No mention of the turn-off characteristics of both diodes. Transition from conduction to reverse is the biggest advantage in using the Schottky diode. Usually in power conversion circuits where the Schottky diodes much higher reverse bias current is a negligible negative factor. It was a good beginner's guide tutorial!
No, reverse breakdown voltage of common Schottky diodes used in power circuits (i.e. with average forward current rating greater than half an amp or so) typically ranges from 20 volts to 100 volts. There are 150 V power Schottky rectifiers on the market. Silicon carbide Schottky rectifiers up to 1200 PIV rating are made but they are quite expensive. The 600 PIV parts would be useful in active power factor correction circuits. If I were still designing that sort of stuff I'd be considering them. The reverse leakage current can be an issue in some applications. Schottky diodes intended for signal use and with low reverse leakage do exist. Hewlett Packard used to make a range of them. I don't know if any of that line is still being made by the current owner of that former HP division.
As a beginner to understand Schottky diod , it was very clear to understand the teacher . You are great . Life is good 💖 Thank you 💚 🤍 🦁 ❤👍🙏 namaste👌👏 1 / 17/ 23
I do appreciate the soft simple way of the technical explanation that you are illustrated at the channel, and for sure this way is not even available in the engineering school itself .... thank you so much 🙏🙏🙏 .... keep going 👋👍
They're great for modifying guitar distortion effects. They use diodes as clamping circuits to create the distorted tone. The more you clip the wave, the more distorted the tone. The lower the voltage of the diode the more saturated and smooth distortion you get. Instead of clipping at 1.5 volts you can go to half that. Usually boost it back up a little somewhere later. They're cool for the designed used also. :)
Peak inverse voltage (breakdown voltage) 1N4001....400volts, near zero leakage I. 1N5820.......50volts, and HIGH reverse leakage current. NOTE: 1N5820 has HIGH capacitance so use Germanium diodes for high frequency small signals.
Schottky diodes work well at high frequencies, it's true, but they have too high a barrier capacity, much higher than the old glass germanium diodes with point contact, which also perform very well at equally high frequencies, without the signal being short-circuited of their capacity as the others do.
The last part about solar panels is not quite demonstrated properly because the bypass diodes are connected across each individual CELL of a panel, so as to bypass any cells of the overall panel that may get shaded by something like a tree or something at certain times of the day. It wouldn't be nearly as effective if the diodes were only connected across entire panels. Each cell in a solar panel produces about 0.5-0.6 volts in full sun, but goes down very quickly if shaded, so a panel that is only partly shaded will benefit from having ONLY the individual cells that are in the shade bypassed, and still be allowed to have the cells that are still in the sun producing power.
Actually, not well explained at all. This video makes it sound like a Schottky diode is better than a silicon diode across the board and that is patently false. There are a few big negatives to Schottky diodes as other posters I already pointed out. This is a very poor discussion.
Schottky diodes are also being used in audio mains rectifiers the theory being the faster switching results in less noise. One disadvantage is schottky can suffer thermal runaway where the resistance increases with temperature.
Electrons flow from negative towards positive. Hence the lined side of the diode receives electrons and spits them out the back, this is called forward biased. In a schematic, electrons flow against the arrow point.
Don't confuse the picture. It's very rare that we need to talk about electron flow. We only need to talk about electron flow if the internal operation of the diode is being explained, particularly around the formation of the depletion region. I have had stupid arguments with idiots on TH-cam that seriously thought that we should just change over night to only talking about electron flow and making that the direction of current. Many people become confused between the two. It's best to leave out mentioning of electron flow unless explaining the internal operation of semiconductor devices and valves.
I agree. It is very rare that we need to talk about hole flow. Electron flow was taught for decades in colleges and universities and then somebody just thought that we should just change over night to only talking about hole flow. A coulomb is related to the eV and is defined as the number of electrons flowing past a point in a second.
It would've been nice to point out not just the advantages but also the limitations of the Schottky diodes. For example they are much more limited in maximum reverse voltage, than pn diodes.
@@jarls5890 they dont have as high reverse breakdown voltage, usually 20 to 40v depending on type number, standard types can be over 1.5kv depending on number..
