@@flowinsounds how's it living in such a negative universe all your own and all alone??!!And he didn't save my parents, brother, granddaughter, son...... Dream on. Reality rules. Maybe try it sometime. Before it's too late.
@@danielvermeer3363 No, it's like Informative rather than uninformative as is becoming more increasingly popular nowadays. Our current government as a good example. As in Providing little or no information; not informative; lacking useful or interesting information.
It always impresses me what dedicated, hard working people can achieve when they put their minds to something. For so many of us our jobs are filled with trivialities, so its heartening to know there are big projects out there, which are moving us forward.
Us? Them? Who? I’m not sure we’re all on the same boat... many people die like mosquitoes, many people live with depression and with no direction, many people like myself never even find a job and just hang out there doing nothing, writing, watching videos. For many people this planet could just explode and it won’t make a difference. I’m not sure this is forward, but at least it’s free!
@@yagalamaga I'm sorry you haven't found a job, but don't give up. When I finished studies I couldn't have a job for ages and had to move away from my family & friends to a big city to get work, which was pretty crappy at first, but eventually I managed to get something better.
By the way here are some more vids on NZ faults: th-cam.com/video/XfpUuLRcE9k/w-d-xo.html, th-cam.com/video/LUsIIJwxPYU/w-d-xo.html, th-cam.com/video/m_1dD2IbV70/w-d-xo.html
Julian summed it up well towards the end of the video when he said it was eye opening. It certainly changed my views on what to expect and where to expect it. One misconception I have long held is a deep worry about the underground power station at Manapouri. I have visited the huge cave with its giant turbines, and felt decidedly uneasy, but I now realize that the fault line moves offshore north of Doubtful Sound. Plus, we are informed that the likelihood is for the upcoming magnitude 8 earthquake will be a lot further north. When I moved to NZ in 2005 I had it in mind that experiencing a large quake would be an adventure, but the 2016 Kaikoura quake demonstrated that they are not fairground rides. I live 10k north of Blenheim and could barely stand up during the second, more violent, minute of the 2016 quake. The subject is fascinating in the extreme, and I can appreciate how excited the scientists to study earthquakes get about them. Let's hope that our economy at least has the chance to recover from COVID before the next big quake hits.
@@OutThereLearning I'm surprised you don't get more views on. Could give a bigger push on broadcasting and get yourself on TV !!!!!!!. Pete on the Isle of Wight
Keep videos like this coming! I wondered why the Southern fault has less movement. I understand the 'gate' caused by the change in direction and dip. I thought the plate moved as a rigid block all the way up the south island, and that the main source of strain came from off Fiordland. From news reports it seems I have it all backwards.
This is one of the clearest and best explained videos I have seen on this topic. Hope that it helps the community plan. What I would love to know is what a magnitude 8 earth quake is likely to do to the larger towns and cities of NZ which are generally somewhat distant from the fault
Great question, and a lot will depend on the actual earthquake rupture style. The SALSA project is researching the same question to get a clearer idea.
How're you doing? I pray that this year bring great opportunity to your way. may this year full your house with joy, and happiness. i will love to talk to you if you don't mind. my name is John Patrick, from Nashville Tennessee, i will love to know you, because i love the words you commented on this, where are you from if i may ask?
Thanks. Really informative for those of us in the South Island. Something I have wondered about is the recent earthquake history in the area in terms of increasing or reducing stress on the Alpine fault. Over the last several hundred years there have been quite a few very large earthquakes in areas adjacent to the Alpine fault, including I think a force 8+ near Wellington in the 1800s.Trying to look at the Alpine fault optimistically, do you think that recent earthquake activity might have reduced the stress on the Alpine fault, and therefore potentially delayed its next rupture? I guess that would only be a relevant consideration if that earthquake activity was out of the ordinary compared to other periods in history.
Very informative and very well presented - well done and thank you for the information. This will inspire a number of people to study this subject and get more people to plan and prepare for any possible rupture of the fault.
An amazing amount of research and work has been done to make me look at the reality of life . The technology used has been eye opening and information relayed by Jamie has been outstanding. Thankyou very much for your time and effort Jamie.
Another great video thank you very much. Could you please do an episode on how the subduction changes from the Hikorangi in the north to the Alpine fault in the south. How we have subduction in both directions and how it transitions from one to the other, I'm guessing the Marlborough and Wellington Fault systems are the transition area? Many thanks.
@@OutThereLearning this would be a fascinating topic. Would be very interested in learning about that. Please keep up the good work with these videos. Loved this longer format too. Cheers.
When the **northern** part of the fault ruptures, which fault in the Marlborough fault system does it put most stress on? Does it put stress on the Wellington Fault? Many thanks!
That's a good question. Big earthquakes put stress on some faults,and de-stress others. For example it is thought that the Wellington Fault was de-stressed by the rupture of the Wairarapa Fault in the 1855 M8 earthquake. I'm not sure if the research has been done to work out the potential effect of a northern section Alpine Fault rupture on the Marlborough or Wellington faults. It would require detailed knowledge of the past ruptures of all the big faults to try to tease out causal relationships between them, and I suspect this is not yet known enough for many of them. Thanks for getting me thinking!
If there is an earthquake on the Alpine fault within the next few years of say 4-6 magnitude does it change the prediction of the 8+ magnitude in terms of likelihood or timeline?
Every step up in magnitude by a factor of 1involves approximately 32x increase in the total seismic energy released. Therefore a Mag 8 earthquake is 32 x 32 = ~ 1000 times more powerful than a magnitude 6. So these lower magnitude quakes aren't really releasing that much stress in comparison to a M8 or above and I guess won't effect the likelihood that much. Hope that makes sense.
