Manhattan's Grid, Explained
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Manhattan's Grid is a defining feature of New York City's Map, but the origins are pretty mysterious. The author of 'The Greatest Grid', Gerard Koeppel gives some insight.
Gerards book: gerardkoeppel....
Tons more info here: thegreatestgri...
This is a cool map of the neighborhoods of NYC by the NYT: www.nytimes.co...
The NYT article I referenced: www.nytimes.co...
A really detailed map of Randel's survey work: gigapan.com/gi...
Patreon: / danielsteiner
The way New York (one of the biggest cities on earth) was planned like a school group project where everyone procrastinated until last minute before the deadline is incredibly funny
And it being copied homework essentially
Biggest city on earth ? Lmao it doesn’t even cut top 30
@@Arthurboy777 so out of thousands of cities in earth it’s in the top 50/100. So…. One of the biggest. Like the comment said.
@@Arthurboy777 lmao I just looked it up NYC is at LEAST in the top 15 largest cities in the world
@@Arthurboy777 As of 2023, New York urban area is the 13th-largest in the world.
It was immediately apparent this plan was thought up the night before their homework was due. Some of the best work is done this way...
Haha... Yeah, some of us do our best work under pressure, eh? As in: In college, some the papers/articles/studies that I wrote the night before they were due always seemed to get the best reception/grades. 🤔.
(One in particular, when I misinterpreted an assignment and had to bang out a twenty-pager in the 14-ish hours before class... Got a full grade, and my prof had it published! (In some utterly obscure etymology/philology journal, but, still: nice... Maybe I ought to procrastinate more!)
This is not best work, it's an atrocity.
Something also interesting to mention: Broadway isn't just in Manhattan! It runs from Bowling Green through Manhattan for 13 miles/20.9 km, goes for two miles/3.2 km through the Bronx, and then 18 miles/29 km through Westchester County where it finally ends at Sleepy Hollow! It is the oldest north-south main thoroughfare in New York City, with much of the current street beginning as the Wickquasgeck trail before the arrival of Europeans. This then formed the basis for one of the primary thoroughfares of New Amsterdam, which of course continued under British rule, although most of it did not bear its current name until the late 19th century.
Broadway was originally the Wickquasgeck trail, carved into the brush of Manhattan by its Native American inhabitants. This trail originally snaked through swamps and rocks along the length of Manhattan Island. Upon the arrival of the Dutch, the Wickquasgeck trail was widened, and soon became the main road through the island. The Dutch called it the Heeren Wegh or Heeren Straat, meaning "Gentlemen's Way" or "Gentlemen's Street". After the British took over, the part of Broadway in what is now Lower Manhattan was initially known as Great George Street, but the name Broadway was eventually given to its entire length because of its unusual width.
These kinda of comments are me absolute favorite. Thank you so much for adding context and value! 🙏🏻🙏🏻
Actually, it goes all the way to Albany. Broadway was extended over three hundred years ago to build the Albany Post Road. Currently it is part of US route 9, which runs to the Canadian border.
@@urbangorilla33 Technically yes, but beyond Sleepy Hollow, it's no longer called Broadway! So officially, it's only called Broadway between Sleepy Hollow and Lower Manhattan.
Great contribution to this master piece, when we look to the past in such turbulent times, having a sustancious data is a challenge, but the way this is connected explains a lot the development of a city that it’s closely connected to the financial and status relevance of the family who immigrate to New York especially along the Hudson River, just find out bout Croton-Reservoir keys being hold in the city’s Dam you can find out in the recent exposition of NYC in NYPL (New York Public Library)
@@AverytheCubanAmericanThough - fittingly - it becomes Broadway again in Albany.
As someone from Ireland this is so surreal to me. I live surrounded by green fields, hills, ancient sites, and weird roads that were made to go around the existing landscape. It's quite fascinating to see just how tightly packed and neatly laid out this city is. I've never been to New York, so I only really see snapshots and small areas in films & on TV. This was a great video.
Interestingly, Limerick City in Ireland is suggested to be the inspiration/pilot for the Manhattan grid.
Fun fact; most of the alleyways you see in TVs and movies don't exist in New York City. The scenes where likely filmed in LA or Atlanta for ease of access and expenses since modern NYC has very few alleyways.
