Alex is the only woman I know of that can claim to be over 3% Neanderthal AND discuss her ear wax within a ten-minute span of time yet still seem uber-adorable after all is said and done.
So glad for another Bite Sci-zed! Great vid & nice to see you looking a little less stressed. (i hope) Would love to get my genotype if it's ever in the budget - so fascinating!
I haven't had my whole genome tested, but a targeted test showed I have an increased risk of developing chronic bone marrow cancer. Knowing this I can have new blood tests test done every year, and treatment can start before any real damage is done. That way it's not something I'll die from, I may just have to live with it until I die from something else. Go do testing!
This video gave a nice, quick explanation of genotyping and going through the process itself, great job! If anyone wants to read a more thorough account of the personal experience side of these sorts of things, I thought Lone Frank's "My Beautiful Genome" was an interesting read. Keep up the good work!
The the raw data from 23andMe is the most important of what they give you anyway. You can export it into MTHFR Support or Genetic Genie to help with analysis.
Another fascinating video. The potential implications of this testing is vast. Pricing of life insurance, health insurance, etc. But I would imagine that it goes hand in hand with some strenuous ethics debates.
I wanted to test my genes a long time ago, when The Genographic Project was a thing, but unfortunately it was canceled. I'm really curious about what ancestors I may have and from where do they originated.
***** Not quite. I mean not that recent ancestors. The Genographic Project showed the trip that our ancestors made, to different continents across millions of years. To me that's very fascinating.
Don Dorcha Oh... Last time I checked their site there was a big message saying that the project is over and you can't buy the kit anymore. But I see now that it's alive and well, I guess they switch to the "Geno 2.0" thing, that I see in their About page. Thanks for your comment! Now I'm happy that I can send my genes for the test! :)
The kind of genotyping described is called autosomal typing, and it is essentially a comparison of your SNPs against the SNPs of averages in the places in question. I had not heard that they were doing so on a national level; what I was used to is the typing within the categories European, African and Native American, and more lately East Asian. More data means more possibilities of correlations. My understanding is that the mappings ideally would be those in the representative places about 500 years ago. Yes, we're all African, but that's 100,000 years ago.
I only became aware of the regional occurrence of lactose intolerance recently...when I was re-watching Buffy the Vampire slayer. I didn't know that digesting lactose was mostly a Europium thing and that vast swaths (a large majority) of peoples in Asia are lactose intolerant...very interesting finding that out, as I love dairy products so much it was a shock to realize that most of the world doesn't share this predilection.
I got my 23andMe analysis about a year ago. Your explanation of SNPs was much better than the one on their site! I originate also from Europe and I'm still here... ;) 2.7% Neanderthal. Cheap genome sequencing will, among other things, change the future of medicine completely. Drugs, therapies or food can be adjusted perfectly for every individual person and the epidemiological value of a genome database of an entire population is inconceivable!
considering how difficult it can be for people with prior conditions to get health care in some systems, I'm just worried about the privacy of genotyping - it seems to me like the next frontier to defend beyond internet privacy. I can't imagine the horror if employers or the state could look at my genotype.
I can just picture the online dating profiles of tomorrow. "Likes long walks on the beach, hiking, and possesses 2% Neanderthal genetic ancestry" :) One step closer to Gattaca
The privacy implications of this are pretty scary. I wouldn't mind getting my results, but I don't have much faith that a company would keep my genotype data safe. Breaches seem too common...
So wait, about the lactose intolerance genes, what would you think mine would be if I went almost my entire life completely fine with dairy products until I turned about 20-21 which now I get gassy and bloated (not fully lactose-intolerant) from dairy? One of each? Or do you think it would be some other reason?
Very interesting, I think I will get my genotype done :D Did any of your peers encounter unexpected, negative results ? e.g. a high probability of a genetic disorder appearing in later life ? I'm not after names, i just wondered if they shared that with your class and how they dealt with that ?
Lactose intolerance is a characteristic in which a person reaching puberty age begins to suffer gastric distress after eating dairy products. The default position, built up during long times as hunter-gatherers, is that the enzyme for breaking lactose up into simpler sugars is produced in the ages when nursing is an important source of nutrition, and turned off thereafter as a needless waste of protein production that costs energy. In the last 20,000 years or so humans have domesticated other mammals, and their milk is an important source of protein and fat not accessible to teenagers and adults. The human race, in areas where dairy products are primarily available has begun the process of suppressing the shutdown of the lactase enzyme in puberty; about 40% of adults have that ability.
