Another study just a little later than this one came to the exact opposite conclusion. They are definitely invertebrates... basically it's still a mystery.
The main evidence that disproves this conclusion is the same evidence that "proved" it. That light band goes past the eyes, which something a notochord fossil does *not* do. Were it actually a notochord, it would go from eye to tail.
I trust Scott! He seems so friendly and passionate about this I would love to have him as a professor and learn all about history and archaeology and what not from him!
Enthusiasm is a very appealing trait, be it is a 60 year old curator or a30 year old presenter. Surprised at the heavy handed way they open those nodules considering how valuable the contents might be.
Just want to express my appreciation for this channel and all the content you guys make! I love learning about all things in the natural world, and y'all make it so fun and engaging and bright!
NoName I don't have a source for you, but I heard this too. It's because the thing they thought was a notocord extends past the eyes, which is impossible in a vertebrate.
J A C E I have my doubts as to whether the eyes lined up with the brain. It is impossible for a notocord to extend past the brain. Look at the gill slits. That says primitive fish all the way.
I was not into science in HS, but I'm glad I've found a format of science I enjoy so that I am excited about staying informed so I can learn things like this!!
+JaagupKu Sort of, but what I thought was so fun about opening these fossils was that whatever organism was inside had been encapsulated for hundreds of millions of years.. and we got to be the first to see it! So neat.
Being a fish nerd, as soon as I saw that fossil showing what seemed to be layers of flesh, I instantly thought of the myomeres and myosepta of a fish! But that posterior is so reminiscent of a cuttlefish! convergent evolution?
Sykohsis Ehmee has a surplus of appealing qualities, and it follows that many of her fans, myself included, would find her attractive. However, she's not an instagram model and that's not appropriate. She covers this in, I believe, the "Where my ladies at?" video. I recommend giving it a watch.
I must say I appreciate all the creative ways you think of to put Soon Raccoon in the background. Also, I don't know why, but I'm a bit surprised by how small the Tully Monster is.
Emily, I really, really, really, really like hearing you say, "fern." You have such a warmly goofy way of saying that. I think I could sit around listening to you say that all night.
A 2017 study said Not a Vertebrate. It has the tail of a squid, stalked eyes like a snail and a beak like mouth like a squid. I vote for mollusk. Squids have very evolved eyes, clams have none, scallops have several. This may have been more closely related to a nudibranch. The phylum mollusca is so diverse.
The Tully monster was not a vertebrate. It has no bones, What they showed is that it was a chordate. All vertebrates are chordates but not all chordates are vertebrates.
Love your videos Em, I have been watching since the very beginning and await each video with baited breath. I have just one criticism... We are yet to see a Brain being scooped!!!
Keep up the great work Emily! These videos are an inspiration to all of us who have daughters. It is a place we can send them to see a curious, kick-ass woman!
magic ;) No there are places like stone quarry's that are known for a high denseness of fossils. I have visited a quarry here in Germany when i was a kid and there where fossils everywhere i literally stumbled upon one almost every day ;) because my elementary school was build of it.
Learn what the concretions in your area look like. We have some at a beach near us. Look for odd or dumbell looking shapes. The sandstone rock has built up around the fossil.
Just subscribed. So what's a nodule? Beside a rock with a surprise inside. How are they formed? How are they recognized? Are there some in my backyard?
+SlyPearTree There's a couple different types of geological nodules, but basically they are gatherings of minerals. With fossils, minerals gather around the nucleus of the fossil itself. They replace the organics with mineral and gradually form a, well, um, a "nodule" around the fossil. There are nodules formed by geothermal water, saturated with minerals, which flows into cracks and voids. Geodes are formed like that, as are some opals. There are also concretions of minerals which form on the bottom of the sea. Some are just mineral, some are possibly filled with a 'surprise' like a fossil or a geode.
This part of TH-cam always brings me faith in humanity, Emily and Trey are the best at this, btw Emily is my crush. Yup I had to say it... come on don't act like she isn't all yours too Besides that this is a gold channel.
You forgot to say why it's called the Tully monster, so I looked this up. It turns out the critter was discovered by an amateur fossil collector named Francis Tully. Pretty cool. Imagine finding something like that!
Yeah! We figured there is so much information out there about the history of the Tully monster that we didn't really need to go into all of it. There's a link to another Field Museum video in the description that is a very good overview.
0:45, There are not much weirder than squids or octopi. It’s just that we live along side those animals so it’s normal to us. If squids went extinct and we looked at their fossils we would think. “Wow what a bizarre creature, it had eight worm like things coming out of it’s body....Anyway you want some Tully Monster for lunch today?” Btw I wonder what they tasted like....