Melbourne Australia had a similar design layout history but on 1/100th scale. NY is insanely huge, maps make it look small, Central Park by itself is bigger than some CBD's
I grew up "outside" the city by about an our. Most likely how you live. Grew up surrounded by old farms, rock walls in the woods, running around until night fall. My mother would take us to the city once or twice a year. Driving from our house into the hear of "the city" was surreal as a child. I watched as the trees and farms dissolved away with the miles into the concrete jungle. The experience even more dramatic when we would take the train into grand central. From birds and crickets to 27/7 activity, traffic, light etc.
I live in Denver now. Been around the world. Lived in NZ. Noting compares to NYC. Nothing. Its worth the visit. I swear. Looking down from a high rise apartment's at 3 in the morning, people everywhere. It shouldnt work. Just to much going on. To many layers. It a different rhythm, and beauty.
@@MannyGreyor Vancouver.
While talking about the origins of NYC streets, the origin of why Canal Street is called such is interesting! Ding ding ding, it's called such because there was once a canal! But there's more than that. The area was once home to Collect Pond, one of the city's few sources of freshwater. In the 18th century, the pond was used as a picnic area during summer and a skating rink during the winter. Beginning in the early 18th century, various commercial enterprises were built along the shores of the pond in order to use the water. For the first two centuries of European settlement in Manhattan, it was the main New York City water supply system for the growing city.
It became polluted because of everyone doing their business there, as well as run-off from tanneries. So it was drained via a canal so they could eventually put landfill there. This area is where the Irish first moved to in NYC (because it was all they could afford), which eventually became known as the most dangerous neighborhood in the world, Five Points, because of the area's Irish gangs
Yess! Thank you for sharing! The collect pond to China town story is endlessly interesting to me 🙏🏻🙏🏻
The area is now known as Foley Square, where federal and city courthouses are located. From the most dangerous to a center of the NYC legal system.
As for Canal Street, water is still flowing through the "canal". When the Manhattan Bridge was closed for major repairs decades ago, they must've turned off the sump pumps for the tracks now used by the N and Q trains leading up to the bridge. The tracks were flooded with a few feet of stagnant water, until they rebuilt the tracks and roadbed in preparation for the bridge's reopening.
@@zorkmid1083even more dangerous than before
I think you read this book too
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotham:_A_History_of_New_York_City_to_1898
I’m a lifelong NYC lover from CT.
Part of my love is the ability to find yourself easily, vs. random street names like in Boston.
This reminds me of the sophisticated urban planning of Barcelona. Heck, they PIONEERED it! Barcelona's Ildefons Cerdà was the guy who coined the term urbanization and changed the way we think about cities! Constricted by its medieval walls, Barcelona was suffocating as its population overflowed and couldn't handle the density with high mortality rates, until the then unknown Ildefons came up with a radical expansion plan. His plan consisted of a grid of streets that would unite the old city with seven peripheral villages (which later became integral Barcelona neighborhoods such as Gràcia and Sarrià). The united area was almost four times the size of the old city and would come to be known as Eixample.
Cerdà decided to avoid repeating past errors by undertaking a comprehensive study of how the working classes lived in the old city. He concluded that, among other things, the narrower the city’s streets, the more deaths occurred. He added gardens in each block, made sure access to services for the rich and poor were equal, and made room for smooth-flowing traffic. The octagonal blocks, chamfered in the corners, were his unique idea to deal with traffic, allowing drivers to see more easily what was happening to the left and right. Cars of course didn't exist then, but when he learned about trains, he figured there would be some sort of thing powered by steam that would use the streets. His gravestone, fittingly, is a model of the Eixample.
Yoo avery i havent seen you comment in a while
I lived in Sarrià for 6 months and had no idea about this. Thanks!
If this video was an hour and a half. I’d watch it all
You are absolutely killing it Daniel! First with the Boston map video, and now this. I immediately subscribed, and am sharing this with everyone I know 👏
The landscape along what is now the Park’s perimeter from West 82nd to West 89th Street was the site of Seneca Village, a community of predominantly African-Americans, many of whom owned property. By 1855, the village consisted of approximately 225 residents, made up of roughly two-thirds African-Americans, one-third Irish immigrants, and a small number of individuals of German descent. One of few African-American enclaves at the time, Seneca Village allowed residents to live away from the more built-up sections of downtown Manhattan and escape the unhealthy conditions and racial discrimination they faced there.
