😮When Siliconix introduced their 2N7000, they called it in their ads “Fetlington”, due to a matching turn-on threshold voltage, nearly 1.5 V. But they added that the gate current was way lover than that of a Darlington.
2N2222 and 2N7000 have been my generic, use anywhere NPN BJT and N-channel MOSFET for decades. I have a small pile of each. They are cheap, and they work in all sorts of low-power, modest frequency circuits.
You absolutely can use these for amplifiers. In fact I recently built a demonstration opamp using a pair of 2N7000 as the input long tailed pair, and it works pretty well. A really simple design with only 5 transistors (the input 2N7000 pair, a JFET current source, and an intermediate stage and final class A output BJTs). Fairly linear and GBW=3MHz, not bad.
Yes and at about $0.30 they are quite reasonable to buy to mess about with. A classic common-source stage looks just like a common emitter stage for audio work except it has slightly lower distortion.
@@kensmith5694 30 cents? I paid $1 maybe $1.50 for a bag of 100. You were swindled, my friend. lol for a whopping 50 cents or so. Still, at least it wasn't one of those stupid "kits" with fake parts that costs like $50 for 20 transistors. Which I have seen. You know the chips are just factory rejects that they repurposed.
"I can't believe I haven't done a vide on these yet!" You know what that's exactly what I thought as soon as I saw the title 🤣 But 2n7000/2n7002 is totally still around in the millions, crazy super jellybean part if all you need is a signal level switch. It's one of the cheapest mosfets in existence. If you don't care about exact manufacturer I'm pretty sure it'll beat the 170 on price. Edit: You need to read the datasheets for a few more seconds! Both 2N7000 and BS170 are 60V VDS, and 20V VGS for most OEMs. Microchip claims its own 2n7000 can handle VGS of 30V, so in that instance the *7000* is the higher voltage capable part!
Great ❤ Any chance you could do a video about dual-gate MOSFETs, e.g. BF980, RCA 40673 etc? Personally I find it somewhat difficult to find much information on these, especially when it comes to volt-ampere characteristics (plots), etc.
Cute, I really like the 2N7000 and '7002, ever since they dropped out of favour (got less common anyway) I've been using the BS170 in their place and it's always worked for me as a drop in sub. Interestingly the BS170 is the PA transistor used in a lot of Hans Summers' HF kits, though I'm pretty sure they're class E. There's some versions of BS170 which are sold as 'logic level' but so far I've not seen any difference in operation, just in price.
Yep, the BS170 works very well as an HF amplifier in Class E circuits. They easily work in parallel circuits for QRP level outputs. 3 or 4 of them and you have a solid 5 W for QRP work. You can use as many as you have the input drive for their total gate capacitance, and they are dirt cheap, in the 25 to 50 cent range. I've been playing with the idea of using a dozen of them to build a small 25 Watt booster amp for my (tr)uSDX, just for fun since I have a bin of them. Not needing much heatsinking, and the self-balancing aspect of FET's makes designing RF amps with them very easy. Tuning for Class E is the only concern, and you have to do that in any event.
I had always used the BS250 as a compliment to the 2N7000. Do you think the 2N7002 would be a better compliment for the 2N7000. And likewise, do you think the BS170 would be a better compliment to the BS250? Or should I just keep using CD4007s?
Would you do a comparison FET vs MOSFET, like BF256 vs BS170, to see the difference in behavior and how they differ. I found the 2n7000 recently, from what i know from a German "pod caster" that used a electron microscopes laboratory and showed that things are really grown vertical, more people mentioned this.
Interesting part. 100Vds. Unfortunately price doesn't compete with 2n7000. Might order a few to have around even though I don't think I need such a part. Thank you.
BS170 (almost the same as 2N7000) & BS250P - that's what I've been using for a very long time and 't ain't a bad idea to have a bag or two of both (I tend to design pretty much everything around MOSFETs, it makes life easier interfacing FPGAs / CPLDs and CMOS devices in general).
