The craziest part of humanity is literally everything can have some utility we can exploit, even something that’s bad or annoying like rust or mold, we can turn it into hand warmers or medicine, everything in the world has value to us.
@michaelscott5171 That's nonsense. Of the 2500 mosquito species, only 2 species ever have a blood meal. All 2500 species are pollinators, indeed they are exceptionally more important to the pollenation of flora in the world (including human crop plants) than even bees are. You take away mosquitoes and the entire food web collapses.
@@YunxiaoChu Iron gets pulled to the glass to show its magnetic and iron, but the glass prevents it sticking to the magnet. Magnet leaves with no iron and the iron drops from the glass.
I have a hand warmer ( palm size) that I charge with my phone charger. 3 heat settings and both sides heat up. Got it as a Xmas gift. Colorado bus rider here.Very handy.
some time traveller is gonna scald their hand using one of these babies in the End-Carboniferous era Edit: Original comment as Pre-Cambrian era (the Great Oxygenation Event mass extinction was only 8% oxygen in the atmosphere, but still way lower than the 21% today), peak oxygen should be End-Carboniferous at 35%. Thx nerds in the comments.
@LegacyCatalyst > _That’s actually genius, why hasn’t this been a bit in a time travel movie yet_ ? Not sure if you wanted a serious answer, but I'll be "that guy" for a minute. Three primary reasons that I can see. (1) *By the ice ages, oxygen levels had already dropped* Only one of my three is based in actual science, and I'm only 90% sure that I'm right. The Cambrian era (500mya) saw higher oxygen levels--but average temperatures were also higher. So there's nowhere interesting in Earth's past that requires hand warmers _and_ also has "too much" oxygen. Climate change deniers love to lean on Cambrian atmospheric conditions as an example of "it's fine, because we've done this before." Of course, they never mention Cambrian temperatures--or that mammals wouldn't exist for 300 million years. Oxygen isn't as significant a greenhouse gas as CO2, but it's still associated with elevated temps. I honestly don't know if there were ever cold environments coinciding with higher oxygen levels, but just about everything we've seen (in both documentaries and time travel fiction) is *Big Lizard, Tropical Rainforest* It's true we've got some ice age lore in (non)fiction, but I suspect the gag would require a bit of "poetic license." (2) *It's a niche nerd joke* I actually chuckled when I read @jacksim's comment--and I expect the bulk of Chem Teacher Phil's audience will appreciate it. But the average viewer won't. The setup will take too long for the value of the payoff. Because... (3) *screen time is expensive* My brother is a filmmaker. He's always meticulously shaving five seconds here, two seconds there. Not so much expensive to produce--although production cost is certainly a factor. I'm talking about final project runtime, e.g. having a short film over 20 minutes is a cardinal sin. And the attention span of today's audiences is largely driving runtimes down even further. Having done music for a couple of them, I've fallen in love with lines (or entire scenes) in drafts that sadly are excised from the final project. I'd be extremely impressed if someone can write a setup that adequately articulates the relationship between the rust, heat, and ambient oxygen content--and then films a joke (likely a quick visual gag?) that justifies the time burnt † on the explanation. This short is 31 seconds--and that's probably too long for a series that's not intentionally educational. My vote is if ArcOsprey can overcome #3 that this idea gets included, because it's a great idea--but I'm not optimistic. Sorry to be the downer if it doesn't work. † no pun intended
That's very interesting! They hand these out at work and I cut one open at the end of the day out of curiosity. Had no idea what was in it, definitely looking like metal shavings!
It's funny that I came across your channel. One of my new years resolutions is I want to start relearning basic highschool information. First on the list is to familiarize myself with (again) and then remembering the periodic table!
I remember doing this when I was 12 or 13 in the Boy Scouts, and then in all of my infinite wisdom, I found myself doing it again in FTXs in the USMC. Between hand warmers and coffee, we could conquer the world.
I didn't even know handwarmers like this were a thing until I was an adult. It was this weird alienating revelation. "People buy disposable packets to temporarily keep their hands warm? What?"
This reminds me of the demonstration my instructor did when we were learning to flame-cut steel. He preheated and started the cut, but then turned off the acetylene part-way through and finished the cut just with the reaction between the molten steel and jet of oxygen.