Probably an ancient early squid (just kinda different due to evolution) because of that white line because squids have something called a "pen" that supports the mantle so it could be like that just with the stalk eyes and a single "arm" with the "mouth/beak"
I'm glad that after busting open all those nodules they were able to HAMMER out the details of the Tully monster. It must be nice to get out of the well FERNished offices and get your hands dirty. Did the film crew stay to help clean up the broken rocks or did they just SPLIT?
Great video, as usual. But is the tully monster a vertebrate or a chordate? (as a side note, wouldn't it be better to bust the nodules in some kind of table, so that they didn't need to be prostrated?)
+Cole Czajkowski Sometimes we don't hear about a big discovery until it's ready to be announced publicly - so I reached out to Scott and Paul after some of the initial hype died down to figure out a way we could do an episode with some added element. We filmed this on April 18th.
***** Thanks. I actually started to volunteer at the museum as a paleo docent because of you. My goal is to one day have a career at the Field and I have you to thank.
That ice technique looks like a very easy way to do things properly... does someone have an idea of the ideal number of times to freeze-unfreeze the nodules?
+Heather Hsu: It would be awesome if the museum started selling 3D-printable model files for souvenirs! They could make them available to schools, too. So many opportunities to engage and educate. :D
What would be the evolutionary current family member of the Tully monster, should it exist today? Vertibrates are interesting especially when their size is so miniature. Thank you for sharing. Cheers
+im a comment J One unique thing about the Tully monster and other specimens found in nodules is that they're all from the Mazon Creek formation in Illinois!
Hey this video is really cool and all, but I heard the Field Museum has a ton of cool fish collections, when is there gunna be a video about that. That is all.
+WiWiPiWiWi Opabinia appeared to live some 200 million years before the Tully monster, so most likely not. Opabinia were also thought to be arthropods.
And he's been debunked by a more recent paper that says the white line is not a notochord. Tully Monsters are back to be of completely unknown taxonomy.
All nodules have a reason inside to be a concretion. Sad that smacking with a hammer is the fastest most efficient way to "mine" them. When you do it a LOT like Australian boulder opal, or crab/fish fossil miners have to, you get a feel for them on where and how to hit them without crossing the specimen with the break. At the rate of one per thousand (for Tule monsters) you see why the cost of freezing them first is not used commonly in the field. Stand fossil containing plates up in the mud for the splitting to be done naturally over the winter at the mine. Also proves they won't just dissolve in water.
Gonna throw a wrench into the argument. What does a fossilized mollusc comb(squid or cuttlefish) look like? The more I look at tully the more I see the potential. Snails and slugs have periscopic eyes like a lapriscope. The front protuberance kind of reminds me of a squid or an octopus... except where squid have 10 and octopus have 8, we see 1...has anyone seen a mouth hole much like on a snail or a slug?
I know it likely wouldn't able to do any (serious) harm to a human, but I'd still wouldn't want to be in the same waters as the Tully Monster. Thankfully they went extinct roughly 300 mya. Still, fascinating creature and more proof that evolution can come up with come truly amazing creatures. Makes me wonder what it came up with on other planets that had different conditions than our own,
Instead of cracking open the nodules with a hammer, would it be better to do something like in the Visible Human Program and just gradually slice and photograph the nodules? Seems like that process could also be automated.
How do nodules form? Did it start as a larger rock? Why are there fossils found inside some but not others? I presumed the body must have something to do with the concretion of dirt around the body but if some have no fossils this cant be true? My brain hurts! Can i borrow your scoop please? :)
Scott looks like he went to the field museum on a class trip, missed the bus back to school and now has spent his whole life there.
pipuk3
LAL
That joke isn't funny
Its just a joke
That joke is funny
George Henery Yeah
Another study just a little later than this one came to the exact opposite conclusion. They are definitely invertebrates... basically it's still a mystery.
aah what’s your problem? Micah is correct, subsequent studies have determined the opposite. The Tully Monster is just such a weird animal
The main evidence that disproves this conclusion is the same evidence that "proved" it.
That light band goes past the eyes, which something a notochord fossil does *not* do. Were it actually a notochord, it would go from eye to tail.
I just discovered the brain scoop today - it's awesome to see people that are so excited about science and passing on knowledge! !
I trust Scott! He seems so friendly and passionate about this I would love to have him as a professor and learn all about history and archaeology and what not from him!
Hell yeah!!! Love his passion of his field!!!!
Enthusiasm is a very appealing trait, be it is a 60 year old curator or a30 year old presenter. Surprised at the heavy handed way they open those nodules considering how valuable the contents might be.
