The 200-Million-Year Formation Of The Rocky Mountains | Spark
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 11 ม.ค. 2024
- The Rocky Mountains were formed over 200 million years through complex geological processes. This included the initial breakup of Pangia, subduction of the Pacific Ocean plate beneath the North American Plate, thrust faulting, erosion, and Granite uplift, resulting in the majestic mountain range we see today.
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Because of the stress and time pressures involved in being a trucker, I now listen to documentaries as I'm getting ready to soothe my nerves. I found this one so fascinating I just had to actually watch it again while having breakfast a day or so later.
I learned about 'island rafting' thrust-faulting and 'compression-scraping' uplifting mountain-building caused by different forms of subduction at either deepening continental edge or shallow mid-continent levels. It basically blew me away. I've been intrigued by mountain-forming, and this answered a lot of my questions. Sedimentary vs Granite mountain ranges - now I know. When you consider that mountains are only creases, relatively, upon the earth when viewed from orbit, it is just mere us that sees them as an enormity.
As a semi driver these past 5 years, I've traversed the Rockies thru the I-70 several times, and witnessed the perennial misfortunes of every new batch of winter-uninitiated drivers there. It's that bad, sometimes I'd rather go the long way round up over Wyoming, and that's saying something. But reaching 11,000 feet on the interstate at The Tunnel, and diving deep within Glen Canyon is breathtaking. I also have an answer now for all those basalt beds lining the I-40 highway over by Grants down in New Mexico too - only 1500 years ago, from the Rift's long river of lava, confirming how recent it looks!
Thank you so much, for blowing my mind. 💜
If you are interested, the USGS has a link that describes different formations, called the Geolex.
I bet there are geologists that would strongly disagree with the southern Rockies formation. Nick Zentner would have something to say about this for sure.
Yes, increasingly it seems evidence is suggesting that the Southern Rockies--Wyoming to New Mexico--were likely formed by subduction FROM THE EAST, not the West, eventually filling in an ocean/sea basin--and this all was happening when North America was half the distance from Europe as it is at at present. Someone needs to introduce the writers and producers of this video to Nick Zentner and his numerous scholar guests that are piecing together a much more believable explanation for "Why the Rocky Mountains".
This newer theory/ies would also explain why the Rockies are so far from a Coast and an EXISTING plate boundary, and why there has been no significant earthquake activities in the Rockies for a long time, as this significant mountain building was done and over with by 60 million years ago, with its plate boundary long since subducted. There's been a lot of erosion since then, so the Rockies are not nearly as high as they once were, but are still not nearly as old as the 200 million year old Appalachians--which were also once as high as the Himalayas.
Earthquake activity along the Western margins of the Rockies (Wasatch, Tetons) is related to the much younger Great Basin rifting (pulling apart) which is a process happening today and not related at all to the creation of what we think of as the Rockies. Or related to the Yellowstone Hot Spot.
And the Middle Rockies (Idaho and Montana) are not touched on at all in this video, and that is neither the thrust belt story nor that of the Southern Rockies.
Another flaw of the video--and there are many--- is to suggest there was no thrust faulting south of the US-Canadian border. Gees, nearly all of Glacier National Park, which last I checked was still in the US, is thrust faulting, and lots of other stuff in Montana and Northern Idaho involves thrust faulting. It didn't just all end at the border.
The video seems to condense the Rockies story into two stories, that of the Canadian Rockies and that of the Colorado Rockies (well with some of New Mexico), maybe because its creators believe most people are only interested in the Canadian Rockies or Colorado. It is exceedingly more complex.
Lastly is the suggestion that North America may rift into two pieces along the Rio Grand rift zone in New Mexico. This rift, while real, is pretty much dead from what I have learned, and the real story is now further west--the Sea of Cortez in Mexico, continuing into the Imperial Valley, the entire Great Basin (including Death Valley) and into Southern Idaho--these are the really active areas of rifting within the North American continent.
@@bingyoung3228 isn't it amazing.
@@bingyoung3228 I'm quite certain that this video was made 20-25 years ago, back before many or all of these new theories were proposed/accepted. So while it may be outdated and slightly irrelevant information today, it still is entertaining.
Nick Zentner is the greatest geology professor in Washington!
He's helped me learn so much and so many new aspects about the local geology, here in the Columbia Basin, a luxury that not everyone has, b/c a lot of places have already been extensively studied.
Well said.
Amen love Nick
I'm so entranced by any discussion of the Rockies' Front Range, because it was my playground in the 1950s! Every summer my cousins and neighborhood buddies would ride our bikes up to Red Rocks and climb around the jagged hills we see in this video's description of the beautiful folded uplift. And to the east, the Great High Plains of North America fanned out, still layering from eroded silt carried down by the Platte and the Arkansas Rivers, and carried south by the Rio Grande, west by the mighty Colorado. It was a magical place to be an eight-year-old. Thank you for bringing my childhood, and Colorado's own childhood, to life!
Finally! A documentary that really explains EXACTLY how mountains form. I have never been able to quite understand it, always thought some sudden giant earthquake made them. Thanks a LOT.
More of this please, I love geology!