@@MintBiscuitlol it's relatable tho when I first started using tumblr after taking a break from twitter my brain always called the posts there as tweets and reblogs as retweets. Too much twttter did this to me
i think it's interesting to think of how they probably researched to find ideal quantities for ambient conditions. maybe it's a simple calculation or maybe not. would be interested to know how they figured it out.
I googled this during the last snow storm and it made me so unreasonably happy. But also it made me very concerned for my car to know just how fast iron can rust
So basically it just encourages the hell out of oxidation, so much that the process of rusting generates enough waste heat that we can actually feel it? Thats crazy
I once had some random food package contain a small version of these to trap any oxygen that leaked into the bag. It turned pretty warm donce the package was open
Bruh for being an outsider is crazy to see what things exist in the US, first was the thermite coffee can and now hand warmer? Are really amazing to hear for first time
Here's a pro tip for all the people who's cars wouldn't start in that extreme cold snap we had a week ago! If your car has trouble starting due to a weak battery/ bad corroded terminals in the in the super cold weather, you can open a 2 pack of those suckers... Then place one on top of each terminal/ connector. Then proceeded to let warm up the terminals and battery for about 5 to 10 minutes... Then BOOM your car will start right up!!
I doubt some hand warmers are really going to substantially affect the temperature of a 40 lb lead acid in 5-10 minutes. Maybe you'd see a degree or 2 in like 45 minutes. Just get a jump pack, they're cheap and worth it.
The fact that finely divided rust is used to make thermite should give you a sense of just how exothermic rusting can get if allowed to happen fast enough. Pyrophoric iron powder is also an example of this.
that s interesting. I always thought it was more like a quicklime reaction but wondered how they kept it from getting too hot. This makes a lot more sense
I love these hand warmers. The military had some 40 years ago but they weren't as good as these. I try to remember to take these with me to the hospital because I am often very cold there plus if I have one in my hand it makes it a lot easier to get blood out of my arm, and if I am having surgery, I put the foot ones in my socks and and hold on to the other ones until I fall asleep. 😊
This is really interesting to me because I work Maintenance at an ice rink facility which uses calcium chloride brine to chill the floor, and anything that stuff touches is not extensively cleaned immediately it will be ruined with rust.
Its why you can slow or pause the reaction a little bit by putting them in a closed container, once the iron reacta with all the oxygen in the container it cant continue to oxidize
Thank you for doing this! I actually found out how they worked and considered putting them in oxygen myself, but then I realized what if it goes nuts on me and starts a fire or something, so I decided against it. I now have my answer. Still not trying it though haha
I'm homeless, and I use heatpacks that are meant for reptile transport. I put one or two in my sleeping bag when it gets cold. So comfy to have warm feet 🤗
Fun fact; until recently, most firearms were finished with 'bluing', which is intentionally allowing an even, thin layer of black oxide to form on the metal.
Fun fact, you can turn off the acetylene while oxyacetylene torch cutting, and use just pure oxygen to continue cutting/melting the steel. That's how strong this effect can be.
I think they need to be kept where there's humidity otherwise they dry out and stop working(when activated). Like in a pocket close to your body so your sweat keeps the humidity up.
i didnt know rusting wqs an exothermic reaction, but it makes sense its oxidation, thats the same reaction that takes place when we burn things. why are some reactions exothermic and some endothermic? i remember watching a small lecture from the royal academy about this, it had something to do with entropy and energy. the two rules beling the universe tends towards minimizing energy and increasing entropy, increasing entropy makes intuitive sense in the case of gasses diffusing and temperature equalizing, it simply state that stuff thens to spread, and because there are many more way for something to be disorganised than for that something to be organised, it tends towards being more disorganised. This is also where you get the phrase "life on earth is a thermodynamic miracle" but i never quite understood minimizing energy, and couldint explain why that is, other than, its just the way it is. any system tends to prefer a lower energy state, maybe its too fundamental to explain in any other way, other than its just the way it is. i think these two properties of our universe, entropy increasing over time and state energy minimizing, are what dictate wether something releases heat or absorbs heat into/from its environment. things that lower the energy are bound to release that lost energy in the form of heat. i dont remember what causes cooling... i wonde rif i can reason about it, well it must take energy from its environment instead of giving it, that was the explanation! the professor asked the question: why does it do that, even though it requires energy to do so? why do endotermic reaction able to occur? and the answer was entropy, it was because even though the energy in the system was increasing (stealing heat from the environment) entropy was still increasing i belive the example given was an ice cube melting, ts an endotermic thing (i dont think its a reaction... maybe it is a reaction, because the hidrogen bonds between the water molecules are weaking, even though it doesnt have a chamical equation) and it also increases entropy, that was the secret sauce, to cooling off the environment, does the thing result in increased entropy. man, this comment is not for the weak of heart, what a long thing ive wrote. Id like to get back into science. I was great at physics back in uni, and even though i wasnt good at chemistry or biology i still loved the topics.