Casimir Goerck is finally getting the recognition he deserves. He thanks you from the beyond
I didn’t realize how small of a youtuber you were until I finished the video. I thought you’d have hundreds of thousands of subs. Great video! I’d love to see more about New Yorks human created geography and even the natural geography, especially with Long Island
Thank you so much!
Another example of a grid city is the capital of Malta: Valletta. It's tiny (fewer than 6000 people live there), but it's an extremely impressive piece of baroque architecture, replete with churches, palaces, and massive fortifications.
Even as a lifelong Nee Yorker (Manhattanite) whose life essentially revolves around the grid, I’ve learnt a thing or two from this video. Good work!
Excellent presentation!
I grew up in Chelsea in the 1960s, but went to school in the Village. Chelsea was built on the 1811 grid system; the Village, as you point out, was not. From the time I was old enough to comprehend it, I was struck by that strange transition from the Manhattan grid to the ordered but self-contained planning of the Village. Then there was 7th Avenue South. Even though 7th Avenue South had been driven through the Village some decades before my time, it pushed through the neighborhood rather rudely, with surviving buildings just sliced off at strange angles and some streets, like Bleeker, Barrow, and 7th Avenue South, meeting at strange, extremely acute angles. It really looked like an interloper, and it still does. I think it was one of Robert Moses's early projects,
As an aside, many of the landowners were made extremely wealthy by the street grid. In Chelsea, Clement Clarke Moore, who owned the Chelsea estate, was already very well-to-do when the streets and avenues were cut through, but the street grid increased the value of his land exponentially. He brought in an estate manager, James N Wells, to oversee the development of Chelsea beginning in the 1820s. Moore was initially opposed to the 1811 street grid. It required the demolition of his own house, which he loved, to make way for 23rd Street. I am sure all the income from the lots he sold to real estate developers lessened the pain of the bitter pill he had to swallow. Most of the Greek Revival and Italianate row houses in Chelsea were built while Moore was still alive, and most are still there today.
Fascinating!! Thank u for sharing! I came across a couple stories of land owners becoming extremely wealthy almost by accident. Pretty crazy impact of the grid!
@@DanielsimsSteiner Thanks! Real estate and gentrification seem to be two constants in the life of NYC going back to Dutch days. The Chelsea of my youth was a blue-collar Irish and Puerto Rican neighborhood, with a smattering of artists around the edges. It's gone through several waves of gentrification since. Brownstones that sold for $35,000 in 1970 are now selling for about $3 million.
@@christopherstephenjenksbsg4944 That's everywhere in NY. I grew up in Flushing Queens. My grandparents bought for less than 20,000 in the 60s. They sold for $250,000 in the late 90s. The property is worth nearly 2 million today.
I always scold them for making me poor. They moved to Florida as most old people do... & Into a home worth $50,000 which is now worth $100,000 & passed away in debt rather than rent out what would have been a 3 family home.
They owned 2 such properties in NY, including the last undeveloped land in Astoria Queens. An apartment building with 2 units built in the 1920s (maybe older), on which now stands the ugliest thing you've ever seen & gone is the garden my great grandparents used to plant yearly. No more fat tomatoes, or roses, or cucumbers, etc.
Hell. They could have made money just turning it into a parking lot & renting the spaces...
If New York city stayed Neoclassical and Art Deco it would have been one of the most beautiful cities in the world and will definitely rivals ancient cities like Rome, Paris and London when it comes to beauty and architecture. Love the Flat iron building, Chrystler and Empire state building.
ah yes but then Robert Moses came along
@@robertkeyes258 Robert Moses was New York City's worst vandal and biggest cultural criminal
I worked at 47th and Lex for years. Love the Chrysler Building; even more than the ESB (probably true for a lot of NYrs)! It was my Double Probation-Super Secret way to get to the GCT subway.
@@robertkeyes258
There’s a special level for him in Hades.
Keep the videos up! Find it absolutely fascinating learning about the urban geography of these unique cities.
Keep up the good work. I am excited to see your channel grow to over 1M subs-just stick with it! 💪
😭😭😭🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻🤞🏼🤞🏼🤞🏼 thank you!
Fun fact: In fiscal year 2023, NYC issued approximately 15.5 million parking and camera violations, resulting in about $1.08 billion in fines. This translates to roughly $2.96 million in parking ticket revenue per day.
Do Chicago next! I’ve done a crap ton of research on it here and I can show you around.
Send me an email!
