@@theskyspire Lol, I think that you have a bias towards Android if you make such ridiculous claims. Besides that if you look up the most popular programming languages, Java and Swift are always on those lists. Kotlin on the other hand isn't. So, Kotlin isn't as big as you claim it to be. Lastly, this video was made in 2018.
0:31 C / C++ - high efficiency 1:54 Java - portability 3:52 Python - machine learning, general purpose 5:27 JavaScript 6:44 PHP - web development, great for freelancers 8:09 Swift - mobile app development 9:51 SQL - work with relational databases 12:11 C# - Microsoft products 13:21 Ruby
4:23 - With C and C++, you do not have to *rewrite* code for different platforms. As long as your code is cross-platform (not hard to achieve if you make this is a requirement from the beginning), then you need only *recompile* for each platform. I.e. C and C++ are write once, compile anywhere. Java is compile once, run anywhere (via the JVM).
I was bothered by his comment about C++ needs rewriting also. I could not think of a reason why I need to do that. But I am not proficient in C++, I am confused a bit by that. Thanks for confirming this. It's actually what I was thinking, except I wasn't sure. For that, I thank you. It has saved my time. If I didn't see you comment, I may have to google for the reason for a while.
It could happen that you write non-portable code in C++ (unintentionally relying on features of the OS or platform). In that case, you will have rewrite or rework the non-portable parts to get those to work on another platform. But if you are aware of this from the beginning, the cases where you have extra work to do will be very small or nonexistent, and you will end up with a more stable product anyway.
Your right... but your not . Odds are you will need to eventually need to use some OS specific features, Java handles this for you, like handling IO stuff. You can have shared libs, but you WILL have to re-write tons of stuff. Plus C and C++ are just harder than Java and C#- these are just facts. Modern compilers are so good most applications can be programmed in a higher language just fine.
Yes, IO eventually uses OS-specific features, but these OS-specifics are already abstracted away for you via the standard library. In C++ you may also write your own cross-platform layer (so that you can use the same code for all systems). In Java this is also possible but you will probably have to use the JNI, which is basically just an interface to code compiled C/C++ code anyway. Yes, modern *compilers* are good (C++ compilers), so use them to take full advantage of your hardware.
I think JavaScript was originally designed as a web-based compliment to Java. Hence the functions of the same name like "CharAt" and "IndexOf". C is simple and excutes fast. JavaScript has quick development time. Java is somewhere in the middle with execution speed and development time. Begin Rant: Java... not a fan. Way too complex for the sucky performance. Also, I am not sure what the hell people think they are "encapsulating" when they wrap every damn variable into a getter and setter method. Maybe it's an adapter pattern because no one can commit to the implementation of how to grab a public variable?
THANK YOU this was so helpful! I feel like most people online assess the different modern languages from a purely technical standpoint, but you laid them out by the way they're actually used in the real world which is exactly what I was looking for.
Glad I could help. Most people online talking about code, are still relatively new to the game, and have not too much industry experience ... that's why they only talk about the technical aspects. In time, developers learn that the language is just a tool ... and one of many.
The technical aspects of code have turned me off coding courses for years. Having this highly level conceptual comparison grounded in practical use from experience makes these "places" seem way more accessible. A bit like learning or getting to know a new city. Maybe that's my domain specialism. Enjoyed the analogies to martial arts as well. Analogies and metaphors are powerful learning tools, even more so when the learner can get the to a point where they can use their own.
My old programming teacher has a shrieking harpy voice that really "helps" when you're trying to learn how the hell C++ works, without failing your grade. You on the other hand, have a very calm manner of speaking that actually majkes all this intimidating information digestable. Kudos!
"Scripting language" is a meaningless term. It just says that the given language is "good for scripting", which is as irrelevant to the language spec as whether the most popular implementation is compiled or interpreted. Implementation details and usage are separate from language definitions. JavaScript, as defined by the ECMAScript standard ES2015, is a full-fledged, prototype-based multi-paradigm (chiefly: imperative, structural, object oriented, functional) dynamic inferred nominal weak duck-typed managed programming language. HTML and CSS, on the other hand, are domain-specific single-paradigm (declarative) languages. What do these words mean: * prototype-based - JavaScript implements a rarely-seen form of object inheritance called a prototype chain. In the domain of OO, prototypal and classical are the two major players. * multi-paradigm - Supports multiple programming paradigms * imperative - Any turing-complete language is bound to support imperative. This is the usual statement-for-statement do-this-and-do-that kind of programming. * structural - The ability to reuse and structure code into data structures and subroutines (aka functions/methods) is characteristic of this paradigm. * object oriented - Program behavior is distributed amongst self-contained data structures that contain methods for working with their own data. You can see how there is a logical evolution from imperative -> structural -> object oriented. * functional - focused on pure functions as defined in mathematics, follows closely the ideas of lambda calculus. Functional programming tends to gravitate towards functions-as-data and list processing. E.g. a common idiom is [1,2,3,4,5].map(x => x * x); // [1, 4, 9, 16, 25] * declarative - focused on the end result rather than the technical details. "Say what you want" rather than "Say how to do it". Dispatch tables are an excellent example of applied declarative style, and I am personally a huge fan of declarative and functional. * dynamic/static - this refers to type checking. A type system is static if types are checked before run time, whereas it is dynamic if types are checked during run time. This and inferred/manifest are the major differences between languages like C and JavaScript. * inferred/manifest - types are _inferred_ from data or must be explicitly stated by the programmer (manifest). It's the difference between `int foo = 5;` and `let foo = 5;` * nominal/structural - most langs are nominal. Types are determined to be the same based on type name/signature (nominal) or by looking at the structure of the compared objects. In JavaScript, the only thing telling you that {a: 5} and {a: 5} are the same type is the type name "object". They cannot be compared for type compatibility based on structure. Technically, everything in Javascript (except null and undefined) is an object of some form. IIRC, Go has structural typing. Which means two different structures with the same content will compare equal in type. * weak/strong - a bit fuzzy with where lines are drawn, but this refers to what is tolerated by the type system. C has a weak type system because everything is technically a number, except for structs and unions which are more of a "syntax sugar" thing that is handled by the implementation. You can add an `int` to a `char *` and get an offset of a string. You can call malloc() without casting, as it is implicitly converted to the correct pointer type. C++, by contrast, has strong typing, which makes it painful to write C code because C's idioms are often based on the advantages of weak typing, which C++ disallows. C++ is commonly called a "superset" of C, which is false and the two languages are actually very incompatible. If A is a superset of B, then all valid B programs are also valid A programs. Since you are required to do things like casting malloc explicitly, this means that you can't compile a (valid) C program with a C++ compiler and be guaranteed a successful compilation. And vice versa. C++ is a misleading name. Don't fall for it. * duck typing - a subclass of weak typing. If it looks, acts and sounds like a duck, then it's a duck. This is in reference to the way JavaScript mangles types and overcomplicates operations when two different types are being operated on. "5" + 5.0, [] + {}, {} + [], [] + [], [] + 5, "5" == 5. These are operations you would expect to fail because none of them make any sense, but with duck typing, you get "55", "[object Object]", 0, "", "5", and true. Duck typing is the implicit conversion of one type to another type, and this kind of idiot-proofing it is the source of a great many bugs in JavaScript programs. * managed/unmanaged - Whether memory is managed automatically. C is unmanaged. JS, Python, Common Lisp, Java and C# are all managed languages, which means they have integrated garbage collection.
C++ has changed quite much in the past 2 decades, there has been a lot of change and addition that makes programming in it easier and in some ways there' s a lot more functionality like with higher level languages, though the hardcore low level programming style is still possible where needed.
C/C++ compile directly to assembly (CPU instruction set) whereas Java compiles to bytecode and runs on the JVM. Scripting languages are not compiled at all and are run through an interpreter. Great overview video.