Globe "Planets" with oceans glued to a curved surface ? LOL 😂Here kids - Earth is a level plane comprised of fossilized flesh. The actual term is called Nucleophilic Substitution, with level Earth the Substrate. Mega titan dragon creatures 🐉🐲died here long ago, and their bodies are now limestone and granite ⛰🏔 mountains, and island chains etc. This type of creature was airborne, fire breathing and it's actual venom is where Crude Oil, Shale, and Coal come from. These Dragons (other creatures) bodies🐉are loaded with the 38 Transition Metals (e.g. - Fe, Au, Ag, Cu etc.) like the Appalachians Mts. 🏔(dragon) 🐉on the East coast USA. "Fossil Fuel" is a correct term like biogenic oil, but there is no true "Jurassic period", just the reality that ancient mega Titan reptilian creatures existed and limestone/granite mountains are the physical remains (Substrate). Go to google earth, remove borders and labels, and see the Atlas Mts. in Morocco for a starter dragon (1000 mi. baby), and notice the two colorful blue/red glands which secreted the black venom now called Crude Oil. There's also a 500 mile long fish 🐠as the Sahara Desert, leaving it's Si Silicon, and SiO2 sands laying next to that dragon as well. The east coast Appalachians/Blue Ridge Mts. are another multi head dragon, a Monster-0 type (lol) leaving shale, coal and the Mexican Gulf it's vast oil (Venom) deposits etc. The north Canadian Rockies are made of at least two separate dragon 🐉🐲creatures, leaving massive coal and crude oil (venom) deposits in Alaska and Yukon Territories etc. These mega-Titan fire breathing dragon creatures are the stuff of legends, and they are forever part of Earth Plane Topography (🐉=🏔), and our ancient level Earth's actual History. Now you know where gasoline, and metals for tooling comes from, 🐲🐉! ... Dragons !
Best A level studied
I live in the Canadian Rockies, and Im a photographer and a hiking guide. Love educating people on the history and the formation of the mountains and the fossils found here
Yosemite is in California, not the Rocky Mountains. You keep showing images of Yosemite.
That really works good, at 74, for seeing how the mountains formed.
We were told in our geology classes in the 1980s because of ice core recorfs the earb was in up temperature cycle, that we could warm untill the down temperature cycle was estimated to begin in 5000-8000 years.
Amazing and mesmerising
Even more amazing than the Rocky Mountains is the music that seems to come from them.
Flat slabs subduction is the company line but there is another Hypothesis Yeh I watched Nick Zentner How the Rockies formed There is a debate on this I am just learning this and I am far from being an expert I am at a 101 Geology student One of the things I have learned is a lot of land was added to the west coast
I was searching such a video! Thank you for filming this. I like geology. I'd like to visit some of those magnificent places in US and see it and touch it. Btw I am watching you from Russia
Don't forget to lick it too!
Now I want a similar and even more detailed one for the Great Himalayan Range!
Music is too loud and overpowers the narrator
Perhaps you should make your own video, then.
Enjoyed this. My undergrad was geology (went on to planetary science) and yes, you left out a lot important and curious facts about the rockies, but at least I am sure time demands did that. Actually with the really good images/graphics I would like to see what you could do in like a 5 hour tectonics of North America. From the North Slope to the join with South America. Think you could really help out those of us who have taught basic tectonics and/or geology of North America
It's more likely that the documentary was made in the early 2000's. That's why a bunch of the information is outdated.
For an up-to-date video on how the Rockies formed, go watch Nick Zentner's lecture on said topic. It's a very informative video and imo never got dull during the hour, hour and a half lecture.
Thanks so far interesting !
Silly background "music" always gets in the way of good information.
Make your own damn video, then.
"The older I get, the better this works." 😂 I feel ya!
Phenomenal American landscapes and nature! Cheers from Europe 😃
The ones in Canada are the most majestic.
There were at least five separate instances in this video that showed Half Done in Yosemite National Park in CA, USA. That mountain range is the Sierra Nevada which is hundreds of miles away from the Rocky Mountains. All these scientists and their assistants and yet you video guys got that totally wrong multiple times. So what else is wrong in your video? Otherwise I really enjoyed it.
Exactly what i was thinking
Thought the same thing. The shallow plate subductions they say is responsible for the Southern Rockies is up for debate these days. New techniques showing the subducted plates don't show a shallow subduction of the pacific plate. There might have has western subduction during this time instead. This was made in 2008 and shows its age. Google tomotectonic to read more about the new techniques.
Yes, and the story of the Sierra Nevada is a completely different one from that of the Rockies. What else is wrong in video? A bunch of things, but an easy one is this: in which country is Glacier National Park located? How were the mountains in Glacier NP formed? Oh, by thrust faulting! Yet video says thrust faulting which created the Canadian Rockies doesn't extend south of the Border.
If it splits apart right where they show it I'll have ocean front property. WOOHOO
43:11 PowerBook G4... this episode must be from around 2001-2005
Most of these are, basically historical documentaries at this point, still entertaining tho.
They are discussing events 10’s of millions of years ago. Ha Ha
@@darrellgarlock8478 What is so funny about that?
@@7inrain that a PowerBook G4 from 20 years ago has any bearing on mountains millions of years old
Soundtrack. Drums? Drama? It's not a crime drama.
No but it is a mystery.
If you're thinking the Rocky Mountains were lifted in increments of a few feet, maybe it would take "200 million years", but the mountains show no such traces. They went up in a matter of a couple of lifts, maybe three, maybe four, but not anything less than hundreds of feet at a time. I suspect the entire process lasted little more than a matter of months, scattered over a couple centuries, probably not more than 5,000 years ago, to the first jump. None of Earth's largest mountain ranges, the Cordillera, the Himalayas, the Alps, existed before that, in anything close to their present splendor.