I got really lucky somehow in that in a class I actually ran the tests that those companies do to your DNA. I swabbed myself and put it through PCR and everything. It is amazing what science can do. But for time, we didn't look at any SNPs that could do anything, just one random one on an intron. I also got to manipulate viral DNA! Biology class FTW!!
Awesome, this was very interesting :) I just wonder if they do tests outside of the US, as I live in Bulgaria and would be interested in going through this :) On an another note - You've changed :) I like it
I wanted to get your thoughts on this. how did this company handle anonymity and information security. I do not feel too comfortable with a company having my genetic codes and knowing my risk factors. how do we know this information is secure an anonymous. it could be used by insurance companies to grant me insurance for to deny me. don't get me wrong it sounds interesting and I would like to do it but I just don't feel comfortable with a company having my risk factors in their computer.
I was lucky enough to be tested before the FDA restriction on 23andMe. It's interesting and scary to see your risk factors for diseases. But knowledge is power! Also I am kinda siding with the FDA on this one. 23andMe should abide by standards for accuracy.
I'm really very interested in this, and would like to hear more about your opinion of the fda's stance on 23 and me and the health....stuff they decided we can't hear about. Good decision, bad decision, why?
As far as I can tell, it is more of an 'under investigation' situation where they temporarily stopped things until they have a better understanding. In my opinion, putting a hold on things while they investigate is reasonable considering the implication of these results. Being able to mistakenly tell someone they will have Huntington's Disease (for example) is a scary prospect and should have some oversight.
I don't think the FDA should get in between me and my DNA knowledge. I'd want to know as much as possible about my genome. I do not want to go to a doctor to find this out at quadruple the price.
+John Simms THE FDA isn't/wasn't really getting in the way as all they were saying was that what 23andMe were doing was not a valid medical test so they cannot report health data. The data is still there so you can upload it into a third party website if you want to get the same information. I think it is fair that the FDA wants to regulate genetic testing and to ensure people are getting a good product. You do not want a car that is falsely advertised for fuel efficiency.
I'd really want to know where I (and my ancestors) come from, and how much neanderthal I am. Not that interested in knowing risks of diseases, or lactose intolerance (I'm not intolerant at all). My grandmothers maiden name was very German sounding... but for all I know, everyone's been Swedish. Would be so interesting to find out some day :)
Annoying that Britain is classed as one gene type, There are some who live in Scotland, Ireland and Wales who carry the Celtic genes whilst the English carry the Anglo Saxon genes
Some of us love geeky smart girls with crooked teeth. Boo to braces! She's smart and her teeth are fine. Well, unless she really just wants to do braces. then that's fine too.
This has been screwing with me since I started watching you like a year and a half ago. What is your accent? It's just barely noticable but it's been messing with me for a long time now
Thanks, I've done an about video for my 23 and me. I plan to do a playlist for channel I use for my students. I also did Ancestry. Can I add this video to my playlist? You say it better than anyone I've seen out there. Thanks for all you videos. type to you later Chris
There are two other types of genotypical analysis: y-chromosome and mitochondrial analyses. They examine the y-chromosome and the mitochondrial DNA; the former is inherited from the male only ancestor line fading back into the deep past, and the mitochondrial follows the female-only ancestor path. These may be interesting, but represent only a very small fraction each of an individual's total ancestry. Consider: a mere 10 generations back (around 1820) each person has about 1024 ancestors (barring overlaps). The all male line is one; the all female line is one other, so between them you can track 2 of over a 1000 of your ancestral input. In other words, such analysis tells you nothing about the vast majority of your ancestors.
23andme does neither partially nor fully sequence your genotype. Its just (mostly) a custom test battery for SNPs. And not even all of them. I think full genome sequencing will be available non-commercially for 200 USD by 2030 or something. Now its like 1200 USD afaik. Anyway, will you put your genome online? Because ... you can't get anymore naked than that. Literally in 10 years your whole body will be visible with CGI and your IQ (and other variables) of course with 70% probability displayed. Again I have no sound here, I only read the title. But its about 23andme and "genotype" doesn't make any sense.
I really enjoyed reading "My Beautiful Genome" by Lone Frank ... who found the info freeing, “My genome is not a straitjacket but a soft sweater to fill and shape, to snuggle up and stretch out in,” Frank says. “So who am I? I am what I do with this beautiful information that has flowed through millions of years through billions of organisms and has, now, finally been entrusted to me.” Read more at blog.23andme.com/recommended-reading/lone-franks-beautiful-genome/#bTTKtR7Etfl6HE1h.99
i've noticed while looking at your beautiful angelic face, that your genes appear to be distinct from two independent sets, i mean you appear to be "made" from two visually different women due to the differences i see in your face.