Java is run through a JIT or Just in time compiler. It is rarely or never run through an interpreter. It would be true to say that most scripters run by interpretation, but there are levels. Bash is a script that is directly interpreted, Python compiles to intermediate form (.pyc files). Typically the higher level of abstractions the language deals with the less advantage there is to full machine code compilation. A language that deals with strings is not going to get as much advantage from compilation, because it spends most of its time in string handling routines.
Yes, that's what I meant with 'compiled at runtime', because the highest performing scripting languages like Javascript also use JIT. Java like Python also compiled to an intermediate form, that's the bytecode that was mentioned by the OP. To give you some idea of how fast a 'just a scripting language' like Javascript with JIT can be: C is usually still faster than Java in most cases. And when people create micro benchmarks to compare C to Javascript they usually make mistakes in finding the best way to optimize their C code. And in most of those cases Javascript is faster. So only if the C coder got all optimizations right, C will be faster. That is how fast Javascript is these days.
@@Traumatree JVM also uses JIT. You do know JIT is automatically generated directly running compiled assembly code right ? Most of the slowdown from JVM comes from memory management and it's size (lots of disk accesses, just look at a JVM startup). And in case of Javascript it's the memory management and dynamic typing. Anyway... what about Rust ? That looks pretty good, C-like speed, etc. and safe memory handling and even unsafe if you need it. More and more code is being written in Rust now.
Kotlin is based on the JVM. It creates VERY similar bytecode to Java. So speed is nearly the same in most cases. Only thing I know of were Kotlin is faster than Java on the JVM is higher order functions like map or filter, because the guys at Jetbrains really optimized bytecode creation here. The other thing is that one is faster writing Kotlin than Java.
Java is not that slow, yes it's slower than C but not that considerably(very roughly 2-3 times slower). Also modern C++ is definitely not just a "low level language", it's a generic language where you can write both high level and low level code. Modern C++ code is actually not much more complex to handle than what Java is, unless you really-really want to do some C++ trickery. The memory management headaches of C++ are a thing of the past.
For warmed up modern JVM versions its more like 5-20% difference in normal conditions and in some cases Java is even faster than C ( I tested it by comparing around 10000 runs of simple programs in C and Java that calculate large Fibonacci numbers ) . And with G1 GC and JIT sometimes apps are even faster since C2 compiler can optimize them very well.
Don't waste your time. This guy wants to get tons of views on a highly-hyped topic (programming). I watched some other his videos and he doesn't seem to be a very good software developer / engineer
Java is slower. But it's OK because it just works. You know that once you finish the code it will run (99% of the times) without problems. C++ might run into weird exceptions and memory errors. Also dlls. You made a costum calculator in Cpp? Take these 15MB of .dll files.
I was just going to say this. Cython, Numba definitly improve Python speed for many different task. Also, if you spend some time reviewing your code you can gain performance by replacing loops with comps and many other things as well.
@@arentaiss his would take some time. code that is written in-line is in many cases faster which is why comprehnsions are faster in many cases over for -loops. check out videos or book on optimizing Python code. Or use a profiler with your code
At 6:16 you say Java instead of Javascript. Regardless, great informative video. One of the reasons I have come to appreciate your videos is that you give us the big picture which includes business considerations and not just the technical details. Super helpful for someone trying to make their way into the tech world.
Here's something I haven't seen you discuss so far. I'd love to hear your opinion on functional programming languages such as Haskell and their respective place in the market
what do you mean by "haskell is not usable"? it's not as mainstream popular as the big languages, but it's run in production by both some of the hyper large software giants, as well by plenty of startups. I think it's weird to lump haskell and clojure/similar in the same group as "functional". they are very different languages. functional is a very vague term too. the strengths of haskell come from its really strong and expressive type system that gives you plenty of tools for static analysis and type driven delevopment, something that isn't even on the map in a dynamically typed language like clojure. not to say one is necessarily strictly better, but it makes it really strange to lump them in the same category, because they approach code in such radically different ways.
To give an informed opinion, you must have experience in the area under consideration. Unless he has done significant functional programming (either professionally or on the side), his opinion wouldn't have much weight. Note that the languages he covered in this video are either procedural or object-oriented or support both (except SQL), which are the two most popular programming paradigms today and which he's most familiar with.
Nice overview, not beating up on any of them as some people like to do. In my corner of the world (corporate IT), the common languages are Javascript for the frontend, Java for the middle tier, and SQL + DB vendor's stored procedure language for the backend. There are also typically a large number of batch programs on the back end to get the data into the DBs that are used by web apps and reports throughout the company. IMHO, unless you are concentrating purely on the frontend space, the best second language to learn is SQL. Except for browser programs, you are guaranteed to run into it at some point, and your value is greatly increased if you are competent in it. Even better is to be able to use the more advanced features such as common table expressions (aka WITH clauses) and analytic functions. These allow you to do incredibly complex manipulations entirely in the backend DB engine (where it will run much faster) before sending the results to the upper tiers.
After just 4 of your videos watched, I see you as my #1 youtube programming mentor. You speak and explain in a simple way and the end of every video I really understand things and can make use of your lesson.
I love C#, have about 4 years of experience with it. Yes .NET Core is multiplatform and the performance is faster than .NET Framework and Mono. The issue with .NET Core is that it is young, so it doesn't have all of the features that the whole .NET Framework has, but it's often fine. And yes, C# as a language is open-source, .NET Core is open-source, and the compiler (Roslyn) is as well.
Good YT video as always, Stef. I watched it yesterday at the car dealership. I'm not a C++ know-it-all, or an anything know-it-all, but you mention that designing web pages with C/C++ would be a daunting task, and, from what I know of C/C++, I'd agree. But, from what little I know, that's what libraries are for. Although, even there I'd have to admit, that learning all the C/C++ libraries for tasks like GUI development, and I assume web page design, is an effort unto itself.
@General relativity Agreed. All that memory management you will have to learn will make you a better programmer in the long run, but if you're simply trying to scrap up a website or an information based app, other languages will promote better productivity.
@General relativity i don't think it's worth to take all that time on learning C++ when you can learn Rust instead and don't have to deal with the billion issues that come with memory management while also having a language that's as low level, but also even higher level than C++, while being faster due to it letting you do stuff the most efficient way possible safely, with some methods that would be extremely hard to do in C or C++. Not to mention rust has a way newer and cleaner code base, with a much better compiler that catches a ton of bugs before you run into them at runtime, and with well thought out newer concepts like lifetimes and async, which C++ does have, but it's way less ergonomic to use.
This was an outstanding video. I particularly liked when he said that Data was a nerd word for information. While that may seem blatantly obvious to most of us sometimes some people can left behind with what seems obvious to other people. Stefan is great for explaining things to people who might be totally new to programming concepts. He doesn’t assume that everyone is familiar with Tech speak and that’s great.
PHP (and Laravel) because it's market place. SQL because it's essential application. Java (and Kotlin) because mobile and easiest multiplatform type. Javascript because it's growing
I have been using Xojo for a while now. And I must say, it is quite easy to create cross-platform apps relatively quick. Even Android will be supported soon. I know it has some limitations. And I sure use some other means as well.