Maybe. The answer is rather complex. Remember that the body diode of a MOSFET behaves as an avalanche diode - same general apparent behavior as a zener diode but the actual mechanism is different. Typically the voltage at which the diode avalances is at least 20% above the nominal absolute maximum voltage rating of the FET. In the early days of power MOSFETs the body diode was just kind of there and not well specified. Now it is very common to find the body diode's characteristics well specified in the datasheet. There are typically specs for single pulse avalanche energy, repetitive avalance energy, et cetera. The specs allow you to evaluate if you can safely use the body diode's avlanche handling in your circuit. [edit - I just had a look at the BS170 datasheet from ON - no specs at all for the diode! forward current only specs for the 2N7002 doide) Relays often aren't well specified. You'll always get a coil resistance spec and nominal voltage spec, but you usually don't get a spec for the inductance of the coil. Knowing the inductance is useful in this sort of discussion because it tells you how much energy is stored and would have to be handled by the body diode of the FET. Remember that the energy stored in an inductor is (L x i²)/2 where energy is in joules, L is in henries and i is in amperes. You can't instantaneously change the current through a simple inductor. If the current was, say, 40 mA when the FET was ON, that same current would flow _somewhere_ at the instant of turn-off. In this discussion that would be through th body diode. The voltage would rise to the avalanche voltage. The current would then ramp down. With an ideal inductor the down-slope would be linear because the diode would hold the voltage constant until the stored energy was discharged. With a relay the coil resistance comes into play so the discharge isn't linear. Some of the stored energy is "burned up" in the coil resistance. One of the advantages to allowing a high voltage across the coil is that the contacts begin to open sooner and once they start to open they fully open more quickly than they would with a "freewheeling" diode across the coil. This can be a benefit to the contacts because it can reduce arcing. A diode across the coild is the worst possible thing you can do in terms of looking after the contacts! If you can get a spec for the coil inductance or you measure it, then you can determine the maximum stored energy and determine if it falls within the allowable limit for avalanche energy of the FET's body diode. Typically you could use the "single pulse" avalanche rating because the relay switching is probably infrequent, allowing the heat to dissipate between cycles. Again, some of the stored energy is dissipated in the coil resistance, so the diode doesn't have to take it all.
I totally disagree with your assessment that these are not used for amplification. You'll find a 2N7000 in many, many guitar signal boosters in both class A and Mu-amp configurations.
@@dixsusu What's your issue? It's a fact these parts were commonly used as amplifiers for a time. If you listen to Rock and Roll music from the 1970s, 1980s, or 1990s, you've most likely heard them. A search will find you plenty I'm sure, but I know from experience. Oh, look at that... try a search for '2n7000 guitar' or '2n7000 booster'. 🙂 The largest issue was always the batch to batch and maker to maker variability of parameters so getting the most from them in linear operation requires biasing each one individually. Have a nice day.
@@fredmitchel1236 2N7000 was perhaps the king of jellybean FETs before manufacturing shifted to the the BS170 being more common. Everybody made a 2N7000 from Vishay to Fairchild to National Semi to Philips to Motorola to Zetex. Also, in the 1970s, Microchip was known as General Instruments, the same GI behind chips like the AY-5-1013A UART and the AY-3-8910 Sound Generator. GI AY-3-8500 Ball and Paddle chips were powering what were literally the first generation of home video games. Did you know that every Apple //e and Apple //c manufactured in the 1980s contained a Microchip PIC as the keyboard encoder marked AY-5-3600-PRO?
Very easy! Set up a 2N7000 to drive an LED using a nominal LED (e.g. 10ma) current from 5 volts in a breadboard. With it on, then zap the one leads of the 2N7000 with your finger after tribocharging yourself and voila, the LED can get dimmer and dimmer. Have fun!
Yes, you are absolutely right! They are *very* susceptible for ESD. We have 5 of them in a kit that we sell (the Enigma-E) and if something goes wrong it is these darn MOSFET's. The BS170 you cannot compare: It is TREMENDOUSLY better, also for ESD ruggedness.
![แข่งแลกของ 1 วัน!! ของใครแพงสุดชนะ!! [Ver.2024]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/joRT59ilPHg/mqdefault.jpg)
We ❤ chip of the day on your channel, please keep them coming !!!!
Apparently, we is not me.
Ditto!
😮When Siliconix introduced their 2N7000, they called it in their ads “Fetlington”, due to a matching turn-on threshold voltage, nearly 1.5 V. But they added that the gate current was way lover than that of a Darlington.
Chip of the Day, everyone loves Chip of the Day!
I know I do.
I know I do too.@@Peter_S_
No... but, I watch.
