Great topic - I especially like learning about the Kassites, because I've been to the crumbling ziggurat at Agar Quf (Dur-Kurigalzu)... in fact I was involved in a firefight in the shadow of the structure.
Wow, that's awesome! I've always wanted to go to these lesser known places of antiquity. Most people know of Ur and Nineveh, but few know of even the existence of Dur-Kurigalzu. Super cool. Thanks for stopping by...stay safe!
idk if anyone else does this but when im studying about ancient history i sometimes root for specific factions, sorta making them the 'protagonists' in the story of history
I think a lot of us do this. Probably from playing too many “Civilization” games as a kid. I’m always rooting for Elam in these ancient Mesopotamian stories, even though their insolence was the cause of their own downfall. I tend to favor trading/mercantile peoples because that’s what I’d want to do in ancient times.
Kassites, Gutians, Cyrtians, Hurrians and Medes are the ancestors of modern Kurdish people. This explains why the much of the Kurdish dna is traced back to the Zagros mountains or what do you think?
From being a people almost noone heard of you give them their right place in our (very simplified) history books. Really interesting and well presented video! Thanks a lot!
Thank you, I really appreciate the kind words. There's more on Babylon before this time in other videos if you're interested - check out the Babylon / Babylonia playlist for that. Thanks again for stopping by, stay safe!
Whats funny is that if you did a short vid about where that statue of Marduk traveled, it would be amazing. Marduk definitely got to know the 4 winds, and the many waters of Mesopotamia, and its neighbors.
Was there an explanation from, Kashtiliash The 4th, of the goings on upon the same timeline as Tukulti - Ninutra The 1st's account? I mean, Im certain TN1 embellished, but this breaking of an oath to Shammash should not be glossed over.
From Mesopotamia they moved to Caspian and from Caspian they moved to kashmir(now conflicts land of India and Pakistan). In kasmir they have a great discovery a rice nowadays called marcy rice in Nepal which grows in cold and high altitude and extremely nutrients then normal rice. When population start to grow the land is not enough for food so they started to move Eastern parts of himalayas and went karnali (western part of nepal) and established a very powerful civilization and empire. The empire was from Afghanistan to central nepal. The empire was exist around 1100 ad. The big population of khas(kaaaites) lived in Nepal. You can search khas culture of karnali nepal in TH-cam. Khas are warriors community who were first people to play war with horse. They invade babylonia in around 1800 bc. I am also from khas community.
It’s been theorized that these guys were early Indo Europeans like the Hittites (the Mitanni are also theorized to be early Indo European rulers over a majority foreign language speaking people)
Yes, you're correct, that's definitely a very plausible theory. I find the one about the Mitanni fascinating too because the names of many of their rulers (Artatama, Shaushtatar, Tushratta etc) are Indo-European, so the theory is that there was an Indo-European ruling class or group of elites presiding over a mostly Hurrian-speaking population. Hard to prove definitively, but there is a good deal of evidence for this. Thanks though for stopping by, I really appreciate it and more to come soon!
Haha thanks, for me, studying history is like a drug...can't get enough! Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it! More to come, stay safe!
Kassites kings initially could be language Indo-Aryan speaking since they aren't Iranian Elamite speaking kings. Eventually they assimilated into the local Sumer speaking or Akkad speaking language people.
Excellent job on the period. I would like to have some comments on the museum findings of this Era. I am not referring to the tablets, which were explicitly covered
The Kassie’s and the Elamites were both from the Zagros mountains in modern Iran and possibly spoke related languages, that by itself never prevented armed conflict though.
The Kassites may be a branch of semi nomadic Kas tribe that wandered from Kosovo (or even west) to Nepal . There are many places like Kashi (India) , Kasi (China) , Khasan(Nepal), Kashmir , HinduKush , Kazakhastan , Caspian Sea , Caucasus Mountain , Khazaria and Upto Kosovo . And remember that Kashmir was part of Dardistan or Balkh region and Kosovo was part of Dardania or Balkan region . The names are pre Islamic . I am a Nepalese Khas .The name Nepal(Kathmandu City) and Napoli don't only sound similar but have same meaning too (New City) . Kathmandu , although getting destroyed by major earthquake once every 70-80 years still has far higher density of heritage structures that can easily surpass most of European cities which is very uncommon in South Asia. Nepalese Khukuri and Greek Kopis are similar . We say Tuppo to Tip ,Poko to Packet , Falam for Iron( Ferrum in Latin) , Jamara to Germinated seedling , Aran to working place of metalsmiths(Iron came from same word) , Joon to Moon ( Junius and Lunius both are same) , Khola to tiny river (Qala in Maltese) , Damaha to Drum and so many words that are not found in Sanskrit or Indic languages (except Himalayan) . Many of our festivals are similar to Iranian festivals of Navroz and even Halloween that is not found in Gangetic planes of India . This video made me more proud of our history . Kassites are not but Khas people that are semi nomadic that live from SouthEastern Europe to Nepal .
Kara-Indash using ancient (to him) Sumerian for this official proclamation reminds me of Medieval Western Europe's adapting/adopting Latin for official formalities of all sorts.
I'm really surprised that a nomadic mountain people were able to so successfully administer the large urban centers of Mesopotamia. Wouldn't their political/organizational systems have been vastly different from pre-Kassite-Babylon's? Or did they just more so focus on "international" matters like relations, war, and trade, while leaving the management of urban affairs to the locals?
@@adityanawani8134 Nomads took over agricultural civilizations literally all the time. It only stopped when gunpowder became widespread. The idea that they couldn't run cities is well ridiculous.
Not surprising at all, considering that these civilizations were pretty much designed to have a ruling class of "barbarian" origin. Sargon of Akkad was probably Amorite - who were desert-dwellers. Hammurabi of the old Babylonians as well. The Aramean nomads took over most of the Fertile Crescent. Gutians' and Kassites' ancestors were mountain dwellers. The Mitanni were Indo-Iranian nomads. It was more of a rule than exception. Nomads were militarily superior to farmers but waited for times of weakness to become the new ruling class of the settled communities.
''Dark age'' does not mean ''stagnation/lack of innovation''. ''Dark Age'' refers to ''Lack of information about that time period. As stated by yourself, during the Mesopotamian ''Dark age'' the regions still flourished under the Kassites. The exact same applies to the Medieval ''Dark Age''.
Yes, you are correct... the Kassite era was actually a stable and prosperous time overall for Babylonia. The Dark Age should be in reference to lack of written sources, at least in comparison to other periods of Babylonian history. Thanks!
My ears equate the sound of Kassite king names to Hittite king names ... looking at the time and general place of origin you noted, some possible connection occurred to me, and wouldn't surprise me.
Good as always. Forgive me if i'm wrong, but as far as i remember "dark ages" indicates a period that we don't have many written records. That's why it's called dark ages, if i'm not wrong.
Hi, and thanks for your comment. Yes, you're correct, that essentially is the definition of a "dark age." In future presentations, I"ll be sure to be more clear about this. Thanks for stopping by and please let me know if you have any other questions or comments. More to come, stay tuned!
@@HistorywithCy Over on the channel for the Penn Museum there is a great term that is used for times which were called 'Dark Ages' in the past. It is 'Less complex times'. I like it because there is no value judgement in the term.
It’s quite interesting that 40M Kurds that live in that exact area and have done so for millennia never get mentioned. Some of it caused by the politics of WW1 and a bit after. Sadly, if you don’t have your own country you don’t have ownership of your history. I suggest a more scientific approach going forward. Kurds are a huge part of the Neolithic revolution and its aftermath that re-shaped the world forever.
Kassites introduced horse and chariot to the area, and their leaders and gods had Indo-European names. They were likely a ruling elite who ruled over people with a different language groups. For sure they were Indo-Iranian.
Yeah I've heard other people say that too. I though know the exact place of origin, only that most scholars cite it to be somewhere in the Zagros mountains. Thanks for stopping by, I really appreciate it!
@@kurdisumeri1526 Kurds seem to be obsessed with connecting themselves to all the ancient Mesopotamian peoples, despite being the most recemt arrivals to Northern Mesopotamia along with Turkmens, one would think there would be more indications and references to them or ancestors in the 10s of thousands of inscriptions all over the place.
@@Hermesborugerdian yes i am pashtun. Shinwari is said to be son of Kasi who separated from its mother tribe and migrated northwards. Kasi is a tribe living in Balochistan. I dont know if its the same kassites or not. But shinwari and kasi have traditional foods similar to that of Persians.
Hi and thanks for your comment! Yes, I think I may even redo this video... or at least parts of it and release it. Thanks so much for the constructive criticism, I'll do my best to watch out for that in future!
@@HistorywithCy It's really hard for some people not to use fillers like "uh", myself included. Personally, I much prefer a natural and extemporaneous style of speaking, even if it includes "uhs", to a more polished but stiff and unnatural style that sounds like someone reading a Wikipedia article. So, I think you are doing just fine.
We still have those Kasside and Mitannies name in KURDISH LANGUAGE. By the way KUREGALZU Means “son of GALZU “ in Kurdish KARDU is KURDI NOW . Even those cities are own by Kurdish people still . And Kurdish Language is about 4000 years old . So please study in Kurdish you will see . Even now by Persian Arabic and Assyrian language they still Call KURDISH people KARDU - KARDA - KORDA so it’s real just study on please . S.Miran Mardini
The Cassians lived around the Caspian Sea. Mostly in the land that is located in Qazvin and Gilan today. Many people in this area consider themselves Kasis. Also, traces of them have been found. The name of the ancient city of Kashan in Iran is from these people.
Saddam Hussein dreamed of making Babylon a bustling seaport and the book of Revelation (future history) references the sea. Perhaps in the future the Euphrates is dredged out right up to the city. It says she will have economic relations with merchant-kings worldwide. Fascinating history-- where do you find this stuff?