Great little summary! Much better than I would've worded it, but nevertheless I feel inclined to add some comments: You're calling some languages fast and slow in different contexts, that may throw off many new people. Java is quite slow, compared to C... and JS is fast compared to Python. But calling Java slow and both JavaScript and PHP fast a few minutes later will surely throw people way off. Java is no longer many factors slower than C++ and JS as a server language is actually one of the slower choices while Java is one of the faster languages. Billions of dollars have been invested into optimizing the JVM due to it being an enterprise languages, and that really shows in Java 8. Furthermore PHP is really on the decline. It's one of those languages that is used everywhere because large platforms that work fine were once built on it, but today, the vast majority of people starting projects from the ground up prefer to use something else than PHP. Partially because quite a lot of modern web sites and web apps are written as single-page apps with a completely separate API server, the whole notion of injecting data into an HTML document on the server is losing traction and this is one of the few things that is more convenient in PHP than in other languages. Also... it's just really easy to mess up and write bugs in PHP compared to other languages. Not if you're accustomed to it of course, but I too believe there are better choices out there to write a server. Mostly GoLang and NodeJS are on the rise in this regard. I feel it's more important to base what you're going to learn on what will be relevant in about 3-5 years than what is used now in large legacy codebases. Source: JS lead dev, currently investigating what language we'll hire people for to rewrite our API server.
no language in this world will ever save you from idiotic coders! I have seen idiotic code written in J2EE and that framework is as standard as it gets... The sheer idea that a language will stop coders screwing up is ridiculous, the only thing that does that is good QA, good processes, CD/CI tools, versioning control and unit testing. You can pick a language with 2 instructions and coders will still be able to implement bugs in it! Also injecting data into html client side... coders rejected XSLT/XML/DTD, I mean that standard is supported completely even today by ALL browsers mobile or not! and yet NOBODY uses it even though those were created for this exact reason. These guys all think they're so f smart chasing "modern" languages and discarding all the hard work that has been already put into existing technologies. It is guys that think like that that invented canvas even though we had SVG(btw also supported natively across the board). You know that the browser can marry data to template for you! and you don't use it! You go out and invent your own! You know that there is vector graphics processing capacity inbuilt in browser and you go out and build your own. And saying PHP is dying? Are you serious? 90% of the internet is php! Yes mostly because of wordpress but still. Also as the guy in the video said, php 7+ is a whole new beast! And it is really good, it is fast reliable safe... and you go build your own and then cry at the corners when you can't find a developer for "new ruby" or whatever else language you come up with! How can you even say that bugs are more prevalent in php?? I mean you can't even fathom the amount of shat I had to shovel in javascript from developpers not understanging what the difference between class and object prototyping is and how it works... or in java from ones that don't understand how a classloader works... or not even knowing java has one or that you can use one... sheesh, at least with php you have clean cut logic, it is one of the most clean cut languages there are, there is almost no black magic happening anywhere, everything is expressed and the few magic features like auto casting are few and far between whereas javascript can be written to a degree of complexity only dear god can untangle it. Java is better in this regard but mostly because hardtyping and because we use very smart ide's that build our projects and bind everything neatly together for us... the one saving grace for javascript would be typescript, which basically brings the entire crazyness of javascript to a bearable level. I mean come on what's next will apple or google or facebook implement a new RTC and call it something flashy like bullhorn? and everybody and their mothers will jump on it because of who invented it?
@@GRBtutorials That's because he is just claiming stuff. NodeJS is mainly written in C. Claiming it is slower than for example Java is meaningless it all depends on the type of operations you are trying to do and how NodeJS or the JRE is optimized for those tasks. I doubt that JS lead dev, which he calls himself, here has any meaning. Besides that, NodeJS was created at first because JS allows event driven programming better than other languages do and the single threaded event loop takes away a lot of hassle. But anyway.... it's a server. Your bottleneck is not your API but most likely the protocol you are using to connect to your API.
At 10:00 ... Did I just hear you say something like "postgray"? What's that? Are you trying to say "Postgres" which is the shortened form of "PostgreSQL" (pronounced "post" "gres" "cue "ell"), and also referenced as simply "PG".
For a language that is declining and becoming insignificant you sure seems to always mention Ruby all the time and I mean all the time when comparing languages.....
LOL! The Ruby guys always say, "... how come you trash Ruby?" But you are right, it is in decline and I think it will eventually become barely used. That said, there are some Ruby jobs out there, so I mention it. The future is better for JS, PHP, Python, Java, C# ... and a few others.
You know what's declining? Its PHP and asp.net. Rails is still there and growing. And the only reason why people mention ruby is because of the rails framework. Its the best framework out there.
Stefan Mischook you can't write "да, я был" in that context. The thing you've written is literally "I have been". If you meant "Yes, I was [mistaken]", you should write the verb again: "Да, я ошибся". Don't mean to teach you though, just a little correction from a native speaker :D
14:30 when I was doing my degree in Comp Sci, back in ye mists of time, the head nerd told us "pick the right tool for the right job". (We were taught Modula 2, first...sigh (I won't even....) but that advice is rock-solid.. One thing I've learned the hard way is : if your favourite tool is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail. As a coder, sometimes you need to take a step back, and consider if you need to use a screw-driver. I would also add to the argument, choose a language (if you don't know any) you enjoy using (to get a foot-hold), but be aware there are many different ways to square the circle.
I'm confused about who this video is targetting. At one moment your assuming people know what a library is and the next your explaining what a database is at a very simple level.
Thanks for the breakdown, that was actually pretty useful. I know a great deal about c# and I use it for game development. Recently I’ve been wanting to get into web development and web apps and have been wondering where to start on that. Kinda leaning toward JavaScript now.
I have nothing to do with programming,but i love listening to you Stefan.Very informative,very educational for non-tech people. In fact i do some audio/video editing and am now thinking that learning a front-end language would not be a bad idea to incorporate for me with editing.(in the long run) Seems like those skills complement each other work wise. Great stuff! Cheers!
Hello Stefan. Greetings from Costa Rica. I'm a Java & DotNet Developer and I love your videos!. Can you do a video with your vision about -when to use API -When monolitic Web App like ASPNET MVC WEB APP I feel people are misunderstanding API is not for everything. It should only be the option if you need different UI or B2B solution like when you need to communicate with SalesForce etc Monolitic is not bad development but i've seen few youtubers approaching this topic. Software is at the end one step among several to materialize tangible solutions and many developer are loosing the real target that is choose the most simple software type project. If you noticed really few people consider solution like asp net web app or desktop app and the arguments are scalability, multiplatform operability etc but mos important any is simplicity because you need something up and running as soon as possible to start making money.. Scalability is a different animal you dont need to worry about at early stage.. You focus is start making money yesterday Please create video to cover the topics I am mentioned. Really appreciate your guidance on this
Use API's for non-core supporting functionality. So for example, I use an API to access Google reviews and to display it on my sites. Or for implementations where the API will save you a lot of development time. For example, Google Maps ... I wouldn't even consider developing my own maps application!
TH-cam is a great source for IT in general. Not all information is correct, some is doubtful, but most is actually on point. If in doubt, check the comment section.
This is cool, though I was expecting a rundown syntax-wise about those languages in 15 minutes. Now THAT would have been a feat. Like make the same program in all the languages, and have that program do a whole bunch of basic things: calculation, playing sounds on a certain action like a button press, etc.
A few notes. C and C++ are very error prone. The main cause is that there is no automatic memory management. One small error(such as off by one) can potentially (and has) crash a whole system or cause inaccuracies without crashing. This is also a main reason for C/C++ performance speed. PHP is on at least one list of dying languages. It is seldom used for new projects. Python is excellent for getting results fast. If a program is only needed once or a few times results can be obtained faster than languages with quicker runtimes but slower development times. Python is also good for prototyping and proof of concept programs. Algorithms are user interfaces can be developed and tested quickly then translated to a language with faster runtimes. SQL as a language does not really exist. It is in the form of many slightly different products. Programs in other languages often interface with one SQL version or another to access one or more databases.
Everything incorret/wrong that has been said in this video: 1. "It could take forever to write Webapp in C++ in comparasion of Java", it depends on library that you use, there are planty on github and some are very good or better than Java alternative... But that's the real problem... companies likes standards.. and Java does have standard ways to develop a webapp that is backed by some big company, C++ doesn't. (Funfact, FaceBook backend infrastructure is writen in C++ from requests to messages to database access, they used Java before but Java couldn't handle the load, now they have techtalks on CPPCONS how they improve performance for thier users by rewriting some parts of there infrastructure in C++) 2. "C/C++ if you write code in those you will be writing for one platform and you need to rewrite it to run on mac", WTF when you writing a aplication you ussually want to use cross-platform libraries so it runs everywhere... this is like saying java runs only on Windows when developers used libraries that uses DLLs. In fact C++ with the standard libraries runs on more platforms than JAVA. The only real difference is that Java only requeire one "executable" and C/C++ needs executable per-platform(but I could argue that Java also needs executable per-platform because of android have special kind of java). 3. my Java related comment that has been indirectly said in this video, you may not need to deal with pointer and manual alocation/dealocation in java but there are still so much bugs in JVM that I would gladly used C++ for everything that Java is used, I would rather solve memory leaks or NULL pointers than dealing with failing reflection and polimorphism in Java.