Love the documentary, but that background music is a bit much...
Pretty good if you like Canada, Red Rocks and New Mexico. How about the other ranges in the Colorado Rockies?
Geology is a fun study with differing folks having differing pieces of information each thinking their piece is right.
Just enjoy what we see today.
Rather than the angle of subduction changing just because, isn't it likely that something like a thrust fault occurred in the subducted plate? That would cause the uplift of the basement further from the plate boundary, wouldn't it? Curious.
interesting but too much heavy music
Although Chomsky has made many accurate and insightful points, the notion that we should be apathetic toward the goal of progress is not a reasonable conclusion. Moving forward is mostly incremental and involves making choices between imperfect options. When people show up and make distinctions between competing arguments, movement toward progress occurs. We will see revolutionary changes when it’s time, and constant evolution if we engage with awareness.
Pretty good for a non geology channel, looks to have been professionally made. I get a feeling this is at least a decade old as the science has come a long way from here with a major geological paradigm revolution in terms of how tectonic plates work namely all plates are oceanic with continents rising on them like a raft or gigantic iceberg of buoyant material.
Though as covered by Nick Zentner's Baja BC A to Z livestream series we now have pretty strong evidence that these landmasses that North America hit were actually a series of mature volcanic arcs that had formed out in the Panthalassan ocean off the coast of Pangaea. The collision with these arcs appears to be quite analogous to the ongoing Collision between modern Indonesia and Papua New Guinea and involved many different subduction zones not one. The exact details are not well understood which is probably why this was left out but with Seismic tomography techniques developed by Karin Siglock and her colleagues we can now reconstruct the ocean trench configuration over time as these ancient slabs continue to sink deeper into the mantle, a process estimated to take around 230 million years based on crude extrapolation of observed modern sinking rates and assuming this rate is continuous. Its probably more complicated than that but the change in these trenches' tell the story.
Thanks to this more complex geological record have now conclusively falsified the "shallow slab story" with ironclad evidence that tells us about as definitively as science allows that for the American Rockies there was no flat slab subduction angle.
We can see all the subducted slabs in the mantle for the last 200 + million years and no flattened slab exists down there., none whatsoever. *Not only is there no slab is in the right position or place to do that, we some what perplexingly instead find that all the distinctive fast sheer wave propagating material of subducting plates the slabs abruptly terminate just east of the Rockies and north of the Snake river plain in Idaho*.
With the help of seismic tomography of the sunken slabs as well as geochemical dating of igneous petrology and sedimentary reconstructions and perhaps most importantly paleomagnetism data from both batholiths and magnetic grains deposited in sedimentary layers which furthermore can be linked to their parent rock formations via mineral grains collision with more mature archipelago rocks likely took place before said rocks were sheered north Laterally with the rocks of British Columbia now being well placed in both latitude and Longitude to approximately the same latitude where the modern Baja peninsula once the northward net movement of the Pacific plate started around ~100 million years ago believed to be related to certain subduction zones along Australia running out of crust to subduct. In this picture the Laramide mountains were formed via the
collision with these particularly well developed island arcs that formed a bit of a microcontinent which when it met North America lead to a major mountain building event as these continental rocks came into contact with each other forming a Himalayan style orogeny where any magma produced by rocks melting under the compressive loads are stuck down tens of kilometers below the surface making volcanism typically implausible.
Perhaps more interesting to this story is that along the boundary where the slabs terminate we find a zig zagging offset region of buoyant upwelling hot material within the solid upper mantle which we can trace directly underneath the continent from the offshore continuation known as the Juan de Fuca Ridge to the other offshore continuation which goes by the name of the East Pacific Rise. The timing around 50 million years ago saw major crustal block rotations that made way for Siletzia a young still hot and buoyant oceanic plateau with a successive series of metamorphic core complexes that became exposed and various volcanic pulses which moved across the continent in a time series starting from the north in Washington Oregon Idaho and Montana and moving south over time down to Colorado Utah New Mexico Arizona and Nevada with the evidence suggesting much of this crust is the unzipped/unfolded crust which had built up much of these mountains now exposed through Graben horst terrain associated with extensional mountain ranges. The window for Colorado around 35 Ma was fairly late into the story though it would take even longer in New Mexico and Arizona only around 20 million years ago if I remember correctly. this time series is no doubt an important part of the picture which still needs to be resolved though the East Pacific Rise seems to be involved.
If we recognize the igneous petrology work that links Yellowstone to the Siletzia terrain and its counterpart Yakutat currently subducting/accreting up in Alaska as a ridge placed hot spot we can retrace a geological story as the timing of North America overtaking the East Pacific Rise turns out to closely match the ages of the various highly siliceous volcanic zones and adjacent metamorphic core complexes of the so called Tertiary ignimbrite flare up episodes even retracing the timing delays with respect to longitude and latitude something which can not be replicated with the "shallow slab subduction" story. Robert Hildebrand's model suggests that the translational component of the Pacific relative to North America ultimately drew translation through the rocky mountains until around 50 million years ago when the craton of North America became notched into a kink within the East Pacific Rise situated near where the Yellowstone hotspot rose up through the ridge ending this northward translation but beginning to build up tension in the crust of North America tension which 17 million years ago finally gave way with floods of lava in Washington and Oregon and the onset of the formation of the Basin and Range province. There is a catch in his model in that no translational suture fault has been conclusively identified but given that the modern Basin and Range's clockwise rotation is differential rather than rigid in its nature this might not be a problem so much but more work is needed.