@@hermescarraro3393 Ti sbagli! Lui mi ha scritto che capsce italiano perche' conosce portughese e spagnolo e che quando gli scrivo in italiano, lui migliora suo italiano. Comunque ti ringrazio che mi hai contatata. Sonp sicura che anche a te piaciono tanto le sue lezioni. Tanti saluti,
@@hermescarraro3393 Non c'e' problemma. Anche se italiano non e' una lingua importante come tedesco, francese, portughese, spagnolo, inglese, ruso, oramai anche cinese, la gente studia italiano perche' gli piace, perche' e' bellissima lingua. Io sapendo questo ho scritto in italiano e avevo ragione. Tanti saluti,🙋♀️
I can only learn about history and see modern times. Like take Babylon and replace it with Iraq and the stability Iraq represented in the region being between Iran and Saudi Arabia. Like Saddam was a horrible person, but a strong Iraq helped keep the peace a bit in the region, and all the chaos of various groups trying to get control of the region after the fall of Iraq is like what happened after the sack of Babylon. It’s the old history doesn’t repeat itself, but it rhymes.
Great video. I personally see the Kassite - Babylonian relationship as similar as that of the Romans and the Greeks, and as the Turks and the Arabs, and even the Arabs of the 7-th century and Sassanian Persians. A less civilized but militarily far more competent people conquers the territory of a far more civilized people but militarily way past its golden age. But then, instead of destroying the civilization, it co-opts it and makes it its own, thereby saving it for the future. P.S: What happened to tie History of Assyria series? Will there be a new video, covering the last century of the empire and its demise?
Yeah, that's how I tend to look at it as well - there are so many examples in history like this, some of which you mentioned. Macedonians/Greeks and Persians could also be another example. Speaking of the Assyria series, yes, I want to wrap it up by this summer, probably end of June. The reason is that after the first week of June, I'll have much more time to devote to those. When I started that series, what now seems like eons ago, I had no idea how much I didn't know. I just keep learning so much more interesting stuff about Assyrian history that I want to incorporate; so it's taking a bit longer than I had expected. I have the outlines for the final five in the series - Sargon II, Sennacherib, Esarhaddon, Ashurbanipal and finally one on the end of the Assyrian empire. I know it's been a while since I put one out but hopefully the wait will be worth it! Thanks again for stopping by the channel, I really appreciate it! More on Babylon, Assyria and others coming soon!
Hi, thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it! That's an interesting question, honestly I don't think anyone has found it. There is an instance during the Achaemenid period almost 1000 years later when king Xerxes melted down a statue of Marduk after a Babylonian revolt, but I don't know if that was the same statue (there may have been several of them in the Easagila). Maybe it'll be found some day, who knows. Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
Thank you for ur great content . The hypothetical origin of kassites in zagros mountains , is western Iran , not north west . Lorestan province , has many ancient cave which unfortunately due to lack authorities had been looted by smugglers . Examples are kalmakareh Cave , most famous . Doshe cave , kogan cave , so goes on .
Some of the Manneans in north-west Iran had Kassite names. The Neo-Assyrians referred to the Diyala/Sirvan river valleys of north-east Iraq and north-west Iran as the land of the Kassites. In the Bronze Age, the area of Lorestan appear to have been Gutian land, because they say that the Urmia Basin was the land of the Turrukeans, south of them(Kermanshah) were the Lullubi and south of them were the Gutians.
The following names of cities were translated to English from Hebrew; not all will be the same but there are many that are similar (also note that after their languages changed their names and the names of their gods changed - as noted also in the oracles of ancient Greece - also quoted below) Theophilus to Autolycus - Theophilus of Antioch wrote: "The first city was Babylon, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar (Mesopotamia - which means "land between the rivers" i.e. the Tigris and Euphrates). And their king was called Nebroth [Nimrod]. From these came Asshur (Asshur built Nineveh) , from whom also the Assyrians receive their name. And Nimrod built the cities Nineveh and Rehoboth, and Calah, and Resen, between Nineveh and Calah; and Nineveh became a very great city. And another son of Shem, the son of Noah, by name Mizraim, begat Ludim, and those called Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim, and Pathrusim, and Casluhim, out of whom came Philistin. Of the three sons of Noah, however, and of their death and genealogy, we have given a compendious register in the above-mentioned book. But now we will mention the remaining facts both concerning cities and kings, and the things that happened when there was one speech and one language. Before the dividing of the languages these fore-mentioned cities existed. But when men were about to be dispersed, they took counsel of their own judgment, and not at the instigation of God, to build a city, a tower whose top might reach into heaven, that they might make a glorious name to themselves. Since, therefore, they had dared, contrary to the will of God, to attempt a grand work, God destroyed their city, and overthrew their tower. From that time He confounded the languages of men, giving to each a different dialect. And similarly did the Sibyl (oracle of ancient Greece) speak, when she declared that wrath would come on the world. She says: -- "When are fulfilled the threats of the great God, With which He threatened men, when formerly In the Assyrian land they built a tower, And all were of one speech, and wished to rise Even till they climbed unto the starry heaven, Then the Immortal raised a mighty wind And laid upon them strong necessity; For when the wind threw down the mighty tower, Then rose among mankind fierce strife and hate. One speech was changed to many dialects, And earth was filled with divers tribes and kings." And so on. These things, then, happened in the land of the Chaldæans. And in the land of Canaan there was a city, by name Haran. And in these days, Pharaoh, who by the Egyptians (also known as the land of Mizraim by the ancient Hebrews) was also called Nechaoth, was first king of Egypt, and thus the kings followed in succession. And in the land of Shinar, among those called Chaldæans, the first king was Arioch, and next after him Ellasar, and after him Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, and after him Tidal, king of the nations called Assyrians. And there were five other cities in the territory of Ham, the son of Noah; the first called Sodom, then Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim, and Balah, which was also called Zoar. And the names of their kings are these: Bera, king of Sodom; Birsha, king of Gomorrah; Shinab, king of Admah; Shemeber, king of Zeboiim; Bela, king of Zoar, which is also called Kephalac. These served Chedorlaomer, the king of the Assyrians, for twelve years, and in the thirteenth year they revolted from Chedorlaomer; and thus it came to pass at that time that the four Assyrian kings waged war upon the five kings. This was the first commencement of making war on the earth; and they destroyed the giants Karnaim, and the strong nations that were with them in their city, and the Horites of the mountains called Seir, as far as the plain of Paran, which is by the wilderness. And at that time there was a righteous king called Melchisedek, in the city of Salem, which now is Jerusalem. This was the first priest of all priests of the Most High God; and from him the above-named city Hierosolyma was called Jerusalem. And from his time priests were found in all the earth. And after him reigned Abimelech in Gerar; and after him another Abimelech. Then reigned Ephron, surnamed the Hittite. Such are the names of the kings that were in former times. And the rest of the kings of the Assyrians, during an interval of many years, have been passed over in silence unrecorded, all writers narrating the events of our recent days. There were these kings of Assyria: Tiglath-Pileser, and after him Shalmaneser, then Sennacherib; and Adrammelech the Ethiopian, who also reigned over Egypt, was his triarch; -- though these things, in comparison with our books, are quite recent." Taken from ~ biblehub(dot)com/library/theophilus/theophilus_to_autolycus
Another note: The top of Mesopotamia is not far from the mountains of Ararat where the Ark landed - The flood was about 4400 years ago (ie 2344BC - this date is worked out in Lunar years of 360 days)
Oh awesome, that's really interesting. I've only seen the ruins of Eshnunna in photos, would love to explore the site one day. Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it. More to come, stay safe!
The homeland of Kassites is the Zagros Mountains. Kurdish people live in that region today. Kassites define themselves as Karduniash (Kurdiniash). Kassites (Karduniash) are the ancestors of the Kurds living in Mesopotamia and the Zagros today.
I think the term dark ages, in this case at least, refers to the paucity of written material. Much of the written material by the Kassites is inaccessible in that they are in very fragile conditions and difficult to recover without destroying the tablets.
Yes, you're correct... theirs was the longest ruling dynasty but there are relatively few contemporary documents and inscriptions from that time (save for kudurrus and bits from Assyrian annals) that tell us much about them. In large Babylon video I think I go into that in more detail. Thanks for watching, appreciate it!
in luri laguage from lorestan homeland af kassit pepole both words kur and kar means boy and man. even today we say kurilur , means son of lurs. and this words are indo europian . in norwigian kar means man. i think the kassit people were early scythians.
Do you know the term "Kassite trash"? I read that this is what the Assyriologists call the tablets of the Kassites, as they are often quite broken/decayed. No idea if that is a coincidence.
Haha no I don't actually remember ever reading that term, but it makes sense and see why Assyriologists would use it. One type of artifact that I didn't talk about in the video because it would have made it too long (though I showed images of them) are the kudurru stelae from the Kassite era. Those are really fascinating objects and some of the images carved onto them are quite beautiful.
The tablets of the Kassites pose a problem for "assyriologists", because they show a people that conquered not only through war, but through their words and their deeds. The Kassites came from the Himalaya, and they brought their Gods with them, making a very uncomfortable truth be confronted by people who are trained by pro zionist historians, and you'll not find the Kassites in the Bible...which tells you much
@@humblehurrian205 can you elaborate further? If you want just asking man. Im a bit thrown off by what you said. Do the Kassite tablets say they came from the Himalayas. Because most views of history source them in the Zagros.
@@HVLLOWS1999 well many if their words and names are actually of vedic deities and they often refer to names of mountains such as Meru. Also...the land of Kashmir is known to the Hindus as a place named for them...after their ancestral god Kassu. I suspect this to be Kishar...grandmother of Anu. Reality is far more interesting than fiction
@@humblehurrian205 I see. So what does this have to do with Assyria/Semetic peoples and the Bible? I genuinely want to know im not trying to be nit picky.