Hi, Guys. Thanks for such informative and essential presentations. My main takeaway is that people have to prepare themselves for a big earthquake and not depend on the government to do the necessary preparations. Thanks for sharing! Stay healthy!
Yikes! Great work. Sobering conclusions. Glad I live in Auckland. The regularity of those quakes was surprising. Certainly gives those future ones a cast iron case of when not if. Really enjoying the videos on NZ geology. I’ll be looking out for a few of the features discussed, on my next road trip. Thanks.
I won't matter where you live, it will affect the whole of nz. The main conclusion is, get your heart right with the Creator of all things who knows all things and lives us that He sent Jesus Chirst to redeem us back to Him. This is not our destination, but only the a journey to it ..
It will have a massive impact on Auckland. Ground shaking will occur for a few minutes and with the magnitude predicted you won't escape the consequences.
This highlights a concern we all have about the quake potential for this nation situated awkwardly on a plate boundary. If seismic events are ramping up globally, and recent events in NZ are factored in, this discussion is urgently needed by not just academics but ordinary citizens and tourists.
thank you for a brilliant vid. as a west coaster this topic is often on my mind. i am quite familliar with lots of these locations, and have noticed the changes in south westland beach sand, in some remote places, that will equillerate with your siesmic data, the colour being the give away. the sand, of course, being deposited, on the coast, by rivers following a majer event. in some cases, covering cultural evedence. sorry for the spelling mistakes
thanks to all your working and information, I´m a geologist from Brazil away from these fields, but I appreciated your information and it is very important to our daily hard work in any area around the world, the Earth is only one with many records in the rocks. I love this important hard working with science Earth.
Great video. When I was on a small ship on Milford Sound the guide pointed out a fault line, or some other associated name, on the left hand side on the way out of the sound. I love NZ and have been there many times and never met a Kiwi I didn't like. Cheers.
@@Lara-234 And another 4.9.yesterday. So long as we're getting movement and relatively small quakes, we're unlikely to get a big one, not there anyway , somewhere else maybe?
@@ladyglencoe8453 The fault is continuously moving. It gets stuck occasionally and when it becomes unstuck there's a quake. So long as there's small quakes it means nothing is stuck and therefore no big quakes. Big quakes happen in places where there's no small ones.
Great work! This guy's diligence and dedication will save goodness knows how many lives, when that 'quake comes but finds a prepared populace waiting for it.
Absolutely brilliant work. You, Jamie and THE team have done an extremely good job on this. You are my "go to" site for ease of assimilation and definitive results. Can we, the public, get raw data from you i.e. gps and other sources. I would be extremely interested to see this. Thanks again, Pete on the Isle of Wight.
Thanks for your kind comment. Not sure about the raw data question as projects like this produce enormous archives of all sorts of different data and I wouldn't want to promise anything on behalf of the scientists.
This seems very important - with earthquakes size is not everything but it would be so useful if you could model a few scenarios and apply the result to all main centers in the South Island. A lot of local government bodies might need this to ‘wake them up’.
Awesome wee vid. Thanks to all the boys and girls out there "in the trenches" (literally) figuring this out for the rest of us. You guys rock (excuse the pun). Lovin' your work.
Not with this particular research as it is mainly concerned with the onland part of the fault which won't create a tsunami. However there has been some other research about the potential for tsunami to be generated further south and impact Australia.
there is a big boulder on top of the rock shelf at SWANSEA HEADS NSW it took a 60++ meter tzunami to tear it off the shelf and lift it up there the wave came from NZ?
Very high resonance with this information you have researched, one question comes to mind with awareness of ripple effects so to speak and the grading off into the land at southern end dips straight up and down, interesting thought came to mind as I visualised a ships hull noting motion of movement based on its manufactured shape how it withstands high impact swells/waves at sea, rounded hulls in boats/ dinghys great in the shallows deeper vertical hulls better in the rough seas apply this to land I’d expect some rock and rolling big Sideways motions about central northern fault on alpine line, thus question is can you foresee a tsunami being a resulting ripple effect from pending earthquake? Appreciate your work 🙏🏼
Fabulous information, thank you for sharing. Living on the southern border of Auckland, I believe that most of the large faults disappear off to the east, through Taupo, Rotorua, White Island etc., but with Auckland's history of volcanic activity I wondered how Waikato and Auckland areas are affected by fault lines? If you have provided that information before, please provide any link you have. If not, could there be a video to show any connections to fault line activity, where the closest fault lines are etc? Many thanks.
Hi, thanks for your comment. To see where the known active faults are in NZ have a look at the Active Faults Database from GNS: data.gns.cri.nz/af/ I hope that helps, cheers
I live in Carterton and would love to see a similar video on the likelihood of another Earthquake on this fault, or nearby, keeping in mind the Carterton Earthquake of around 1860 has been the largest ‘quake in contemporarily recorded history in New Zealand.
Thank you so much to you both! I have family who live in a place called Otematata, near the massive Benmore Dam and close to the Southern Alps; what will happen to all the Dams and Canals in the Upper Waitaki Power Scheme eg Tekapo, Pukaki, Ohau, Benmore, Aviemore and the Waitaki Dams? Will these dams hold? What is your educated opinion please?
Just for background understanding, you spoke of a boundary between strike angles. Are you saying there are discrete "blocks" on the fault line , or is the boundary a transition in the angle?
Really informative… I work in the mining industry in W.A and it’s interesting listening to the Geotechnical engineers explain why when we had a certain wall in the mine that was at risk of failing. We have equipment that monitors these walls and they have also predicted when a wall has failed, I suppose it is similar what scientist use to monitor fault lines maybe?
Has your research shown any correlation between a violent southern section rupture and the northern Wellington section? For example, there is evidence that ruptures in one San Andreas fault section will provoke a rupture in another section. Example: the 1857 Fort Tejon rupture followed in 1906 by the San Francisco break.
