Cataract : Types , Clinical features , Diagnosis, Treatment , Amblyopia , Complications

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Cataract : Types , Clinical features , Diagnosis, Treatment , Amblyopia , Complications -
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Cataract 👁️ is a condition characterized by the clouding of the eye’s natural lens, leading to a gradual decrease in vision.
It is one of the most common causes of blindness worldwide, primarily affecting older adults but can occur at any age. Cataracts are classified into various types, including nuclear, cortical, posterior subcapsular, and congenital cataracts, each affecting different parts of the lens. Clinically, patients may present with blurred or dim vision, glare, halos around lights, difficulty with night vision, and frequent prescription changes for glasses. Diagnosis is made through a comprehensive eye exam, including slit-lamp examination, visual acuity test, and dilated eye exam 🔬.
Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the cloudy lens and replacement with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL), which restores clear vision. Amblyopia (lazy eye) can occur if cataracts develop in children and are left untreated, leading to permanent vision impairment.
Complications of cataract surgery, although rare, can include infection, retinal detachment, or posterior capsular opacification, which may require additional treatment. Understanding cataract management is essential for preserving sight and improving the quality of life.
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