Omg I asked for a NYC map video after watching your Boston video, and here it is!!! Thank you 🎁
Hope you enjoyed it!🎉 thank u for watching!
This is the start of a great channel!
Thank you!
I have just discovered this channel. The short about Manhattan came up on my feed this morning, and it was so interesting that I looked up the longer version. I love what you're doing here, and I have subscribed.
Excellent video and very well presented. Maps and animations works so good. Thumbs up, well done 👍
Damn I hope you find a way to put out more content these videos are incredible
love this channel, love what you're putting out...exquisite production values for a small operation...high end infotainment!
Much appreciated! 🙏🏻🙏🏻
As a New Yorker and also as someone who loves maps and production, just wanted to give you kudos for the work it took to put this video together! I usually incorporate maps in my travel videos and know how much of a lift it is to recreate and animate them. This was super informative and fun to watch! Great job. :)
Would absolutely love a video like this about Toronto, Ontario, or Buffalo, New York!! Love this format!
this is a video that I was on the fence about watching and never clicked. but I saw your short explaining a bit of it, and voila. here I am
Editing and everything just hits
I wish the central park section would have included some information on Seneca village and the turmoil the park caused for them.
This is a remarkably well-produced channel and other videos. Keep up the great work.
Thank you so much!!
SLAYED i love learning
I absolutely love this! Looking forward to watching your other videos, especially the one re. Boston.
another really awesome video man, you’re absolutely killing it
Amazing map video I can't wait to watch the rest of your videos!
Thank you! I’m glad you like them!
Fascinating as are all your videos!
I really don't understand why anyone hates the grid. It makes it so simple, especially for such a heavily populated city. It's simplicity is it's magic. You know based on the number of the street and avenue where you are geographically. I can't even imagine what a disaster it would be without it.
Hey stop speaking common sense. I don’t want that in my backyard!!!
I respect the Gridfather! The Grid! logic, reason, easy to navigate.
Go to Paris, drive around for a couple of days. I'll wait.
amazing editing! awesome pace! great video!
Thank you sm!!
This is the kind of content I wanna see more of ❤ its great how you dont diretly assume that every viewer is from America.
Really interesting thank you for the information, excellent writing and clear story structure
The addition of 1 way streets is the real mystery of Manhattan. Just getting across the street in some places is a 45 minute trip!
Pretty much all streets in Manhattan are one-way. This is what distinguishes the Avenue Streets (Canal/Houston/14th/23rd/34th/42nd/57th, etc.) -- they are two-way. Also, the grid-within-a-grid: the even-numbered one-way streets go east, the odd-numbered, west.
Fun fact: at the time of the commissioner's plan, the biggest landlord in Manhattan was John Jacob Astor, born in Walldorf near Heidelberg (thus Waldorf-Astoria). 25 km from Walldorf is Mannheim, founded in 1607 and originally built in a grit. Mannheim may be the blueprint for today's New York.
What a wonderful watch.
Many years ago a friend of mine lived at a corner that is not supposed to exist in the grid plan, yet does - the intersection of two numbered streets. He lived at the intersection of 4th street and 12th street.
Residents: So how exactly did you design this city?
Planners: 🗿🗿🗿
You make such terrific videos Daniel, those who get the privilege of watching them really appreciate the incredible amount of production value, and work you put in. Big things ahead keep up the good work my man!
Whoa. This means so much. Thank you thank you 🙏🏻
Please do Seattle! I would love it so much. Loving your videos, really high quality content. I will keep coming back to it
Nice content. I have lived here in Manhattan most of my life and never knew about it.
these videos are just so entertaining
I wish you talked more about the Common Lands and the people who lived there before being displaced for the construction of Central Park. I'm sure it'll make a great video.
Great as always Daniel! Fan of your videos, you don't get lost and keep us focused the whole video. Hope to watch more of this soon! 🙌
Wow thanks so much!! Means a lot 🙏🏻
Criminal these vids havent blown up more, theyre fantastic. Stick with it.
😭🙏🏻🙏🏻
I humbly request a breakdown like this of Denver!
i realized at some point that because of the grid here i never really knew what street i was on, i just had to look at which direction the cars were going and i’d find my way around. in high school id rarely travel further than west 4th because the streets started getting wonky and i’d immediately be lost. i hate so much about this place but the grid system definitely is something i’ve always appreciated.