In the year 1971,we travelled to Henån City,and on our way home this Saturday,there was strange changes on the Car Radio, and like a big Church Organ,the Radio had very strongly effects with multiple frequences very loud. The Owner of the Car,Bert,said that we shall be alerted,because we are supposed to see something very rare.... Bert was right, there it was.Golden glowing. This was fascinating Never before have we seen such a Night glowing goldyellow gigantic wessel. Our Chauffor put the foot on the gaspedal. The Car motor was not quite tuned,ignistion And therefore we just was in speed,some 72 kilometer/per hour. Bert was keen on Study the under of the Gigantic Wessel. Just before we where about to reach the North side of the Tunnel,aproximate 30-40 meter,before outside the tunnel and on the South side of Bridge of Nötesund there was two sound,clang and clang,we hear as the window of the car,was down ,too be able to hear sound of the totally silent enourmos wessel hoovering some 50 meters above Sea Level..... Later we heard a withness tell,that he had taken a rifle,and shot two sharp ammunition under up of the Wessel. That was the exponation,clang + clang,underneath this Wessel... Glass Metal is 50 times stronger than ordinairy Metal or Stone. But anyhow,fraction of seconds Thereafter,20.13 in this Evening,in a very strong white,Sonoluminiscence flash that move Easterly directions with an immence acceleration,that no living thing could have a chance to survive. My beliefe is that we saw a TIME-travel... Withness saw 5 or 6 white Flashes along the pathway of this Wessel,at this time 20.13 20.04 o clock this Wessel came out of misty fogg,just materialized, 3 children aged 7 year old girl,and two cousines,about 9 year old,told us that they tought it was the Moon. They realized that it was not the Moon. This came to their attention,as they saw the pattern under this Wessel..... So this all happened this November evening. There are more details.Houses went dark,all electric devices stopped working,because of this Electro Magnetic Pulse. There was also seconds later,a big rubyred glowing cloud,in Eastern direction,it was very special movements,hard to explain. And seconds later a big dark blue NATO-star,it was only there for 5 seconds,and when it nomore was glowing,the Ruby Red Cloud went gone.There was as nothing have happened. Dark and somehowe terrific,like in Cinema. But this was a genuine UFO. NOTHING about it in the news. Not in Television,not on Radio,not in Paper News.1972 i wrote to Elvis Presley about it. No answer.But years later i got a letter from Bill Clinton. This ought to be told the children that UFO is from the Future Earth,visiting back in Time.
Thanks. This is very clear information which one sadly can't find very often in suitable literature. I would hower call it still a _normal_ diode or _silicon_ diode instead of a normal _diode_ or silicion _diode- ...when talking about diodes
This presentation is remiss because it gives the impression that Schottky diodes are superior to "normal" diodes in *every* possible application. A person watching it would wonder, why would anyone ever use a "normal" diode?
@@williambock1821 In many applications the primary advantage of Schottky diodes is their very short "reverse recovery time." The video touches on this but doesn't explain it well. When the voltage applied to a diode is suddenly changed from the "forward bias" to the "reverse bias" condition (that is, from the anode being positive with respect to the cathode to the opposite), it does not stop conducting instantaneously. Ordinary silicon PN junction power diodes take quite a long time to turn off - their "reverse recovery time" is long and quite a lot of charge gets through. It has to do with getting "excesss carriers" out of the junction region. This is of very little concern in low frequency circuits such as rectification at AC mains frequency. When you get up into the frequencies of switchmode power supplies, which these day can range from around 50 kHz to 1 MHz or so (100 kHz is quite common for high power switchers), the reverse recovery time and charge becomes a problem. Ordinary silicon diodes would cause a lot of power loss. There are "fast recovery" and "ultrafast recovery" silicon PN junction diodes available that work much better. Schottky diodes have even shorter reverse recovery time. The other advantage is the lower forward conduction voltage, as described in the video. Sometimes that isn't important, but it is in lots of applications. At moderately high currents (a few amperes to a few tens of amperes) a silicon PN diode may have a forward voltage of around 1 volt. A comparably-rated Schottky diode might have a forward voltage of about half that. At 20 amperes, half a volt difference is a 10 watt difference, and something that has to be considered in real circuits. In power supply "ORing" circuits the forward voltage can be a big concern. There aren't many Schottky diode with reverse voltage withstanding rating of more than 100 volts, whereas silicon PN diodes can be had up to 1 kV. There are Schottky diodes with much higher reverse voltage rating on the market but they are expensive. In general, Schottky diodes are quite a bit more expensive than similarly-rated PN diodes. Schottky diode "reverse leakage current" (current that can flow when the cathode is positive with respect to the anode) tends to be substantially higher than in silicon PN junction diodes. This isn't a big deal in lots of applications but it can be in some. Even the reverse leakage current of a silicon PN junction diode can be a significant issue in some low-level precision analog circuits.
Modern very fast silicon diodes are now available with minimal leakage current. Thus, today the Vf at load are the only issue left, and it is getting lower for the silicon diodes ( at load).
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Be aware of higher leakage current in the Schottky. Also to get low voltage across Schottky you need low current. At higher currents voltage increases.
I use SNOOKIE diodes their switching capabilities are much better when used in weak fielding based equipment. If using ROPS or SOPS measuring equipment there is no chance of flash over or any overloading.
Schottky begins conducting "earlier" (@ 0.3V) along the v/t sine wave... vs. standard Diode "later", @ 0.7V on the same v/t sine wave. Likewise, "slamming" shut is also the inverse. Greatest weakness of Schottky: resistance to reverse voltage... as well as ampacity.
As commented ( below ) these diodes MUST only be used in LOW voltage circuits ( car battery chargers or SMPS ? ) , also Germanium point contact diodes ( such as OA79 ) are MUCH superior to demodulate ultra low power AM radio signals ( even after ALL the decades since the 1960's ! ) .. DAVE™ ...
@@eeapplications It was learned in the old days of vacuum tubes that current flows from cathode to anode. This crap you are promoting is due to kids that don't know why the arrow points the opposite direction. The arrow's direction has NOTHING to do with current flow.
Electric current isn't always electron flow. Electric currents in salt water and inside human bodies are positive sodium ions flowing in one direction, and negative chloride ions the other. Even in pure semiconductors, there are something we called hole currents which go the opposite direction to the electrons. So in conventional circuit calculations, we ignore whether it is the flow of electrons, ions or holes and just assume it is positive charge flowing from positive terminal to negative terminal for the sake of simplicity.