I note the value of continuing local tradition after you've successfully invaded a country like Babylonia ... if I may use the word country loosely ... The rootless Latin speakers establishing Rome admired and adopted much from Greek and Etruscan cultures. The Hittites were thought to have been IndoEuro folks who adapted themselves to, as the ruling class, a great deal of local gods, and added more to their pantheon with every conquest ... And also the Kassites in Babylonia? Begs the question ... how easy is it to drop the culture, if any, you rode in on? The mutineers from the Bounty were happy to go Native ... So do some invaders lack whatever they find in these settled places? Or they just admire so much more the uniqueness, or the resources, the weather, the crop yields, the appearance of the local ladiez....😉
I think that the Mitanni are likely of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-Europeans. Also, though the Kassites had traits much like Indo-Europeans, their language does not appear to belong to the same family.
Hi, thanks for stopping by! Yes, many do believe that the Mitanni, at least the ruling class, were of Indo-European origin. There's a very interesting treaty between the Mitanni king (I think Artatama, not sure) and Suppiluliuma where many Vedic gods along with others are invoked as witnesses. In future I'm going to explore these links and see what I can find. Once again, thanks for stopping by, I really appreciate it!
@@HistorywithCy I should have mentioned that I find your historical presentations very impressive. I was pleased to see that you have kept up to date with the latest scholarly work and brought it together into a clear and thorough summary.
Recently they found sample from near border of iraq which was ruled by mitanni and they have harappan ancestry no steppe ancestry in that.mitanni are indo aryan not indoiranian.
The Kassaite are one trip of kurds today and the language also the geography where they lived is the same where the kurds live today. Mountain and brave race of indo-Eouropean people.Let the historian ,DNA,specialist must follow the kurds in Middle East where they live in Turkey,Iran,Iraq and Syria so this geography is important for ind European race today.The kurds are still resisting against all who persecuting them today.
the makers of civilization, the Kassite or the Hettites or the Khasis or the Kasi or the Khasi; The Khasi are stil living and thriving in the North Eastern Hills of Meghalaya, the people called the Khasi. The only people who still erect monoliths and Megaliths, and the only people who claims to have erected monoliths and megaliths; these people are the starters of civilization and the Sumerians, the Phoenicians are decedents of the Kassites; just to mentioned that the Kassite and the Hettites is just a variation of name however they are one of the same people!
@@dikshachettri5026 and kurds are medes and sumarian and hurria and rawadi and shadadi and guttia and mitani and sasanid and ayubi and babani and lolo and hititis and kassiti and cardoxi and carduen and we Kurds until now using our medes name and language and our hurria and guttia land and our sumeri words and Sumer language and kurds language have more more similar 469 common word and glgamesh was kurdish gil means nation or people and gamesh means the female of ox and read soran hama rashid book then u know that Sumeri was Kurd.
thanks for this video , Kassites were an Iranian ethnic group and lived in the Zagros Mountains. Although the origin of Kassites is not certain, many scholars, according to archaeological, linguistic studies, and ancient written sources, have tended to target the Zagros Mountains (it is probable Luristan province) as their original homeland. They ruled Babylonia almost continuously from 17/16th to c.1155 BC. The Elamites conquered Babylonia in the 12th BC. Individual Kassites occupied important positions in the kingdom of Babylonia and even Karduniash. In accordance with the history, archaeology, and art of the Kassites, significant studies have been conducted outside Iran and the results have been published in books and articles, but no appropriate research has been done in Iran during this period. The discovery of a Kassite group of seals in Greece probably indicates cultural-political exchanges in that region. This paper studies the Kassite seals reflecting on the so-called Thebes treasure (Greece) and its findings referred to the Kassite group of the Late Bronze Age. The research method is descriptive-analytical (content) which is based on library studies. Many questions are addressed in this research, but the main questions are consisting of 1- Why and how were the Near Eastern Seals imported to Thebes into an Aegean palatial centres? 2 - How were the chronology and the usage of the seals? 3 - Were they also intended to be used as raw material? 4 - Was it because they were considered to be simple jewellery or because of their amuletic character? The seals are coming from various regions (Mesopotamia, Syria, Hittite Anatolia, Cyprus) and perhaps preserved all together in a wooden box. The meaning of this collection is enforced because of the other precious objects found with the seals revealing how this treasure represents the most important finding of Kassite archeology outside the Mesopotamia and its strong impact on the Greek culture. and Kassites and Elamite are the people whom named today LURS OR LURESTAN PEOPLE in east of Iraq and West Of Iran , , our Great Grandfathers are Sumerian (whom moved to south of iraq ) , Kassite and Elamite , Old Persia Cradle of Civilisations .. , in both Iraq and Iran ...
@Muslim terrisost, The Kassites and Elamite are the people whom named today LURS OR LURESTAN PEOPLE in east of Iraq and West Of Iran , Long Life Luristan and lur Ethnic , our Great Grandfathers are Sumerian , Kassite and Elamite , Old Persia Cradle of Civilizations .. Long Life Luristan and lur Ethnic , in both Iraq and Iran ...
@Muslim terrisostno you are wrong , sumerians said they came from near mountain besides many other evidences show they are from west of iran before iran became a country or name persia existe
@Muslim terrisost The Sumerians came from western Iran and eastern Iraq from the Kurdish and Kurdish tribes in the cities of Kermishnah, Ilam, Khanaqin, Kalar and Greater Lorestan, eastern Iraq and western Iran, as they are the Sumerians who lived in southern Iraq. Iraq and others, and on it, for example, we take the opinion of the specialists, especially the orientalists who studied the history of nations according to what was discovered in the middle of the land of Iraq, and not the opinion of ordinary people on this matter, since the scholars of history and the evidence of European orientalists confirmed that the basis of the Sumerians from this spot is my agency. Hindcock, it is likely: ((The Sumerians came from the Elamite Bata'iah region from Zakrost to Lorestan, where the Sumerians and the Elamites spoke a strange non-Semitic language, and both of them inherited from the ancestors of the Elamites one common culture, and both of them used cuneiform writing)) Hindcock was not satisfied with this opinion, but goes further, saying : ((As for the cuneiform writing, we do not know who was the one who used the cuneiform writing before
@Muslim terrisost The opinion of the orientalist Frankfurt: Frankfort supports what Hindcock brought and says: ((The swamp dwellers in western Iran still live today on the shores of the great lake of the Karun River in Lorestan, Khuzestan and the Bakhtiari areas. They build boats and huts from reeds, fish and keep buffaloes and cattle. It was prevalent in many parts of Persia at this period, and immigrants from such areas were always fully prepared to face life in an area such as the Euphrates delta. They brought it from western Persia, and at first they retained the highly interwoven geometric drawings that they used in their country of origin.) Dr. Ahmed Soussa's opinion: As for Dr. Ahmed Susa says about the Sumerians: ((The Sumerians were not the oldest settlers in Mesopotamia, meaning that there were other peoples who preceded them in settlement, especially the Semites)). But they represent a culture in the correct terms from western Iran.” Then he concludes by saying that “the language of the Sumerians is a foreign language alien to the region, so the Sumerians must have brought this language from a place other than Mesopotamia, which has a Semitic language, which we think is a place It is the region of Lorestan and Elam Al-Bataahiyah adjacent to the marshes region in southern Iraq and similar to it in its natural environment. There are no boundaries separating them, with evidence that the origin of the Sumerians is closer to the life of the marshes than the life of the countryside).
@Muslim terrisost Dr.'s. Fawzi Rashid: Dr. Fawzi Rashid says: (We believe that they are residents of the northeastern sections of Iraq and western Iran, who came to the southern part of it in the form of immigrant groups from the areas of Al-Lar, due to the increase in population that occurred in the northern sections, which became disproportionate to the amount of food produced by the region, and this increase led to the migration of the surplus And after each migration, the population increase begins anew until it leads to another migration, and each migratory group lived in a specific area of the southern section, and the areas inhabited by these migratory groups grew, developed and formed the well-known Sumerian city-states, and because the Sumerians came to the southern section of Iraq occurred in a period preceding the emergence of writing, so it is not possible to prove what we have mentioned conclusively.
Apparently, a lot of names that end i -ian are Armenian names. That is why when i was watching Game of Thrones, my friend is like "What is with these Armenian names?". My thoughts on that are that Robert E Howard might have made a subtle contribution when he contrived Conan the Barbarian. He called Conan a Cimmerian, and Cimmerians were from north of Armenia. Howard had coalesced much of his research into other books of fables and such, and might have inadvertently inspired a tradition of having exotic fantasy people with Armenian names that later writers used when they adopted many of the tropes of his work in their own creations. Then again, I could be totally wrong, but there you go.
We kassites are still alive, we call ourselves khas aryans , we moved eastwards from babylonia, to iran and move east to kashgad/kashmir area, both named after us, we moved more east inside the himalayas inside nepal. we still call ourselves khas aryans and we are 30% of the population of nepal, i am not sure about other places.
Hi, thanks for your comment. My family is also from India, specifically Mumbai. Hypothetically simply using similarity of their name to places, by that logic, couldn't they have also come from Kashan, Iran? It's definitely closer to Babylonia and would make more sense. I'm not saying that I believe that, but the point is that there are many places that people speculate the Kassites could have come from due to their name alone. These things are hard to if impossible to prove. That's why generally I use the info from professional archaeologists and historians who have devoted their life to studying these things. They use evidence that may or not disprove certain assumptions. Thanks though for comment... I'll take a look at Kashi, India.
The Kassites or Kashkas were step nomads from the Caucasus region of Russia. Kazakhstan is even named after them. They were an Aryan people who were drawn to the prosperity of Babylonia. They eventually became dominant.
You say it is unknown where, or of who they originated from. Actually if you read and understand the Bible, and the book of Enoch our great great great great great great grandfather you would know exactly where and who they originated from.