C++ is a great language, the second oldest in his list. Still used now, I'm learning it, and will be a good electronic engineer who contribute to the trending of smart city, mods con in Vietnam.
*how come you didn't cover the super powerful low-level (CPU close), language HTML? It's used for machine learning, neural networks, AI. HTML can completely destroy C. Also CSS could have been a honorable mention because it's more faster than python and MUCH MORE powerful. I personally have used Cascading Style Sheets alone to make operating systems!*
Thanks. I am new and officially crown you as my Guru. Ok off to find your course and purchase. Would love to meet one on one. I am a shipping and logistics expert, moved to the e-commerce in the past few years.
This guy doesn't really know what he's talking about: -You can develop cross platform in c++, you don't have to rewrite everything -Java is not that slow, this is a very old myth that some still believe -Kotlin is not faster than Java and it is not developed by Google, it is developed by JetBrains -PHP sucks, and PHP is not fast, it is very slow as it needs a web server like apache or nginx on top of it. Golang is probably the fastest high level language for server side
"-Java is not that slow, this is a very old myth that some still believe" No, it is still slow. I usually program in my favourite programming language (C++), but now I am forced to make programs in Java as well for my university, and I am already noticing a huge performance tax that Java is having on my programs. Java takes longer to compile than C++, but the most evident performance tax is at run-time.
"Java is not that slow, this is a very old myth that some still believe" Not as much as he was suggesting, but it is slow compared to C. Java will always have garbage collection and always be slower. "Kotlin is not faster than Java and it is not developed by Google, it is developed by JetBrains" You weren't listening. He said that Kotlin is faster to write compared to Java. He also said it was endorsed by Google not that it was developed by Google.
Very well done. Thanks. It got me to thinking that human languages are somewhat task-specific too. When you want to talk about food- French. Love- Italian or Spanish. Physics- German. Medicine- Latin and Greek. Can you imagine what would happen if you sidled up to a gal at a bar and said, "Gutten tag, shotzie..."
5:50 "java" ?!? lol ... anyway ... this wasn't the real cause for my comment ... want to point out that nodejs is mostly written in JavaScript in gives therefore additional server side capabilities for the language itself ... (Edit: just googled: the engine itself is written in c/c++) ... You still can use JS client side embed or linked in you HTML for example ... If you try running jquery on nodejs you'd get an error which states that jquery is missing the browser to function (though there is a rewritten version which works on node). Some today even treat is as a general purpose language, which I personally can't blame them because you can do so much today with JavaScript.
I use C# at my mega Corp with a javascript engine integration for ease of BU process encoding and python engine for AI integration. VB for my down and dirty one off apps that aren't performant. Never limit yourself to one language. I'd prefer assembly if it were practical.
Things may be different under the covers, but if you know C syntax, you know Java. I wrote an iOS app in Objective-C, another C derivative, and ported it to Android using Java. Was able to cut and paste huge chunks of code, the only things that differed were UI and IO.
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Why you cover swift but not kotlin? Seems you have an Apple bias?
@@theskyspire Lol, I think that you have a bias towards Android if you make such ridiculous claims. Besides that if you look up the most popular programming languages, Java and Swift are always on those lists. Kotlin on the other hand isn't. So, Kotlin isn't as big as you claim it to be. Lastly, this video was made in 2018.
@@onee I think you are confused about what a question mark means. "?"
Thanks for the video. I'm a web designer learning JavaScript so this really helps with terminology of all the different coding languages.
I heard Microsoft are bringing a new language out called Office Script.
0:31 C / C++
1:54 Java
3:52 Python
5:27 JavaScript
6:44 PHP
8:09 Swift
9:51 SQL
12:11 C#
13:21 Ruby
you're welcome :DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
Nostrum84 thx
Thanks!
Tnk
Oops lol thx
If you Watch the video in 2X speed you'll learn 10 langs in only 7:30 mins
Thank me later.
@@jeremyrock19877:36.5*
Mind blowed
x15 in 1 minute and something
@@creatorchris712 jando pailwan'
Genius.. was too fast for me but x1.75 is just about the right speed 👌🏽
Can't believe I learned 10 languages in only 15 minutes. My resume is going to look SO good. Incredible job Steven!
LOL!
The sarcasm here is a coding language of its own.
watch at 1,5 speed to learn 15 in 10 minutes =)
he gave you valuable tips.. now you won't be wasting your time on irrelevant pursuits and ..be focusing on what works for you
0:31 C / C++ - high efficiency
1:54 Java - portability
3:52 Python - machine learning, general purpose
5:27 JavaScript
6:44 PHP - web development, great for freelancers
8:09 Swift - mobile app development
9:51 SQL - work with relational databases
12:11 C# - Microsoft products
13:21 Ruby
Everyone knows the best use for java is making minecraft mods
Yas
you're joking right lol
@@ethwhale nope
Also making minecraft
oof
4:23 - With C and C++, you do not have to *rewrite* code for different platforms. As long as your code is cross-platform (not hard to achieve if you make this is a requirement from the beginning), then you need only *recompile* for each platform. I.e. C and C++ are write once, compile anywhere. Java is compile once, run anywhere (via the JVM).
I was bothered by his comment about C++ needs rewriting also. I could not think of a reason why I need to do that. But I am not proficient in C++, I am confused a bit by that. Thanks for confirming this. It's actually what I was thinking, except I wasn't sure. For that, I thank you. It has saved my time. If I didn't see you comment, I may have to google for the reason for a while.
It could happen that you write non-portable code in C++ (unintentionally relying on features of the OS or platform). In that case, you will have rewrite or rework the non-portable parts to get those to work on another platform. But if you are aware of this from the beginning, the cases where you have extra work to do will be very small or nonexistent, and you will end up with a more stable product anyway.
Your right... but your not .
Odds are you will need to eventually need to use some OS specific features, Java handles this for you, like handling IO stuff. You can have shared libs, but you WILL have to re-write tons of stuff.
Plus C and C++ are just harder than Java and C#- these are just facts. Modern compilers are so good most applications can be programmed in a higher language just fine.
Yes, IO eventually uses OS-specific features, but these OS-specifics are already abstracted away for you via the standard library. In C++ you may also write your own cross-platform layer (so that you can use the same code for all systems). In Java this is also possible but you will probably have to use the JNI, which is basically just an interface to code compiled C/C++ code anyway. Yes, modern *compilers* are good (C++ compilers), so use them to take full advantage of your hardware.
Slump 64 gcc is also cross platform. What do you mean by “not THAT good”?
Jeez, those were extremely productive 15 minutes, good job!
Python is designed to keep your computer warm. :P
Sim 😂😂😂😂
Llllllloooooooolll
How dare you?!?
Why would you say something so controversial yet so brave
But it keeps your head cool.
whenever you hear about JavaScript everyone says " not related to Java"
not related to java.
I mean the only other notable thing is that it sucks
And how many times did he mistakingly say "Java"?
I think JavaScript was originally designed as a web-based compliment to Java. Hence the functions of the same name like "CharAt" and "IndexOf".
C is simple and excutes fast. JavaScript has quick development time.
Java is somewhere in the middle with execution speed and development time.
Begin Rant:
Java... not a fan. Way too complex for the sucky performance. Also, I am not sure what the hell people think they are "encapsulating" when they wrap every damn variable into a getter and setter method. Maybe it's an adapter pattern because no one can commit to the implementation of how to grab a public variable?
Programming sucks.. gives false sense of 'superiority '..Every programmer most WORKS FOR SOMEONE ELSE..now whos smart? *cries
Here is the list if someone is interested:
C/C++ 0:30
Java 1:55
Python 3:50
JavaScript 5:25
PHP 6:45
Swift 8:10
SQL 9:50
C# 12:10
Ruby 13:20
"All the hipster nerds are moving into JavaScript."