"Conventional current" is considered to flow from positive to negative. Most of the arrows in semiconductor symbols correspond to conventional current flow. It's something you just have to get used to because the use isn't going away anytime soon. It is important to specify if you mean electron flow or conventional current flow if you are explaining something to a novice.
LDR Photo electric - is this a simple on off switch? If I shine a laser at it, it keeps the contacts closed allowing current to flow. If i remove the light source, it stops the current. Can I put this into a simple setup (example, the tamper circuit of an alarm system) and if the laser light is tripped, set off the alarm?
A light dependent resistor is not really any good as a switch because an ldr is like having 2 resistors in series, this voltage divider creates a voltage based in how much light falls on the ldr, when 0.6v is reached that can turn on a transistor that powers your light/device
A 1N400x is sufficient for 50 to 60 Hz and has a threshold of 0.6 to 0.8 Volts. The range up to 1 Amps is to be calculated. A Schottky diode is faster but cannot withstand reverse flow well at higher voltages. Then a stupid 1N4007 is more robust. I want to point out the UF400x series, a Schottky that in many cases replaces a 1N400x.
Gunn diode isn't a diode in the normal sense (check the Wikipedia entry on it for more info), and Shitake is a type of mushroom used frequently in Japanese cuisine, so I'm guessing autocorrect is at fault there. Schottky diode is good for high frequencies, but not great for high reverse voltage (more than 30v) applications. It's not so much a case of "Which is better", but "Which is better in my particular case" - and that is a lot harder to answer. Hope this helps. (and I want mushrooms now ;)
So Schottky diodes have less forward voltage, better properties at higher frequencies, why are silicon diodes still made? What would be their advantage over Schottky diodes?
From 5:26 we can see that the reverse breakdown voltage is not as good, typically around 50 volts or so. In applications where reverse breakdown voltage is important, silicon diodes win.
It is, the battery is not the power source in the diagram. The solar panels are the power source and the battery is the load - the solar panels are charging the battery.
@@eeapplications Some people need the captioning. Why should they have to accept losing information from the diagrams because they need the captions? The content creator should take this into account and not put important information or text in the area where captions are likely to be displayed.
You can - briefly. They are just not designed to dissipate the 6W of heat produced in the junction while it is happening. When the junction hits 120C it stops working - permanently.
Max surge current is 30 amps. So yes it can handle high current transient spikes. Not everything in electronics is straight DC bro. And diodes are often used as clamps to dissipate spikes, like from inductive kickback.
Its a small-signal silicon diode optimised for a fast recovery rate hence its use in switching , usually in glass packaging they cant handle much power. "Compared with signal diodes, rectifier diodes generally have higher current ratings, can have much higher reverse voltage ratings, but have higher leakage current and greater junction capacitance.[16] " en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1N400x_general-purpose_diode en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1N4148_signal_diode#Specifications 😎👍☘️🍺
The 1N4148 is a silicon PN junction diode optimized for "fast switching." As long as you can live within their current and voltage ratings they are pretty decent all-round compromise diodes. The reverse recovery time is short (4 ns, iirc) and their reverse leakage current is tolerable in lots of applications. If you need very low reverse leakage current there are much better diodes (the collector-base junction of a transistor like the 2N3904 has much lower leakage but is on the slow side; the base-emitter junction leakage is even less and is faster but the reverse breakdown volltage is around 6 volts)
They are there almost entirely to protect a panel that might be shaded from having current driven though it by other panels that are receiving normal illumination. They rarely do anything useful in terms of power delivery, especially in an array where you have both parallel and series connections of panels.
I have a circuit with a BJT transistor in it. It is a hydraulic selector handle that opens a hydraulically powered cargo door. Moving the handle in either direction turns on the electric motor. The handle has three positions, 1) Open 2) Off 3) Close. The handle ports hydraulic pressure to either the open or close position, and in either open or close it simply turns on the hydraulic pump motor. The electrical connector has three contacts, A, B, and C. There is a transistor symbol between A and B with C appearing to be unused. However one of the legs of the transistor appears to also be unused. It's not readily apparent from the drawing whether the one leg is used or not. My question is.......how can I test the selector handle electrically to see if it is functioning correctly? I mean.....in actual operation 28V dc is connected between contacts A and B and sent downstream. But when I move the handle in either the Open or Close position I get nothing on my meter no matter how I connect them to the contacts. And for the record, yes the handle is known to be good. But we couldn't be sure in the early stages of troubleshooting the door circuit. I'd like to know how to test this selector handle assembly to avoid changing it unnecessarily. Is there some sort of signal coming in the C contact that enables the transistor to pass the 28 volts between A and B ? So in other words, would I need to put some sort of voltage on the C contact in order for my meter to read continuity between A and B when the handle is moved to either Open or Closed? Thank you.
But Didn't Schottky Diode had Metal on one side and N-Type semiconductor material on other side?? And in this vedio there is shown Anode part in this diode, how come this Schottky Diode has a P-type Semiconductor material part? Ididn't Understood it?