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب The fact that your using the word jinn leads me to believe you have read the Quran which was authored by the Catholic church. The Fact that you say jinn and demons leads me to believe you dont realize jinn and demons are the same thing, which would imply that you are ignorant. BUT what matters is the FACT that the original book of Enoch was alluded to in the book of Jude. Which tells you not only did it already exist when Jesus walked the earth but it was also accepted as truth written by our great great great great grandfather Enoch. The book of Enoch actually tells you how the jinn were created and why they are the evil ones not our great grandfather Enoch. I dont know how you can possibly get that backwards and totally wrong but I suspect its because you follow the false teachings of the evil Catholic church, who it is clearly documented fact created the Islamic religion.
Geez man. Slow. I’ve gotta look for the links to the other things just to hear you. And to this day we do not know if cy is cy or Cyril or syd… some things are just lost to history. Chris young? We’ll never know.
Yeah this was one of my first videos where I was still learning how to record and create visuals. I could probably take this one down now as most of this info is in the more recent 3 hour Babylon video. Haha and it's neither Cyril or Syd... lol.
Would it be that hard for them to conquer a city already in flames? And control the area? They had horses which are like an ancient superweapon and high speed train if no one else has them!
This series is the kind of history that makes people dislike learning history. You're listing names and dates, then more dates and names. Step back and find the larger themes of the history. Tell us WHY all these names are doing the things they're doing. Then the interminable lists of names and dates and names and dates will make sense. Then they'll be interesting.
I find irony between the Kassites foreign invasion and rule/take-over of Babylonia vs that of Hyksos and Egypt (also foreign take over of Egypt at about the same time period). Haneans? That’s new to me. Do you have a video on them? Thanks again!
@@Normal_boy123 The Kurds are Aryans, but it did not appear at that time. They were just tribes in Siberia, western Mongolia and Central Asia at that time.
Tracks are hiding all the time. Even today west blood lines want to divide rich teritories like midle east, central Asia, Siberia etc. Kas means midle run of horse. Kashka are the similar people with Kassites. Indoarians. Zagoras or Zagorje in main fact mean maountin range in serbish language. Laristan in Iran is a part where Sarbatic tribes onse lived. Lari represent house patrons that later become Saints in christianity. This cult of ancestors is preserved in Serbian culture till today, others have patrons of village. Sarbatic "Tropolj" (three-field empire)....Baltic, Balcan, Caucasus-Iranian Platou. All this tribes were part of arian insurgence to midle east, and India. Hittites are indoarian, sarbatic-schitian people mixed with Arabs, the same like Hurrits. They had Arian ruling families but also the Arian gods, like Indra nad others. Assyrian Sargon was also from northern teritories, former Urata (Arata culture) mixed with R1A Schitians. Sea people are also from Balcan peninsula (R1A and I group). To remind you, Alexander the great was Macedonian (not Greek), that conqer Greek lands moved on third arian "visits" to India. More than 50% of his army was of Sarbatic origins, only part of it consists of Doran Greeks who also came from Sarbatic lands (Roman provinces Iliria, Thracia, Dacia) few houndreds years earlier as sea people that destroyed Micean Minor-asian statehoods. Phrygians are exactly Brigians or Bregians that mean Mountain people. Minoans were part of Balcan Vinca culture (I group plus R1A) that were destroyed by R1B celtic and germanic tribes 4500 years ago (reduced man population for 12x). Together with Terra eruption this was the reason why Miceans filled the empty space of once Belazgians (Belas means whites) teritory but later pay the price to revenge. The same like Hitites who fight against Luwians. Arzawa means Rzav or redhaired people. Modern Greeks are partialy of Slavic and partialy of Minor-asiatic (Micean, Hitites) origins. Old Parthians, Iranians are similar to this people. Pashtuns (Sarbats are one of tribes), Balochi, Tajiks are the part of this people. These represents rest of Alexander army mixed with R1A Margiana Schitians, later Arabs and finaly Turks.
karduniash is the 'kurds' in ancient text of kassites. niash is a suffix like kurdi.kurdan.kurdiyekan.they are not an origin unknown people,in fact they are a noble dynasty and 'el' tribe of kurds.they are the ones who tamed horses and ride them well,also they are the same people who invented the wine 9000 years bc and called them xoma (modern day word 'coma' as in going into a coma comes from there x is h remember.)kassites are actually called xassus x is pronounced as h and rolled up in western language as kh like xorri(u call this ancient kurds as khurrians or so,thats also wrong called hor is sun and re is road thus makes them as the followers of sun or people of sun in meaning) so original word is xassu means good, healthy.pure and noble.siwaris(u know them as suburru which is wrong cause the pronounciation and meaning changes siwari means horsemen the riders),gutis who founded gutium are cousins to xassus... they are one ethnicity but different tribes that created their own states,also the kinggs nickname is kakrime means the elder of our road(wiseman)they are one of the first kingdom that call themselves as kardu.u will see this word in different ancient texts as karduk,corduene.gord.gordian,kird kirdas kirt kirtiye.kirmanc as such.akadians were invaders and also the asurians they dont belong that geography they came from south,thats why the hattis got help from xassis cause they basically same people against invaders by the ways the babil is their cousins too,bavilan is the tribe and bavil is the city kingdom and that name etimologically derived from the word bav not bab as in doors but in fact bav means father.ishtar is a very important name which is still very well alive in many languages today in form of star,karduks kurdis corduenes gordians kassites hatties guties they call her star or sterk and its still sacred amongst them and their descendents... some kurds are still praying in the name of her as of today...infact there is a prayer that goes ''ya diana el iye ser e sibe,ya ewara da ti,bane we dikim...'' means ''hey mother of the early mornings folks,hey bringer of the sacred evening i call you...''
I love how the Kassite names have a very alien sound to them, but in a totally different way than the Assyrian names, or Babylonian names.
Sci fi writers plagiarize history like no tomorrow
Thanks, I love this series. I wish I had been taught more about Bronze Age Civilizations in high school.
Great topic - I especially like learning about the Kassites, because I've been to the crumbling ziggurat at Agar Quf (Dur-Kurigalzu)... in fact I was involved in a firefight in the shadow of the structure.
Wow, that's awesome! I've always wanted to go to these lesser known places of antiquity. Most people know of Ur and Nineveh, but few know of even the existence of Dur-Kurigalzu. Super cool.
Thanks for stopping by...stay safe!
@@HistorywithCy Thanks for an excellent channel, just found it a day or so ago.
Those damn Elamites. Always at it!
Can't get a rest these days!
lol yeah and Assyrians
@@bullrun2772 But the Aryans exterminated the Elam and killed them when they took control of Iran
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب what you mean you got any evidence
@@bullrun2772 The Aryan immigrants killed the indigenous people of Iran such as Elam and took control of the region
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب not really
idk if anyone else does this but when im studying about ancient history i sometimes root for specific factions, sorta making them the 'protagonists' in the story of history
I do this to even if I know they're about to get rolled lol
I think a lot of us do this. Probably from playing too many “Civilization” games as a kid.
I’m always rooting for Elam in these ancient Mesopotamian stories, even though their insolence was the cause of their own downfall. I tend to favor trading/mercantile peoples because that’s what I’d want to do in ancient times.
every nation/culture gets "rolled" sooner or later. @@michaelhowze8198
Kassites, Gutians, Cyrtians, Hurrians and Medes are the ancestors of modern Kurdish people. This explains why the much of the Kurdish dna is traced back to the Zagros mountains or what do you think?
From being a people almost noone heard of you give them their right place in our (very simplified) history books. Really interesting and well presented video! Thanks a lot!
Thank you, I really appreciate the kind words. There's more on Babylon before this time in other videos if you're interested - check out the Babylon / Babylonia playlist for that. Thanks again for stopping by, stay safe!
Whats funny is that if you did a short vid about where that statue of Marduk traveled, it would be amazing. Marduk definitely got to know the 4 winds, and the many waters of Mesopotamia, and its neighbors.
Was there an explanation from, Kashtiliash The 4th, of the goings on upon the same timeline as Tukulti - Ninutra The 1st's account? I mean, Im certain TN1 embellished, but this breaking of an oath to Shammash should not be glossed over.
If you watch Olie bye's video on ancient Mesopotamia you will see how long the Kassites ruled Babylon. I was suprised at how long they did.
Yeah, they were the longest dynasty to do so!
36 thousand years is that right
And that was a ruler of ONE KING
Great episode, Kassites are really an enigma i think they were early indo european peoples simillar to Hittites and Mittani.
From Mesopotamia they moved to Caspian and from Caspian they moved to kashmir(now conflicts land of India and Pakistan). In kasmir they have a great discovery a rice nowadays called marcy rice in Nepal which grows in cold and high altitude and extremely nutrients then normal rice. When population start to grow the land is not enough for food so they started to move Eastern parts of himalayas and went karnali (western part of nepal) and established a very powerful civilization and empire. The empire was from Afghanistan to central nepal. The empire was exist around 1100 ad. The big population of khas(kaaaites) lived in Nepal. You can search khas culture of karnali nepal in TH-cam. Khas are warriors community who were first people to play war with horse. They invade babylonia in around 1800 bc. I am also from khas community.
It’s been theorized that these guys were early Indo Europeans like the Hittites (the Mitanni are also theorized to be early Indo European rulers over a majority foreign language speaking people)
Yes, you're correct, that's definitely a very plausible theory. I find the one about the Mitanni fascinating too because the names of many of their rulers (Artatama, Shaushtatar, Tushratta etc) are Indo-European, so the theory is that there was an Indo-European ruling class or group of elites presiding over a mostly Hurrian-speaking population. Hard to prove definitively, but there is a good deal of evidence for this.
Thanks though for stopping by, I really appreciate it and more to come soon!
BS you and your "European" theories lol
@@HistorywithCy if Greeks and Romans and Russians started out black. Then in what same logic would u use the word indo.