Just want to express my appreciation for this channel and all the content you guys make! I love learning about all things in the natural world, and y'all make it so fun and engaging and bright!
it's not considered a vertebrate anymore
Do you have a source?
NoName I don't have a source for you, but I heard this too. It's because the thing they thought was a notocord extends past the eyes, which is impossible in a vertebrate.
More of a character on Sesame Street.
J A C E
I have my doubts as to whether the eyes lined up with the brain. It is impossible for a notocord to extend past the brain.
Look at the gill slits. That says primitive fish all the way.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/pala.12282 -- Not a vertebrate
I was not into science in HS, but I'm glad I've found a format of science I enjoy so that I am excited about staying informed so I can learn things like this!!
In which Emily takes exactly seven seconds to brighten your day immeasurably, with a cheesy euphemism.
Everything thereafter is a glorious bonus.
House Tully: Family, Duty, Honor.
Family, Duty, Monster.
intotheoceanbloo I wish this Tully monster was the Tully sigil.
Family, Duty,…Hodor!
Cracking open rocks is like opening card packs/cases in some videogames.
+JaagupKu Sort of, but what I thought was so fun about opening these fossils was that whatever organism was inside had been encapsulated for hundreds of millions of years.. and we got to be the first to see it! So neat.
Being a fish nerd, as soon as I saw that fossil showing what seemed to be layers of flesh, I instantly thought of the myomeres and myosepta of a fish! But that posterior is so reminiscent of a cuttlefish! convergent evolution?
Scishow covered this.. but I'll watch again because Emily
+Полиграфович Yeah, but they didn't feature the scientists who helped solve the mystery!
Yes, this was much cooler :) Nodules!
+Полиграфович :D awww thank you!!
yeah..Emily is cute
Sykohsis Ehmee has a surplus of appealing qualities, and it follows that many of her fans, myself included, would find her attractive. However, she's not an instagram model and that's not appropriate. She covers this in, I believe, the "Where my ladies at?" video. I recommend giving it a watch.
It looks like a creature from spore
ikr
There's still Tully Monsters on it!
Really cool video. what a great discovery. I only started watching the brain scoop about two weeks ago and now I've watched all the videos.
Nope, opening 5 Tully monsters in a row would be more akin to the odds of winning the lottery
Those are some pretty nice safety googles on Emily's face!
Quite protective and good looking.
and over her glasses!!!
I think this is the perfect occasion to say:
*HULK SMASH* ...some nodules to try and find Tully Monster.
your enthousiasm is contagious. thanks for sharing it 😄
A+ video. Really informative and easy to follow!
Emily how does someone tell if a rock is a nodule?
I read you're popular science TH-camr, it appeals to my interest, so I followed you. Cheers
I must say I appreciate all the creative ways you think of to put Soon Raccoon in the background. Also, I don't know why, but I'm a bit surprised by how small the Tully Monster is.
Am I the only one in love with this woman? She's so happy and passionate about her work
i think thas what a toothbrush would say to his MOUTH: 'you don't know what i am'
Emily, I really, really, really, really like hearing you say, "fern." You have such a warmly goofy way of saying that. I think I could sit around listening to you say that all night.
FERN. :) fern. Feeeeeeeerrrn
That's oddly specific. 😂😂
+Edgar Sandoval In Japan that's probably an entire genre of porn.
+Salvatore Shiggerino And if not, why not start now? GO, make your money.
They're so cute I wish they were still extant.
Give that man she talks to at the beginning his own radio show! He has a voice of gold, silky buttery goodness!
A 2017 study said Not a Vertebrate. It has the tail of a squid, stalked eyes like a snail and a beak like mouth like a squid. I vote for mollusk. Squids have very evolved eyes, clams have none, scallops have several. This may have been more closely related to a nudibranch. The phylum mollusca is so diverse.
What a cute lil fella. A snazzy dude.
Emily is always so cute and happy and excited. I love it.
That's an ingenious way of exposing the fossils.
The Tully monster was not a vertebrate. It has no bones, What they showed is that it was a chordate. All vertebrates are chordates but not all chordates are vertebrates.
Love your videos Em, I have been watching since the very beginning and await each video with baited breath. I have just one criticism... We are yet to see a Brain being scooped!!!
The Tully Monster always looked like something someone would cook up in Spore.
would some kind of x ray be an inefficient process of seeing if there is anything in it?
Wooo! Nice job Paul! We will have to talk about this next week in the lab!
Keep up the great work Emily! These videos are an inspiration to all of us who have daughters. It is a place we can send them to see a curious, kick-ass woman!
