new worlds that cast their shadow as described by QM ánd that cast there other unique shadow on our reality as described by GR.
The unification of QM and GR goes via parallel universes, beyond our direct horizons. Fields are patterns of these realities.
What was the Maths that proved out in the graph? I'd really like to know what we're the numbers put in to give us the "holy grail"!
Thank you both as always inspiring and easy to follow.
That looks like Grant's Tomb out the window. Anyone know what that building is?
Did i miss the live show again 😢
35:38 Entangle responsibility. The electrodynamic connection formed between the neural network of the human brain and the AI’s fundamentally conscious electrons running through the semiconductor processing units creates a simulated singularity 😎
Could the phrase, "World without End" from the English Book of Prayer allude to the idea that there is no end to the universe?
Hello Sir.. I was thinking that 'since Sun is one of the foci of the planetary orbits, maybe the other foci is occupied by antimatter of Sun'.. Could it be possible?
On the A.I. discussion at roughly 35:00, it seems to me that we already at the point of not understanding how the A.I. models we have work (not completely completely), and we use those incompletely understood A.I. models to develop new, better and even more complex A.I. models. Add to that, what we call "A.I." is not actually intelligence yet. They are just complicated algorithms. Real artificial intelligence is likely coming and it will both help us answer questions we want answered and answer questions it comes up with on its own (and we may not even understand the questions these future intelligences are asking ). We have to be prepared for that. Someday the smartest and best educated of us will still be like chimpanzees staring at a machine that dispenses bananas. We will only know the bananas are good, not how the machine is producing them. The creations of our creations will be engaged in what, to us, will look like magic at that point.
Why would an intelligence that could view us simple chimpanzees happy with the bananas it dispenses to us, continue to dispense those bananas? Presumably, if the chimps are some how required for the future success of the "magic" AI then it ensure that bananas are forever forth-coming, but that seems even more far-fetched than an intelligence that considers humans as chimnpanzees who need bananas regularly. Magic-level AI would have dispensed with feeding humans bananas a long time ago, surely?
When they discuss giving up privacy they implicitly assume that surveillance would be done by a benevolent authority. However, once you build systems that allow surveillance then there is no control on who would exploit that. Then, an adversary can use surveillance to find those who would make a bio weapon and encourage them to make them!
It isn't much different for me than the trust we put in our policing systems. They are done "by consent" and are deeply flawed in practise. The oversight of policing is woefully inadequate and the punishment for failure is,due to corruption of humanity, failing to correct the issues. However, those policing failures are critical for the individuals involved, often fatal, but don't scale up to large populations, thankfully, yet. That's not to be certain that the future of policing cannot be made, on purpose or accidentally, to a scale that endangers the majority or all of the populance.
Who watches the watcher is a long asked question and is, clearly, fundamental to a system as future pervasive as something like AI will almost certainly become. Who, and how to control, manage and protect is vitally important. Government oversight? Well, that doesn't work on so many levels already with systems that are not all encompassing (re:policing as described). Systems that monitor systems? Chicken and egg situation, who manages, control and protects the systems that monitor the systems, ad naseum?
We can be hopeful, there is "hope" in "hopeless" afterall. But it would be naive to believe that we, as flawed humans, have capabilities to control the future safety and security of AI, in particular, and other dangers, Bio weapons, etc. Sure, we can give up our privacy for a guaranteed safety - I'd be happy with that. But who/what can provide that guarantee? Sorry, got no answer, except to say I WILL NOT GIVE UP MY PRIVACY TO ANY SYSTEM THAT IS ADMINSTERED BY GOVERNMENT OR CORPORATION ( don't leave much, huh?)
Thank you for this talk. One remark: When you talk from the size of our universe of a solar system or a tennis ball, you mean for sure the size of our visible universe, right? As we know so far the universe is and was infinite since the big bang.
Waht happen with the live with the dr . Juan maldacena?
@briangreene Do we know how fast the electron orbits the nucleus in atoms?
I think similar to the earth's orbit speed, so would be very fast from human perspective 😂
Hi Brian, what about the cosmological constant ? Is anything confirmed other than the standard model the higs boson ? For the rest nothing has happened for the moment. The Guth inflation theory is put in question ! SWT has shown confiquring galaxies much more earlier than the inflationary model , much more older than supposed., nothtig to do with te mass of the electron..
Not the system of the inflationary model, is in question, only iI supposes a little bit older. But we have the Linda’s theorem ? Multiverse/fine tuning/strings ?
For me the plausible outcomes are curled up strings (how dimensions I don’t know) its for the moment the most obvious.