Thanks to all involved, for an informed and better educated population. This may well help other quake prone areas, to understand their own seismic region.
That was fascinating thank you! What do you expect the impact to Christchurch would be from a large rupture on the alpine fault? Would it be minimal/moderate assuming the energy is being propagated north/south? Is Wellington more likely to be impacted?
Good questions! I highly recomment you check out the AF8 (Alpine Fault Magnitude 8) website which has good information to answer your question af8.org.nz/af8-scenario/
Thank you to all those very smart People who have given us this information about the future of Earthquakes in New Zealand along the Alpine Fault. A very daunting event coming our way but now we know. Kia Ora - ka ki te.
Thanks, are you able to comment on a worst case scenario generating a tsunami along east coast Australia. I've heard of research along our NSW coast of some very large tsunami impacting and I guess from NZ
It is considered unlikely that an Alpine Fault earthquake will develop a large tsunami because it is mostly on-land. However to the south it does pass under the ocean so a tsunami of some size is possible. If you are interested you could look at this info: af8.org.nz/media/yuoignpy/af8_hazardscenario-oct16-final.pdf
@@OutThereLearning absolutely love your channel so thank you! Regarding the comment above relating to Australian East Coast tsunami evidence, if the Alpine Fault is not likely to be the culprit, in your opinion, what geological feature is the likely cause of this tsunami please? There really doesn’t seem to be any easily obtainable information on it Thank you!
This is a great video and excellent research. I understand the comment about water bottles but think more preparedness is going to be needed by everyone in the South Island and especially those of us that live on the West Coast than just having full water bottles and making a plan. How do we get organisations charged with CD preparedness to be better prepared than what they are today? Going on the fact that the fault could shift tonight, tomorrow will be too late.
they are predicting an earth quake any bigger that we have already been though , study kaikoura and preprep from that , make your house not on an in scarpment , see kaikora up lifts
@@grizzz6884 Hi, Not really sure what you are getting at? Was in the first Christchurch earthquake. Know all about the Kaikoura earthquake, was in behind the public exclusion zone weeks before it was open to the public and friends lost their house. Realise they are predicting a bigger quake than those other 3.
After 1yr & learning from the well informed video you have opened the physics of knowledge of our South Westland Alpine Faultline Jamie it becomes 1 of an all TIME understanding accepting in a Suttle way of appreciating what environmental impacts we can relate too Na mihi Jamie & Jullian
So from a person that has a number of special loved ones in places like Otematata, Wanaka, Ohau, Fairlie, Timaru, Oamaru what is this going to be like for them? (I'm a survivor of the Chch Feb 22nd Earthquake, I was in a 7 story building that was 30 metres away from the CTV Building). Can you tell me what would happen to the Benmore Dam? etc? with an 8+?
Thanks for your very real question, which I think no-one can answer in full detail, but... A starting point would be to go to the AF8 website which is specifically about understanding the potential impacts of a large Alpine Fault quake. This is the link: af8.org.nz/af8-scenario . I hope that might help, cheers.
What are the odds of a big earthquake hitting Wellington? Having lived through the Christchurch Earthquake…I think Wellington would be a horrible place to live with all those houses sitting on cliff faces!
So would a magnitude 8+ earthquake along the alpine fault produce a Sunami and what would the consequences be for eastern Australia and other smaller islands in the Pacific.
Re the graph at 4:43. What is the y-axis? Is it the cumulative number of earthquakes? Also, what do you calculate the standard deviation to be in years?
When I lived in Wellington 90's I remember a newspaper article describing the speed and number of deaths a tsunami would cause when hitting Wellington harbour and the Hurt Valley. It was around the time Auckland was having some activity. I don't think I thought about it that much before this story...After that I thought about it a lot 😂🤣
I was terrified by the Christchurch earthquakes to the extent that I took advantage of the free earthquake counseling offered. I think what helped the most was accepting I would die in an earthquake, so better to enjoy or make every moment before that day, count. And not to waste precious non earthquake moments, worrying about them.
There would likely be uplift along the east side of the fault. One of the main damage causing consequences would be large landslides and then rivers transporting masses of debris downstream, and potential flooding etc.
Dont forget about Sumatra Megathrust too. If you remember, in 2004-2007 there is 3 big Earthquake occur. M9.1 2004, M8.6 2005 and M8.4 in 2007. About 2000 km megathrust segment rupture in just 3 years!. There is just 1 segment that still not ruptured, and it is Mentawai-Siberut segment that can cause M8.9 eq and also basin wide tsunami in Indian Ocean.
Yes - that's why we need these scientists to help clarify the hazards as clearly as possible so we can best get prepared. Thank you for reminding us of these other big faults.
I read some research on the Australian east coast cliffs near Sydney a while back and there was a theory that some of the large rocks may have been thrown up by a tsunami many years ago.
@@OutThereLearning I would be very interested in learning more about what tsunami risk to Australia’s East Coast the Alpine Fault poses as I’ve been told that the last big tsunami that hit our east coast was about in the 1700,s-I’d really appreciate any further information on this if you’re able to do so Thank you so much from Australia
Awesome video and explanation. Okay, I hope this isn't a silly question: No mention of Tsunamis crossing the Tasman??? Has anyone researched for possible significant Tsunami occurrences across the Tasman coinciding with the approximate year of Alpine Fault earthquakes?
Wondering how insurance companies are going to run with this .. they pick on chch and welington but may be looking in wrong place .. time that the risks were spread more , after all isn't that the point of insurance?
Very interesting. Has there been any correlation between the timing of these earthquake events to others in the Pacific? I am wondering if there is some sort of domino effect, where one fault moves, then another, and so on rippling across the Pacific?