I still haven't decided if you are a vampire or a werewolf, but I'd let you bite me either way. It looks like you have braces on the bottom, don't change the top. :(
Awesome explanation. You rock! I want to get mine done but its 100 bucks. Besides, it doesn't give you 100% accurate info about the genes anyway. I guess I'll wait a couple decades for the price of the full genome sequencing to go down and my income to go up Does anyone know roughly how accurate the SNPs inferences about genotypes are?
The Internet needs more Bite Sci-zed.
Alex is the only woman I know of that can claim to be over 3% Neanderthal AND discuss her ear wax within a ten-minute span of time yet still seem uber-adorable after all is said and done.
I'm sure there's a joke in there about Italian ancestry and Gino typing.
There is another one at 0:33 if you have a twisted mind : "... looking at all the regions between your jeans and anything that's in there...".
Miss u so much thank god u r back
So glad for another Bite Sci-zed! Great vid & nice to see you looking a little less stressed. (i hope) Would love to get my genotype if it's ever in the budget - so fascinating!
Was not aware this testing was readily available, I'll have to see if I'm a valid & can go to space.
If not, get a disabled friend who is valid
Blaise Igirubuntu But make sure said friend doesn't have an incinerator handy,
Why would plotting global data on genotation yield very different results to 23andme info graphic?
I miss all your videos!
I haven't had my whole genome tested, but a targeted test showed I have an increased risk of developing chronic bone marrow cancer. Knowing this I can have new blood tests test done every year, and treatment can start before any real damage is done. That way it's not something I'll die from, I may just have to live with it until I die from something else.
Go do testing!
This video gave a nice, quick explanation of genotyping and going through the process itself, great job! If anyone wants to read a more thorough account of the personal experience side of these sorts of things, I thought Lone Frank's "My Beautiful Genome" was an interesting read. Keep up the good work!
The the raw data from 23andMe is the most important of what they give you anyway. You can export it into MTHFR Support or Genetic Genie to help with analysis.
Another fascinating video. The potential implications of this testing is vast. Pricing of life insurance, health insurance, etc. But I would imagine that it goes hand in hand with some strenuous ethics debates.
I wanted to test my genes a long time ago, when The Genographic Project was a thing, but unfortunately it was canceled. I'm really curious about what ancestors I may have and from where do they originated.
Your last name is Romanian. Problem solved.
*****
Not quite. I mean not that recent ancestors. The Genographic Project showed the trip that our ancestors made, to different continents across millions of years. To me that's very fascinating.
Don Dorcha
Oh... Last time I checked their site there was a big message saying that the project is over and you can't buy the kit anymore. But I see now that it's alive and well, I guess they switch to the "Geno 2.0" thing, that I see in their About page.
Thanks for your comment! Now I'm happy that I can send my genes for the test! :)
The kind of genotyping described is called autosomal typing, and it is essentially a comparison of your SNPs against the SNPs of averages in the places in question. I had not heard that they were doing so on a national level; what I was used to is the typing within the categories European, African and Native American, and more lately East Asian. More data means more possibilities of correlations. My understanding is that the mappings ideally would be those in the representative places about 500 years ago. Yes, we're all African, but that's 100,000 years ago.
OMG!!!!!! I am totaly going to do this :)
ps how the PhD is going well
I only became aware of the regional occurrence of lactose intolerance recently...when I was re-watching Buffy the Vampire slayer. I didn't know that digesting lactose was mostly a Europium thing and that vast swaths (a large majority) of peoples in Asia are lactose intolerant...very interesting finding that out, as I love dairy products so much it was a shock to realize that most of the world doesn't share this predilection.
Thank you for making this video and sharing this with us! GENOtation is so awesome!!
I got my 23andMe analysis about a year ago. Your explanation of SNPs was much better than the one on their site! I originate also from Europe and I'm still here... ;) 2.7% Neanderthal. Cheap genome sequencing will, among other things, change the future of medicine completely. Drugs, therapies or food can be adjusted perfectly for every individual person and the epidemiological value of a genome database of an entire population is inconceivable!
considering how difficult it can be for people with prior conditions to get health care in some systems, I'm just worried about the privacy of genotyping - it seems to me like the next frontier to defend beyond internet privacy. I can't imagine the horror if employers or the state could look at my genotype.
I can just picture the online dating profiles of tomorrow. "Likes long walks on the beach, hiking, and possesses 2% Neanderthal genetic ancestry" :) One step closer to Gattaca
glad to be 99% identical to someone as beautiful as you
You are far more likely to hunt mammoths than I...