In-fact, you can purge iron with pure oxygen can even get so hot that it can reach melting point.. this principle is even used in industries, to melt scrap iron
* thermite hand warmer enters the chat *
"Paige. Noooo!"
Ah, I get it, it's because you're a Zoomer and you think arson is fun
@@topogigio7031arson is fun for all generations
@@topogigio7031 Dude thermite is just iron and aluminum
More like thermite hand melter
So basically, handwarmers are kid-friendly thermite.
@TurdFerguson43 Wow, that's interesting. I'm not a chemist if you couldn't tell lol
@TurdFerguson43kid friendly thermite sounds like the exact opposite of thermite. You're both right
@@leafypalmfrond8938there's no such thing as kid friendly thermite. Those are kid friendly hand warmers
@@gravityUTube But kid friendly thermite sounds better
As an adult I can confirm that we use thermite as hand warmers and leave these hand warmers to the kids.
The craziest part of humanity is literally everything can have some utility we can exploit, even something that’s bad or annoying like rust or mold, we can turn it into hand warmers or medicine, everything in the world has value to us.
Except aids.
Well... It does lower 🏳️🌈 pop...
Except for mosquitos, they have no redeeming useful qualities
Of course, that's not exclusive to humanity...
@michaelscott5171 That's nonsense. Of the 2500 mosquito species, only 2 species ever have a blood meal. All 2500 species are pollinators, indeed they are exceptionally more important to the pollenation of flora in the world (including human crop plants) than even bees are. You take away mosquitoes and the entire food web collapses.
I'm sure we could genetically modify them to inject rabies vaccines or something into the wildlife population @@michaelscott5171
Using the nonconductive barrier between the magnet and iron filings is an especially smart idea. Thanks!
What do you mean?
@@YunxiaoChu Iron gets pulled to the glass to show its magnetic and iron, but the glass prevents it sticking to the magnet. Magnet leaves with no iron and the iron drops from the glass.
That’s cool! We’ve been using these at work a lot lately. I looked up how they work, but it’s way more satisfying to hear it from a chemist.
I have a hand warmer ( palm size) that I charge with my phone charger. 3 heat settings and both sides heat up. Got it as a Xmas gift.
Colorado bus rider here.Very handy.
some time traveller is gonna scald their hand using one of these babies in the End-Carboniferous era
Edit: Original comment as Pre-Cambrian era (the Great Oxygenation Event mass extinction was only 8% oxygen in the atmosphere, but still way lower than the 21% today), peak oxygen should be End-Carboniferous at 35%. Thx nerds in the comments.
Ngl, would make for a funny scene in a manga
That’s actually genius, why hasn’t this been a bit in a time travel movie yet?
I have a time travel series in the works I’m adding this into it lmao
@@arcosprey4811 ヽ(♡‿♡)ノ gosh funnn, time travel should be more slap stick
@LegacyCatalyst > _That’s actually genius, why hasn’t this been a bit in a time travel movie yet_ ?
Not sure if you wanted a serious answer, but I'll be "that guy" for a minute. Three primary reasons that I can see.
(1) *By the ice ages, oxygen levels had already dropped*
Only one of my three is based in actual science, and I'm only 90% sure that I'm right.
The Cambrian era (500mya) saw higher oxygen levels--but average temperatures were also higher. So there's nowhere interesting in Earth's past that requires hand warmers _and_ also has "too much" oxygen.
Climate change deniers love to lean on Cambrian atmospheric conditions as an example of "it's fine, because we've done this before." Of course, they never mention Cambrian temperatures--or that mammals wouldn't exist for 300 million years.
Oxygen isn't as significant a greenhouse gas as CO2, but it's still associated with elevated temps. I honestly don't know if there were ever cold environments coinciding with higher oxygen levels, but just about everything we've seen (in both documentaries and time travel fiction) is *Big Lizard, Tropical Rainforest*
It's true we've got some ice age lore in (non)fiction, but I suspect the gag would require a bit of "poetic license."