2N2222 and 2N7000 have been my generic, use anywhere NPN BJT and N-channel
MOSFET for decades. I have a small pile of each. They are cheap, and they work in all sorts of low-power, modest frequency circuits.
Same.
These days my N-chan jellybean is the A2SHB. 20V, 3.7A, RDS(ON)=50mΩ @ VGS=4.5V in a SOT-23 package. Crazy little piece of silicon.
You absolutely can use these for amplifiers. In fact I recently built a demonstration opamp using a pair of 2N7000 as the input long tailed pair, and it works pretty well. A really simple design
with only 5 transistors (the input 2N7000 pair, a JFET current source, and an intermediate stage and final class A output BJTs). Fairly linear and GBW=3MHz, not bad.
Yes and at about $0.30 they are quite reasonable to buy to mess about with. A classic common-source stage looks just like a common emitter stage for audio work except it has slightly lower distortion.
@@kensmith5694 30 cents? I paid $1 maybe $1.50 for a bag of 100. You were swindled, my friend. lol for a whopping 50 cents or so. Still, at least it wasn't one of those stupid "kits" with fake parts that costs like $50 for 20 transistors. Which I have seen. You know the chips are just factory rejects that they repurposed.
@@halonothing1
Happy new year
"I can't believe I haven't done a vide on these yet!" You know what that's exactly what I thought as soon as I saw the title 🤣 But 2n7000/2n7002 is totally still around in the millions, crazy super jellybean part if all you need is a signal level switch. It's one of the cheapest mosfets in existence. If you don't care about exact manufacturer I'm pretty sure it'll beat the 170 on price.
Edit: You need to read the datasheets for a few more seconds! Both 2N7000 and BS170 are 60V VDS, and 20V VGS for most OEMs. Microchip claims its own 2n7000 can handle VGS of 30V, so in that instance the *7000* is the higher voltage capable part!
I think where the BS170 shines is in its greater current capacity.
Great ❤ Any chance you could do a video about dual-gate MOSFETs, e.g. BF980, RCA 40673 etc? Personally I find it somewhat difficult to find much information on these, especially when it comes to volt-ampere characteristics (plots), etc.
I think if it is difficult to find info... it's not happen'n on this channel... could be wrong.
There's nothing in the datasheets? It seems like if it's not in the datasheet, that's a bit suspicious.
Cute, I really like the 2N7000 and '7002, ever since they dropped out of favour (got less common anyway) I've been using the BS170 in their place and it's always worked for me as a drop in sub.
Interestingly the BS170 is the PA transistor used in a lot of Hans Summers' HF kits, though I'm pretty sure they're class E.
There's some versions of BS170 which are sold as 'logic level' but so far I've not seen any difference in operation, just in price.
Yep, the BS170 works very well as an HF amplifier in Class E circuits. They easily work in parallel circuits for QRP level outputs. 3 or 4 of them and you have a solid 5 W for QRP work. You can use as many as you have the input drive for their total gate capacitance, and they are dirt cheap, in the 25 to 50 cent range. I've been playing with the idea of using a dozen of them to build a small 25 Watt booster amp for my (tr)uSDX, just for fun since I have a bin of them. Not needing much heatsinking, and the self-balancing aspect of FET's makes designing RF amps with them very easy. Tuning for Class E is the only concern, and you have to do that in any event.
I had always used the BS250 as a compliment to the 2N7000. Do you think the 2N7002 would be a better compliment for the 2N7000. And likewise, do you think the BS170 would be a better compliment to the BS250? Or should I just keep using CD4007s?
Valuable content as usual. Many thanks
I bought a reel of these for use with Raspberry Pi's and Arduinos for level shifting. They work great.
Thank you... Can you please make a review on IRF3205 Mosfet and why its rated at 110A Drain current for a small TO220 package?
I love chip of the day.
If you want, I can show you, for example, microphone amplifier circuits designed based on 2N7000 FET.
Yea, also show an distortion)
@@N_OR_ Distortion is a part of the game, no matter you use FET or BJT!
The Flicking Fingers of IMSAI.
I was waiting for you to build a circuit with it
I just want to say without people like you sharing what you know is a gift thank you.
Would you do a comparison FET vs MOSFET, like BF256 vs BS170, to see the difference in behavior and how they differ.
I found the 2n7000 recently, from what i know from a German "pod caster" that used a electron microscopes laboratory and showed that things are really grown vertical, more people mentioned this.