*me:* smiles in guilty
There are literally 100's of videos talking about different programming languages but none of it could help me the way this one did . TYSM .
THANK YOU this was so helpful! I feel like most people online assess the different modern languages from a purely technical standpoint, but you laid them out by the way they're actually used in the real world which is exactly what I was looking for.
Glad I could help. Most people online talking about code, are still relatively new to the game, and have not too much industry experience ... that's why they only talk about the technical aspects. In time, developers learn that the language is just a tool ... and one of many.
The technical aspects of code have turned me off coding courses for years. Having this highly level conceptual comparison grounded in practical use from experience makes these "places" seem way more accessible. A bit like learning or getting to know a new city. Maybe that's my domain specialism.
Enjoyed the analogies to martial arts as well. Analogies and metaphors are powerful learning tools, even more so when the learner can get the to a point where they can use their own.
My old programming teacher has a shrieking harpy voice that really "helps" when you're trying to learn how the hell C++ works, without failing your grade. You on the other hand, have a very calm manner of speaking that actually majkes all this intimidating information digestable. Kudos!
"Scripting language" is a meaningless term. It just says that the given language is "good for scripting", which is as irrelevant to the language spec as whether the most popular implementation is compiled or interpreted. Implementation details and usage are separate from language definitions. JavaScript, as defined by the ECMAScript standard ES2015, is a full-fledged, prototype-based multi-paradigm (chiefly: imperative, structural, object oriented, functional) dynamic inferred nominal weak duck-typed managed programming language. HTML and CSS, on the other hand, are domain-specific single-paradigm (declarative) languages.
What do these words mean:
* prototype-based - JavaScript implements a rarely-seen form of object inheritance called a prototype chain. In the domain of OO, prototypal and classical are the two major players.
* multi-paradigm - Supports multiple programming paradigms
* imperative - Any turing-complete language is bound to support imperative. This is the usual statement-for-statement do-this-and-do-that kind of programming.
* structural - The ability to reuse and structure code into data structures and subroutines (aka functions/methods) is characteristic of this paradigm.
* object oriented - Program behavior is distributed amongst self-contained data structures that contain methods for working with their own data. You can see how there is a logical evolution from imperative -> structural -> object oriented.
* functional - focused on pure functions as defined in mathematics, follows closely the ideas of lambda calculus. Functional programming tends to gravitate towards functions-as-data and list processing. E.g. a common idiom is [1,2,3,4,5].map(x => x * x); // [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
* declarative - focused on the end result rather than the technical details. "Say what you want" rather than "Say how to do it". Dispatch tables are an excellent example of applied declarative style, and I am personally a huge fan of declarative and functional.
* dynamic/static - this refers to type checking. A type system is static if types are checked before run time, whereas it is dynamic if types are checked during run time. This and inferred/manifest are the major differences between languages like C and JavaScript.
* inferred/manifest - types are _inferred_ from data or must be explicitly stated by the programmer (manifest). It's the difference between `int foo = 5;` and `let foo = 5;`
* nominal/structural - most langs are nominal. Types are determined to be the same based on type name/signature (nominal) or by looking at the structure of the compared objects. In JavaScript, the only thing telling you that {a: 5} and {a: 5} are the same type is the type name "object". They cannot be compared for type compatibility based on structure. Technically, everything in Javascript (except null and undefined) is an object of some form. IIRC, Go has structural typing. Which means two different structures with the same content will compare equal in type.
* weak/strong - a bit fuzzy with where lines are drawn, but this refers to what is tolerated by the type system. C has a weak type system because everything is technically a number, except for structs and unions which are more of a "syntax sugar" thing that is handled by the implementation. You can add an `int` to a `char *` and get an offset of a string. You can call malloc() without casting, as it is implicitly converted to the correct pointer type. C++, by contrast, has strong typing, which makes it painful to write C code because C's idioms are often based on the advantages of weak typing, which C++ disallows. C++ is commonly called a "superset" of C, which is false and the two languages are actually very incompatible. If A is a superset of B, then all valid B programs are also valid A programs. Since you are required to do things like casting malloc explicitly, this means that you can't compile a (valid) C program with a C++ compiler and be guaranteed a successful compilation. And vice versa. C++ is a misleading name. Don't fall for it.
* duck typing - a subclass of weak typing. If it looks, acts and sounds like a duck, then it's a duck. This is in reference to the way JavaScript mangles types and overcomplicates operations when two different types are being operated on. "5" + 5.0, [] + {}, {} + [], [] + [], [] + 5, "5" == 5. These are operations you would expect to fail because none of them make any sense, but with duck typing, you get "55", "[object Object]", 0, "", "5", and true. Duck typing is the implicit conversion of one type to another type, and this kind of idiot-proofing it is the source of a great many bugs in JavaScript programs.
* managed/unmanaged - Whether memory is managed automatically. C is unmanaged. JS, Python, Common Lisp, Java and C# are all managed languages, which means they have integrated garbage collection.
It's the first time ever that I felt that I should copy down a TH-cam comments for future reference
Woe
I mean wow
More informative than the video it's placed beneath.
Very useful information. Thanks for your time!
Instructions unclear, assembly "Hello world" program crashed
0:31 - C & C++
1:54 - Java
3:51 - Python
5:26 - JavaScript
6:44 - PHP
8:08 - Swift
9:51 - SQL
12:11 - C#
?? - Ruby
C++, C# and Python are all you need to know and understand for machine learning. Got it!
I assume you do not use machine learning a lot?
accurate title: explaining 10 languages
@@danteventus2950 I thought there would be a lot more dislikes
Who the hell would want to even try learning 10 languages at once.
is for more views
This one is great for noobs, I like it :)
and im a noob, and i like it :)
and with this one youll probably stay a noob because he treats ya as a noob
Everybody is a noob, noob is life
@@lazykid9167 spoken like a techno-twat.
C++ has changed quite much in the past 2 decades, there has been a lot of change and addition that makes programming in it easier and in some ways there' s a lot more functionality like with higher level languages, though the hardcore low level programming style is still possible where needed.
Thanks man. Nice acting in the "Casino royale" btw
нифига
Hello
😂😂😂
C/C++ compile directly to assembly (CPU instruction set) whereas Java compiles to bytecode and runs on the JVM. Scripting languages are not compiled at all and are run through an interpreter. Great overview video.
Actually, it's better to say: higher performing scripting languages are compiled at runtime.
Java is run through a JIT or Just in time compiler. It is rarely or never run through an interpreter. It would be true to say that most scripters run by interpretation, but there are levels. Bash is a script that is directly interpreted, Python compiles to intermediate form (.pyc files). Typically the higher level of abstractions the language deals with the less advantage there is to full machine code compilation. A language that deals with strings is not going to get as much advantage from compilation, because it spends most of its time in string handling routines.
Yes, that's what I meant with 'compiled at runtime', because the highest performing scripting languages like Javascript also use JIT. Java like Python also compiled to an intermediate form, that's the bytecode that was mentioned by the OP.
To give you some idea of how fast a 'just a scripting language' like Javascript with JIT can be: C is usually still faster than Java in most cases. And when people create micro benchmarks to compare C to Javascript they usually make mistakes in finding the best way to optimize their C code. And in most of those cases Javascript is faster. So only if the C coder got all optimizations right, C will be faster. That is how fast Javascript is these days.
@@Traumatree JVM also uses JIT. You do know JIT is automatically generated directly running compiled assembly code right ? Most of the slowdown from JVM comes from memory management and it's size (lots of disk accesses, just look at a JVM startup). And in case of Javascript it's the memory management and dynamic typing.
Anyway... what about Rust ? That looks pretty good, C-like speed, etc. and safe memory handling and even unsafe if you need it. More and more code is being written in Rust now.
@@Traumatree Something else that really slows down Javascript is parsing. Which is why WebAssembly has a binary format.