(2) *It's a niche nerd joke*
I actually chuckled when I read @jacksim's comment--and I expect the bulk of Chem Teacher Phil's audience will appreciate it. But the average viewer won't. The setup will take too long for the value of the payoff. Because...
(3) *screen time is expensive*
My brother is a filmmaker. He's always meticulously shaving five seconds here, two seconds there. Not so much expensive to produce--although production cost is certainly a factor. I'm talking about final project runtime, e.g. having a short film over 20 minutes is a cardinal sin. And the attention span of today's audiences is largely driving runtimes down even further.
Having done music for a couple of them, I've fallen in love with lines (or entire scenes) in drafts that sadly are excised from the final project. I'd be extremely impressed if someone can write a setup that adequately articulates the relationship between the rust, heat, and ambient oxygen content--and then films a joke (likely a quick visual gag?) that justifies the time burnt † on the explanation. This short is 31 seconds--and that's probably too long for a series that's not intentionally educational.
My vote is if ArcOsprey can overcome #3 that this idea gets included, because it's a great idea--but I'm not optimistic.
Sorry to be the downer if it doesn't work.
† no pun intended
I’ve always wondered how these magical things worked! And it’s so simple! Rust! Love it, thank you.
That's very interesting! They hand these out at work and I cut one open at the end of the day out of curiosity. Had no idea what was in it, definitely looking like metal shavings!
It's a clump after it goes out.
Hot Hands! This was amazing insight on one of my favorite products. Thank you!
time to try this at home this is going to be fire
Literally.
Make sure to do a taste test
Ferb, I know what we're doing today
It's funny that I came across your channel. One of my new years resolutions is I want to start relearning basic highschool information. First on the list is to familiarize myself with (again) and then remembering the periodic table!
In the Army I used to slip these In my gloves when we were on exercise, best feeling ever
😅😅😅cheater
@@kingjames7273 damn right xD
I remember doing this when I was 12 or 13 in the Boy Scouts, and then in all of my infinite wisdom, I found myself doing it again in FTXs in the USMC. Between hand warmers and coffee, we could conquer the world.
I didn't even know handwarmers like this were a thing until I was an adult.
It was this weird alienating revelation. "People buy disposable packets to temporarily keep their hands warm? What?"
I did NOT know this, thank you. I used these all winter at my last job.
rusting is an exothermic reaction
Thank you for teaching me this
"Rust is a really slow form of burning, in a simplified way." Said our physics teacher. Love it! :)
This reminds me of the demonstration my instructor did when we were learning to flame-cut steel. He preheated and started the cut, but then turned off the acetylene part-way through and finished the cut just with the reaction between the molten steel and jet of oxygen.
didnt expect to actually learn something while scrolling through reels on the internet
nice lab coat btw
??? reels
@@JosiahTheScienceGuy Social media gay
@@MintBiscuitlol it's relatable tho when I first started using tumblr after taking a break from twitter my brain always called the posts there as tweets and reblogs as retweets. Too much twttter did this to me
reels? blud thinks this is instagram 💀
"Nice lab coat btw" is this how science nerds check each other?
Wow, I had no idea. That's cool! Thank you for free knowledge!
A friend and I were wondering how these worked, thank you!
I wondered how those work! Thank you.
I had no idea until I watched this. Thanks!
i think it's interesting to think of how they probably researched to find ideal quantities for ambient conditions. maybe it's a simple calculation or maybe not. would be interested to know how they figured it out.
Super cool! I was just asking about how the warmers ensure they don't overheat/burn the user. Thanks for the info!
Stick them on top of the garment beneath your sweater or jacket. Or on top of your gloves if you want to warm your hands.
I googled this during the last snow storm and it made me so unreasonably happy. But also it made me very concerned for my car to know just how fast iron can rust
I did not know! Very interesting! 😊
So basically it just encourages the hell out of oxidation, so much that the process of rusting generates enough waste heat that we can actually feel it? Thats crazy
I once had some random food package contain a small version of these to trap any oxygen that leaked into the bag. It turned pretty warm donce the package was open
This guy giving us the education that was literally lacking from most public schools .
Bruh for being an outsider is crazy to see what things exist in the US, first was the thermite coffee can and now hand warmer? Are really amazing to hear for first time
Plenty of people post videos about scientific stuff, but yours are usually very different and so interesting.