@Brian Mino Do yourself a favour and research a little bit from non-biblical sources. What you'll learn will shock you I think.
@@moneyflow5766 Yeah haha, crazy theories backed up by whacky linguistics, craaaazy archaeology, and best of all, loony DNA evidence!
Perfect and thank you for great illustration.
Thank you!
Your videos are addictive!
Haha thanks, for me, studying history is like a drug...can't get enough! Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it! More to come, stay safe!
I really like your channel and share your interest in ancient history. Thank you.
Keep up the great work dude and please do more on ancient Greece
Thank you! I'll be doing stuff on ancient Greece (a lot actually) in a few months...stay tuned!
Kassites kings initially could be language Indo-Aryan speaking since they aren't Iranian Elamite speaking kings. Eventually they assimilated into the local Sumer speaking or Akkad speaking language people.
No, the Aryans did not migrate from their homeland of Siberia or western Mongolia at this time. Those Semites like Elam, don't lie.
Excellent job on the period. I would like to have some comments on the museum findings of this Era. I am not referring to the tablets, which were explicitly covered
Hi, thanks for stopping by. I'm going to be putting out another version of this video... I"ll keep your suggestion in mind. Thanks!
The Kassie’s and the Elamites were both from the Zagros mountains in modern Iran and possibly spoke related languages, that by itself never prevented armed conflict though.
Thank you and I have profoundly connected . . .
The Kassites may be a branch of semi nomadic Kas tribe that wandered from Kosovo (or even west) to Nepal . There are many places like Kashi (India) , Kasi (China) , Khasan(Nepal), Kashmir , HinduKush , Kazakhastan , Caspian Sea , Caucasus Mountain , Khazaria and Upto Kosovo . And remember that Kashmir was part of Dardistan or Balkh region and Kosovo was part of Dardania or Balkan region . The names are pre Islamic . I am a Nepalese Khas .The name Nepal(Kathmandu City) and Napoli don't only sound similar but have same meaning too (New City) . Kathmandu , although getting destroyed by major earthquake once every 70-80 years still has far higher density of heritage structures that can easily surpass most of European cities which is very uncommon in South Asia. Nepalese Khukuri and Greek Kopis are similar . We say Tuppo to Tip ,Poko to Packet , Falam for Iron( Ferrum in Latin) , Jamara to Germinated seedling , Aran to working place of metalsmiths(Iron came from same word) , Joon to Moon ( Junius and Lunius both are same) , Khola to tiny river (Qala in Maltese) , Damaha to Drum and so many words that are not found in Sanskrit or Indic languages (except Himalayan) . Many of our festivals are similar to Iranian festivals of Navroz and even Halloween that is not found in Gangetic planes of India . This video made me more proud of our history . Kassites are not but Khas people that are semi nomadic that live from SouthEastern Europe to Nepal .
Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha, no, they were European Semites, they weren't sophisticated, and they were just cavemen.
What a trip
Kassites kürtlerin atalardır
😂😂 okay dude pass the joint already
Kara-Indash using ancient (to him) Sumerian for this official proclamation reminds me of Medieval Western Europe's adapting/adopting Latin for official formalities of all sorts.
I'm really surprised that a nomadic mountain people were able to so successfully administer the large urban centers of Mesopotamia. Wouldn't their political/organizational systems have been vastly different from pre-Kassite-Babylon's? Or did they just more so focus on "international" matters like relations, war, and trade, while leaving the management of urban affairs to the locals?
Mongols administered China.
@@adityanawani8134 Nomads took over agricultural civilizations literally all the time. It only stopped when gunpowder became widespread. The idea that they couldn't run cities is well ridiculous.
Not surprising at all, considering that these civilizations were pretty much designed to have a ruling class of "barbarian" origin.
Sargon of Akkad was probably Amorite - who were desert-dwellers.
Hammurabi of the old Babylonians as well.
The Aramean nomads took over most of the Fertile Crescent.
Gutians' and Kassites' ancestors were mountain dwellers.
The Mitanni were Indo-Iranian nomads.
It was more of a rule than exception. Nomads were militarily superior to farmers but waited for times of weakness to become the new ruling class of the settled communities.
''Dark age'' does not mean ''stagnation/lack of innovation''. ''Dark Age'' refers to ''Lack of information about that time period. As stated by yourself, during the Mesopotamian ''Dark age'' the regions still flourished under the Kassites.
The exact same applies to the Medieval ''Dark Age''.
Yes, you are correct... the Kassite era was actually a stable and prosperous time overall for Babylonia. The Dark Age should be in reference to lack of written sources, at least in comparison to other periods of Babylonian history. Thanks!
@@HistorywithCy Highly enjoying your videos good sir.
My ears equate the sound of Kassite king names to Hittite king names ... looking at the time and general place of origin you noted, some possible connection occurred to me, and wouldn't surprise me.
Good as always. Forgive me if i'm wrong, but as far as i remember "dark ages" indicates a period that we don't have many written records. That's why it's called dark ages, if i'm not wrong.
Hi, and thanks for your comment. Yes, you're correct, that essentially is the definition of a "dark age." In future presentations, I"ll be sure to be more clear about this. Thanks for stopping by and please let me know if you have any other questions or comments. More to come, stay tuned!
@@HistorywithCy Over on the channel for the Penn Museum there is a great term that is used for times which were called 'Dark Ages' in the past. It is 'Less complex times'. I like it because there is no value judgement in the term.
shoutout to the Kassites ❤
Hmm... Good video
It’s quite interesting that 40M Kurds that live in that exact area and have done so for millennia never get mentioned. Some of it caused by the politics of WW1 and a bit after. Sadly, if you don’t have your own country you don’t have ownership of your history. I suggest a more scientific approach going forward. Kurds are a huge part of the Neolithic revolution and its aftermath that re-shaped the world forever.
Kassites introduced horse and chariot to the area, and their leaders and gods had Indo-European names. They were likely a ruling elite who ruled over people with a different language groups.
For sure they were Indo-Iranian.
No, they were Semites, sorry, barbarians
I believe the city of kashan in the zagros mountain in iran is a place they might have originated from.
Yeah I've heard other people say that too. I though know the exact place of origin, only that most scholars cite it to be somewhere in the Zagros mountains.
Thanks for stopping by, I really appreciate it!
@@HistorywithCy and zagros mountains was kurdish mountains!
@@HistorywithCy kardan-iash Kurds
@@kurdisumeri1526 Kurds seem to be obsessed with connecting themselves to all the ancient Mesopotamian peoples, despite being the most recemt arrivals to Northern Mesopotamia along with Turkmens, one would think there would be more indications and references to them or ancestors in the 10s of thousands of inscriptions all over the place.
@NS funny, when were Kurds 1st mentioned in history?
I’m from where this civilization originated in Iran 😍
Is there any Shinwari tribe in Lorestan. Do they have native lands and villages in Iran?
@@naturemeditation7 Not in Lorestan province to my knowledge. Where are you from?
@@Hermesborugerdian i am from Shinwari tribe living on Pakistan and Afghanistan border.
@@naturemeditation7 Are you Pashtun?
@@Hermesborugerdian yes i am pashtun. Shinwari is said to be son of Kasi who separated from its mother tribe and migrated northwards. Kasi is a tribe living in Balochistan. I dont know if its the same kassites or not. But shinwari and kasi have traditional foods similar to that of Persians.
Can you do videos on the Amorites in all their shapes and forms?
I really enjoy this series. You do a great job. (Just one minor criticism: Could you refrain from uttering "Uh" so often?)
Hi and thanks for your comment! Yes, I think I may even redo this video... or at least parts of it and release it. Thanks so much for the constructive criticism, I'll do my best to watch out for that in future!
@@HistorywithCy It's really hard for some people not to use fillers like "uh", myself included. Personally, I much prefer a natural and extemporaneous style of speaking, even if it includes "uhs", to a more polished but stiff and unnatural style that sounds like someone reading a Wikipedia article. So, I think you are doing just fine.
oh the places Marduk has been and the things he's seen. too bad he didn't bring back souvenirs though.
lol
We still have those Kasside and Mitannies name in KURDISH LANGUAGE.
By the way KUREGALZU Means “son of GALZU “ in Kurdish KARDU is KURDI NOW . Even those cities are own by Kurdish people still . And Kurdish Language is about 4000 years old . So please study in Kurdish you will see .
Even now by Persian Arabic and Assyrian language they still Call KURDISH people KARDU - KARDA - KORDA so it’s real just study on please .
S.Miran Mardini
I’m Assyrian,
We call Kurds, Kurdish or kurdi
The Cassians lived around the Caspian Sea. Mostly in the land that is located in Qazvin and Gilan today.
Many people in this area consider themselves Kasis. Also, traces of them have been found. The name of the ancient city of Kashan in Iran is from these people.
No indigenous people were killed when the Aryan immigrants came
Nazi-Bugash... Thank you History with Cy!
Thank you for stopping by, I really appreciate it!
Saddam Hussein dreamed of making Babylon a bustling seaport and the book of Revelation (future history) references the sea. Perhaps in the future the Euphrates is dredged out right up to the city. It says she will have economic relations with merchant-kings worldwide.
Fascinating history-- where do you find this stuff?
Love the linguistic background. If you can't figure out what language family they came from, you will never understand their wars.
Molto, molto i teressante, grazie tante!
Non penso che sappia l'italiano Biljana...
😅
@@hermescarraro3393
Ti sbagli! Lui mi ha scritto che capsce italiano perche' conosce portughese e spagnolo e che quando gli scrivo in italiano, lui migliora suo italiano.
Comunque ti ringrazio che mi hai contatata. Sonp sicura che anche a te piaciono tanto le sue lezioni.
Tanti saluti,
@@biljanamilanovic1682
Ah.
In questo caso.
Ok.
Errore mio, scusa.