Scary thought for this region in the future. A beautiful place for something so sinister lurking in the depths of the land. I am going to call it BEAUTY AND THE BEAST !
I know this is really off piste, but my big association with NZ, is Charles Upham VC and bar. Where is his farm as far as all these earthquakes go? Is it safe or at risk?
What a fantastic kiwi! This was so entertaining and informative, amazing field to work in, fantastic there’s still major geological discoveries to be made .
Immediate aftershocks can merge with the original quake, but following that they can be distinguished as separate events spread out over time. Thanks for the question
Has there been any studies on the correlation between earthquakes on the East coast and the alpine fault? Are the Christchurch and Kaikora quakes precursors to the Alpine fault rupturing?
An AF earthquake would alter the stress across and along the plate boundary, de-stressing some areas and increasing the stress on others. Many faults in the newly stressed area would rupture, leading to a period of aftershocks, some large (one or more up to one magnitude less than the main shock). The aftershocks could occur anywhere around the AF but likely concentrated around and beyond the end of the original rupture.
A great example of how a highly complex subject can be explained clearly and lucidly to the layman. Great work.
Thank you!
shame they get it wrong all the time. sounds good, but haven't predicted much in the last 30 yeras.
shit I had to scroll hard to find you… lucidly rhymes in my new tune… thanks a ship load… never heard it before… cheers
@@flowinsounds how's it living in such a negative universe all your own and all alone??!!And he didn't save my parents, brother, granddaughter, son...... Dream on. Reality rules. Maybe try it sometime. Before it's too late.
A great example of a person trying to act and come across as a smart man.
A great example of why I loved geography at school, passionate teachers with examples all around us.
Thanks for your appreciative comment!
Great informative information, thanks to our hard working Geologist here in NZ, we appreciate all your hard work.
Thanks on behalf of them 🙂
is that like 'great volcanic volcanos' or 'great geological geology'??
@@danielvermeer3363 No, it's like Informative rather than uninformative as is becoming more increasingly popular nowadays. Our current government as a good example.
As in Providing little or no information; not informative; lacking useful or interesting information.
Geologist? I heard Paleo/Seismologist.
Thanks so much for enabling us to have access to someone like Jamie, and thanks Jamie for the hard work and for sharing it!
Thanks for your kind message, cheers
It always impresses me what dedicated, hard working people can achieve when they put their minds to something. For so many of us our jobs are filled with trivialities, so its heartening to know there are big projects out there, which are moving us forward.
Yes - I agree
Us? Them? Who? I’m not sure we’re all on the same boat... many people die like mosquitoes, many people live with depression and with no direction, many people like myself never even find a job and just hang out there doing nothing, writing, watching videos. For many people this planet could just explode and it won’t make a difference. I’m not sure this is forward, but at least it’s free!
@@yagalamaga I'm sorry you haven't found a job, but don't give up. When I finished studies I couldn't have a job for ages and had to move away from my family & friends to a big city to get work, which was pretty crappy at first, but eventually I managed to get something better.
Maybe they are better off doing research on where to live next? It will happen, and they still hug the coast. Any loss of life is on themselves.
@@Paul_C Are you proposing you clear out all the towns on the west coast of New Zealand and move them to other areas which are also earthquake prone?
This is awesome! Thank you for making your videos so easy to understand. I would love to see more on NZ's fault lines.
Thanks for your encouragement!
By the way here are some more vids on NZ faults: th-cam.com/video/XfpUuLRcE9k/w-d-xo.html, th-cam.com/video/LUsIIJwxPYU/w-d-xo.html, th-cam.com/video/m_1dD2IbV70/w-d-xo.html
Julian summed it up well towards the end of the video when he said it was eye opening. It certainly changed my views on what to expect and where to expect it. One misconception I have long held is a deep worry about the underground power station at Manapouri. I have visited the huge cave with its giant turbines, and felt decidedly uneasy, but I now realize that the fault line moves offshore north of Doubtful Sound. Plus, we are informed that the likelihood is for the upcoming magnitude 8 earthquake will be a lot further north. When I moved to NZ in 2005 I had it in mind that experiencing a large quake would be an adventure, but the 2016 Kaikoura quake demonstrated that they are not fairground rides. I live 10k north of Blenheim and could barely stand up during the second, more violent, minute of the 2016 quake. The subject is fascinating in the extreme, and I can appreciate how excited the scientists to study earthquakes get about them. Let's hope that our economy at least has the chance to recover from COVID before the next big quake hits.
Thank you for watching and your interesting comments
This information should be at the forefront of every persons mind.
It's easy to be complacent.
Thank goodness for our scientists.
Yep!
@@OutThereLearning I'm surprised you don't get more views on. Could give a bigger push on broadcasting and get yourself on TV !!!!!!!. Pete on the Isle of Wight
@@petecooper3701 We need to share them..
Especially anyone buying a house or moving to the West Coast. The EQ probably should be in the LIM doc etc.
Both of you have been very clear in what could or will happen. Thank you.
Thanks for your comment
Keep videos like this coming! I wondered why the Southern fault has less movement. I understand the 'gate' caused by the change in direction and dip. I thought the plate moved as a rigid block all the way up the south island, and that the main source of strain came from off Fiordland. From news reports it seems I have it all backwards.
The tectonic stress is being applied all along the plate boundary, not just from a single area
This is one of the clearest and best explained videos I have seen on this topic. Hope that it helps the community plan. What I would love to know is what a magnitude 8 earth quake is likely to do to the larger towns and cities of NZ which are generally somewhat distant from the fault
Great question, and a lot will depend on the actual earthquake rupture style. The SALSA project is researching the same question to get a clearer idea.