Kotlin is based on the JVM. It creates VERY similar bytecode to Java. So speed is nearly the same in most cases. Only thing I know of were Kotlin is faster than Java on the JVM is higher order functions like map or filter, because the guys at Jetbrains really optimized bytecode creation here. The other thing is that one is faster writing Kotlin than Java.
0:31 - C & C++
1:55 - Java
5:26 - JavaScript
6:45 - PHP
8:10 - Swift
9:55 - SQL (4 GL)
10:55 - CRUD
12:10 - C#
Why did I do this?
Because you want to help out. Thanks!
And just noticed that I didn't do all + someone already did it, rip.
you missed python
Java is not that slow, yes it's slower than C but not that considerably(very roughly 2-3 times slower). Also modern C++ is definitely not just a "low level language", it's a generic language where you can write both high level and low level code. Modern C++ code is actually not much more complex to handle than what Java is, unless you really-really want to do some C++ trickery. The memory management headaches of C++ are a thing of the past.
For warmed up modern JVM versions its more like 5-20% difference in normal conditions and in some cases Java is even faster than C ( I tested it by comparing around 10000 runs of simple programs in C and Java that calculate large Fibonacci numbers ) . And with G1 GC and JIT sometimes apps are even faster since C2 compiler can optimize them very well.
Don't waste your time. This guy wants to get tons of views on a highly-hyped topic (programming). I watched some other his videos and he doesn't seem to be a very good software developer / engineer
java isnt slow??? say that to minecraft
Java is slower. But it's OK because it just works. You know that once you finish the code it will run (99% of the times) without problems. C++ might run into weird exceptions and memory errors.
Also dlls. You made a costum calculator in Cpp? Take these 15MB of .dll files.
@@Kelan-pn6em if an i7 4790k and a 970 is outdated... I was joking jajajaja
If you want to make Python faster you can use PyPy (a jit compiler) instead of the (standard) CPython interpreter.
I was just going to say this. Cython, Numba definitly improve Python speed for many different task. Also, if you spend some time reviewing your code you can gain performance by replacing loops with comps and many other things as well.
Haha, I run my py on the jvm
@@thehighevolutionary7161 could you explain in more detail what do you mean by replacing loops with comps and other things? Thanks
@@arentaiss his would take some time. code that is written in-line is in many cases faster which is why comprehnsions are faster in many cases over for -loops. check out videos or book on optimizing Python code. Or use a profiler with your code
PP
At 6:16 you say Java instead of Javascript. Regardless, great informative video. One of the reasons I have come to appreciate your videos is that you give us the big picture which includes business considerations and not just the technical details. Super helpful for someone trying to make their way into the tech world.
Thanks! Glad you like them.
You left out 5:52.
Here's something I haven't seen you discuss so far. I'd love to hear your opinion on functional programming languages such as Haskell and their respective place in the market
fuck haskell and fuck IOHK for developing cardano on it
what do you mean by "haskell is not usable"? it's not as mainstream popular as the big languages, but it's run in production by both some of the hyper large software giants, as well by plenty of startups.
I think it's weird to lump haskell and clojure/similar in the same group as "functional". they are very different languages. functional is a very vague term too. the strengths of haskell come from its really strong and expressive type system that gives you plenty of tools for static analysis and type driven delevopment, something that isn't even on the map in a dynamically typed language like clojure. not to say one is necessarily strictly better, but it makes it really strange to lump them in the same category, because they approach code in such radically different ways.
To give an informed opinion, you must have experience in the area under consideration. Unless he has done significant functional programming (either professionally or on the side), his opinion wouldn't have much weight. Note that the languages he covered in this video are either procedural or object-oriented or support both (except SQL), which are the two most popular programming paradigms today and which he's most familiar with.
@Slump64: What do you mean by "dead concepts"? Haskell's ideas are far from dead; on the contrary, they are alive and kicking. *LOL*
So...How many Javascript frameworks in 15 mins?
There is only one left, React
What are you talking about? Vue.js is killing it.
except React is not a framework but a Library
By the time you have listed them all, a new one will have appeared.
Xenopheliac LOL 😂
Nice overview, not beating up on any of them as some people like to do. In my corner of the world (corporate IT), the common languages are Javascript for the frontend, Java for the middle tier, and SQL + DB vendor's stored procedure language for the backend. There are also typically a large number of batch programs on the back end to get the data into the DBs that are used by web apps and reports throughout the company. IMHO, unless you are concentrating purely on the frontend space, the best second language to learn is SQL. Except for browser programs, you are guaranteed to run into it at some point, and your value is greatly increased if you are competent in it. Even better is to be able to use the more advanced features such as common table expressions (aka WITH clauses) and analytic functions. These allow you to do incredibly complex manipulations entirely in the backend DB engine (where it will run much faster) before sending the results to the upper tiers.
Stef, thanks for this informative video for those of us newbies looking to learn a first language. Much appreciated.
Welcome!
After just 4 of your videos watched, I see you as my #1 youtube programming mentor.
You speak and explain in a simple way and the end of every video I really understand things and can make use of your lesson.
Nice work dude :)
Really helpful!!
Good video and teaching level!
FANTASTIC summary, thank you!
Isn't C# now OS independent with .netCore?
yes, but also mono with unity(games) and xamarin(mobile)
Performance wise it is OS dependent.
Marius Kanaporis what do you mean?
Oh yes it is! And open source.
I love C#, have about 4 years of experience with it. Yes .NET Core is multiplatform and the performance is faster than .NET Framework and Mono. The issue with .NET Core is that it is young, so it doesn't have all of the features that the whole .NET Framework has, but it's often fine. And yes, C# as a language is open-source, .NET Core is open-source, and the compiler (Roslyn) is as well.
Good YT video as always, Stef. I watched it yesterday at the car dealership. I'm not a C++ know-it-all, or an anything know-it-all, but you mention that designing web pages with C/C++ would be a daunting task, and, from what I know of C/C++, I'd agree. But, from what little I know, that's what libraries are for. Although, even there I'd have to admit, that learning all the C/C++ libraries for tasks like GUI development, and I assume web page design, is an effort unto itself.
modern c++ is now both low-level and high-level.
Grant Rostig modern c++ is by far my favorite
@@AA-gl1dr I prefer c but c++ is fucking cool too, I agree
@General relativity Agreed. All that memory management you will have to learn will make you a better programmer in the long run, but if you're simply trying to scrap up a website or an information based app, other languages will promote better productivity.
@General relativity harder then assembler?
@General relativity i don't think it's worth to take all that time on learning C++ when you can learn Rust instead and don't have to deal with the billion issues that come with memory management while also having a language that's as low level, but also even higher level than C++, while being faster due to it letting you do stuff the most efficient way possible safely, with some methods that would be extremely hard to do in C or C++.
Not to mention rust has a way newer and cleaner code base, with a much better compiler that catches a ton of bugs before you run into them at runtime, and with well thought out newer concepts like lifetimes and async, which C++ does have, but it's way less ergonomic to use.
This was an outstanding video. I particularly liked when he said that Data was a nerd word for information. While that may seem blatantly obvious to most of us sometimes some people can left behind with what seems obvious to other people. Stefan is great for explaining things to people who might be totally new to programming concepts. He doesn’t assume that everyone is familiar with Tech speak and that’s great.
I spent my 20 years on 5 programming languages but today I learnt other 5 in 7.5 minutes (x2 speed)
So for free lancing ("quick entrance") :
PHP>SQL
And after: Java>Javascript
?
PHP (and Laravel) because it's market place.
SQL because it's essential application.
Java (and Kotlin) because mobile and easiest multiplatform type.
Javascript because it's growing
What about scratch ?
Thats more for learning
scratch not Programming Languages
C++ is slow compared to scratch
@@TheDsCrafter Faxx
nice that waht my os is running in ;D
I have been using Xojo for a while now. And I must say, it is quite easy to create cross-platform apps relatively quick. Even Android will be supported soon.
I know it has some limitations. And I sure use some other means as well.
