Waananga for P#2 - Te Kura Pounamu me te Tai Poutini

TUHUA
The island of Tūhua is the ancestral home of Te Whānau A Tauwhao ki Tūhua and is administered by the Tūhua Trust Board. Permits and bookings must be obtained from the kaitiaki before landing on the island, and unauthorised removal of obsidian is prohibited. Dubbed "The Mayor" by Captain James Cook who anchored in its lee of its bush-clad hills on the night of 3rd November 1769, it is thought by some to have received its original name of Tūhua from an island of a similar shape in the ancestral homeland of Hawaiiki, now known as Me'etia and situated south-east of Tahiti. Obsidian is a hard black volcanic glass formed by the rapid cooling of silica-rich lava. Tūhua, commonly referred to as Mayor Island, is an active shield volcano and one of the few places in New Zealand where obsidian occurs naturally. At least 52 volcanic eruptions have been documented by geologists as having occurred there in the last 130,000 years, although the last took place 6000 years ago. It is unusual for the diversity of eruption types, virtually every known style having been recorded, from Hawaiian fire-fountaining, to viscous lava domes, Plinian falls and ignimbrite ash flows. The obsidian was highly prized by Maori for tool and weapon making in pre-colonial times, prior to the introduction of iron by pakeha in the early 1800s.
POUNAMU
Ko Tuhua te maunga
Ko Arahura te awa
Ko Arahura te marae
Ko Tūhuru te whare tupuna
Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Waewae is are based at Arahura a short distance from Hokitika on West Coast.
Tūhuru was a chief of Ngāti Waewae, a hapū of Ngāi Tahu. He reached adulthood during a turbulent period in the Māori history of the South Island.
In the eighteenth century Ngāi Tahu from Canterbury went to the source of greenstone in the Arahura and Mawhera (Greymouth) regions of the West Coast, and fought with the local people, Ngāti Wairangi.
The final defeat of Ngāti Wairangi took place in the Paparoa Range, after which a meeting of Tūhuru and his party was held at Rūnanga.
Tūhuru and his people established a new pa at Mawhera and settled there. They were known as Poutini Ngāi Tahu, the Ngāi Tahu people of the West Coast.
PAKOHE
Ngāti Kuia are the Tāngata Whenua, the people of this place, Te Tauihu o Te Waka a Māui. We have a long association with Pakohe as the workers and traders of this stone. Pakohe is a taonga which is synonymous with Ngāti Kuia and symbolizes for the Ngāti Kuia people the intense nature of our relationship to the environment, and the mauri or life force that is contained in all parts of the natural environment and binds the spiritual and physical world. Pakohe incorporates the cultural value of Ngāti Kuia mauri; Ngāti Kuia has mana, whakapapa, and historical associations.
We have tikanga and kawa which involve tapu and noa to this taonga. We have a responsibility and an obligation to this taonga and its cultural, spiritual, historic, and traditional values.