Put these in a zip lock bag and squeeze as much air out as possible.
The reaction will stop, and resume then you reopen the seal
😑
Oxygen* Not air. 🤦🏿♂️
@@Africanaerialpay attention in 8th grade chemistry class and learn air is 20% oxygen
@ I already know that. -_- My point is Air is not the same as oxygen. Also, I taught myself chemistry before 8th grade.
I use them every day while working on the back of a trash truck. They’re my little heroes!!
same keeps the urine warm in your underwear for piss tests at work.
@@tommac8742 my buddy just strapped his to his inner thigh
Here's a pro tip for all the people who's cars wouldn't start in that extreme cold snap we had a week ago! If your car has trouble starting due to a weak battery/ bad corroded terminals in the in the super cold weather, you can open a 2 pack of those suckers... Then place one on top of each terminal/ connector. Then proceeded to let warm up the terminals and battery for about 5 to 10 minutes... Then BOOM your car will start right up!!
I doubt some hand warmers are really going to substantially affect the temperature of a 40 lb lead acid in 5-10 minutes. Maybe you'd see a degree or 2 in like 45 minutes. Just get a jump pack, they're cheap and worth it.
I always wondered! That's so cool! Thanks!
Oxy acetylene cutting is also just high speed rusting
The fact that finely divided rust is used to make thermite should give you a sense of just how exothermic rusting can get if allowed to happen fast enough. Pyrophoric iron powder is also an example of this.
Rust is a key ingredient in thermite, so I knew rust could get hot...
That's why Mater is so warm hearted.
Take that iron oxide and combine with aluminum powder and a little bit of powdered glucose and make powerful thermite
Hi sir looks amazing
That’s so cool! I’ve always wondered how they worked!
You should do a video on blueing metals aka the special rust that protects metals instead of decaying them
that s interesting. I always thought it was more like a quicklime reaction but wondered how they kept it from getting too hot. This makes a lot more sense
I'm so happy I found this page
Rusting can be very useful, for decades it was used as the world's primary form of data storage
I didn't know that rusting was exothermic!
How many chemistry classes did you pay attention in? Rusting is an oxidation reaction, just like combustion.
@@teebob21 I don't have chemistry yet
@@Mr.supergamer20Oh. You're a kid.
So that's why they aren't nearly as hot on a ski slope, less O2
Science
Half life scientist!
Phil doesn't need to hear all this, he's a highly trained professional!
@@kiachaelchild Half life scientist!
would be cool to see a video on the reversible hand warmers quite common nowdays using crystallization
These things are AMAZING btw. I would die without them at my job hahaha.
They can also be used to absorb oxygen, which is useful in storing certain dry goods, like mushrooms.
Similar to how the Meteor missile works. It uses a solid-fuel ramjet (~ducted rocket), burning boron with air to increase range by 300%.
That might be why they dont work as good when you stuff them into shoes or gloves sometimes. They're not getting as much oxygen.
as someone who works in a freezer i know exactly how useful those hand warmers are
Who knew rusting could be so useful?
* stares in thermal lance *
i like the way you show heat with your hand
I used to use hand warmers in the winter during my daily hikes. But I found it's cheaper to use a rechargeable electric hand warmer instead.
ooh, so that's why they are much cheaper than one would exoect, but also much more expensive than the simple materials they used
This is the Nerdcore we all need ❤
That’s perfect - I’ve been needing iron powder to play with my magnets
I love these hand warmers.
The military had some 40 years ago but they weren't as good as these. I try to remember to take these with me to the hospital because I am often very cold there plus if I have one in my hand it makes it a lot easier to get blood out of my arm, and if I am having surgery, I put the foot ones in my socks and and hold on to the other ones until I fall asleep. 😊
When you touched the thermite packet, I literally flinched.
Salt and water just like the winter roads 😊
And thermite 😂
=rust😂
This is really interesting to me because I work Maintenance at an ice rink facility which uses calcium chloride brine to chill the floor, and anything that stuff touches is not extensively cleaned immediately it will be ruined with rust.