The privacy implications of this are pretty scary. I wouldn't mind getting my results, but I don't have much faith that a company would keep my genotype data safe. Breaches seem too common...
So wait, about the lactose intolerance genes, what would you think mine would be if I went almost my entire life completely fine with dairy products until I turned about 20-21 which now I get gassy and bloated (not fully lactose-intolerant) from dairy? One of each? Or do you think it would be some other reason?
There is a large Acadian population in the Boston area, mayhap Miss Bite sci-zed's people are from NovaScotia or god forbid New Brunswick.
Very well explained, as always
3:30 You are Canadian? No wonder you are so awesome.
Very interesting, I think I will get my genotype done :D Did any of your peers encounter unexpected, negative results ? e.g. a high probability of a genetic disorder appearing in later life ? I'm not after names, i just wondered if they shared that with your class and how they dealt with that ?
Lactose intolerance is a characteristic in which a person reaching puberty age begins to suffer gastric distress after eating dairy products. The default position, built up during long times as hunter-gatherers, is that the enzyme for breaking lactose up into simpler sugars is produced in the ages when nursing is an important source of nutrition, and turned off thereafter as a needless waste of protein production that costs energy. In the last 20,000 years or so humans have domesticated other mammals, and their milk is an important source of protein and fat not accessible to teenagers and adults. The human race, in areas where dairy products are primarily available has begun the process of suppressing the shutdown of the lactase enzyme in puberty; about 40% of adults have that ability.
I got really lucky somehow in that in a class I actually ran the tests that those companies do to your DNA. I swabbed myself and put it through PCR and everything. It is amazing what science can do. But for time, we didn't look at any SNPs that could do anything, just one random one on an intron. I also got to manipulate viral DNA! Biology class FTW!!
Awesome, this was very interesting :)
I just wonder if they do tests outside of the US, as I live in Bulgaria and would be interested in going through this :)
On an another note - You've changed :) I like it
I wanted to get your thoughts on this. how did this company handle anonymity and information security. I do not feel too comfortable with a company having my genetic codes and knowing my risk factors. how do we know this information is secure an anonymous. it could be used by insurance companies to grant me insurance for to deny me. don't get me wrong it sounds interesting and I would like to do it but I just don't feel comfortable with a company having my risk factors in their computer.
awesome video
No buffalo? Psh, you don't know what you're missing!
-J
I was lucky enough to be tested before the FDA restriction on 23andMe. It's interesting and scary to see your risk factors for diseases. But knowledge is power! Also I am kinda siding with the FDA on this one. 23andMe should abide by standards for accuracy.
beautiful
I'm really very interested in this, and would like to hear more about your opinion of the fda's stance on 23 and me and the health....stuff they decided we can't hear about. Good decision, bad decision, why?
As far as I can tell, it is more of an 'under investigation' situation where they temporarily stopped things until they have a better understanding.
In my opinion, putting a hold on things while they investigate is reasonable considering the implication of these results. Being able to mistakenly tell someone they will have Huntington's Disease (for example) is a scary prospect and should have some oversight.
Oh, wow, 3.3%? I thought I was up there with 2.6%. Did you see the related T-shirts there?
Green eyes? It is hard being color blind sometimes.
What kinda traits do people have who have a lot of neanderthal genes?
(not even sure if that was worded correctly)
Can you find out how closely your parents are related?
Good luck with the PhD, nice video, can you do one on the functional aspects, epigenetics, thanks.
GATTA TAG A CAT
Oh, and high five for having lower risk of diabetes - I am sitting at 70% of the average for type 2 and 10% - ten! - for type 1.
I don't think the FDA should get in between me and my DNA knowledge. I'd want to know as much as possible about my genome. I do not want to go to a doctor to find this out at quadruple the price.
+John Simms THE FDA isn't/wasn't really getting in the way as all they were saying was that what 23andMe were doing was not a valid medical test so they cannot report health data. The data is still there so you can upload it into a third party website if you want to get the same information. I think it is fair that the FDA wants to regulate genetic testing and to ensure people are getting a good product. You do not want a car that is falsely advertised for fuel efficiency.
I'd really want to know where I (and my ancestors) come from, and how much neanderthal I am. Not that interested in knowing risks of diseases, or lactose intolerance (I'm not intolerant at all). My grandmothers maiden name was very German sounding... but for all I know, everyone's been Swedish. Would be so interesting to find out some day :)
Sometimes i just watch and stare.....