This was awesome. I lived in the west village for 20 years and always wondered about Houston street. Thanks so much for making this, great video.
Great job on this one!
It is an amazing design Manhattan is a impressive place, you may not want to have that exact formula for every city in the world many other cities are beautiful as well for their own features and all of that is very good!
The numbered streets continue all the way to Westchester County, so I wonder when it was decided that The Bronx was to continue the numbers from where Manhattan left off.
Also, whereas 5th Avenue is the E/W divider in Manhattan, Jerome Avenue serves that role for The Bronx.
The book and the video leave out the story of Henry Brevoort who owned the farm at the precise location where Broadway bends at tenth street. There is a famous poem called the Dutchman’s Quirk by Arthur Guilerman that attributes the bend of Broadway thereafter to his refusal to allow the city to cut down his favorite tree.
Yes! Super interesting story!
Best video on Manhattan's development, thanks so much!!
Funny that you guys pronounce Houston, the way a Dutchman would pronounce it. Crazy to see how much Dutch influence you can still see in New York. Like to know where the grid plan probably came from? Just look back at the Netherlands. Grids are pretty common over here. The best example is the 17th century reclaimed land project, called the Beemster Polder. It’s a unesco world heritage site.
Greetings from Haarlem, the Netherlands. (Yes, the original Haarlem)
This was fantastic, thank you for putting it together. I've heard Broadway's route has been in use for nearly 400 years.
This is true. Broadway is the south end of what's usually called the Albany Post Road, a road that stretched, as the name implies, as far as Albany. It goes through the historic center many of the towns along the way.
Fantastic work! Thanks! New subscriber. As a resident in another large grid city - Toronto - have often wondered where / why the street layout came from. Arterials seem to be largely just an organic extension of the county concession roads. But wow, has the city grown in 200 years. 200 years ago Queen Street (Lot Street) was the *northern* boundary of Toronto. 🤯
Just a few days ago i'm wondering about this issue...and " voila"...Just came to me. Thank you for this Master class. Hugs from Brasil
This is an excellent video, but I was pained when you just glossed over the tragedy of Seneca Village.
“Today, just taxis and assh…” would not have been wrong.
sick video. Love that stuyvesant detail
You're very, very good at this stuff. Keep it up!!!!
Video was amazing...love old NYC history keep it up
Perfectly grid shaped cities was an idea that came up to the ancient Romans and implemented systematically on a large scale in all the cities they founded across the empire. The beauty of this is that the grid roads survived more than 20 centuries of history and are still with us today.
Look for example at the italian city of Piacenza on google maps (in satellite images mode), founded by the Romans in 218 BC (22 centuries ago!). The city center is still today a perfect square of equally spaced 90° roads (like a chessboard). The roads were laid down by the Romans and are still there after 2200 years of continuous use!!! Many italian cities have their center still laid down in this way, thanks to their foundation at the time of the Roman Empire. The 2 roads crossing at the center of the chessboard were aligned with the roman consular roads connecting the cities, and still today this alignment is there!! Amazing.
Another good example to check is the city of Lucca, here you can also see an oval shaped square, and surrounding oval shaped road, that were built upon the ruins of the ancient Roman anfitheater, retaining its shape.
loved this video! it's easily one of the best I've stumbled upon about this topic! so glad TH-cam suggested this to me. your work is simply amazing!
6:40 "They didn't come up with any plan until the 11th hour, and when they did it wasn't even original" Glad to see group projects have always been the same
Another street that once acted as a barrier in what's now Lower Manhattan is Wall Street! And no, I'm not talking about the stock exchange. Like how Canal Street is named such because it once had a canal, Wall Street once had a wall! And before the stock exchange, Wall Street was selected for Federal Hall which was both NYC's first City Hall and the US's first Congress when NYC was the nation's capital (hence Federal Hall). Some historians have stated that Wall Street is anglicized from the former "de Waal Straat" (which was the center of a small Walloon community), however this was proven false as "de Waal Straat" is now a section of Pearl Street rather than Wall Street. Wall Street was first known as Het Cingel or "the Belt"!
The wall there was built by the Dutch during the first Anglo-Dutch War in the early 1650s because they feared an overland invasion from New England. After the Dutch gave up New Netherland and its capital New Amsterdam in 1674, the wall remained until 1699 in order to expand the city limits! And while we're talking about the Dutch's former presence in Lower Manhattan, Bowery is the English version of bouwerie or bouwerij, an old Dutch word for farm! It connected the farmland on what was then the outskirts of the City to the Wall Street area. Until 1807 it was known as Bowery Lane, but today is simply named Bowery.