How're you doing? I pray that this year bring great opportunity to your way. may this year full your house with joy, and happiness. i will love to talk to you if you don't mind. my name is John Patrick, from Nashville Tennessee, i will love to know you, because i love the words you commented on this, where are you from if i may ask?
Well said at 15:47 .... All round impressive research. Thanks for sharing.
Cheers!
Thanks heaps to all the workers involved in these projects, I know it must have been a hard slog to gather this data. Kia ora.
Yep, they are amazing dedicated people!
Great knowledge to have as I am living close to the fault. I am prepared!
Good one!
Loving this! I hope you will make longer vlogs as geology is very fascinating
Thanks
Thanks. Really informative for those of us in the South Island. Something I have wondered about is the recent earthquake history in the area in terms of increasing or reducing stress on the Alpine fault. Over the last several hundred years there have been quite a few very large earthquakes in areas adjacent to the Alpine fault, including I think a force 8+ near Wellington in the 1800s.Trying to look at the Alpine fault optimistically, do you think that recent earthquake activity might have reduced the stress on the Alpine fault, and therefore potentially delayed its next rupture? I guess that would only be a relevant consideration if that earthquake activity was out of the ordinary compared to other periods in history.
Very informative and very well presented - well done and thank you for the information. This will inspire a number of people to study this subject and get more people to plan and prepare for any possible rupture of the fault.
Thank you - that would be a great outcome
Glad I found your channel and sub'd. Great information presented well without being dramatic. Thanks for that ;). Best Regards and Best Wishes!
Thank you for your interest!
An amazing amount of research and work has been done to make me look at the reality of life . The technology used has been eye opening and information relayed by Jamie has been outstanding. Thankyou very much for your time and effort Jamie.
Thank you for your appreciative comment
Great video and information about this Alpine Fault. Thanks for all your hard work putting it together.
Thanks!
Great presentation guys. I'm learning the basics of geology and you somehow make it so easy to understand these processes. A big thank you !!!
Thanks for your appreciation!
Dude, this is amazing information and very informative. I live in Chile now and we shake often here also. Love the knowedge!!
Dude???
Cheers!
You're also on the Ring of Fire - welcome to the Pacific Ring of Fire, oh, and earthquakes.
From the 'Shaky isles' on the far side.
Thank you so very much, your videos are AWESOME! I have dyslexia, your videos make so much information available on my favourite topics!
Wow, thank you for such a positive comment!
Another great video thank you very much.
Could you please do an episode on how the subduction changes from the Hikorangi in the north to the Alpine fault in the south. How we have subduction in both directions and how it transitions from one to the other, I'm guessing the Marlborough and Wellington Fault systems are the transition area? Many thanks.
Thank you. Will see, but thanks for the suggestion. I'll definately near it in my now
@@OutThereLearning this would be a fascinating topic. Would be very interested in learning about that. Please keep up the good work with these videos. Loved this longer format too. Cheers.
Excellent explanation. Well done. It would be interesting to see the research extended to the northern section of the south Island as well
Noted! :-)
This was a very informative video. Thank you for sharing this information. We need to be prepared. Not scared. Knowledge is power!
Thanks for your comment
When the **northern** part of the fault ruptures, which fault in the Marlborough fault system does it put most stress on?
Does it put stress on the Wellington Fault?
Many thanks!
That's a good question. Big earthquakes put stress on some faults,and de-stress others. For example it is thought that the Wellington Fault was de-stressed by the rupture of the Wairarapa Fault in the 1855 M8 earthquake. I'm not sure if the research has been done to work out the potential effect of a northern section Alpine Fault rupture on the Marlborough or Wellington faults. It would require detailed knowledge of the past ruptures of all the big faults to try to tease out causal relationships between them, and I suspect this is not yet known enough for many of them. Thanks for getting me thinking!
If there is an earthquake on the Alpine fault within the next few years of say 4-6 magnitude does it change the prediction of the 8+ magnitude in terms of likelihood or timeline?
Every step up in magnitude by a factor of 1involves approximately 32x increase in the total seismic energy released. Therefore a Mag 8 earthquake is 32 x 32 = ~ 1000 times more powerful than a magnitude 6. So these lower magnitude quakes aren't really releasing that much stress in comparison to a M8 or above and I guess won't effect the likelihood that much. Hope that makes sense.
Hi, Guys. Thanks for such informative and essential presentations. My main takeaway is that people have to prepare themselves for a big earthquake and not depend on the government to do the necessary preparations. Thanks for sharing! Stay healthy!
Yep - be aware, ready and then get on with life
Love your videos! Informative, clear explanations. Thanks.
Thanks!
Being a Kiwigien 🇳🇿 (My own word)
Thanks for your appreciation!
Yikes! Great work. Sobering conclusions. Glad I live in Auckland. The regularity of those quakes was surprising. Certainly gives those future ones a cast iron case of when not if. Really enjoying the videos on NZ geology. I’ll be looking out for a few of the features discussed, on my next road trip. Thanks.
Thanks! Glad you are enjoying the videos
I won't matter where you live, it will affect the whole of nz. The main conclusion is, get your heart right with the Creator of all things who knows all things and lives us that He sent Jesus Chirst to redeem us back to Him. This is not our destination, but only the a journey to it ..
@@dragonflycottagebnb-kitchen Fuckin' bonkers!
It will have a massive impact on Auckland. Ground shaking will occur for a few minutes and with the magnitude predicted you won't escape the consequences.
Thanks for this explanation. And Jamie for your dedication and endeavours.