Schottky diodes have much lower reverse breakdown voltage and higher reverse leakage current. Hence it is better to assess whether a normal diode or a schottky diode is better for the specific application you're looking at
Higher price and more complicated production process compared to a standard diode, unnecessary fast response time, higher current value, etc. There's a brunch of reasons
It doesn't conduct in both directions as long as the maximum reverse blocking voltage rating isn't exceeded. It behave like a silicon PN junction diode in terms of forward conduction (anode positive with respect to cathode). However the reverse "leakage" current of a Schottky diode is typically higher than for a comparably-rated silicon PN diode. This leakage current is too small to be of much concern for rectifier use, but it can be a significant in other uses such as low-level analog circuitry. There are small Schottky diodes made specifically for small signal applications. They are typically designed to have very low reverse leakage current. There are many silicon PN junction diodes with reverse voltage withstanding (blocking) capability up to 1 kV. It is easy to make them. Most Schottky diodes have a reverse blocking voltage rating of 100 volts or less. It is possible to get types with up to about 150 V reverse blocking rating, but there aren't many choices. There are types made with silicon carbide that can block up to 1200 V in reverse but the forward voltage is higher than that of a silicon PN junction diode and they are expensive. They are still very useful in some circuits because of their very short reverse recovery time.
Great refresher for someone like me who originally learned about Schottky diodes 40 years ago but has forgotten most of the details. Thank you!
Thank you so much ☺️🙏
No mention of the turn-off characteristics of both diodes. Transition from conduction to reverse is the biggest advantage in using the Schottky diode. Usually in power conversion circuits where the Schottky diodes much higher reverse bias current is a negligible negative factor. It was a good beginner's guide tutorial!
Thank you for the extra informations you provided 👍
Your videos are excellent and hit a number of my 'blind spots' when learning about electronics. Thank you.
Disadvantages:
1. breakdown voltage measured in tens of volts vs hundreds of volts.
2. much higher reverse leakage
My silicon diodes thank you for saving them.
No, reverse breakdown voltage of common Schottky diodes used in power circuits (i.e. with average forward current rating greater than half an amp or so) typically ranges from 20 volts to 100 volts. There are 150 V power Schottky rectifiers on the market. Silicon carbide Schottky rectifiers up to 1200 PIV rating are made but they are quite expensive. The 600 PIV parts would be useful in active power factor correction circuits. If I were still designing that sort of stuff I'd be considering them.
The reverse leakage current can be an issue in some applications. Schottky diodes intended for signal use and with low reverse leakage do exist. Hewlett Packard used to make a range of them. I don't know if any of that line is still being made by the current owner of that former HP division.
Great! I'm working on my amateur extra ham radio license and this is exactly what I needed to learn. Thank you.
Thank you so much ☺️🙏🏼
concius and didactical. Very practical and objective. If you ever wanted to know how a smart and clever person is, here is the example. GREAT !!!
Thank you so much ☺️🙏🏼
As a beginner to understand Schottky diod , it was very clear to understand the teacher . You are great . Life is good 💖
Thank you 💚 🤍 🦁 ❤👍🙏 namaste👌👏 1 / 17/ 23
Thank you so much ☺️🙏
Finally, some good tutorials that I was looking for. Thank you for your videos.
Thank you so much ☺️🙏🏼
The world's best teacher so nice and educative
Thank you so much. I'm so happy 😊
Thanks, a mug at electronics but followed this simple lesson easily.
Thank you so much ☺️
I do appreciate the soft simple way of the technical explanation that you are illustrated at the channel, and for sure this way is not even available in the engineering school itself .... thank you so much 🙏🙏🙏 .... keep going 👋👍
Maybe not in Russia or India, but this is common knowledge taught everywhere in the USA.
Thank you for your video.
Thanks to commenters.
Thank you so much ☺️🙏
They're great for modifying guitar distortion effects. They use diodes as clamping circuits to create the distorted tone. The more you clip the wave, the more distorted the tone. The lower the voltage of the diode the more saturated and smooth distortion you get. Instead of clipping at 1.5 volts you can go to half that. Usually boost it back up a little somewhere later. They're cool for the designed used also. :)
Excellent Explanation
Thank you, I learn a lot from this video.
Thank you so much ☺️🙏🏼
Excellente vidéo... Merci,,, Thank you.
Thank you so much 🙏🏼
Best teaching method
Thank you so much 😊🙏
Peak inverse voltage (breakdown voltage)
1N4001....400volts, near zero leakage I.
1N5820.......50volts, and HIGH reverse leakage current.
NOTE: 1N5820 has HIGH capacitance so use Germanium diodes for high frequency small signals.
1N4001s are 50v, 400v one is 1N4004 , and yes, germanium types or low power signal schottky such as BAT85 better for small signal use
Really helpful information, thanks 👍👍👍
Thank you so much ☺️🙏
Superb way of explanation.
Thank you so much ☺️
Super explanation. I know few new points here. Hope you make more helpful videos to share new points. Thank you.
Thank you very much ☺️ I will always try to make new videos 🙏🏼
@@eeapplications Yes, I have already knew from your videos. Keep making more. You can make a new electronics world. Thank you.
isn't the waveform at 0:40 wrong for schottky? shouldn't it stop when it's negative?
Schottky diodes work well at high frequencies, it's true, but they have too high a barrier capacity, much higher than the old glass germanium diodes with point contact, which also perform very well at equally high frequencies, without the signal being short-circuited of their capacity as the others do.
Thank you for the extra information you provided 👍
No mention of the disadvantage of Schottky diodes compared to conventional silicon diodes with regard to reverse leakage current.
what would the disadvantages entail?