There is also no geophysical basis for how this shallow subduction story would somehow reproduce the observed terrain of the rocky mountains, its a nice neat story but it only works if you ignore all the geophysical data going back to the 1950's and 60's to today that are incompatible with that story and handwave the mechanisms.
The Colorado plateau in particular is still rising dramatically as magma has risen up and volcanos have started to form such as the Dotsero maar eruption and an unnamed cinder cone nearby. The rise of the Colorado plateau is particularly abrupt which is what has created the Grand canyon over the last 10 million years. It seems the combination of an abrupt extensional rise and rigid continental crust that is able to hold together under such tectonic forces is needed to get such extensive canyon systems.
As for the Rio Grande rift the data is in and yes it is still spreading at a few mm a year with the key detail being the clockwise rotation of all crust to the west with the Pacific plate again supporting the notion that the Rio Grande rift valley is the true plate boundary between North America and the Pacific at least in terms of the direction of underlying mantle forces. We also now know about the Socorro magma body which is the 2nd largest reservoir of molten rock which continues to grow or fill as magma flows into the crust from the depths of the mantle. One day this will find a conduit to the surface feeding the newest volcanoes of the Rio Grande.
Though unless things change considerably there probably will not be a simple cut through of NA as everything to the North of the snake river plain seems to be firmly part of the continent thus far. Though the Adirondack hotspot is potentially a very different story as it seems to be connected to a huge upwelling mass of buoyant material which seems suspiciously like a mantle plume heads predicted shape rising up adjacent to an old subducted slab wall that seems to have crashed down into the Core mantle boundary region. A slab wall probably involved in the story of the formation of the Rockies as it looks to be related to the subduction zone off the coast of Pangaea. That might very well cut North America in two though more along an east west divide likely involving one or more of the old reactivated rift scars either the Mesoproterozoic aged rift complex which formed the originally glacially re-excavated rift lakes we call the north American great lakes or the younger less well developed New Madrid fault which is a rift zone from the Cambrian which is noteworthy for recently reactivating after hundreds of millions of years. In the shorter term the Snake river plain is an extensive extensional zone active due to Yellowstone but also likely on the EPR just like Yellowstone hot spot is. The bits of crust getting torn off by the Pacific seem to be headed up towards Alaska so in a way the crust that was North America will probably survive somewhat reuniting in a very different configuration.
@Dragrath1 I'm having difficulty interpreting these long run-on sentences. But I do find the flat slab theory lacking. Could you please provide references to the latest theories explaining the orogeny of the modern Rocky Mountains?
Search 'How did the Rocky Mountains Form' by Nick Zentner@@rickwalker8763
What if the Rio Grande Rift connects to the failed rift zone under the Great Lakes? I would imagine the path of least resistance and slicing through the granite in Montana would be hard. It'll curve under Colorado and make its way towards the weakened fractures that already exist from the failed mid continent rift. Just a theory. :)
Soooooo we have no idea how the mountains formed.
Also, anybody else ever wonder why Pangea only takes place on half the planet???
Why describe a future North America as "dead?" When the Inland Sea of the Cretaceous divided the continent, it was merely one chapter in an entire life. And the continent reformed bigger than ever. Now if Texas wanted to drift away to continue its Regressivaceous Era for all eternity, I'd throw a goodbye party starting tomorrow.
Thanks for sharing Spark!
Globe "Planets" with oceans glued to a curved surface ? LOL 😂Here kids - Earth is a level plane comprised of fossilized flesh. The actual term is called Nucleophilic Substitution, with level Earth the Substrate. Mega titan dragon creatures 🐉🐲died here long ago, and their bodies are now limestone and granite ⛰🏔 mountains, and island chains etc. This type of creature was airborne, fire breathing and it's actual venom is where Crude Oil, Shale, and Coal come from. These Dragons (other creatures) bodies🐉are loaded with the 38 Transition Metals (e.g. - Fe, Au, Ag, Cu etc.) like the Appalachians Mts. 🏔(dragon) 🐉on the East coast USA. "Fossil Fuel" is a correct term like biogenic oil, but there is no true "Jurassic period", just the reality that ancient mega Titan reptilian creatures existed and limestone/granite mountains are the physical remains (Substrate). Go to google earth, remove borders and labels, and see the Atlas Mts. in Morocco for a starter dragon (1000 mi. baby), and notice the two colorful blue/red glands which secreted the black venom now called Crude Oil. There's also a 500 mile long fish 🐠as the Sahara Desert, leaving it's Si Silicon, and SiO2 sands laying next to that dragon as well. The east coast Appalachians/Blue Ridge Mts. are another multi head dragon, a Monster-0 type (lol) leaving shale, coal and the Mexican Gulf it's vast oil (Venom) deposits etc. The north Canadian Rockies are made of at least two separate dragon 🐉🐲creatures, leaving massive coal and crude oil (venom) deposits in Alaska and Yukon Territories etc. These mega-Titan fire breathing dragon creatures are the stuff of legends, and they are forever part of Earth Plane Topography (🐉=🏔), and our ancient level Earth's actual History. Now you know where gasoline, and metals for tooling comes from, 🐲🐉! ... Dragons !