Thanks for your comment
This highlights a concern we all have about the quake potential for this nation situated awkwardly on a plate boundary. If seismic events are ramping up globally, and recent events in NZ are factored in, this discussion is urgently needed by not just academics but ordinary citizens and tourists.
thank you for a brilliant vid. as a west coaster this topic is often on my mind. i am quite familliar with lots of these locations, and have noticed the changes in south westland beach sand, in some remote places, that will equillerate with your siesmic data, the colour being the give away. the sand, of course, being deposited, on the coast, by rivers following a majer event. in some cases, covering cultural evedence. sorry for the spelling mistakes
Thanks for your interesting comment
Would be interesting to know what cultural evidence you obviously have some knowledge, just hate not knowing
@@ladyglencoe8453 middens, f,b,r in intermediate layers
Thanks Julian and Jamie, excellent and sobering presentation!
Cheers!
thanks to all your working and information, I´m a geologist from Brazil away from these fields, but I appreciated your information and it is very important to our daily hard work in any area around the world, the Earth is only one with many records in the rocks.
I love this important hard working with science Earth.
Thank you for your very nice comment
Great video. When I was on a small ship on Milford Sound the guide pointed out a fault line, or some other associated name, on the left hand side on the way out of the sound. I love NZ and have been there many times and never met a Kiwi I didn't like. Cheers.
Thank you!
There was one SW of Haast just a couple of hours ago, 4.7.
And a 5.1 on Saturday at Milford.
She be waking up slowly
@@Lara-234 And another 4.9.yesterday. So long as we're getting movement and relatively small quakes, we're unlikely to get a big one, not there anyway , somewhere else maybe?
You think? That is no guarantee
@@ladyglencoe8453 The fault is continuously moving. It gets stuck occasionally and when it becomes unstuck there's a quake. So long as there's small quakes it means nothing is stuck and therefore no big quakes. Big quakes happen in places where there's no small ones.
Great work! This guy's diligence and dedication will save goodness knows how many lives, when that 'quake comes but finds a prepared populace waiting for it.
Thank you
Absolutely brilliant work. You, Jamie and THE team have done an extremely good job on this. You are my "go to" site for ease of assimilation and definitive results. Can we, the public, get raw data from you i.e. gps and other sources. I would be extremely interested to see this. Thanks again, Pete on the Isle of Wight.
Thanks for your kind comment. Not sure about the raw data question as projects like this produce enormous archives of all sorts of different data and I wouldn't want to promise anything on behalf of the scientists.
@@OutThereLearning Found some !
This seems very important - with earthquakes size is not everything but it would be so useful if you could model a few scenarios and apply the result to all main centers in the South Island. A lot of local government bodies might need this to ‘wake them up’.
Introducing the SALSA project: th-cam.com/video/bU_O6Qe6Knk/w-d-xo.html ...enjoy!
Awesome wee vid. Thanks to all the boys and girls out there "in the trenches" (literally) figuring this out for the rest of us. You guys rock (excuse the pun). Lovin' your work.
Thanks!
Amazing Work Jamie & Team - so valuable, legend.
Thank you
Was there any discussion or predictions on psunami's this quake would cause and to what degree?
Not with this particular research as it is mainly concerned with the onland part of the fault which won't create a tsunami. However there has been some other research about the potential for tsunami to be generated further south and impact Australia.
there is a big boulder on top of the rock shelf at SWANSEA HEADS NSW it took a 60++ meter tzunami to tear it off the shelf and lift it up there the wave came from NZ?
Yes - big tsunami have struck the east coast. They could have originated from volcanic eruptions in the Pacific Islands as well as earthquakes
Eye-opening guys...genuine hands on science for the punter...awesome...good luck...
Thank you for your interest!
Fascinating questions and answers, thank you so much for your research.
Thanks for the excellent and easy to understand presentation
Cheers!
Enlightening commentary and information. Thank you for the lesson.
Cheers!
Thanks a Stack, a Really Wonderful Informative vidclip ..... Very best to All .... Cheers from ChCh
Very glad that you think so. Thanks!
Brilliantly explained guys. Thank you from the semi resilient Lake Kaniere Community.
Thank you
Well explained, thanks. What about the other 500 faults?
Very high resonance with this information you have researched, one question comes to mind with awareness of ripple effects so to speak and the grading off into the land at southern end dips straight up and down, interesting thought came to mind as I visualised a ships hull noting motion of movement based on its manufactured shape how it withstands high impact swells/waves at sea, rounded hulls in boats/ dinghys great in the shallows deeper vertical hulls better in the rough seas apply this to land I’d expect some rock and rolling big Sideways motions about central northern fault on alpine line, thus question is can you foresee a tsunami being a resulting ripple effect from pending earthquake?
Appreciate your work 🙏🏼
Thanks guys.That was a very down to earth and informative video.
Thanks for the positive feedback!
Epic Jamie. 👌. An amazing dataset, and showing why understanding what lies beneath us is important. Kia kaha.
Cheers!
That's so cool as science and so amazing as our Earth and Whenua. Thanks for the clarity and the preparation for things to come.
Thank you :-)
Fabulous information, thank you for sharing.
Living on the southern border of Auckland, I believe that most of the large faults disappear off to the east, through Taupo, Rotorua, White Island etc., but with Auckland's history of volcanic activity I wondered how Waikato and Auckland areas are affected by fault lines? If you have provided that information before, please provide any link you have. If not, could there be a video to show any connections to fault line activity, where the closest fault lines are etc? Many thanks.
Hi, thanks for your comment. To see where the known active faults are in NZ have a look at the Active Faults Database from GNS: data.gns.cri.nz/af/ I hope that helps, cheers
While working on the Hamilton bypass project, geologists spent considerable time investigating a cut and were excited to identify a fault.
I live in Carterton and would love to see a similar video on the likelihood of another Earthquake on this fault, or nearby, keeping in mind the Carterton Earthquake of around 1860 has been the largest ‘quake in contemporarily recorded history in New Zealand.