Other than de Sitter Space as the Plank length, holographical prinipal. Collision of branes JWST has demonstrated a very big void 1.8 bilions LY across. Which can concure with string tjheory, as branes
The title of the New York Times article referenced at the beginning is: The Story of Our Universe May Be Starting to Unravel
The talk about the future was eye opening. We humans have evolved in various ways and at various speeds. Our ability to live peacefully and sustainably lags almost logarithmically versus our ability to alter the planet and develop technology. Our vast population, 8.1 billion with our dependence on cities and industrial farming means most of us would have no idea how to live like our ancestors. Many good things. Much lost.
I think in the future, computers will be so powerful, they will be able to work out the universe mathematically. With human experimental data fed to them as biofeedback. They TEACH us how the mechanisms of the universe work. They do the calculations, and break it down for us. Just as science communicators do to regular people.
Brian, what the hell was going on in the background at the beginning of the talk? It looks like a couple people walked onto a plank on a construction site, and through a few things over. They keep going away, and coming back.
I always thought if the Big Bang existed we would show the galaxies far way would be closer to where the point of explosion occurred, but what we have found seems to be a universe which was already expanded beyond where we are at the beginning of our ability to see galaxies. So we came of with a new theory. The main reason for this theory seems to be so we could keep the Big Bang theory. Now we theorize the expansion is increasing? So there was a very fast expansion, then everything slowed so we could see what we see, then expansion is increasing again. I don't think we need to throw away what we have done, but we need to refine our measurements and be open to a new theory if it fits all the hard points.
The bigbang happened everywhere in the universe, there is no center, there was no explosion... hypothetically speaking.
Yep, as the comment above said: the big bang didn’t occur at a single place. It occurred “everywhere”. We know space is expanding, but it’s not expanding in one direction from a source to a destination (I suspect many people mistakenly view the known Universe as a sphere, with the big bang in the centre - this is actually mistaken). It’s more accurate to imagine the space between all objects expanding in all directions simultaneously.
Also, technically speaking, we only know that the early Universe was very hot and dense. At a certain point, known physics break down. The label we use to describe the point beyond is “big bang”. However, technically, we don’t know what the Universe’s initial conditions were. It may be, for example, that there was never a “beginning” in the way we intuitively understand it. It could be (as Penrose suggests), that the Universe periodically expands and then contracts and expands again - perhaps forever and ever. Also, some theories suggest that space and time themselves are emergent properties and are not fundamental to reality.
As humans, we experience the arrow of time. It is plausible that we are trapped by our experience of time and are unable to access its true nature. As a result, even positing a “beginning” of the Universe could be highly erroneous - it may be “the wrong question”, as some say.
re 17:06 "one of the most remarkable diagrams in the whole of science" ... I'm not so sure about that. It looks like a typical autocorrelation function, and there may just be a single parameter behind all those ups and downs.
Yes! Pattern recognition is it all there is. Pattern recognition is logic, science, philosophy, theology, is it all there is.
Heres the thing. There're two realities. One is Truth, the ultimate truthor reality. The other is a practical realistic reality. Truth, we can never be sure if or when we get it. We may get to ir but never be for 100% sure. That's because of our soliscism, consciousness in brain through 5 biological senses, everything can be a figment of your imagination (consciousness). And so let's assume there's the real world out there, and we do sense it, experience it, the practical realistic reality. Although ultimately it always comes down to solitudcism. In science terms, it's a special relativity and quantum mechanics.😊
Ok, so we see patterns. We see patterns in patterns and patterns in patterns. We try to figure out the order of patterns and their causalities, what causing what to make it a pattern. And we apply them, follow them. If we're right, we could figure out its outcomes. We can plan it ahead. We could plan the future following the patterns. But at the end of the day we do have to make a choice. To make a choice, we'd have to evaluate available choices. So how do we evaluate? I think that's where our biological feelings come on.
There're two sort of feelings, physical feelings like pains when there's a cut or punched or burned or something. And feelings of physical pleasure, sexual ones or scratching an itch or something. And there're meta-physcal or phycological feelings like feeling happy, sad, sorrow, anger, fear, etc. Or something between like feeling thirsty or hungry or tired or ... I've no idea how or what our brains work in those things, though. But i think we see patterns, figure out the order of the patterns and try to understand their causalities, and we apply them and follow them to make a choice for our future actions. Sonething like that, i think, maybe, maybe not. Something my useless nonsensical wonderings.😂
What if the universe is indeed much bigger then we can see simply because the area outside our time bubble is different vs that we are living in, maybe that is what dark energy and dark matter are. Material and residue and energy slightly outside our time bubble 😅
as a layman i feel that dark energy and dark matter may have all the solutions to all the queries of expanding universe dark hole gravity formation of universe