Just think..there are people out there walking around thinking the Earth is just 6000 years old.
The music sounds like it is from a Bourne movie lol
The Appalachian Mountains used to be one of the tallest mountain ranges in the world and has eroded down to almost nothing and eventually will be pushed to the coast will they will erode to sand😢
This is a very good documentary, however, the constant interference of grandiose music makes it very unpleasant to watch. This is a common problem with many videos on TH-cam.
Sounds exactly like what is happening in Europe! I was in Europe in 1976 and to see what they glaciers look like now is sad, all eroding away.
Just like Arnold, "they'll be back" one day. Give it a couple million years.
I love the very scientific demonstration of how subduction works. Oil on a CD - sure, that works. 🤣
Granted, that example was not very descriptive. A better (and correct) explanation is that the slabs of oceanic crust which are cold and dense are pulled into the mantle by their own weight as soon as they slide below the continental crust. And the parts of oceanic crust that are still at the surface are pulled with them.
I wish they would have discussed the San Andres fault just a bit. I know it's not part of the Rockies, but it is part of the Pacific Plate.
There are many good videos related to the San Andreas fault--the boundary between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate--but the San Andreas fault which has nothing to do with the Rocky Mountains or how they were formed and developed millions of years after the Rocky Mountains were formed.
In that regard, it would have been very misleading to put any discussion of the San Andreas fault into a video of how the Rockies were formed.
"Rocks are rocky. But not bullwinkle-y."
---Albert Einstein
This channel is invaluable 😍
I love watching Naked Science; especially given my current attire (nothing)
Great video, but I had to stop halfway through, as it has way too many breaks for commercials.
Uni of New Mexico is maaaadd
Pollen dating seems to be a much more reliable method for dating ancient material rather than carbon dating.
Pollen dating only gives you relative ages if im not mistaken, which means you still need some kind of radiometric dating to get absolute years, a good way is to combine radiocarbon dating with dendrochonology.
Wait.. are they being topped up or eroding away. Both were said
Both. Any mountain is constantly being eroded, even when it is still in the process of being pushed up. That's what is currently happening with the Himalaya mountains or with the Alps. Water and ice wearing down the mountain rocks and gravity helping with that never stops.
Montana mentioned🗣️
*Let the Sunshine In...*
great music in this one
This show is talking about the rockies while showing clips of Alaska and Yosemite lmao.
All the billions and billions and billions of animals that had to die just so in the 21st century humans would be taken pretty pictures with their cell phones😢
several times you show Half Dome in Yosemite. Fix the video
Yet Eocene erosional surfaces on the tops of some of the mountains in Colorado?
Pile 2 was the only pile I was attracted to. Wow, I totally relate❤️
Glaciers in the Rockies have been retreating since about 1850, long before human CO2 exceeded baseline levels of 285 ppm. The retreat likely has nothing to do with human CO2 emissions, but promoting the CO2 myth is what gets you juicy research grants.
We were in an inter-glacial, so ice was melting but was not immune from local climate variability. None of which changes the observed global trends, and rate of warming. And projecting financial self-interest alongside crude denialism is what reveals your motives.
@@Rnankn Science should be conducted with rigorous debate and the collection and sharing of data and interpretations, not "consensus" based on computer models. As John Stewart Mills said "He who knows only his own side of the case, knows little of that". There is a lot of data and research out there that shows empirically that CO2, base primarily on its heat forcing capabilities being logarithmic, is relatively benign at its current levels and any level it may rise to (which geologic history confirms). You should escape the climate fear dogma and learn about the all of the science dealing with CO2
@@davefield8100 _"Science should be conducted with rigorous debate and the collection and sharing of data and interpretations, not "consensus" based on computer models."_
So where can we find your scientific papers in which you refute the climate models of the overwhelming majority not only of climatologists but also other scientists from within natural sciences (Geology etc.)?
As a hint: Do you know what oil, gas and coal are? They are remnants of plants and trees from the past that sequestered CO2 from the atmosphere, split it up into Carbon and Oxygen, releasing the Oxygen back into the atmosphere and using the Carbon to build up their bodies. These plants did so over millions and millions of years. There is even a whole geological period named after this process: The Carboniferous which lasted 60 million years.
And we humans are burning through these remnants and converting them back into CO2 within 150 years. The assumption that this is not going to have an impact on our climate - an impact btw we do already observe - is just ludicrous.
I didn’t know mountains had a root
Carbon dating is how age is found. It's not precise but pretty dam close.
Carbon dating got Mt. St. Helen’s new rock wrong. Oops. Shh.
Subduction zones elsewhere have volcanos...not sure that subduction is a valid theory here.