Thanks - will bear that in mind!
hit the nail on the head
Thank you so much to you both! I have family who live in a place called Otematata, near the massive Benmore Dam and close to the Southern Alps; what will happen to all the Dams and Canals in the Upper Waitaki Power Scheme eg Tekapo, Pukaki, Ohau, Benmore, Aviemore and the Waitaki Dams? Will these dams hold? What is your educated opinion please?
Don't have the knowledge sorry!
Just for background understanding, you spoke of a boundary between strike angles. Are you saying there are discrete "blocks" on the fault line , or is the boundary a transition in the angle?
As far as I understand it is quite abrupt so more like separating discrete segments of the fault
in depth study, quite fascinating to see how the natural scenery provides clues to plates movements and subsequent earthquakes.
Thanks for your appreciation!
Really informative… I work in the mining industry in W.A and it’s interesting listening to the Geotechnical engineers explain why when we had a certain wall in the mine that was at risk of failing. We have equipment that monitors these walls and they have also predicted when a wall has failed, I suppose it is similar what scientist use to monitor fault lines maybe?
No......in a mine its easy monitoring whats happening subsurface. Not the same with a fault...often a blind fault.
Hi Julian!!! Nice to see you! Good video guys.
-Ben Leitch
Hey! Welcome to the channel :-)
@@OutThereLearning Thank you. I'm subscribed now. Gosh, I'm back in high-school! Looking forward to seeing more of your videos 👍
@@deltadesign5697 great! Hope you enjoy!
Has your research shown any correlation between a violent southern section rupture and the northern Wellington section? For example, there is evidence that ruptures in one San Andreas fault section will provoke a rupture in another section. Example: the 1857 Fort Tejon rupture followed in 1906 by the San Francisco break.
Thanks to all involved, for an informed and better educated population.
This may well help other quake prone areas, to understand their own seismic region.
Thanks for your comment
Terrific Work guys... thank you very much Jamie 🙋
Thank you
That was fascinating thank you! What do you expect the impact to Christchurch would be from a large rupture on the alpine fault? Would it be minimal/moderate assuming the energy is being propagated north/south? Is Wellington more likely to be impacted?
Good questions! I highly recomment you check out the AF8 (Alpine Fault Magnitude 8) website which has good information to answer your question af8.org.nz/af8-scenario/
Will a magitude 8+ earthquake effect wine production in New Zealand and availability logistics here in UK?
Depends on a lot of variables but we hope your wine supply won't be impacted :-)
Thank you to all those very smart People who have given us this information about the future of Earthquakes in New Zealand along the Alpine Fault. A very daunting event coming our way but now we know. Kia Ora - ka ki te.
Thanks you for your appreciation!
Very grateful, thanks for sharing this research. Appreciated.
Thank you!
Thank you. We live beside the fault, so for us this is a wake up call to prepare. Much appreciated
Thank you for your comment and great that you are taking action to prepare.
Thanks, are you able to comment on a worst case scenario generating a tsunami along east coast Australia. I've heard of research along our NSW coast of some very large tsunami impacting and I guess from NZ
It is considered unlikely that an Alpine Fault earthquake will develop a large tsunami because it is mostly on-land. However to the south it does pass under the ocean so a tsunami of some size is possible. If you are interested you could look at this info: af8.org.nz/media/yuoignpy/af8_hazardscenario-oct16-final.pdf
Thanks appreciated
@@OutThereLearning absolutely love your channel so thank you! Regarding the comment above relating to Australian East Coast tsunami evidence, if the Alpine Fault is not likely to be the culprit, in your opinion, what geological feature is the likely cause of this tsunami please? There really doesn’t seem to be any easily obtainable information on it
Thank you!
This is a great video and excellent research. I understand the comment about water bottles but think more preparedness is going to be needed by everyone in the South Island and especially those of us that live on the West Coast than just having full water bottles and making a plan.
How do we get organisations charged with CD preparedness to be better prepared than what they are today? Going on the fact that the fault could shift tonight, tomorrow will be too late.
Yep - hopefully this work will stimulate further positive action at all levels
they are predicting an earth quake any bigger that we have already been though , study kaikoura and preprep from that , make your house not on an in scarpment , see kaikora up lifts
@@grizzz6884 Hi, Not really sure what you are getting at? Was in the first Christchurch earthquake. Know all about the Kaikoura earthquake, was in behind the public exclusion zone weeks before it was open to the public and friends lost their house. Realise they are predicting a bigger quake than those other 3.
The sting in the tail for a region of exceptional beauty.
Indeed!
After 1yr & learning from the well informed video you have opened the physics of knowledge of our South Westland Alpine Faultline Jamie it becomes 1 of an all TIME understanding accepting in a Suttle way of appreciating what environmental impacts we can relate too Na mihi Jamie & Jullian
Thank you for your appreciation
Wtf I didn’t write this…
So from a person that has a number of special loved ones in places like Otematata, Wanaka, Ohau, Fairlie, Timaru, Oamaru what is this going to be like for them? (I'm a survivor of the Chch Feb 22nd Earthquake, I was in a 7 story building that was 30 metres away from the CTV Building). Can you tell me what would happen to the Benmore Dam? etc? with an 8+?
Thanks for your very real question, which I think no-one can answer in full detail, but...
A starting point would be to go to the AF8 website which is specifically about understanding the potential impacts of a large Alpine Fault quake. This is the link: af8.org.nz/af8-scenario . I hope that might help, cheers.
Thanks
@@OutThereLearning
What are the odds of a big earthquake hitting Wellington? Having lived through the Christchurch Earthquake…I think Wellington would be a horrible place to live with all those houses sitting on cliff faces!