If all Tully monsters have are notochords, then they are not vertebrates, they are chordates, of which true vertebrates are a subset.
Where do they get those rocks and how do they know something is going to be in them?
magic ;)
No there are places like stone quarry's that are known for a high denseness of fossils. I have visited a quarry here in Germany when i was a kid and there where fossils everywhere i literally stumbled upon one almost every day ;) because my elementary school was build of it.
Learn what the concretions in your area look like. We have some at a beach near us. Look for odd or dumbell looking shapes. The sandstone rock has built up around the fossil.
Just subscribed.
So what's a nodule? Beside a rock with a surprise inside. How are they formed? How are they recognized? Are there some in my backyard?
+SlyPearTree There's a couple different types of geological nodules, but basically they are gatherings of minerals. With fossils, minerals gather around the nucleus of the fossil itself. They replace the organics with mineral and gradually form a, well, um, a "nodule" around the fossil. There are nodules formed by geothermal water, saturated with minerals, which flows into cracks and voids. Geodes are formed like that, as are some opals. There are also concretions of minerals which form on the bottom of the sea. Some are just mineral, some are possibly filled with a 'surprise' like a fossil or a geode.
This part of TH-cam always brings me faith in humanity, Emily and Trey are the best at this, btw Emily is my crush. Yup I had to say it... come on don't act like she isn't all yours too
Besides that this is a gold channel.
You forgot to say why it's called the Tully monster, so I looked this up. It turns out the critter was discovered by an amateur fossil collector named Francis Tully. Pretty cool. Imagine finding something like that!
Yeah! We figured there is so much information out there about the history of the Tully monster that we didn't really need to go into all of it. There's a link to another Field Museum video in the description that is a very good overview.
+Gary Cooper I thought it was because it was the first to appear on tullyvision.
@Philip Jones: 😸
I think there was a recent study done that disputed the claim that the Tully organism was a vertebrate
Longer videos please!
0:45, There are not much weirder than squids or octopi. It’s just that we live along side those animals so it’s normal to us. If squids went extinct and we looked at their fossils we would think. “Wow what a bizarre creature, it had eight worm like things coming out of it’s body....Anyway you want some Tully Monster for lunch today?”
Btw I wonder what they tasted like....
This is episode three or four in an ongoing debate. Scott speaks with way more confidence than the evidence justifies.
Probably an ancient early squid (just kinda different due to evolution) because of that white line because squids have something called a "pen" that supports the mantle so it could be like that just with the stalk eyes and a single "arm" with the "mouth/beak"
I'm glad that after busting open all those nodules they were able to HAMMER out the details of the Tully monster.
It must be nice to get out of the well FERNished offices and get your hands dirty. Did the film crew stay to help clean up the broken rocks or did they just SPLIT?
+sean statham you're done
awww am I being PUNished?
+thebrainscoop can you make more videos on animal disection? I am doing a school project and I need as much help as I can get
Great video, as usual.
But is the tully monster a vertebrate or a chordate?
(as a side note, wouldn't it be better to bust the nodules in some kind of table, so that they didn't need to be prostrated?)
We got this notification a few months ago at the museum, how long does it take to release these videos? Just curious. :)
+Cole Czajkowski Sometimes we don't hear about a big discovery until it's ready to be announced publicly - so I reached out to Scott and Paul after some of the initial hype died down to figure out a way we could do an episode with some added element. We filmed this on April 18th.
***** Thanks. I actually started to volunteer at the museum as a paleo docent because of you. My goal is to one day have a career at the Field and I have you to thank.
How do you know when you have a fossil nodule/ how to identify a nodule from a normal rock?
Oh god, that pun was glorious.
Cracking open rocks, what a wonderful science.
That ice technique looks like a very easy way to do things properly... does someone have an idea of the ideal number of times to freeze-unfreeze the nodules?
"It still has notacord on it!"
You should send one of the nodules to the Hydraulic Press Channel!
A frosen one...
It sort of looks like it has a the same fin and mantle set up as a squid! Are they at all related to modern Cephalopods?
+Scotty Nope, cephalopods are invertebrates!
Yes.When I first saw the Tully Monster,I thought that it looked somehat like a long, thin squid, friends.
It is such a wacky-looking creature.
Scott Lidgard was relly great, clear and interesting. Get him on more!
The part of me that is still 7 years old was so jealous that you got to do that.
Damn,Tully. Back at it again with the nodules!
Jokes on you, I just came from a video from 2020 where it says it's not
It'd be pretty awesome to fish in prehistoric waters...
+Vykk Draygo also TERRIFYING -- but then again, have you seen lamprey (the Tully's closest living relative)? they're.. nightmare fuel.