👋👍
@@hermescarraro3393
Non c'e' problemma. Anche se italiano non e' una lingua importante come tedesco, francese, portughese, spagnolo, inglese, ruso, oramai anche cinese, la gente studia italiano perche' gli piace, perche' e' bellissima lingua. Io sapendo questo ho scritto in italiano e avevo ragione.
Tanti saluti,🙋♀️
@@biljanamilanovic1682
Anche a te.
👋👋👋
I can only learn about history and see modern times. Like take Babylon and replace it with Iraq and the stability Iraq represented in the region being between Iran and Saudi Arabia. Like Saddam was a horrible person, but a strong Iraq helped keep the peace a bit in the region, and all the chaos of various groups trying to get control of the region after the fall of Iraq is like what happened after the sack of Babylon. It’s the old history doesn’t repeat itself, but it rhymes.
Great video. I personally see the Kassite - Babylonian relationship as similar as that of the Romans and the Greeks, and as the Turks and the Arabs, and even the Arabs of the 7-th century and Sassanian Persians.
A less civilized but militarily far more competent people conquers the territory of a far more civilized people but militarily way past its golden age. But then, instead of destroying the civilization, it co-opts it and makes it its own, thereby saving it for the future.
P.S: What happened to tie History of Assyria series? Will there be a new video, covering the last century of the empire and its demise?
Yeah, that's how I tend to look at it as well - there are so many examples in history like this, some of which you mentioned. Macedonians/Greeks and Persians could also be another example.
Speaking of the Assyria series, yes, I want to wrap it up by this summer, probably end of June. The reason is that after the first week of June, I'll have much more time to devote to those. When I started that series, what now seems like eons ago, I had no idea how much I didn't know. I just keep learning so much more interesting stuff about Assyrian history that I want to incorporate; so it's taking a bit longer than I had expected. I have the outlines for the final five in the series - Sargon II, Sennacherib, Esarhaddon, Ashurbanipal and finally one on the end of the Assyrian empire. I know it's been a while since I put one out but hopefully the wait will be worth it!
Thanks again for stopping by the channel, I really appreciate it! More on Babylon, Assyria and others coming soon!
Ahh the Chinese strategy very nice
Very enjoyable and educational episode. I would love if that statue of Marduk still existed.
Hi, thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it! That's an interesting question, honestly I don't think anyone has found it. There is an instance during the Achaemenid period almost 1000 years later when king Xerxes melted down a statue of Marduk after a Babylonian revolt, but I don't know if that was the same statue (there may have been several of them in the Easagila). Maybe it'll be found some day, who knows. Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
Thank you for ur great content .
The hypothetical origin of kassites in zagros mountains , is western Iran , not north west .
Lorestan province , has many ancient cave which unfortunately due to lack authorities had been looted by smugglers .
Examples are kalmakareh Cave , most famous .
Doshe cave , kogan cave , so goes on .
Some of the Manneans in north-west Iran had Kassite names.
The Neo-Assyrians referred to the Diyala/Sirvan river valleys of north-east Iraq and north-west Iran as the land of the Kassites.
In the Bronze Age, the area of Lorestan appear to have been Gutian land, because they say that the Urmia Basin was the land of the Turrukeans, south of them(Kermanshah) were the Lullubi and south of them were the Gutians.
What would say were the top 5 most important or most powerful Mesopotamian dynasties ?
Kurigalzu, kuri means son "gal" means great "son of great zu"
The following names of cities were translated to English from Hebrew; not all will be the same but there are many that are similar (also note that after their languages changed their names and the names of their gods changed - as noted also in the oracles of ancient Greece - also quoted below)
Theophilus to Autolycus - Theophilus of Antioch wrote:
"The first city was Babylon, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar (Mesopotamia - which means "land between the rivers" i.e. the Tigris and Euphrates). And their king was called Nebroth [Nimrod]. From these came Asshur (Asshur built Nineveh) , from whom also the Assyrians receive their name. And Nimrod built the cities Nineveh and Rehoboth, and Calah, and Resen, between Nineveh and Calah; and Nineveh became a very great city. And another son of Shem, the son of Noah, by name Mizraim, begat Ludim, and those called Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim, and Pathrusim, and Casluhim, out of whom came Philistin. Of the three sons of Noah, however, and of their death and genealogy, we have given a compendious register in the above-mentioned book. But now we will mention the remaining facts both concerning cities and kings, and the things that happened when there was one speech and one language. Before the dividing of the languages these fore-mentioned cities existed. But when men were about to be dispersed, they took counsel of their own judgment, and not at the instigation of God, to build a city, a tower whose top might reach into heaven, that they might make a glorious name to themselves. Since, therefore, they had dared, contrary to the will of God, to attempt a grand work, God destroyed their city, and overthrew their tower. From that time He confounded the languages of men, giving to each a different dialect. And similarly did the Sibyl (oracle of ancient Greece) speak, when she declared that wrath would come on the world. She says: --
"When are fulfilled the threats of the great God,
With which He threatened men, when formerly
In the Assyrian land they built a tower,
And all were of one speech, and wished to rise
Even till they climbed unto the starry heaven,
Then the Immortal raised a mighty wind
And laid upon them strong necessity;
For when the wind threw down the mighty tower,
Then rose among mankind fierce strife and hate.
One speech was changed to many dialects,
And earth was filled with divers tribes and kings."
And so on. These things, then, happened in the land of the Chaldæans. And in the land of Canaan there was a city, by name Haran. And in these days, Pharaoh, who by the Egyptians (also known as the land of Mizraim by the ancient Hebrews) was also called Nechaoth, was first king of Egypt, and thus the kings followed in succession. And in the land of Shinar, among those called Chaldæans, the first king was Arioch, and next after him Ellasar, and after him Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, and after him Tidal, king of the nations called Assyrians. And there were five other cities in the territory of Ham, the son of Noah; the first called Sodom, then Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim, and Balah, which was also called Zoar. And the names of their kings are these: Bera, king of Sodom; Birsha, king of Gomorrah; Shinab, king of Admah; Shemeber, king of Zeboiim; Bela, king of Zoar, which is also called Kephalac. These served Chedorlaomer, the king of the Assyrians, for twelve years, and in the thirteenth year they revolted from Chedorlaomer; and thus it came to pass at that time that the four Assyrian kings waged war upon the five kings. This was the first commencement of making war on the earth; and they destroyed the giants Karnaim, and the strong nations that were with them in their city, and the Horites of the mountains called Seir, as far as the plain of Paran, which is by the wilderness. And at that time there was a righteous king called Melchisedek, in the city of Salem, which now is Jerusalem. This was the first priest of all priests of the Most High God; and from him the above-named city Hierosolyma was called Jerusalem. And from his time priests were found in all the earth. And after him reigned Abimelech in Gerar; and after him another Abimelech. Then reigned Ephron, surnamed the Hittite. Such are the names of the kings that were in former times. And the rest of the kings of the Assyrians, during an interval of many years, have been passed over in silence unrecorded, all writers narrating the events of our recent days. There were these kings of Assyria: Tiglath-Pileser, and after him Shalmaneser, then Sennacherib; and Adrammelech the Ethiopian, who also reigned over Egypt, was his triarch; -- though these things, in comparison with our books, are quite recent."
Taken from ~ biblehub(dot)com/library/theophilus/theophilus_to_autolycus
Another note: The top of Mesopotamia is not far from the mountains of Ararat where the Ark landed - The flood was about 4400 years ago (ie 2344BC - this date is worked out in Lunar years of 360 days)
Iam from eshnunna {Diyala}
Oh awesome, that's really interesting. I've only seen the ruins of Eshnunna in photos, would love to explore the site one day. Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it. More to come, stay safe!
The homeland of Kassites is the Zagros Mountains. Kurdish people live in that region today. Kassites define themselves as Karduniash (Kurdiniash). Kassites (Karduniash) are the ancestors of the Kurds living in Mesopotamia and the Zagros today.
I think the term dark ages, in this case at least, refers to the paucity of written material. Much of the written material by the Kassites is inaccessible in that they are in very fragile conditions and difficult to recover without destroying the tablets.
Yes, you're correct... theirs was the longest ruling dynasty but there are relatively few contemporary documents and inscriptions from that time (save for kudurrus and bits from Assyrian annals) that tell us much about them. In large Babylon video I think I go into that in more detail. Thanks for watching, appreciate it!
in luri laguage from lorestan homeland af kassit pepole both words kur and kar means boy and man. even today we say kurilur , means son of lurs. and this words are indo europian . in norwigian kar means man. i think the kassit people were early scythians.
Lurs are tribal Persians.
Only the name is different. Some lurs who went South and took the geographical name Persia thus becoming Persian.
@@arabianinferno6918 I agree
Where would the City of UR be on a modern day map?
Kurds🌞👑.
Do please auf Parthian sassanid ayubid thanks 🙏🏼
Do you know the term "Kassite trash"? I read that this is what the Assyriologists call the tablets of the Kassites, as they are often quite broken/decayed. No idea if that is a coincidence.
Haha no I don't actually remember ever reading that term, but it makes sense and see why Assyriologists would use it. One type of artifact that I didn't talk about in the video because it would have made it too long (though I showed images of them) are the kudurru stelae from the Kassite era. Those are really fascinating objects and some of the images carved onto them are quite beautiful.
The tablets of the Kassites pose a problem for "assyriologists", because they show a people that conquered not only through war, but through their words and their deeds. The Kassites came from the Himalaya, and they brought their Gods with them, making a very uncomfortable truth be confronted by people who are trained by pro zionist historians, and you'll not find the Kassites in the Bible...which tells you much
@@humblehurrian205 can you elaborate further? If you want just asking man. Im a bit thrown off by what you said. Do the Kassite tablets say they came from the Himalayas. Because most views of history source them in the Zagros.