Your content is wonderful and your voice is relaxing like an ASMR tape
4:25 Mac and Linux can run Win32 api just using Wine etc... At 13:00, C# can now do pretty much anything multi-platform.
Great little summary! Much better than I would've worded it, but nevertheless I feel inclined to add some comments:
You're calling some languages fast and slow in different contexts, that may throw off many new people. Java is quite slow, compared to C... and JS is fast compared to Python. But calling Java slow and both JavaScript and PHP fast a few minutes later will surely throw people way off. Java is no longer many factors slower than C++ and JS as a server language is actually one of the slower choices while Java is one of the faster languages. Billions of dollars have been invested into optimizing the JVM due to it being an enterprise languages, and that really shows in Java 8.
Furthermore PHP is really on the decline. It's one of those languages that is used everywhere because large platforms that work fine were once built on it, but today, the vast majority of people starting projects from the ground up prefer to use something else than PHP. Partially because quite a lot of modern web sites and web apps are written as single-page apps with a completely separate API server, the whole notion of injecting data into an HTML document on the server is losing traction and this is one of the few things that is more convenient in PHP than in other languages.
Also... it's just really easy to mess up and write bugs in PHP compared to other languages. Not if you're accustomed to it of course, but I too believe there are better choices out there to write a server. Mostly GoLang and NodeJS are on the rise in this regard. I feel it's more important to base what you're going to learn on what will be relevant in about 3-5 years than what is used now in large legacy codebases.
Source: JS lead dev, currently investigating what language we'll hire people for to rewrite our API server.
no language in this world will ever save you from idiotic coders! I have seen idiotic code written in J2EE and that framework is as standard as it gets... The sheer idea that a language will stop coders screwing up is ridiculous, the only thing that does that is good QA, good processes, CD/CI tools, versioning control and unit testing. You can pick a language with 2 instructions and coders will still be able to implement bugs in it! Also injecting data into html client side... coders rejected XSLT/XML/DTD, I mean that standard is supported completely even today by ALL browsers mobile or not! and yet NOBODY uses it even though those were created for this exact reason. These guys all think they're so f smart chasing "modern" languages and discarding all the hard work that has been already put into existing technologies. It is guys that think like that that invented canvas even though we had SVG(btw also supported natively across the board). You know that the browser can marry data to template for you! and you don't use it! You go out and invent your own! You know that there is vector graphics processing capacity inbuilt in browser and you go out and build your own. And saying PHP is dying? Are you serious? 90% of the internet is php! Yes mostly because of wordpress but still. Also as the guy in the video said, php 7+ is a whole new beast! And it is really good, it is fast reliable safe... and you go build your own and then cry at the corners when you can't find a developer for "new ruby" or whatever else language you come up with! How can you even say that bugs are more prevalent in php?? I mean you can't even fathom the amount of shat I had to shovel in javascript from developpers not understanging what the difference between class and object prototyping is and how it works... or in java from ones that don't understand how a classloader works... or not even knowing java has one or that you can use one... sheesh, at least with php you have clean cut logic, it is one of the most clean cut languages there are, there is almost no black magic happening anywhere, everything is expressed and the few magic features like auto casting are few and far between whereas javascript can be written to a degree of complexity only dear god can untangle it. Java is better in this regard but mostly because hardtyping and because we use very smart ide's that build our projects and bind everything neatly together for us... the one saving grace for javascript would be typescript, which basically brings the entire crazyness of javascript to a bearable level. I mean come on what's next will apple or google or facebook implement a new RTC and call it something flashy like bullhorn? and everybody and their mothers will jump on it because of who invented it?
Have you seen node.js benchmarks? It’s actually pretty fast!
@@GRBtutorials That's because he is just claiming stuff. NodeJS is mainly written in C. Claiming it is slower than for example Java is meaningless it all depends on the type of operations you are trying to do and how NodeJS or the JRE is optimized for those tasks. I doubt that JS lead dev, which he calls himself, here has any meaning. Besides that, NodeJS was created at first because JS allows event driven programming better than other languages do and the single threaded event loop takes away a lot of hassle.
But anyway.... it's a server. Your bottleneck is not your API but most likely the protocol you are using to connect to your API.
Great rundown. Also, great view at the end. Where is that?
I was wanting to learn all 10 programming languages and be a pro at them by the end. So disappointed. LOL J/K. Love your content keep it up.
At 10:00 ... Did I just hear you say something like "postgray"? What's that? Are you trying to say "Postgres" which is the shortened form of "PostgreSQL" (pronounced "post" "gres" "cue "ell"), and also referenced as simply "PG".
Super helpful.
Agreed! His videos are phenomenal!!
Very Usefull video man, btw wich camera are you using ? it gives very dope background blur
Thanks! Canon C200.
Stefan Mischook ouch 6k €, not for me but i think you have a good face and good expressions, being a movie actor will fit you so well
Thanks!
loved this. wished i knew it earlier
Great summary, very honest & informative!
For a language that is declining and becoming insignificant you sure seems to always mention Ruby all the time and I mean all the time when comparing languages.....
LOL! The Ruby guys always say, "... how come you trash Ruby?" But you are right, it is in decline and I think it will eventually become barely used. That said, there are some Ruby jobs out there, so I mention it. The future is better for JS, PHP, Python, Java, C# ... and a few others.
You know what's declining? Its PHP and asp.net. Rails is still there and growing.
And the only reason why people mention ruby is because of the rails framework. Its the best framework out there.
in Moscow there are even Delphi and VB vacancies))) and even COBOL in some banks.
if you multithread your java classes, does it run faster?
I write in C for I hope one day my code runs so fast it can outrun my sins
I'm an up coming programmer.. I've been using your videos to gain knowledge. Thank you.
Welcome!
Lmao I liked the way Swift moved
Thank you exactly the info I needed to hear! I like your voice too, makes listening easy.
do you mean "in" 15 minutes rather than is?
да, он ошибся.
Oops ... thanks for pointing that out. Fixed!
Да, я был.
Stefan Mischook you can't write "да, я был" in that context. The thing you've written is literally "I have been". If you meant "Yes, I was [mistaken]", you should write the verb again: "Да, я ошибся".
Don't mean to teach you though, just a little correction from a native speaker :D
14:30 when I was doing my degree in Comp Sci, back in ye mists of time, the head nerd told us "pick the right tool for the right job". (We were taught Modula 2, first...sigh (I won't even....) but that advice is rock-solid.. One thing I've learned the hard way is : if your favourite tool is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail. As a coder, sometimes you need to take a step back, and consider if you need to use a screw-driver. I would also add to the argument, choose a language (if you don't know any) you enjoy using (to get a foot-hold), but be aware there are many different ways to square the circle.
hey Stefan, can you make a video about kotlin. It's a new language and we want to know more about it
Ramy Ahmed look it up
Android:Java + Kotlin
iOS:Objective C + Swift
Kind of equivalence here in terms of code paradigm offered by each language.
Thanks a lot, it is very helpful 👌👏👍
I love it when you say “what does that mean” then define it, it really helps me thanks a lot!
My man
as a jr php dev this was a nice change from everyone slagging me for choosing to work in the language
I'm confused about who this video is targetting. At one moment your assuming people know what a library is and the next your explaining what a database is at a very simple level.
Good point.
I thought the explanation of a database was so nice it didn't even matter that I knew/know what a database is to be able to enjoy the explanation :)
Thanks for the breakdown, that was actually pretty useful. I know a great deal about c# and I use it for game development. Recently I’ve been wanting to get into web development and web apps and have been wondering where to start on that. Kinda leaning toward JavaScript now.
no more apples. Hes had enough
Very interesting. Great overview. Exactly what I was looking for. Thanks.
the video game industry is more successful than film and music put together. Dont hesitate, go for C & C++ for game development
game engines are C and C++, not the games themselves
I have nothing to do with programming,but i love listening to you Stefan.Very informative,very educational for non-tech people.