15:05 “The next earthquake is going to be a magnitude 8”. Have house prices in the area been affected yet?
yep a lot of rock and roll clubs buying property in harihari
Brilliant video well done mate and everyone involved! Proud to be kiwi watching this.
Thanks!!
So would a magnitude 8+ earthquake along the alpine fault produce a Sunami and what would the consequences be for eastern Australia and other smaller islands in the Pacific.
Re the graph at 4:43. What is the y-axis? Is it the cumulative number of earthquakes? Also, what do you calculate the standard deviation to be in years?
How stressing is to live with this risk? I admire people who live in new Zealand, knowing that it can happen anytime, such a tough nation.
Yep, we have no option but to look at what nature might throw at us at any time!
When I lived in Wellington 90's I remember a newspaper article describing the speed and number of deaths a tsunami would cause when hitting Wellington harbour and the Hurt Valley. It was around the time Auckland was having some activity. I don't think I thought about it that much before this story...After that I thought about it a lot 😂🤣
I was terrified by the Christchurch earthquakes to the extent that I took advantage of the free earthquake counseling offered. I think what helped the most was accepting I would die in an earthquake, so better to enjoy or make every moment before that day, count. And not to waste precious non earthquake moments, worrying about them.
@@RM-ti8nf sounds like a good philosophy for life!
Awesome information, my question is , what sort of damage would we expect up through the Westcoast, would it force more land to rise ?
There would likely be uplift along the east side of the fault. One of the main damage causing consequences would be large landslides and then rivers transporting masses of debris downstream, and potential flooding etc.
@@OutThereLearning thanks for the info , definitely a interesting topic
The Cascadia plate and the Alpine are the 2 faults that are ready for a mega earthquake.
Earth magnetic field is fucking out, suns about to start throwing solar flares = it’s closer then you think
Dont forget about Sumatra Megathrust too. If you remember, in 2004-2007 there is 3 big Earthquake occur. M9.1 2004, M8.6 2005 and M8.4 in 2007. About 2000 km megathrust segment rupture in just 3 years!. There is just 1 segment that still not ruptured, and it is Mentawai-Siberut segment that can cause M8.9 eq and also basin wide tsunami in Indian Ocean.
Yes - that's why we need these scientists to help clarify the hazards as clearly as possible so we can best get prepared. Thank you for reminding us of these other big faults.
Thanks for your comment. Definitely worth preparing for.
@@OutThereLearning The old full rip vs partial rip quandry. th-cam.com/video/UJ7Qc3bsxjI/w-d-xo.html
I read some research on the Australian east coast cliffs near Sydney a while back and there was a theory that some of the large rocks may have been thrown up by a tsunami many years ago.
Yes - I read that too.
@@OutThereLearning I would be very interested in learning more about what tsunami risk to Australia’s East Coast the Alpine Fault poses as I’ve been told that the last big tsunami that hit our east coast was about in the 1700,s-I’d really appreciate any further information on this if you’re able to do so
Thank you so much from Australia
Awesome video and explanation.
Okay, I hope this isn't a silly question:
No mention of Tsunamis crossing the Tasman???
Has anyone researched for possible significant Tsunami occurrences across the Tasman coinciding with the approximate year of Alpine Fault earthquakes?
Its a fair question. The Alpine Fault is an onland fault except at the very southern end which can, I believe cause tsunamis that cross the Tasman.
Wondering how insurance companies are going to run with this .. they pick on chch and welington but may be looking in wrong place .. time that the risks were spread more , after all isn't that the point of insurance?
Indeed!
they will use this info to up the price , the worst part they wont payout unless you take what they say your house is worth
Very interesting. Has there been any correlation between the timing of these earthquake events to others in the Pacific? I am wondering if there is some sort of domino effect, where one fault moves, then another, and so on rippling across the Pacific?
Great question, but I'm not sure of the answer sorry
Indeed. 1700 and 1717 are suspiciously close together, as are 1960/1964 and 2004 /2011.
Scary thought for this region in the future. A beautiful place for something so sinister lurking in the depths of the land. I am going to call it BEAUTY AND THE BEAST !
I know this is really off piste, but my big association with NZ, is Charles Upham VC and bar.
Where is his farm as far as all these earthquakes go? Is it safe or at risk?
Thank you for this excellent video.
thanks!
What a fantastic kiwi! This was so entertaining and informative, amazing field to work in, fantastic there’s still major geological discoveries to be made .
Do large after shocks show up separately or do they merge with the first big earthquake?
Immediate aftershocks can merge with the original quake, but following that they can be distinguished as separate events spread out over time. Thanks for the question
Has there been any studies on the correlation between earthquakes on the East coast and the alpine fault? Are the Christchurch and Kaikora quakes precursors to the Alpine fault rupturing?
I follow earthquakes closely, and I've never seen any expert refer to a link. They seem to treat the alpine fault as it's own entity.
Paleoseismologist. What a fascinating job! Sounds like a job I could really get into if I could roll back the clock and start all over again.
Thanks for watching and your appreciation!
8 is large earthquake. What is the chances that it could initiate movement on other faults, and where are these faults located?
An AF earthquake would alter the stress across and along the plate boundary, de-stressing some areas and increasing the stress on others. Many faults in the newly stressed area would rupture, leading to a period of aftershocks, some large (one or more up to one magnitude less than the main shock). The aftershocks could occur anywhere around the AF but likely concentrated around and beyond the end of the original rupture.
anything above 7 can and will be disastrous for those living anywhere near the fault line
Indeed - especially if its a shallow quake
That was very interesting thank you, new subscriber 😊
Thanks for your appreciation!
Great information and top research that underpins it. A bit of a worry all at the same time 😳
Thank you
Very interesting ! Maybe include a link to a site that explains the words and phrases of New Zealand terms…kea oro for example.