I dumped one of these on my granpas truck hood about 15 years ago.. this explains a lot
Ah, so that's what the album "Rust in Peace" is ACTUALLY about
Its why you can slow or pause the reaction a little bit by putting them in a closed container, once the iron reacta with all the oxygen in the container it cant continue to oxidize
Food storage hack:
Thank you for doing this! I actually found out how they worked and considered putting them in oxygen myself, but then I realized what if it goes nuts on me and starts a fire or something, so I decided against it. I now have my answer. Still not trying it though haha
God bless who created them. I spray paint for tourists in nyc during Christmas and they save my hands and feet 🙏🏻
They also play havoc with compasses.
I learned this the hard way when doing a survival course in Boy Scouts.
Rust never sleeps.
Seriously I’ve learned more in these short than I would’ve in a whole year of chemistry
that's actually really cool
*white phosphorus hand-warmers have entered the chat*
That reminds me of the time I found one in snow while skiing. About 30 min later it was warmer than the one I opened from a package
I'm homeless, and I use heatpacks that are meant for reptile transport. I put one or two in my sleeping bag when it gets cold. So comfy to have warm feet 🤗
Fun fact; until recently, most firearms were finished with 'bluing', which is intentionally allowing an even, thin layer of black oxide to form on the metal.
DOCTOR KLEINER?
I work in the arctic and we put hand warmers on vents to get them hot. Now ik why it works
we need a Phil and Nile collab 🥴
yes! in fact I do know that, thanks to technology connection
I used to pop these suckers in the microwave for 30 seconds when I was younger. Made em dangerously warm. 😂
Fun fact, you can turn off the acetylene while oxyacetylene torch cutting, and use just pure oxygen to continue cutting/melting the steel. That's how strong this effect can be.
I've never seen a handwarmer like that. Only the white gel ones that crystalise.
I think they need to be kept where there's humidity otherwise they dry out and stop working(when activated). Like in a pocket close to your body so your sweat keeps the humidity up.
I had no idea “hand-warmers” were even a thing until I discovered their existence today😂
Sometimes I rub my hands on the fenders of my ram, and the rust helps warms me up during winter.
i didnt know rusting wqs an exothermic reaction, but it makes sense its oxidation, thats the same reaction that takes place when we burn things.
why are some reactions exothermic and some endothermic? i remember watching a small lecture from the royal academy about this, it had something to do with entropy and energy.
the two rules beling the universe tends towards minimizing energy and increasing entropy,
increasing entropy makes intuitive sense in the case of gasses diffusing and temperature equalizing, it simply state that stuff thens to spread, and because there are many more way for something to be disorganised than for that something to be organised, it tends towards being more disorganised. This is also where you get the phrase "life on earth is a thermodynamic miracle"
but i never quite understood minimizing energy, and couldint explain why that is, other than, its just the way it is. any system tends to prefer a lower energy state, maybe its too fundamental to explain in any other way, other than its just the way it is.
i think these two properties of our universe, entropy increasing over time and state energy minimizing, are what dictate wether something releases heat or absorbs heat into/from its environment.
things that lower the energy are bound to release that lost energy in the form of heat.
i dont remember what causes cooling...
i wonde rif i can reason about it,
well it must take energy from its environment instead of giving it, that was the explanation!
the professor asked the question: why does it do that, even though it requires energy to do so? why do endotermic reaction able to occur? and the answer was entropy, it was because even though the energy in the system was increasing (stealing heat from the environment) entropy was still increasing
i belive the example given was an ice cube melting,
ts an endotermic thing (i dont think its a reaction... maybe it is a reaction, because the hidrogen bonds between the water molecules are weaking, even though it doesnt have a chamical equation)
and it also increases entropy, that was the secret sauce, to cooling off the environment, does the thing result in increased entropy.
man, this comment is not for the weak of heart, what a long thing ive wrote. Id like to get back into science. I was great at physics back in uni, and even though i wasnt good at chemistry or biology i still loved the topics.
I used to put these things in my gloves when I played football during the winter
There's a Dutch company that figured out how to use and reuse this for energy transport.
This actually explains why I get burned by them once and a while on the bike.
In-fact, you can purge iron with pure oxygen can even get so hot that it can reach melting point..
this principle is even used in industries, to melt scrap iron
Add a little bit of aluminum and thats where the fun begins
They get heavier as they're working, too
Can you do a video of making one from scratch
Fun fact: This is the same reaction used in mre heat packs, they just dont get as hot.
I mean, i learned in highschool that rust is an exothermic reaction so... Yeah
So according to another video of yours in theory could we turn the used rust back in to iron?