I bet the rockies were made by aliens
The Pacific plate wasn’t subducting, nor was the Farallon plate . North America hit a micro continent where there was Westerly subduction beneath the micro continent called the Insular Super Terrain or the ribbon Continent . When North America slammed into the super terrain this caused the stacked thrust faults and the block uplifts that made the Rockies over millions of years . After which the now added micro continent shifted North over millions of years building the Rockies Northward . Overtime other exotic terrains( eg Siletzia ) were added to the West Coast creating the West Coast of America that we know today . In which after this event ,Farallon subduction finally began east beneath North America until North America slammed into the East Pacific Rise, creating the transformed plate boundary known as the San Andreas fault with the Pacific plate heading north west and the North American plate in respect to the Pacific plate which is moving faster is heading south east . With only now the Jaun De Fuca plate left in the north , which is Subducting to the east creating the Cascades in the Pacific Northwest . Now to explain in more depth when you go back in time, North America had subduction happening Westward beneath this insular super terrain . My point being that the volcanic arc of that West subduction was the super terrain itself . From erupted material and uplift from the oceanic vs super terrain collision . This means the the landmass that was the super terrain would’ve been above sealevel .untill the ancient ocean closes completely causing a continent vs super terrain collision creating the very formation of the Rockies. Another reason that we know this to be true is because the material from the subduction of that ancient ocean floor stacked on top of each other which I call a ( folded slab ) well one of these folded slabs can actually be found beneath the mantle this is being made possible with new technology, allowing geologist to look within the mantle and one of these folded slabs dates perfectly with the position of North America at the time of the Rockies formation and the subduction itself as a subducting slab is the result of a trench, and in most cases, a trench will move with a continental, moving plate . Now from the latitude and position of this slab it shows that this folding was happening stationary as there was no movement to the east from this super terrain toward North America. Rather North America was encroaching towards this super terrain which was a volcanic arc from Westwood subduction . And like all landmasses, once all the ocean floor is subducted, it is a convergent collision story between two land masses above sea level, causing mountain building events that are not volcanic in origin.
Some scientists say they are 500 million years old.
Globe "Planets" with oceans glued to a curved surface ? LOL 😂Here kids - Earth is a level plane comprised of fossilized flesh. The actual term is called Nucleophilic Substitution, with level Earth the Substrate. Mega titan dragon creatures 🐉🐲died here long ago, and their bodies are now limestone and granite ⛰🏔 mountains, and island chains etc. This type of creature was airborne, fire breathing and it's actual venom is where Crude Oil, Shale, and Coal come from. These Dragons (other creatures) bodies🐉are loaded with the 38 Transition Metals (e.g. - Fe, Au, Ag, Cu etc.) like the Appalachians Mts. 🏔(dragon) 🐉on the East coast USA. "Fossil Fuel" is a correct term like biogenic oil, but there is no true "Jurassic period", just the reality that ancient mega Titan reptilian creatures existed and limestone/granite mountains are the physical remains (Substrate). Go to google earth, remove borders and labels, and see the Atlas Mts. in Morocco for a starter dragon (1000 mi. baby), and notice the two colorful blue/red glands which secreted the black venom now called Crude Oil. There's also a 500 mile long fish 🐠as the Sahara Desert, leaving it's Si Silicon, and SiO2 sands laying next to that dragon as well. The east coast Appalachians/Blue Ridge Mts. are another multi head dragon, a Monster-0 type (lol) leaving shale, coal and the Mexican Gulf it's vast oil (Venom) deposits etc. The north Canadian Rockies are made of at least two separate dragon 🐉🐲creatures, leaving massive coal and crude oil (venom) deposits in Alaska and Yukon Territories etc. These mega-Titan fire breathing dragon creatures are the stuff of legends, and they are forever part of Earth Plane Topography (🐉=🏔), and our ancient level Earth's actual History. Now you know where gasoline, and metals for tooling comes from, 🐲🐉! ... Dragons !
Amazing how they formed millions of years ago, 4000 years ago. Just ask Noah.
That's a religious myth without any evidence to it.
why am i watching embedded ads when i pay for premium? not cool. ended the video
Why is the music so loud.
So this means one day the western part of North America will disappear under the eastern part of North America
This is the 3rd different explanation for the formation of the Rockies that I’ve seen in a week. You got to love the soft sciences. You can literally make up your own story.
this is an old video, first aired 16 years ago in 2008 and a lot of it is just theories. The idea of plate tectonics are only about 100 years old, things are bound to change as new information becomes available and our theories expand, especially with technology these days.
Soft sciences? Wtf are you on about?
The processes that formed the Rockies were extremely complex. Most mountain ranges had one, maybe two "origins." The Rockies have basically all of them, at different times and to different extents. That could be part of the issue.
There's a good geologist who I think is named Marlon who makes TH-cam videos. He has one on the formation of the Rockies. He goes into detail and is a very good instructor. Give him a shot if you're interested.
It's Myron, not Marlon. My mistake!
(Myron Cook really is fantastic though, check out his stuff as well!)
Noah’s Flood explains all this very well
and God was there to oversee it.
The fountains of the great were deep were broken up and
and windows of heaven were opened and
rain poured down for 40 days. Now that could
do a lot of topographical change to a landscape
that was likely very flat and smooth world wide.
Ugh 2:30 the music is ridiculous 😂
The anthropogenic source of ha ha global warming.... I love it.
Great information but the dramatic music is so distracting I had to stop watching.
200 million years old? If you believe that then you have more faith than I do
The earth is vastly older than that.
The video mentioned the granitic bedrock of the southern Rockies is 1.7 billion years old.
Faith however is not required because of dating techniques such as carbon dating, uranium-lead dating, dating of volcanic tuffs,
as well as a process called oblation they can get very specific dates of origin of individuals silica grains.
@@joycefairfield9102 yeah I took a class in college I get it-to believe all of that takes great faith.
