Sunnah Tawassul is allowed (Quran 5 :35), calling Allah through: 1. His 99 or more names (Quran 7 :180) 2. One's own Good deeds (Quran 34 :37, ex: Bukhari 2215, Dealership) 3. Ask a reachable living one to make dua for you. (S. Bukhari 1010, Invoking for Rain) 4. One's Hardship. (Quran 28 :25 & Quran 19 :4) ----- Haram/Bid'ah 1. Call Allah by rank or deed of Prophet Messengers or righteous. (Quran 2 :141 & 72 :23) Abu Haneefah said, ‘It is not befitting for anyone to call upon Allaah, except by Him, and it is even more detestable for him to say: By the junctures of Honour from your Throne, or ‘By the Right of Your Creation.” [al-Fiqhul-Absat (p. 56)] ------ Shirk 1. Calling creation or intercessors to Allah! (Quran 17 :56, refuted by verse 57, see top of this list & 72 :18 - 22) ------ ------ Sunna Intercession 1. To ask Allah for intercession. (Quran 39 :44, ex: Bukhari 614, Book Call to prayer) ------ Polytheistic Intercession. 1. Calling creation as intercessors of Allah (Quran 10 :18 & 35 :14 refuted by 40 :60 & 6 :56 etc.) ----- Doubt : The pious who passed hear du'a [due to living in barzakh (Quran 2:154)] Answer : The pious who passed can only hear Taslim. (Abi Dawud 2041, Hajj) Abu Hurairah reports The Prophet (ﷺ peace & blessings be upon him) said: **If you greet me Allah returns my soul to me** and I reply. Answer 2 : Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ peace and blessings be upon him) as saying: **Do not pray facing to the graves,** and do not sit on them. - Sahih Muslim 972, Janazah Jundub reported I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) five days before his death and he said: I stand acquitted before Allah that I took any one of you as friend, for Allah has taken me as His friend, as he took Ibrahim as His friend. Had I taken any one of my Ummah as a friend, I would have taken Abu Bakr as a friend. **Beware of who preceded you and used graves of their prophets and righteous men as places of worship, but you must not take graves as mosques; I forbid you to do that.** - Sahih Muslim 532, Book of Masjids. Abu Huraira reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “O Allah, do not turn my grave into an idol that is worshiped. Allah has 'crsd' people who take the graves of their prophets as places of worship.” Source: Musnad Aḥmad 7352 - Sahih Ahmad Shakir
جزاكم لله خيرا
Sunnah Tawassul is allowed (Quran 5 :35), calling Allah through:
1. His 99 or more names (Quran 7 :180)
2. One's own Good deeds (Quran 34 :37, ex: Bukhari 2215, Dealership)
3. Ask a reachable living one to make dua for you. (S. Bukhari 1010, Invoking for Rain)
4. One's Hardship. (Quran 28 :25 & Quran 19 :4)
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Haram/Bid'ah
1. Call Allah by rank or deed of Prophet Messengers or righteous. (Quran 2 :141 & 72 :23)
Abu Haneefah said, ‘It is not befitting for anyone to call upon Allaah, except by Him, and it is even more detestable for him to say: By the junctures of Honour from your Throne, or ‘By the Right of Your Creation.” [al-Fiqhul-Absat (p. 56)]
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Shirk
1. Calling creation or intercessors to Allah! (Quran 17 :56, refuted by verse 57, see top of this list & 72 :18 - 22)
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Sunna Intercession
1. To ask Allah for intercession. (Quran 39 :44, ex: Bukhari 614, Book Call to prayer)
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Polytheistic Intercession.
1. Calling creation as intercessors of Allah (Quran 10 :18 & 35 :14 refuted by 40 :60 & 6 :56 etc.)
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Doubt : The pious who passed hear du'a [due to living in barzakh (Quran 2:154)]
Answer : The pious who passed can only hear Taslim. (Abi Dawud 2041, Hajj)
Abu Hurairah reports The Prophet (ﷺ peace & blessings be upon him) said: **If you greet me Allah returns my soul to me** and I reply.
Answer 2 :
Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ peace and blessings be upon him) as saying:
**Do not pray facing to the graves,** and do not sit on them.
- Sahih Muslim 972, Janazah
Jundub reported I heard from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) five days before his death and he said: I stand acquitted before Allah that I took any one of you as friend, for Allah has taken me as His friend, as he took Ibrahim as His friend. Had I taken any one of my Ummah as a friend, I would have taken Abu Bakr as a friend. **Beware of who preceded you and used graves of their prophets and righteous men as places of worship, but you must not take graves as mosques; I forbid you to do that.**
- Sahih Muslim 532, Book of Masjids.
Abu Huraira reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “O Allah, do not turn my grave into an idol that is worshiped. Allah has 'crsd' people who take the graves of their prophets as places of worship.”
Source: Musnad Aḥmad 7352 - Sahih Ahmad Shakir