***** It would be terrifying, but also intensely fascinating, and entirely foreign.
Lamprey are pretty freaky, but equally cool!
'We need a bigger boat'
i honestly thought that its close relative is squid lol...
Can we purchase Tully monster models of our own?
+Heather Hsu: It would be awesome if the museum started selling 3D-printable model files for souvenirs! They could make them available to schools, too. So many opportunities to engage and educate. :D
+Joseph Davies Excellent idea!
This blew my mind.
thank you so much for these very interestingly ha bisky vid I love that you get to teach us about these creatures
You mean, it's like winning the loTULLY!
Now I have this strange feeling there's a muppet Tully Monster. Or there should be.
What I want to know is - how do these nodules form?? And how come there’s fossils in them??
I've busted a few nodules in Illinois Mazon Creek area but no Tully Monsters. I still have a few fine ferns
What would be the evolutionary current family member of the Tully monster, should it exist today? Vertibrates are interesting especially when their size is so miniature. Thank you for sharing. Cheers
They should have a movie about the Tully monster in the Universal monster movie universe
where can i find nodules
+im a comment J One unique thing about the Tully monster and other specimens found in nodules is that they're all from the Mazon Creek formation in Illinois!
***** wouldnt nodules form other places or again is it location specific
sooo... is this the field museum in Chicago?
I can just see some future paleontologist, watching this 100 years from now and recoiling at how this used to be done.
How has this held up? Is it still thought to be a vertebrate? If not, what is it supposed to be now? I’ll take a dozen please.
Both a nice fern and an ice fern!
Hey this video is really cool and all, but I heard the Field Museum has a ton of cool fish collections, when is there gunna be a video about that. That is all.
+OfficeHours Nice one Torey.
Family, Duty, Honor
Is this animal similar to the Opabinia? Or are they just both weird?
+WiWiPiWiWi Opabinia appeared to live some 200 million years before the Tully monster, so most likely not. Opabinia were also thought to be arthropods.
And he's been debunked by a more recent paper that says the white line is not a notochord. Tully Monsters are back to be of completely unknown taxonomy.
All nodules have a reason inside to be a concretion. Sad that smacking with a hammer is the fastest most efficient way to "mine" them. When you do it a LOT like Australian boulder opal, or crab/fish fossil miners have to, you get a feel for them on where and how to hit them without crossing the specimen with the break. At the rate of one per thousand (for Tule monsters) you see why the cost of freezing them first is not used commonly in the field. Stand fossil containing plates up in the mud for the splitting to be done naturally over the winter at the mine. Also proves they won't just dissolve in water.
It's an ICE fern, as you can see. :) 6:19
300 million, that is an awfully large number. Just can't accept that.
It looks like someone had some fun with Spore...
Great episode. Needs more Soon Racoon!
+GreyDevil Did you not see him.....?
if not.. we're getting better. :p
+thebrainscoop I didn't lol. You got me :D
I have some Tully monsters that i was given as a kid!
I've been lucky enough to hold one straight out of the pit!
So cool! Do they know yet more specifically where on the evolutionary tree it sat beyond be a vertebrate?
+Naiadryade It's closest living relatives are lampreys.
Gonna throw a wrench into the argument. What does a fossilized mollusc comb(squid or cuttlefish) look like? The more I look at tully the more I see the potential. Snails and slugs have periscopic eyes like a lapriscope. The front protuberance kind of reminds me of a squid or an octopus... except where squid have 10 and octopus have 8, we see 1...has anyone seen a mouth hole much like on a snail or a slug?
I was 3.75 minutes into the video before I noticed our raccoon friend.
I know it likely wouldn't able to do any (serious) harm to a human, but I'd still wouldn't want to be in the same waters as the Tully Monster. Thankfully they went extinct roughly 300 mya. Still, fascinating creature and more proof that evolution can come up with come truly amazing creatures.
Makes me wonder what it came up with on other planets that had different conditions than our own,
This is the coolest animal I've ever seen, how come I've never heard about it before? Truly alien.
Ryan N One year later late - I also didn't know too xD
So Kevin Nealon's brother studies fossils.
Instead of cracking open the nodules with a hammer, would it be better to do something like in the Visible Human Program and just gradually slice and photograph the nodules? Seems like that process could also be automated.
How do nodules form? Did it start as a larger rock? Why are there fossils found inside some but not others? I presumed the body must have something to do with the concretion of dirt around the body but if some have no fossils this cant be true? My brain hurts! Can i borrow your scoop please? :)
Was that Tully Monster at the end.... riding a Nano...?
when u bust a nodule