In fact i do some audio/video editing and am now thinking that learning a front-end language would not be a bad idea to incorporate for me with editing.(in the long run) Seems like those skills complement each other work wise.
Great stuff! Cheers!
i like you man
Hello Stefan. Greetings from Costa Rica. I'm a Java & DotNet Developer and I love your videos!.
Can you do a video with your vision about
-when to use API
-When monolitic Web App like ASPNET MVC WEB APP
I feel people are misunderstanding API is not for everything. It should only be the option if you need different UI or B2B solution like when you need to communicate with SalesForce etc
Monolitic is not bad development but i've seen few youtubers approaching this topic.
Software is at the end one step among several to materialize tangible solutions and many developer are loosing the real target that is choose the most simple software type project.
If you noticed really few people consider solution like asp net web app or desktop app and the arguments are scalability, multiplatform operability etc but mos important any is simplicity because you need something up and running as soon as possible to start making money.. Scalability is a different animal you dont need to worry about at early stage.. You focus is start making money yesterday
Please create video to cover the topics I am mentioned. Really appreciate your guidance on this
Use API's for non-core supporting functionality. So for example, I use an API to access Google reviews and to display it on my sites. Or for implementations where the API will save you a lot of development time. For example, Google Maps ... I wouldn't even consider developing my own maps application!
Geez! Wish I had seen this vid a decade ago. Wait! This guy came from the future!
hahha 老铁 what inspirations did you get canyou share with us :)))
Thank you so much. This is exactly video i was looking for!
new to programming languages, mate? I just started to learn python
@@GORDO-HUMILDE too Python rules!
man! u look like rick in walking dead
WTF! Looked yourself in the mirror lately?
Your content is so useful to me, thank you for making it available
I don't even need to go to school. Perfect!
TH-cam is a great source for IT in general. Not all information is correct, some is doubtful, but most is actually on point. If in doubt, check the comment section.
This is cool, though I was expecting a rundown syntax-wise about those languages in 15 minutes. Now THAT would have been a feat. Like make the same program in all the languages, and have that program do a whole bunch of basic things: calculation, playing sounds on a certain action like a button press, etc.
you lied to me you said in 15 minutes but it was 15:13 (i can't live in piece now)
Peace*?
LOL! I always give more than I promise!! :)
But only because he threw in that awesome bonus outdoor footage!
@@StefanMischook nice and helpful video thanks
A few notes. C and C++ are very error prone. The main cause is that there is no automatic memory management. One small error(such as off by one) can potentially (and has) crash a whole system or cause inaccuracies without crashing. This is also a main reason for C/C++ performance speed.
PHP is on at least one list of dying languages. It is seldom used for new projects.
Python is excellent for getting results fast. If a program is only needed once or a few times results can be obtained faster than languages with quicker runtimes but slower development times. Python is also good for prototyping and proof of concept programs. Algorithms are user interfaces can be developed and tested quickly then translated to a language with faster runtimes.
SQL as a language does not really exist. It is in the form of many slightly different products. Programs in other languages often interface with one SQL version or another to access one or more databases.
Everything incorret/wrong that has been said in this video:
1. "It could take forever to write Webapp in C++ in comparasion of Java", it depends on library that you use, there are planty on github and some are very good or better than Java alternative... But that's the real problem... companies likes standards.. and Java does have standard ways to develop a webapp that is backed by some big company, C++ doesn't.
(Funfact, FaceBook backend infrastructure is writen in C++ from requests to messages to database access, they used Java before but Java couldn't handle the load, now they have techtalks on CPPCONS how they improve performance for thier users by rewriting some parts of there infrastructure in C++)
2. "C/C++ if you write code in those you will be writing for one platform and you need to rewrite it to run on mac", WTF when you writing a aplication you ussually want to use cross-platform libraries so it runs everywhere... this is like saying java runs only on Windows when developers used libraries that uses DLLs. In fact C++ with the standard libraries runs on more platforms than JAVA. The only real difference is that Java only requeire one "executable" and C/C++ needs executable per-platform(but I could argue that Java also needs executable per-platform because of android have special kind of java).
3. my Java related comment that has been indirectly said in this video, you may not need to deal with pointer and manual alocation/dealocation in java but there are still so much bugs in JVM that I would gladly used C++ for everything that Java is used, I would rather solve memory leaks or NULL pointers than dealing with failing reflection and polimorphism in Java.
C++ is a great language, the second oldest in his list. Still used now, I'm learning it, and will be a good electronic engineer who contribute to the trending of smart city, mods con in Vietnam.
QIZI94 *thats totally all points in the video*
Hmm, I wonder what language you code.
QIZI94 can I make apps with PHP? Like games or other apps.
Thanks for the vlog Stefan. What do you thing about GOlang? Could it be the future for (not only) web development?
*how come you didn't cover the super powerful low-level (CPU close), language HTML? It's used for machine learning, neural networks, AI. HTML can completely destroy C. Also CSS could have been a honorable mention because it's more faster than python and MUCH MORE powerful. I personally have used Cascading Style Sheets alone to make operating systems!*
Thanks. I am new and officially crown you as my Guru. Ok off to find your course and purchase. Would love to meet one on one. I am a shipping and logistics expert, moved to the e-commerce in the past few years.
This guy doesn't really know what he's talking about:
-You can develop cross platform in c++, you don't have to rewrite everything
-Java is not that slow, this is a very old myth that some still believe
-Kotlin is not faster than Java and it is not developed by Google, it is developed by JetBrains
-PHP sucks, and PHP is not fast, it is very slow as it needs a web server like apache or nginx on top of it. Golang is probably the fastest high level language for server side
"-Java is not that slow, this is a very old myth that some still believe"
No, it is still slow. I usually program in my favourite programming language (C++), but now I am forced to make programs in Java as well for my university, and I am already noticing a huge performance tax that Java is having on my programs.
Java takes longer to compile than C++, but the most evident performance tax is at run-time.
In agreement. There was a lot of misinformation in this video, it was a good attempt to get language names out there, though.
"Java is not that slow, this is a very old myth that some still believe"
Not as much as he was suggesting, but it is slow compared to C. Java will always have garbage collection and always be slower.
"Kotlin is not faster than Java and it is not developed by Google, it is developed by JetBrains"
You weren't listening. He said that Kotlin is faster to write compared to Java. He also said it was endorsed by Google not that it was developed by Google.
Very well done. Thanks. It got me to thinking that human languages are somewhat task-specific too. When you want to talk about food- French. Love- Italian or Spanish. Physics- German. Medicine- Latin and Greek. Can you imagine what would happen if you sidled up to a gal at a bar and said, "Gutten tag, shotzie..."
LOL!
This is click bait
Just put a smiley in the end. I'll like Ur comment.
I like how pragmatically you see these languages and how small your bias on them is. Great video!
5:50 "java" ?!? lol ... anyway ... this wasn't the real cause for my comment ... want to point out that nodejs is mostly written in JavaScript in gives therefore additional server side capabilities for the language itself ... (Edit: just googled: the engine itself is written in c/c++) ... You still can use JS client side embed or linked in you HTML for example ... If you try running jquery on nodejs you'd get an error which states that jquery is missing the browser to function (though there is a rewritten version which works on node).
Some today even treat is as a general purpose language, which I personally can't blame them because you can do so much today with JavaScript.
For some reason I found it easier to learn C++ than Java. I'm weird like that...
I use C# at my mega Corp with a javascript engine integration for ease of BU process encoding and python engine for AI integration. VB for my down and dirty one off apps that aren't performant. Never limit yourself to one language. I'd prefer assembly if it were practical.
This was a great helpful breakdown, thank you!
Very cool. I like your overview and relevance. Much appreciation.
Welcome.
Things may be different under the covers, but if you know C syntax, you know Java.
I wrote an iOS app in Objective-C, another C derivative, and ported it to Android using Java.
Was able to cut and paste huge chunks of code, the only things that differed were UI and IO.
Thanks for the real explanation. The view of the last part of video is very cool. Where is there? Master🤟
Very useful info! Thanks!