@@sfarrell71138 _"to believe all of that takes great faith"_
No. It needs the willingness to learn something about the involved natural sciences, especially Geology but also Physics (for instance when it comes to radiometric dating) and Paleontology.
Just sitting in your college class and staring holes into the air won't cut it. Physical presence in your class won't teach you things when you are mentally absent.
@@7inrain Lets agree to disagree. The Bible is pretty solid and everyone is starting to wake up to that fact and you obviously haven’t. Its cool. Are you an atheist by chance? I respect what you’re saying though.
@@sfarrell71138 _"Lets agree to disagree."_
The question is who has the better arguments. I'm pretty sure Geology has them, not you.
_"The Bible is pretty solid and everyone is starting to wake up to that fact and you obviously haven’t."_
Oh, suddenly we talk about a religious book of myths which can't tell us anything about Geology and whose authors didn't even know the Earth orbits the Sun. Are you sure we are discussing the same topic?
_"Its cool."_
It is not. It represents the worldview of societies from 2,000 - 3,000 years ago. And depending on in which time period the different books from the OT or the NT were written these were pretty barbaric worldviews which support genocide, femicide, slavery. And they don't teach us anything about science.
_"Are you an atheist by chance?"_
Yes. But this fact has only marginal relevance concerning my views on Geology or science in general.
That woman towards the end look like one of those creatures that lived in Burrows 250 million years ago😂😂😂
Beautiful pictures of mountains, but too much flashing, sparkling, drumming, sudden blasts of sound. Is this a science program or a rock concert? I'm gone.
Had to stop at the 7:00 mark because the Pacific Plate did Not subduct under the NA Plate!
As a Floridian, can we expedite California’s departure from mainland US. Thanks.
As a non Floridian, I have to inform you that Florida as we know it is much more likely to be leaving (in the near term) the mainland than California, as most of it could be under water in another 100 years.
Good riddance Florida.
And the Younger Dryess ?
Climbers dream
The means used to date the age of these mountains and rocks are actually a Super Wild Ass Guess.
Mt. St. Helens blew up in 1980 and rocks were created in the lava flows which date to being 10,000 years old or so. Just saying.
Not true ,your conclusion is based on your wild ass guess.
Why not a hundred billion trillion years?
You weren’t there and these things can
change in a single night.
There was a time when there were no glaciers. Are there glaciers in Britain? Did there used to be? How long ago? Erosion is normal. Eventually the Earth will cool and orogeny will cease. This is normal. Pity they thought they required the silly photo effects and lame demos.
all cats have fur...therefore if an animal has fur..he must be a cat...silly right? This presentation was done in the same mindset...the Geologists here all assume no special Creation, billions of years, and present processes...but among many other things that show the fallacy of that thinking, consider this: in all major mountain chains, uplift is still occuring, so is erosion, but the pace of erosion is much faster than uplift, so how could any mountain form? Consider as well this: why do all the major chains look brittle and broken in jagged profiles? millions of years of erosion would erase any sharp edges, and the sheer walls seen so often could not withstand the force of gravity for hundreds of thousands of years, they would have long since collapsed.
Take your meds and lay down for a nice little nap.
horrible background music
I wish these shows would concentrate more on the soecific, granular evidence rather than making sweeping conclusions that are oater refuted by updated science (and bible scholars)
Lol 🤡
Bible scholars? History recorded hundreds of years after the fact in the Old Testament and just generation after the fact in the New Testament.
Considering the Yellowstone super volcano is over due, so Id say that'll happen 20 more times first..
Time to replace the red bandana with a tin foil lol
@@markmuller7962 Actually as both processes are playing out in timescales of millions of years no need for the tinfoil hat just a time machine or a cure for aging that will let you live for millions of years.
Yellowstone has erupted before and will erupt again with the majority of its eruptive activity still taking place in the adjacent snake river plain with the last eruption there being basaltic in nature around 2 thousand years ago. It will form a new caldera eruption at some point in the next million or so years as North America moves to the southwest pushing the hotspot deeper into north Wyoming and eventually into Montana and eventually Canada.
That said there is also evidence via seismic tomography that there is likely a link between the Rio Grande and Yellowstone in that we have evidence that prior to North America encounter the hotspot it had formed along the East Pacific Rise due to igneous petrology and we can see the slow sheer velocity zone that connects the Juan de Fuca plate to Yellowstone to the Rio Grande to the East Pacific Rise underneath the continent. If so everything to the south of the Snake river plain and west of the Rio Grande may one day find its way up towards Alaska joining the Baja peninsula and likely the Sierra Nevada Great Valley block which has already been partway sheered off the continent.
Yeah as an amusing aside Southern California it seems, is quite literally in the process of seceding from the continent some of the Grabens along the eastern boundary such as death valley and the Salton Sea are already below sea level and only kept dry because of a combination of a higher elevation section of crust still dividing them off from the Pacific Ocean for now and the sheer aridity of the region meaning there isn't enough water to fill these basins. In fact of the so called "super volcanoes" the Long Valley Caldera is probably the one which is closest to producing its next ultraplinian eruption perhaps something on the order of 20,000+ years from now.
Anyways if smaller eruptions from Yellowstone are counted yeah 20 or more eruptions before the rift has completely severed Colorado and most of New Mexico west from the continent.