@@monoki8708 : I believe back leakage current is the disadvantage.
@@monoki8708 in reverse there's a bigger current leakage than a silicon diode
up to 100x more expensive
@@SANTO971nonsense
Really nice. Thanks from Bangladesh.
The last part about solar panels is not quite demonstrated properly because the bypass diodes are connected across each individual CELL of a panel, so as to bypass any cells of the overall panel that may get shaded by something like a tree or something at certain times of the day. It wouldn't be nearly as effective if the diodes were only connected across entire panels.
Each cell in a solar panel produces about 0.5-0.6 volts in full sun, but goes down very quickly if shaded, so a panel that is only partly shaded will benefit from having ONLY the individual cells that are in the shade bypassed, and still be allowed to have the cells that are still in the sun producing power.
Excellent sir! Thanks
Thank you so much ☺️🙏🏼
Very well explained. Thank you.
Thank you so much ☺️
Actually, not well explained at all. This video makes it sound like a Schottky diode is better than a silicon diode across the board and that is patently false. There are a few big negatives to Schottky diodes as other posters I already pointed out. This is a very poor discussion.
Im glad I understand chengrish.
Helpful, Thanks sir.
Schottky diodes are also being used in audio mains rectifiers the theory being the faster switching results in less noise. One disadvantage is schottky can suffer thermal runaway where the resistance increases with temperature.
Amazing teaching with nice example
Thank you so much ☺️🙏🏼
Excellent. Thanks a lot for your well description
Thank you so much 😍
you can also get 'ultrafast' diodes of fairly standard construction, such as UF5401, BYV96, same drop as normal types but almost as fast as schottky
Electrons flow from negative towards positive. Hence the lined side of the diode receives electrons and spits them out the back, this is called forward biased. In a schematic, electrons flow against the arrow point.
Don't confuse the picture. It's very rare that we need to talk about electron flow.
We only need to talk about electron flow if the internal operation of the diode is being explained, particularly around the formation of the depletion region.
I have had stupid arguments with idiots on TH-cam that seriously thought that we should just change over night to only talking about electron flow and making that the direction of current.
Many people become confused between the two. It's best to leave out mentioning of electron flow unless explaining the internal operation of semiconductor devices and valves.
I agree. It is very rare that we need to talk about hole flow. Electron flow was taught for decades in colleges and universities and then somebody just thought that we should just change over night to only talking about hole flow. A coulomb is related to the eV and is defined as the number of electrons flowing past a point in a second.
@@BarryPiper correct. I think it's ridiculous to try to talk about hole flow in electronic Theory. You know electron flow > electron•ic
It would've been nice to point out not just the advantages but also the limitations of the Schottky diodes. For example they are much more limited in maximum reverse voltage, than pn diodes.
Thank you n great techy insight n comparison old n new diode.
Thank you so much ☺️🙏
It is important to consider the Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) which is typically much lower with Schottky diodes. typically around only 30V
Thank you for the additional information 🙏
This is why the PV String is not saved with the Schottky diode. I was wondering before i read your comment.
From this video it seems there are no downsides to the Schottky diode. So why ever use regular diodes? Cost?
@@jarls5890 they dont have as high reverse breakdown voltage, usually 20 to 40v depending on type number, standard types can be over 1.5kv depending on number..
Faster, cleaner clamping times and waveforms. Thank you. That is all.
GOOD TICHING KARTE HO AP THANKS 👍👌👍👌👍
Thank you so much ☺️🙏
Very clear explanation 👍
Thank you so much ☺️🙏
In the year 1971,we travelled to Henån City,and on our way home this Saturday,there was strange changes on the Car Radio, and like a big Church Organ,the Radio had very strongly effects with multiple frequences very loud.
The Owner of the Car,Bert,said that we shall be alerted,because we are supposed to see something very rare....
Bert was right, there it was.Golden glowing.
This was fascinating
Never before have we seen such a Night glowing goldyellow gigantic wessel.
Our Chauffor put the foot on the gaspedal.
The Car motor was not quite tuned,ignistion
And therefore we just was in speed,some 72 kilometer/per hour. Bert was keen on Study the under of the Gigantic Wessel.
Just before we where about to reach the North side of the Tunnel,aproximate 30-40 meter,before outside the tunnel and on the South side of Bridge of Nötesund there was two sound,clang and clang,we hear as the window of the car,was down ,too be able to hear sound of the totally silent enourmos wessel hoovering some 50 meters above Sea Level.....
Later we heard a withness tell,that he had taken a rifle,and shot two sharp ammunition under up of the Wessel. That was the exponation,clang + clang,underneath this Wessel...
Glass Metal is 50 times stronger than ordinairy
Metal or Stone. But anyhow,fraction of seconds
Thereafter,20.13 in this Evening,in a very strong white,Sonoluminiscence flash that move Easterly directions with an immence acceleration,that no living thing could have a chance to survive.
My beliefe is that we saw a TIME-travel...
Withness saw 5 or 6 white Flashes along the pathway of this Wessel,at this time 20.13
20.04 o clock this Wessel came out of misty fogg,just materialized, 3 children aged 7 year old girl,and two cousines,about 9 year old,told us that they tought it was the Moon.
They realized that it was not the Moon.