@@HVLLOWS1999 well many if their words and names are actually of vedic deities and they often refer to names of mountains such as Meru. Also...the land of Kashmir is known to the Hindus as a place named for them...after their ancestral god Kassu. I suspect this to be Kishar...grandmother of Anu.
Reality is far more interesting than fiction
@@humblehurrian205 I see. So what does this have to do with Assyria/Semetic peoples and the Bible? I genuinely want to know im not trying to be nit picky.
I believe 4th kassite king was named Abi-Ratta (Abhiratha)
I am kasi and we still in quetta pakistan we have long history
Are these people the same as Khas or Khasiyas of Himalayas ?
Maybe but they're for sure the same Kassians/Kasogs people of the north Caucasus
, today's Circassians
I note the value of continuing local tradition after you've successfully invaded a country like Babylonia ... if I may use the word country loosely ...
The rootless Latin speakers establishing Rome admired and adopted much from Greek and Etruscan cultures.
The Hittites were thought to have been IndoEuro folks who adapted themselves to, as the ruling class, a great deal of local gods, and added more to their pantheon with every conquest ...
And also the Kassites in Babylonia?
Begs the question ... how easy is it to drop the culture, if any, you rode in on?
The mutineers from the Bounty were happy to go Native ...
So do some invaders lack whatever they find in these settled places?
Or they just admire so much more the uniqueness, or the resources, the weather, the crop yields, the appearance of the local ladiez....😉
Heard Nazi Bugash wasn't a big fan of Judea
One does not simply walk into Babylon
Mesopotamia or sumerian dynasties ?
I think that the Mitanni are likely of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-Europeans. Also, though the Kassites had traits much like Indo-Europeans, their language does not appear to belong to the same family.
Hi, thanks for stopping by! Yes, many do believe that the Mitanni, at least the ruling class, were of Indo-European origin. There's a very interesting treaty between the Mitanni king (I think Artatama, not sure) and Suppiluliuma where many Vedic gods along with others are invoked as witnesses. In future I'm going to explore these links and see what I can find. Once again, thanks for stopping by, I really appreciate it!
@@HistorywithCy I should have mentioned that I find your historical presentations very impressive. I was pleased to see that you have kept up to date with the latest scholarly work and brought it together into a clear and thorough summary.
@@physbang Thank you! I'm actually redoing this video... the newer version should be out in a couple of weeks, stay tuned and thanks!
Kassites are also Origins , ancestors from US Kurds
Recently they found sample from near border of iraq which was ruled by mitanni and they have harappan ancestry no steppe ancestry in that.mitanni are indo aryan not indoiranian.
The Kassaite are one trip of kurds today and the language also the geography where they lived is the same where the kurds live today. Mountain and brave race of indo-Eouropean people.Let the historian ,DNA,specialist must follow the kurds in Middle East where they live in Turkey,Iran,Iraq and Syria so this geography is important for ind European race today.The kurds are still resisting against all who persecuting them today.
No, they are Semitic Aryans, they did not appear in the region during this period
the makers of civilization, the Kassite or the Hettites or the Khasis or the Kasi or the Khasi; The Khasi are stil living and thriving in the North Eastern Hills of Meghalaya, the people called the Khasi. The only people who still erect monoliths and Megaliths, and the only people who claims to have erected monoliths and megaliths; these people are the starters of civilization and the Sumerians, the Phoenicians are decedents of the Kassites; just to mentioned that the Kassite and the Hettites is just a variation of name however they are one of the same people!
@Muslim terrisosttoasted muslim what's so funny
These people were cousins to the Hittites. 😊
Every nation thinks other nations are more savage it’s pride. The native Americans in North America were a lot smarter than we teach.
Kassitis was kurd proud
Really ? Even the Khas people in Nepal. 😃
yes kassiti was kurd
@@dikshachettri5026 and kurds are medes and sumarian and hurria and rawadi and shadadi and guttia and mitani and sasanid and ayubi and babani and lolo and hititis and kassiti and cardoxi and carduen and we Kurds until now using our medes name and language and our hurria and guttia land and our sumeri words and Sumer language and kurds language have more more similar 469 common word and glgamesh was kurdish gil means nation or people and gamesh means the female of ox and read soran hama rashid book then u know that Sumeri was Kurd.
@@dikshachettri5026 hora, haha
@@kurdisumeri1526 wtf is wrong with you people.
Why does everyone want Babylon all the time? What is so important there? And more important, Is it Still There?
Yes it still exists but not as big as it used to be
thanks for this video , Kassites were an Iranian ethnic group and lived in the Zagros Mountains. Although the origin of Kassites is not certain, many scholars, according to archaeological, linguistic studies, and ancient written sources, have tended to target the Zagros Mountains (it is probable Luristan province) as their original homeland. They ruled Babylonia almost continuously from 17/16th to c.1155 BC. The Elamites conquered Babylonia in the 12th BC. Individual Kassites occupied important positions in the kingdom of Babylonia and even Karduniash. In accordance with the history, archaeology, and art of the Kassites, significant studies have been conducted outside Iran and the results have been published in books and articles, but no appropriate research has been done in Iran during this period. The discovery of a Kassite group of seals in Greece probably indicates cultural-political exchanges in that region. This paper studies the Kassite seals reflecting on the so-called Thebes treasure (Greece) and its findings referred to the Kassite group of the Late Bronze Age. The research method is descriptive-analytical (content) which is based on library studies. Many questions are addressed in this research, but the main questions are consisting of 1- Why and how were the Near Eastern Seals imported to Thebes into an Aegean palatial centres? 2 - How were the chronology and the usage of the seals? 3 - Were they also intended to be used as raw material? 4 - Was it because they were considered to be simple jewellery or because of their amuletic character? The seals are coming from various regions (Mesopotamia, Syria, Hittite Anatolia, Cyprus) and perhaps preserved all together in a wooden box. The meaning of this collection is enforced because of the other precious objects found with the seals revealing how this treasure represents the most important finding of Kassite archeology outside the Mesopotamia and its strong impact on the Greek culture. and Kassites and Elamite are the people whom named today LURS OR LURESTAN PEOPLE in east of Iraq and West Of Iran , , our Great Grandfathers are Sumerian (whom moved to south of iraq ) , Kassite and Elamite , Old Persia Cradle of Civilisations .. , in both Iraq and Iran ...
@Muslim terrisost, The Kassites and Elamite are the people whom named today LURS OR LURESTAN PEOPLE in east of Iraq and West Of Iran , Long Life Luristan and lur Ethnic , our Great Grandfathers are Sumerian , Kassite and Elamite , Old Persia Cradle of Civilizations .. Long Life Luristan and lur Ethnic , in both Iraq and Iran ...
@Muslim terrisostno you are wrong , sumerians said they came from near mountain besides many other evidences show they are from west of iran before iran became a country or name persia existe
@Muslim terrisost The Sumerians came from western Iran and eastern Iraq from the Kurdish and Kurdish tribes in the cities of Kermishnah, Ilam, Khanaqin, Kalar and Greater Lorestan, eastern Iraq and western Iran, as they are the Sumerians who lived in southern Iraq. Iraq and others, and on it, for example, we take the opinion of the specialists, especially the orientalists who studied the history of nations according to what was discovered in the middle of the land of Iraq, and not the opinion of ordinary people on this matter, since the scholars of history and the evidence of European orientalists confirmed that the basis of the Sumerians from this spot is my agency.
Hindcock, it is likely: ((The Sumerians came from the Elamite Bata'iah region from Zakrost to Lorestan, where the Sumerians and the Elamites spoke a strange non-Semitic language, and both of them inherited from the ancestors of the Elamites one common culture, and both of them used cuneiform writing)) Hindcock was not satisfied with this opinion, but goes further, saying : ((As for the cuneiform writing, we do not know who was the one who used the cuneiform writing before
@Muslim terrisost The opinion of the orientalist Frankfurt:
Frankfort supports what Hindcock brought and says: ((The swamp dwellers in western Iran still live today on the shores of the great lake of the Karun River in Lorestan, Khuzestan and the Bakhtiari areas. They build boats and huts from reeds, fish and keep buffaloes and cattle. It was prevalent in many parts of Persia at this period, and immigrants from such areas were always fully prepared to face life in an area such as the Euphrates delta. They brought it from western Persia, and at first they retained the highly interwoven geometric drawings that they used in their country of origin.)
Dr. Ahmed Soussa's opinion:
As for Dr. Ahmed Susa says about the Sumerians: ((The Sumerians were not the oldest settlers in Mesopotamia, meaning that there were other peoples who preceded them in settlement, especially the Semites)). But they represent a culture in the correct terms from western Iran.” Then he concludes by saying that “the language of the Sumerians is a foreign language alien to the region, so the Sumerians must have brought this language from a place other than Mesopotamia, which has a Semitic language, which we think is a place It is the region of Lorestan and Elam Al-Bataahiyah adjacent to the marshes region in southern Iraq and similar to it in its natural environment. There are no boundaries separating them, with evidence that the origin of the Sumerians is closer to the life of the marshes than the life of the countryside).
@Muslim terrisost Dr.'s. Fawzi Rashid:
Dr. Fawzi Rashid says:
(We believe that they are residents of the northeastern sections of Iraq and western Iran, who came to the southern part of it in the form of immigrant groups from the areas of Al-Lar, due to the increase in population that occurred in the northern sections, which became disproportionate to the amount of food produced by the region, and this increase led to the migration of the surplus And after each migration, the population increase begins anew until it leads to another migration, and each migratory group lived in a specific area of the southern section, and the areas inhabited by these migratory groups grew, developed and formed the well-known Sumerian city-states, and because the Sumerians came to the southern section of Iraq occurred in a period preceding the emergence of writing, so it is not possible to prove what we have mentioned conclusively.
it seams to me that the name kardashian sounds very babylonish...
thanks for the video .
haha that's funny... Karduniash! Kardashian is an Armenian name...not sure what it means though. Thanks for stopping by, more to come soon!
