Sowing jute and green gram intercrop for weed smothering and better economy , ICAR-C,RIJAF, India.

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 3 ต.ค. 2024
  • JUTE AND GREEN GRAM INTER CROPPING
    Asesh Kumar Ghorai and Asim Kumar Chakraborty Ex-Principal scientist (Agronomy) and Senior Scientist (Agril. Statistics), ICAR-CRIJAF, WB, India
    Jute and green gram is inter-cropped by modified CRIJAF multi-row seed drill in 1:1 (20cm : 20cm spacing) ratio.The hole size in drums for jute seeds are 2.2 mm (diameter) and for green gram the hole sizes are of diameter 5-6 mm.It is sown from 15th March to 30th March in prepared jute field with a basal fertiliser dose of N: P : K2O :: 20:70:70. Early sowing is done to prevent green gram pods from damage by rainfall.In onion or potato or vegetable fields initial nitrogen can be skipped. Jute variety recommended now in JRO-BA3 ( premature flowering resistant variety and short duration (55-60 DAS) YMV resistant green gram varieties are Virat and TMB 37. Green gram cultivars like Pant mung 5, Samrat, Sukumar etc can also be used. Jute seed rate is only 2kg/ha and green gram seed rate is 10.5 kg/ha. Green gram seeds to be treated with a good insecticide to prevent bird eating. Jute seeds to be treated with Bavistin @ 2g/kg seed.
    Following sowing one irrigation is applied and Pretilachlor 50 EC is sprayed @ 3ml/l (600 lit. water per ha) at 48 hours of sowing for initial weed control. Jute plant population of 30/m2 and 20 /m2 is enough for good yield and to avoid partial shade by each other. For control of sucking insects (vector control) and initial fungal attack mixture of Imidacloprid 0.5 ml + 1.5 g Bavistin per lit water is sprayed at 15 days intervals twice Pulse pod sucking bugs can be controlled by Deltamethrin 1.5 ml/l. For pulse borer control Emamectin benzoate 10 g in 30 lit water, or any other effective lepidopteran control insecticide can be sprayed.
    Irrigation and nitrogen top dressing to be with hold till harvesting of green gram (55-65 DAS). Apply 30 kg nitrogen with irrigation after green gram harvest. After another 15 days top dress another 15 kg nitrogen. In case of damp weather Dithane M 45 can be sprayed @ 2.5 g/l to avoid fungal attack of pods.
    This intercropping system eliminated 2nd and 3rd weeding by weed smothering (green gram reduces light entry below its canopy by more than 95% at 35 DAS) and adds 2-3 t nitrogen rich biomass/ha (2.35 % nitrogen on dry weight basis) in soil. Pulse yield : 3-6 q/ha depending on rainfall and number of pickings.
    Jute fibre yield: 27-33 q/ha In mixed cropping the fibre yield is 27-30q/ha and that of green gram is 2-3 q/ha. In relay crop jute is sown after 1st picking of green gram pods. Ten days after 1st picking green gram or black gram plants are removed. Here pulse yield varies up to 9-15 q/ha jute crop yield varies from 30-35q/ha depending on irrigation facility. Insurance crop: Under early waterlogging (70 DAS) or hail storm green gram acts as insurance crop yield .
    Reference: A.K. Ghorai, Mukesh Kumar and C.S. Kar (2016). Intercropping in jute with greengram for weed smothering. Ind.J. weed sci. 48(3): 343-344

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