This came to their attention,as they saw the pattern under this Wessel.....
So this all happened this November evening.
There are more details.Houses went dark,all electric devices stopped working,because of this Electro Magnetic Pulse.
There was also seconds later,a big rubyred glowing cloud,in Eastern direction,it was very special movements,hard to explain.
And seconds later a big dark blue NATO-star,it was only there for 5 seconds,and when it nomore was glowing,the Ruby Red Cloud went gone.There was as nothing have happened. Dark and somehowe terrific,like in Cinema.
But this was a genuine UFO.
NOTHING about it in the news.
Not in Television,not on Radio,not in Paper News.1972 i wrote to Elvis Presley about it.
No answer.But years later i got a letter from Bill Clinton.
This ought to be told the children that UFO is from the Future Earth,visiting back in Time.
Sir, very helpful n informative video, got to know of diodes basic, differences., it's application s in respective places of innovatives. 👍🌹
Thank you for liking the video 😊
Best teching n best explanations about components, their functional consumptional details with formulas & values
Thank you so much ☺️
Excellent!
Thanks. This is very clear information which one sadly can't find very often in suitable literature.
I would hower call it still a _normal_ diode or _silicon_ diode instead of a normal _diode_ or silicion _diode- ...when talking about diodes
This presentation is remiss because it gives the impression that Schottky diodes are superior to "normal" diodes in *every* possible application. A person watching it would wonder, why would anyone ever use a "normal" diode?
That’s exactly what I was wondering. So what’s the answer?
I don't really know, but I'd guess better longevity and/or lower price.
@@williambock1821
In many applications the primary advantage of Schottky diodes is their very short "reverse recovery time." The video touches on this but doesn't explain it well.
When the voltage applied to a diode is suddenly changed from the "forward bias" to the "reverse bias" condition (that is, from the anode being positive with respect to the cathode to the opposite), it does not stop conducting instantaneously. Ordinary silicon PN junction power diodes take quite a long time to turn off - their "reverse recovery time" is long and quite a lot of charge gets through. It has to do with getting "excesss carriers" out of the junction region. This is of very little concern in low frequency circuits such as rectification at AC mains frequency. When you get up into the frequencies of switchmode power supplies, which these day can range from around 50 kHz to 1 MHz or so (100 kHz is quite common for high power switchers), the reverse recovery time and charge becomes a problem. Ordinary silicon diodes would cause a lot of power loss. There are "fast recovery" and "ultrafast recovery" silicon PN junction diodes available that work much better. Schottky diodes have even shorter reverse recovery time.
The other advantage is the lower forward conduction voltage, as described in the video. Sometimes that isn't important, but it is in lots of applications. At moderately high currents (a few amperes to a few tens of amperes) a silicon PN diode may have a forward voltage of around 1 volt. A comparably-rated Schottky diode might have a forward voltage of about half that. At 20 amperes, half a volt difference is a 10 watt difference, and something that has to be considered in real circuits. In power supply "ORing" circuits the forward voltage can be a big concern.
There aren't many Schottky diode with reverse voltage withstanding rating of more than 100 volts, whereas silicon PN diodes can be had up to 1 kV. There are Schottky diodes with much higher reverse voltage rating on the market but they are expensive. In general, Schottky diodes are quite a bit more expensive than similarly-rated PN diodes.
Schottky diode "reverse leakage current" (current that can flow when the cathode is positive with respect to the anode) tends to be substantially higher than in silicon PN junction diodes. This isn't a big deal in lots of applications but it can be in some. Even the reverse leakage current of a silicon PN junction diode can be a significant issue in some low-level precision analog circuits.
Not quite as leaky as a Germanium
Good explanation. Thanks.
Thank you so much ☺️
very informative declaration.
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Thank you so much 😊
Modern very fast silicon diodes are now available with minimal leakage current. Thus, today the Vf at load are the only issue left, and it is getting lower for the silicon diodes ( at load).
5:20: I built my own curve tracer . Variable frequency ,Voltage and Current. Old scope with X and Y deflection.
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Be aware of higher leakage current in the Schottky. Also to get low voltage across Schottky you need low current. At higher currents voltage increases.
Thank you for the extra information 🙏
Good. A new good learning.
Thank you so much ☺️🙏
well done👍👍
I use SNOOKIE diodes their switching capabilities are much better when used in weak fielding based equipment. If using ROPS or SOPS measuring equipment there is no chance of flash over or any overloading.
Schottky begins conducting "earlier" (@ 0.3V) along the v/t sine wave... vs. standard Diode "later", @ 0.7V on the same v/t sine wave. Likewise, "slamming" shut is also the inverse.
Greatest weakness of Schottky: resistance to reverse voltage... as well as ampacity.
Thk y is great video 👍
Best AI written and voiced article I've come across for shottky diode
Thank You.👍
Nice lecture
Thank you so much 😊
Excelente
Thank you so much 🙏🏼
Nice info, thanks :)
Thank you so much ☺️
This is a good lecture. How the amplification factor/or current gain by the Schottky diode is compared with ordinary diodes?
Thanks.
I'm glad you like the video 😊 Unfortunately I don't know about that 😔
Current gain? It's a diode, not a transistor.
Good Job...Thanks..