Apparently, a lot of names that end i -ian are Armenian names. That is why when i was watching Game of Thrones, my friend is like "What is with these Armenian names?". My thoughts on that are that Robert E Howard might have made a subtle contribution when he contrived Conan the Barbarian. He called Conan a Cimmerian, and Cimmerians were from north of Armenia. Howard had coalesced much of his research into other books of fables and such, and might have inadvertently inspired a tradition of having exotic fantasy people with Armenian names that later writers used when they adopted many of the tropes of his work in their own creations.
Then again, I could be totally wrong, but there you go.
Kassites hurrians gutians are all the same people
We kassites are still alive, we call ourselves khas aryans , we moved eastwards from babylonia, to iran and move east to kashgad/kashmir area, both named after us, we moved more east inside the himalayas inside nepal. we still call ourselves khas aryans and we are 30% of the population of nepal, i am not sure about other places.
🤡
Where is the Kurds✊
KARDUnyash
War for statue (that one)
those guys names sound like orc names
haha yeah I suppose they do...I love Lord of the Rings!
Kassite sounds far more elegant than the Akkadian they adopted. Kulassina Bel, means "they were all lord". Not very orc like.
@@humblehurrian205 first use of we wuz kangz 😂
Yes zargos is our history iran iraq border
Kish mins church Dorian not twistin kashat
KASSITES came from Kashi, India.. search about it
all the names in your kings list are North Indian local names
Hi, thanks for your comment. My family is also from India, specifically Mumbai. Hypothetically simply using similarity of their name to places, by that logic, couldn't they have also come from Kashan, Iran? It's definitely closer to Babylonia and would make more sense. I'm not saying that I believe that, but the point is that there are many places that people speculate the Kassites could have come from due to their name alone. These things are hard to if impossible to prove. That's why generally I use the info from professional archaeologists and historians who have devoted their life to studying these things. They use evidence that may or not disprove certain assumptions. Thanks though for comment... I'll take a look at Kashi, India.
Director Shubho Mukherjee herodotus referred to the kassites as “ethiopians from above egypt”. India was the child of the kush empire
The Kassites or Kashkas were step nomads from the Caucasus region of Russia. Kazakhstan is even named after them. They were an Aryan people who were drawn to the prosperity of Babylonia. They eventually became dominant.
T*rk 😂
Ils ne sont mystérieux que parce que nous sommes ignorants de leur histoire.cessez donc d'utiliser le mot mystère en histoire.
Urzi"guru"mash - it sounds like Indian crossed with Japanese O.o
All the videos you do are about the Giants. See Bible & book of Enoch.
Kurdish
No, the Aryans did not appear during this period
You say it is unknown where, or of who they originated from. Actually if you read and understand the Bible, and the book of Enoch our great great great great great great grandfather you would know exactly where and who they originated from.
The book of Enoch is a book authored and not one of the holy books, and it is a book that contains magic from the jinn and demons
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب The fact that your using the word jinn leads me to believe you have read the Quran which was authored by the Catholic church. The Fact that you say jinn and demons leads me to believe you dont realize jinn and demons are the same thing, which would imply that you are ignorant. BUT what matters is the FACT that the original book of Enoch was alluded to in the book of Jude. Which tells you not only did it already exist when Jesus walked the earth but it was also accepted as truth written by our great great great great grandfather Enoch. The book of Enoch actually tells you how the jinn were created and why they are the evil ones not our great grandfather Enoch. I dont know how you can possibly get that backwards and totally wrong but I suspect its because you follow the false teachings of the evil Catholic church, who it is clearly documented fact created the Islamic religion.
@@seaislevel7233 Idris has books but this book has huge amounts of magic written by demons
Kassites Kurds
Geez man. Slow. I’ve gotta look for the links to the other things just to hear you. And to this day we do not know if cy is cy or Cyril or syd… some things are just lost to history. Chris young? We’ll never know.
Yeah this was one of my first videos where I was still learning how to record and create visuals. I could probably take this one down now as most of this info is in the more recent 3 hour Babylon video. Haha and it's neither Cyril or Syd... lol.
@@HistorywithCy hope you know I was joking. Great video.
Would it be that hard for them to conquer a city already in flames? And control the area? They had horses which are like an ancient superweapon and high speed train if no one else has them!
This series is the kind of history that makes people dislike learning history. You're listing names and dates, then more dates and names.
Step back and find the larger themes of the history. Tell us WHY all these names are doing the things they're doing. Then the interminable lists of names and dates and names and dates will make sense. Then they'll be interesting.
i sort disagree with this channel imo
КАДЖ касид предки Армен каджанц тан
Babylonian kassaites = himalayan khasa
Go, you barbarians who worship the Scythians
I find irony between the Kassites foreign invasion and rule/take-over of Babylonia vs that of Hyksos and Egypt (also foreign take over of Egypt at about the same time period).
Haneans? That’s new to me. Do you have a video on them?
Thanks again!
End of Middle bronze age were a time of migration and invasions.The Mittani settled in the near east around the same time,maybe a century before.
Kardashian....well can they have evolved from here..can be as its an armenian surname
So who or what are the goo tians?
Guthians lol
kassites are kurdish
No, the Aryans did not appear at this time
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب How was it not seen, the Kurds were in this geography as the gutis in 2500 BC
@@Normal_boy123 The Kurds are Aryans, but it did not appear at that time. They were just tribes in Siberia, western Mongolia and Central Asia at that time.
@@عليياسر-ذ5ب searching gutian dynasty mittani dynasty bro
Kassite are the Kurds today.
Bra gyan. Not everthing is kurd
@@Sanmadaya for fact.they are not mangol or tater .
@@R.J.W1975 they are just kassit.
@@R.J.W1975 i know. They were not mongol, tatar or lur
@@R.J.W1975 to kurdi?
the original jews
Tracks are hiding all the time. Even today west blood lines want to divide rich teritories like midle east, central Asia, Siberia etc. Kas means midle run of horse. Kashka are the similar people with Kassites. Indoarians. Zagoras or Zagorje in main fact mean maountin range in serbish language. Laristan in Iran is a part where Sarbatic tribes onse lived. Lari represent house patrons that later become Saints in christianity. This cult of ancestors is preserved in Serbian culture till today, others have patrons of village. Sarbatic "Tropolj" (three-field empire)....Baltic, Balcan, Caucasus-Iranian Platou. All this tribes were part of arian insurgence to midle east, and India. Hittites are indoarian, sarbatic-schitian people mixed with Arabs, the same like Hurrits. They had Arian ruling families but also the Arian gods, like Indra nad others. Assyrian Sargon was also from northern teritories, former Urata (Arata culture) mixed with R1A Schitians. Sea people are also from Balcan peninsula (R1A and I group). To remind you, Alexander the great was Macedonian (not Greek), that conqer Greek lands moved on third arian "visits" to India. More than 50% of his army was of Sarbatic origins, only part of it consists of Doran Greeks who also came from Sarbatic lands (Roman provinces Iliria, Thracia, Dacia) few houndreds years earlier as sea people that destroyed Micean Minor-asian statehoods. Phrygians are exactly Brigians or Bregians that mean Mountain people. Minoans were part of Balcan Vinca culture (I group plus R1A) that were destroyed by R1B celtic and germanic tribes 4500 years ago (reduced man population for 12x). Together with Terra eruption this was the reason why Miceans filled the empty space of once Belazgians (Belas means whites) teritory but later pay the price to revenge. The same like Hitites who fight against Luwians. Arzawa means Rzav or redhaired people. Modern Greeks are partialy of Slavic and partialy of Minor-asiatic (Micean, Hitites) origins. Old Parthians, Iranians are similar to this people. Pashtuns (Sarbats are one of tribes), Balochi, Tajiks are the part of this people. These represents rest of Alexander army mixed with R1A Margiana Schitians, later Arabs and finaly Turks.
kassitis was kurd
karduniash is the 'kurds' in ancient text of kassites. niash is a suffix like kurdi.kurdan.kurdiyekan.they are not an origin unknown people,in fact they are a noble dynasty and 'el' tribe of kurds.they are the ones who tamed horses and ride them well,also they are the same people who invented the wine 9000 years bc and called them xoma (modern day word 'coma' as in going into a coma comes from there x is h remember.)kassites are actually called xassus x is pronounced as h and rolled up in western language as kh like xorri(u call this ancient kurds as khurrians or so,thats also wrong called hor is sun and re is road thus makes them as the followers of sun or people of sun in meaning) so original word is xassu means good, healthy.pure and noble.siwaris(u know them as suburru which is wrong cause the pronounciation and meaning changes siwari means horsemen the riders),gutis who founded gutium are cousins to xassus... they are one ethnicity but different tribes that created their own states,also the kinggs nickname is kakrime means the elder of our road(wiseman)they are one of the first kingdom that call themselves as kardu.u will see this word in different ancient texts as karduk,corduene.gord.gordian,kird kirdas kirt kirtiye.kirmanc as such.akadians were invaders and also the asurians they dont belong that geography they came from south,thats why the hattis got help from xassis cause they basically same people against invaders by the ways the babil is their cousins too,bavilan is the tribe and bavil is the city kingdom and that name etimologically derived from the word bav not bab as in doors but in fact bav means father.ishtar is a very important name which is still very well alive in many languages today in form of star,karduks kurdis corduenes gordians kassites hatties guties they call her star or sterk and its still sacred amongst them and their descendents... some kurds are still praying in the name of her as of today...infact there is a prayer that goes ''ya diana el iye ser e sibe,ya ewara da ti,bane we dikim...'' means ''hey mother of the early mornings folks,hey bringer of the sacred evening i call you...''
No, the Aryans did not appear in the region at this time
Lan karduişan şimdiki kürt demektir isim ortada