Edit there is also the Dotsero maar eruption only a few thousand years ago as well as some older nearby cinder cones which suggest future activity between the Colorado plateau and North America. Frankly the rifting is why the Grand Canyon exists as only the rapid rate of magmatic uplift coupled with the rigidity of continental crust can produce such features. Its only true counterpart seems to be in the southeastern zone of the African rift valley system.
Ever hear of carbon dating?
The backbone of North America? Who writes this idiotic talk? I'm out of here.
You guys have some cracked analogies 😂😂... granite backs, mountain garbage police investigating
or a celestial body moving through our solar system causing the mountains to rise
Geologically speaking Everything about the show is fault. We don’t know how the Rockies are actually built because There too young and we don’t know the mechanism is pushing them up because they are still rising. This is conjecture being portrayed as fact.
One example of this is where they mention the Pacific plate subducting it’s all wrong. It was the ancient Farallon plate that was subducting until North America crossed the East Pacific rise, creating the San Andreas fault we know today . we only have in the Pacific Northwest the Jaun De Fuca Plate subducting creating the Cascades and the Pacific plate grinding along the San Andreas fault in the south. My point being that from the East Pacific rise , the Pacific plate is heading westward towards Japan away from North America, while the Farallon plate was heading to the East toward North America , so therefore in plate trajectory we are dealing with the Pacific plate, which clearly can’t subduct even back then if it was heading to the west from the east Pacific rise.
There is no way the Pacific plate is moving "west"?? Where did you get that? The Atlantic ocean is expanding, right up thru Iceland. How do you figure that the Pacific is not shrinking? Or why would earth create the Canadian Rockies, but then reverse direction at the US border?
You need to re-evaluate your dependence on the religion of AGW Denial.
@@lengould9262 see this is the very thing with science when more evidence shows itself you change your interpretation if what you’re saying, turns out to be true then I intern will change my interpretation but until more evidence comes out. My interpretation stands science, always have an interpretation of how something works weather be through sediment layers, turbidities volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, etc which are all part of plate tectonics . Now my point is that there are a lot of things still being studied and discussed, including the Rockies. One person I would highly recommend is Nick Zentner from the University of Ellensburg, Washington. He has studied the Cascades for many years and has the many lectures on these things, including the Rockies more information comes from him, and you will understand from his words that he does truly understand the true nature of science, which is why I’m following him in the sense of what he’s saying, I love this earth and I would love to know more about it. I am not passing judgement on to you as everyone’s input is important for science. That is how we discover new things, but everyone needs to work together and not be judging each other on their opinions, you are allowed to debate, but no one should judge someone else on their opinion.
@@lengould9262 well dude you probably should go get an education then because the whole Pacific plate is moving 3 in a year that's why there is a string of islands from the Big Island all the way to Asia
@@lengould9262 look bro just go look it up somewhere else you'll see when I'm talking about and yes the whole damn thing is moving all over the place the Pacific Northwest is actually turning counterclockwise
🤥 you mean the 5,000 year history.
Wrong
This documentary must be old, there are no lgbtq+ people.
Good point! The LGBT nonsense has hijacked society.
No one can prove anything is 200 million years old. Its all ASSUMPTION and theoretical - like Neil Tysons"intelligence"
Please… have you heard of carbon dating?
My grandfather would always say, "They're just creating themselves a job,"
You should have stayed in school. Geochemistry is based on isotopes used for dating.
Religion is poison 👍
Exactly right. Nobody has a clue how old these things are. Carbon dating is complete whimsical science.
There is no million years ago, it's only been thousands of years ago only ! …
According to the Bible study that I have found & learned it all in, which is the authorized King James Bible version thousands of years only not anything more than that …
Funny guy.
The bible was written by the same people that wrote lord of the rings and Paddington bear. The first "God" wasn't even the Christian God. Gods aren't real and if they are you should be worried because anyone who forces people to live on planet full of disease starvation and natural disasters isn't really going to be a good being is it.
We're now living in the future 🔚 times as it's written in the word of our God! 🙏🏻
@@reb2322
Then you make God the author of death and of sin.
Exodus 20:8-11 makes it very clear that when God said a day, he meant a literal day.
Troll
1 Timothy 6:20 O Timothy, keep that which is committed to thy trust, avoiding profane and vain babblings, and oppositions of science falsely so called:
1 Corinthians 15
1 Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein ye stand;
2 By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain.
3 For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures;
4 And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures:
I will trust the scientists.
You do you though.
@@joycefairfield9102 You will stop one day !!!
Psalms 53:1 The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God............
@@joycefairfield9102 You are in a religion (which requires faith !!! .....faith in things that supposedly happen 4.5 billions years ago !!! ....the so called scientist you trust can't probably change a spare tire on their cars ....but you trust them anyway!!!
@@jacquesvincent3897 The elementary school dropout says in his empty head: "There is an invisible man in the sky who did it all. The science I know nothing about must surely be lying."
@@7inrain Yes they are !!! ....And you will see one day !!! .
can we just give the dems the west side?
The uplift began after the global flood. To deny that there was a global flood is like denying that you have a nose in front of your face.
Source?
@@jonash6070
Your eyes.
@@larrybedouin2921 lmao try again. 🤣
You have the burden of proving that fairy tale. Until then you are just a troll.
@larrybedouin2921 Could you please make a video explaining and illustrating the physical processes that caused uplift of the Rocky Mountains in just a few thousands of years? I am open to better understanding.
Omg, this is lame