Thank you so much ☺️🙏🏼
Can we use shotkey diod instead of normal silicone diod in bridgrectifier for dc 12v battery charger circuit
Yes you can use 👍
@@eeapplications thanks for your kind information stay blessed
As commented ( below ) these diodes MUST only be used in LOW voltage circuits ( car battery chargers or SMPS ? ) , also Germanium point contact diodes ( such as OA79 ) are MUCH superior to demodulate ultra low power AM radio signals ( even after ALL the decades since the 1960's ! ) .. DAVE™ ...
what is the use of the diamond shape arrangement of the schottky diode at 7:50 ?
RF Mixer circuit.
Can it be replaced with 1N4148?
so what are dis-advantages over silicon diodes?
Reverse voltage values are low. Therefore, it is not suitable for use in rectification circuits.
Current flows from CATHODE to ANODE. Current is electron flow. Electrons are delivered to the circuit from the cathode side.
Here it is described according to the traditional current direction.
@@eeapplications It was learned in the old days of vacuum tubes that current flows from cathode to anode. This crap you are promoting is due to kids that don't know why the arrow points the opposite direction. The arrow's direction has NOTHING to do with current flow.
Electric current isn't always electron flow. Electric currents in salt water and inside human bodies are positive sodium ions flowing in one direction, and negative chloride ions the other. Even in pure semiconductors, there are something we called hole currents which go the opposite direction to the electrons. So in conventional circuit calculations, we ignore whether it is the flow of electrons, ions or holes and just assume it is positive charge flowing from positive terminal to negative terminal for the sake of simplicity.
Current should go in both directions unless bigger than 0.65V
"Conventional current" is considered to flow from positive to negative. Most of the arrows in semiconductor symbols correspond to conventional current flow.
It's something you just have to get used to because the use isn't going away anytime soon. It is important to specify if you mean electron flow or conventional current flow if you are explaining something to a novice.
Thanks a lot.
Thank you so much ☺️
Thanks a lot for the video.
Thanku sir🙏
Thank you so much 😊
Very helpful
Thank you so much ☺️
Thanks you so much ,
LDR Photo electric - is this a simple on off switch? If I shine a laser at it, it keeps the contacts closed allowing current to flow. If i remove the light source, it stops the current. Can I put this into a simple setup (example, the tamper circuit of an alarm system) and if the laser light is tripped, set off the alarm?
A light dependent resistor is not really any good as a switch because an ldr is like having 2 resistors in series, this voltage divider creates a voltage based in how much light falls on the ldr, when 0.6v is reached that can turn on a transistor that powers your light/device
Yes.
Thank you.
ottima spiegazione
A 1N400x is sufficient for 50 to 60 Hz and has a threshold of 0.6 to 0.8 Volts. The range up to 1 Amps is to be calculated.
A Schottky diode is faster but cannot withstand reverse flow well at higher voltages.
Then a stupid 1N4007 is more robust.
I want to point out the UF400x series, a Schottky that in many cases replaces a 1N400x.
which one is better ? Gunn diode or shitaki diode ?
Gunn diode isn't a diode in the normal sense (check the Wikipedia entry on it for more info), and Shitake is a type of mushroom used frequently in Japanese cuisine, so I'm guessing autocorrect is at fault there. Schottky diode is good for high frequencies, but not great for high reverse voltage (more than 30v) applications. It's not so much a case of "Which is better", but "Which is better in my particular case" - and that is a lot harder to answer. Hope this helps. (and I want mushrooms now ;)
Shitake diodes are probably tastier
GOOD EXPLANATION SIR.BUT SIR IN CASE OF HIGH FREQUENCY IT CAN USE FR AND UFR DIODE ALSO.
Thank you for liking the video 😊 Thank you for the information 👍
Very cool.
Thank you so much 😊🙏
Very informative, thank you.
So Schottky diodes have less forward voltage, better properties at higher frequencies, why are silicon diodes still made? What would be their advantage over Schottky diodes?
From 5:26 we can see that the reverse breakdown voltage is not as good, typically around 50 volts or so. In applications where reverse breakdown voltage is important, silicon diodes win.
Thank you at heart for this explanation. Can I use shoctky diodes to rectify a 60 Hz signal?
Thank you so much 🙏🏼😊 Of course it can be used 👍
@@eeapplications You're welcome.
No. You cannot. We can, however.
i wonder if the solar to battery with that diode symbol is correct! Thanks
It is, the battery is not the power source in the diagram. The solar panels are the power source and the battery is the load - the solar panels are charging the battery.
Your question makes no sense. Ask better questions.
Captions are overlapping the demonstrated circuit diagrams.
You can remove subtitle from youtube video settings.
That is the way that they work.
@@eeapplications Some people need the captioning. Why should they have to accept losing information from the diagrams because they need the captions? The content creator should take this into account and not put important information or text in the area where captions are likely to be displayed.
You can't put 10A through a 1N4001 as they are rated at 1A
You can - briefly.
They are just not designed to dissipate the 6W of heat produced in the junction while it is happening. When the junction hits 120C it stops working - permanently.
Max surge current is 30 amps. So yes it can handle high current transient spikes. Not everything in electronics is straight DC bro. And diodes are often used as clamps to dissipate spikes, like from inductive kickback.
I used to be, about 40 years ago, an assistant to a parts substitution board at a bomber plant. Ver interesting !
So what?
Question: what category is 1N4148 ? This one is commonly used at high freq too (but at low current) ?