Annoying that Britain is classed as one gene type, There are some who live in Scotland, Ireland and Wales who carry the Celtic genes whilst the English carry the Anglo Saxon genes
actually, majority of english have more celtic dna than anglo saxon dna
last minute was very nice :)
I'm quite curious about my genotype, but 99 dollars (exl. shipping costs to Europe) is just too much.
hey you got braces they suck so bad!! worth it in the long run tho.
its going to be fun watching the transformation over the next year or two :)
Some of us love geeky smart girls with crooked teeth. Boo to braces! She's smart and her teeth are fine. Well, unless she really just wants to do braces. then that's fine too.
This has been screwing with me since I started watching you like a year and a half ago.
What is your accent? It's just barely noticable but it's been messing with me for a long time now
She's from Boston so I believe its just a lisp.
Its more of a cadance rather than an actual pitch or speech impediment
Joseph Beck It might also be because of both her parents being french canadian, she said so in this video.
Matthew Olson She also has braces now.
Matthew Olson
I don't know, Quebecers don't really sound like that when they speak English.
Are SNP only intron or both introns and exons?
Great question! SNPs are found in both.
Thanks, I've done an about video for my 23 and me. I plan to do a playlist for channel I use for my students. I also did Ancestry. Can I add this video to my playlist? You say it better than anyone I've seen out there.
Thanks for all you videos.
type to you later Chris
You can absolutely add it! And let me know where the playlist is, I'd love to see!
2:40-2:57 so basically 23andme didn't give the FDA enough money
Uhhhh, no. They were playing doctor without a license.
There are two other types of genotypical analysis: y-chromosome and mitochondrial analyses. They examine the y-chromosome and the mitochondrial DNA; the former is inherited from the male only ancestor line fading back into the deep past, and the mitochondrial follows the female-only ancestor path. These may be interesting, but represent only a very small fraction each of an individual's total ancestry. Consider: a mere 10 generations back (around 1820) each person has about 1024 ancestors (barring overlaps). The all male line is one; the all female line is one other, so between them you can track 2 of over a 1000 of your ancestral input. In other words, such analysis tells you nothing about the vast majority of your ancestors.
This is cool
23andme does neither partially nor fully sequence your genotype. Its just (mostly) a custom test battery for SNPs. And not even all of them. I think full genome sequencing will be available non-commercially for 200 USD by 2030 or something. Now its like 1200 USD afaik. Anyway, will you put your genome online? Because ... you can't get anymore naked than that. Literally in 10 years your whole body will be visible with CGI and your IQ (and other variables) of course with 70% probability displayed.
Again I have no sound here, I only read the title. But its about 23andme and "genotype" doesn't make any sense.
What is on your teeth
I have assumed Alex has some east Asian ancestry. I'm wrong.
I really enjoyed reading "My Beautiful Genome" by Lone Frank ... who found the info freeing, “My genome is not a straitjacket but a soft sweater to fill and shape, to snuggle up and stretch out in,” Frank says. “So who am I? I am what I do with this beautiful information that has flowed through millions of years through billions of organisms and has, now, finally been entrusted to me.”
Read more at blog.23andme.com/recommended-reading/lone-franks-beautiful-genome/#bTTKtR7Etfl6HE1h.99
I would totally hunt a mammoth with you!
i've noticed while looking at your beautiful angelic face, that your genes appear to be distinct from two independent sets, i mean you appear to be "made" from two visually different women due to the differences i see in your face.
Myles Power sent me here. Nice video
Parlez-vous français?
"GCAT"
Proof that God is Actually a cat.
I'd actually consider getting genotyped. I'm mixed race(half Asian/ half white), so the results would probably be interesting and informative.
Oh cool! You're part Neanderthal. Neans were actually smart and compassionate folk. You carry that on very well. 8D
I still haven't decided if you are a vampire or a werewolf, but I'd let you bite me either way. It looks like you have braces on the bottom, don't change the top. :(
I forgot how cute you are...
I believe Neanderthals gave all Europeans light skin.
I though you were Asian haha :) I'm 2.9% Neanderthal.
Hmm. I thought you were part Asian. News!
this is pure animal cruelty - would rather they experiment on humans.
Would they have a genome pair that shows how stupid someone could be. I bet obama's would crash the sequencer.
Awesome explanation. You rock!
I want to get mine done but its 100 bucks. Besides, it doesn't give you 100% accurate info about the genes anyway. I guess I'll wait a couple decades for the price of the full genome sequencing to go down and my income to go up
Does anyone know roughly how accurate the SNPs inferences about genotypes are?
Miss u so much thank god u r back
You are far more likely to hunt mammoths than I...