I’m loving this additional info. Thank you!!
IT WAS NOT BUILT BY PUP CRAWLING, DRUNKEN SAILORS OR LITTLE FARMERS. IT WAS BUILT BY THE BLACK SLAVES WHO BUILT MOST OF COLONIAL NEW YORK CITY. A BARRIER FOR THE NATIVE TRIBES.
NEW YORK WAS A MAJOR SLAVE PORT AND MOST HEAVY AND DANGEROUS CONSTRUCTION: LIKE THE TERRA FORMING AND LEVELING OF THE STREETS AND BLOCKS AND THE INITIAL WORK ON THE BROOKLYN BRIDGE AND CENTRAL PARFK, BY THEN RECENTLY FREEDMEN BUT STILL PRACTICALLY INDENTURED LABOR. SLAVES WERE ESSENTIAL TO THE EXISTENCE OF THE DUTCH AND THEN ENGLISH COLONY.
SLAVES WERE HERE IN NUMBERS BEFORE THE ENGLISH AND EVERY OTHER ETHNIC AND NATIONAL IMMIGRANT POPULATIONS WERE.
Just found your channel. Im an old land pirate that finds this stuff interesting. Great job!
Great video. One minor correction: Avenues A, B, C, and D (Alphabet City) are in the East Village, not the Lower East Side.
When did the term “East Village” start to be used?
Great content. Might be fun to dive a little deeper or possibly do another city. Keep up the great work.
Great video and original research! I thought this was a topic that had already been covered to death, but you brought something new to my knowledge of NYC history!
You mentioned Madison and Lexington avenues being added in to main 12 avenues. When/why did these come in?
This was actually an aside that I ended up not fully pursing so I don’t know the details but I found it interesting. It was the private land owner who owned what is now Delancy Park. They and some other owners thought the avenues didn’t provide enough access so they pushed to have those two and Irving place added as it was built.
And also thank u sm! 🙏🏻
The best explanation is can give, Dutch Farmers divided their lands is rectangular shapes, especially when they gained new land in the 1500-1900s
What about the Ken Burns documentary on Manhattan where he explains in detail why the grid is the way it is?
Grids are tense and claustrophobic.
Oooo I like this kind of content! Awesome vid man great job!
Phenomenal content, glad I found your channel. SUBSCRIBED!!
Great storytelling and really impressive production! Super fascinating stuff, can't wait for your future videos
Well researched thoughtful and ernest presentation. Well done.
This channel should have way more subs
“Land had no purpose…” three Doritos later… “thousands of blacks and Irish people were displaced because of this” hmmmm purpose for whom?
I suspect he’s voting for Trump
“Nobody wanted that land”
“10 years before the Commissioner’s Plan, there was a plan to divide up the Common Lands into plots to sell.”
He really just be glossing right by the real motivations for the drawing of boarders. It’s a very yt washed history
This vid is fire
Thank you for this! Always wondered the origins of the grid.
how abt a video on Ho Chi Minh City District 1's Grid compare to the rest of the city, thats a history lesson. Now thats something I want to see, thank you.
Hahaha 🫡🫡🫡 I can’t wait to do that video
@@DanielsimsSteiner love all your videos, but ofc none will match HCMC explainer when it comes out lol. Not sure if you need it but if you need any inputs from a native just lemme know. Thanks Daniel
I love maps. Thank you so mich for this wonderful Video. I really enjoyed it. I must check out the rest of your channel - later.
Can you share links to the other maps used in the video, such as the ones at 2:59, and 9:44?
I wonder what Manhattan would have looked like if they had used a more organic layout that gracefully harmonized with the natural geography and the gradients of the island's original terrain.
Great Vid! I was wondering how you did the animations of the maps?
Very interesting!
Thanks Danny. Great info.
Great research! Great video!
Read about this many years ago how the city planners paved over old used roads, not just here in the states but in many places. Visited Medellin Colombia and its the same thing. All the “slip”named streets had a, water slip. Very interesting history. Thanks for making it a vid
The grid system is perfect for Corralling people into zones around industrial areas also an easy way to separate the them’s from the us
Begin at once to live and count each separate day as a separate life.