Its a small-signal silicon diode optimised for a fast recovery rate hence its use in switching , usually in glass packaging they cant handle much power.
"Compared with signal diodes, rectifier diodes generally have higher current ratings, can have much higher reverse voltage ratings, but have higher leakage current and greater junction capacitance.[16] "
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1N400x_general-purpose_diode
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1N4148_signal_diode#Specifications
😎👍☘️🍺
I believe they are classified as Switching Diodes, which got me thinking what is the difference.
The 1N4148 is a silicon PN junction diode optimized for "fast switching." As long as you can live within their current and voltage ratings they are pretty decent all-round compromise diodes. The reverse recovery time is short (4 ns, iirc) and their reverse leakage current is tolerable in lots of applications.
If you need very low reverse leakage current there are much better diodes (the collector-base junction of a transistor like the 2N3904 has much lower leakage but is on the slow side; the base-emitter junction leakage is even less and is faster but the reverse breakdown volltage is around 6 volts)
Sir please explain working of RF mixer circuit in detail
First of all, thank you for your interest 😊 I will try to do it in the next time 👍
What is the purpose of the Bypass Diodes across the solar panels? I cannot see what their function is.
They divert current around other series panels. This is advantageous in that it reduces energy loss.
If one or more panels are shaded the power drops of considerably. The diode will allow the current from the unshaded panels to bypass the shaded ones
Did you say thanks to the 2 responses?
@@jasonharrison25thanks
They are there almost entirely to protect a panel that might be shaded from having current driven though it by other panels that are receiving normal illumination. They rarely do anything useful in terms of power delivery, especially in an array where you have both parallel and series connections of panels.
I have a circuit with a BJT transistor in it. It is a hydraulic selector handle that opens a hydraulically powered cargo door. Moving the handle in either direction turns on the electric motor. The handle has three positions, 1) Open 2) Off 3) Close. The handle ports hydraulic pressure to either the open or close position, and in either open or close it simply turns on the hydraulic pump motor. The electrical connector has three contacts, A, B, and C. There is a transistor symbol between A and B with C appearing to be unused. However one of the legs of the transistor appears to also be unused. It's not readily apparent from the drawing whether the one leg is used or not. My question is.......how can I test the selector handle electrically to see if it is functioning correctly? I mean.....in actual operation 28V dc is connected between contacts A and B and sent downstream. But when I move the handle in either the Open or Close position I get nothing on my meter no matter how I connect them to the contacts. And for the record, yes the handle is known to be good. But we couldn't be sure in the early stages of troubleshooting the door circuit. I'd like to know how to test this selector handle assembly to avoid changing it unnecessarily. Is there some sort of signal coming in the C contact that enables the transistor to pass the 28 volts between A and B ? So in other words, would I need to put some sort of voltage on the C contact in order for my meter to read continuity between A and B when the handle is moved to either Open or Closed?
Thank you.
No.
Perhaps 🤣
Good
Thank you so much ☺️🙏
4:30 - 1N4001 - If= 1 A not 10 A !!! Pd=1V*1A=1W
See datasheet
1N5820 Vf=0.4..0.5V @ 3A => Pd=1.2..1.5W
Comparing a silicon diode passing 1.0 amperes with a schottky passing 3.0 amperes is not a valid comparisson!
I just discovered Frank's RedHot Xtra Hot. New favorite!
But Didn't Schottky Diode had Metal on one side and N-Type semiconductor material on other side?? And in this vedio there is shown Anode part in this diode, how come this Schottky Diode has a P-type Semiconductor material part? Ididn't Understood it?
No.
Search schottky diode construction
Why not to use only the Schottky Diodes ?
Cost.
A regular diode is enough for frequencies less than 1kHz
Schottky diodes have much lower reverse breakdown voltage and higher reverse leakage current.
Hence it is better to assess whether a normal diode or a schottky diode is better for the specific application you're looking at
Higher price and more complicated production process compared to a standard diode, unnecessary fast response time, higher current value, etc. There's a brunch of reasons
Low prv some reverse leakage . High forward current low forward voltage.
Can anyone explain to me why the shottky diode rectifies current if it turns on at both positive and negative voltages?
It doesn't conduct in both directions as long as the maximum reverse blocking voltage rating isn't exceeded.
It behave like a silicon PN junction diode in terms of forward conduction (anode positive with respect to cathode). However the reverse "leakage" current of a Schottky diode is typically higher than for a comparably-rated silicon PN diode. This leakage current is too small to be of much concern for rectifier use, but it can be a significant in other uses such as low-level analog circuitry. There are small Schottky diodes made specifically for small signal applications. They are typically designed to have very low reverse leakage current.
There are many silicon PN junction diodes with reverse voltage withstanding (blocking) capability up to 1 kV. It is easy to make them. Most Schottky diodes have a reverse blocking voltage rating of 100 volts or less. It is possible to get types with up to about 150 V reverse blocking rating, but there aren't many choices. There are types made with silicon carbide that can block up to 1200 V in reverse but the forward voltage is higher than that of a silicon PN junction diode and they are expensive. They are still very useful in some circuits because of their very short reverse recovery time.
What is a “negative alternans?” I am not familiar with this word.
Negative cycle
Is a schottky diode the same as a fast recovery diode?
Features are slightly different.