Thanks 👍
Another good n channel mosfet is the ZVNL110A. Has lower gate threshold voltage so can work with 3.3v levels. Also a bit old but still a good part.
Interesting part. 100Vds. Unfortunately price doesn't compete with 2n7000. Might order a few to have around even though I don't think I need such a part. Thank you.
yes real handy component in digital design I think newer ones are Trench MOSFET technology super cheap with better spec like 2N7002
BS170 (almost the same as 2N7000) & BS250P - that's what I've been using for a very long time and 't ain't a bad idea to have a bag or two of both (I tend to design pretty much everything around MOSFETs, it makes life easier interfacing FPGAs / CPLDs and CMOS devices in general).
Where did you get (or how did you make) the +/- rail connectors? I see your name on it, do you supply kits or finished?
look for "mutable Instruments" breadboard friends, than you will find a few Eagle pcb files for breadboards.
my design: www.pcbway.com/project/shareproject/Protoboard_Power_Connector_55084a5d.html
Nice video, thanks :)
Also, it just accrued to me. Since MOSFETs have a built-in parasitic diode, can it be used as a flyback diode when switching relays?
Surprisingly, I saw the same question just now, in one telegram chat)
Maybe. The answer is rather complex.
Remember that the body diode of a MOSFET behaves as an avalanche diode - same general apparent behavior as a zener diode but the actual mechanism is different. Typically the voltage at which the diode avalances is at least 20% above the nominal absolute maximum voltage rating of the FET.
In the early days of power MOSFETs the body diode was just kind of there and not well specified. Now it is very common to find the body diode's characteristics well specified in the datasheet. There are typically specs for single pulse avalanche energy, repetitive avalance energy, et cetera. The specs allow you to evaluate if you can safely use the body diode's avlanche handling in your circuit.
[edit - I just had a look at the BS170 datasheet from ON - no specs at all for the diode! forward current only specs for the 2N7002 doide)
Relays often aren't well specified. You'll always get a coil resistance spec and nominal voltage spec, but you usually don't get a spec for the inductance of the coil. Knowing the inductance is useful in this sort of discussion because it tells you how much energy is stored and would have to be handled by the body diode of the FET. Remember that the energy stored in an inductor is
(L x i²)/2 where energy is in joules, L is in henries and i is in amperes.
You can't instantaneously change the current through a simple inductor. If the current was, say, 40 mA when the FET was ON, that same current would flow _somewhere_ at the instant of turn-off. In this discussion that would be through th body diode. The voltage would rise to the avalanche voltage. The current would then ramp down. With an ideal inductor the down-slope would be linear because the diode would hold the voltage constant until the stored energy was discharged. With a relay the coil resistance comes into play so the discharge isn't linear. Some of the stored energy is "burned up" in the coil resistance. One of the advantages to allowing a high voltage across the coil is that the contacts begin to open sooner and once they start to open they fully open more quickly than they would with a "freewheeling" diode across the coil. This can be a benefit to the contacts because it can reduce arcing. A diode across the coild is the worst possible thing you can do in terms of looking after the contacts!
If you can get a spec for the coil inductance or you measure it, then you can determine the maximum stored energy and determine if it falls within the allowable limit for avalanche energy of the FET's body diode. Typically you could use the "single pulse" avalanche rating because the relay switching is probably infrequent, allowing the heat to dissipate between cycles. Again, some of the stored energy is dissipated in the coil resistance, so the diode doesn't have to take it all.
@@N_OR_ Абсолютно убежден, что это совпадение :D
@@d614gakadoug9 or just use a diode across the relay, for robustness. Cheap and worth it.
What thermal camera are you using here?
camera: th-cam.com/video/CtfdqscZTlM/w-d-xo.htmlsi=iyRt9lwNxzRox84T
Do you have any videos on S100 bus circuits? Like how to talk to the bus???
the first 70 videos on my channel is S100: th-cam.com/video/jFhpO3s85rI/w-d-xo.htmlsi=vCmfTMmmS52btTM6
Get a Panavise 201 to go with your existing base to hold your iPhone IR camera. Viewers will thank you😎. Used that setup all the time at my last job.
I think you just build a powerful noise generator. Can you please show the output waveform and noise spectrum bandwidth!❤
I totally disagree with your assessment that these are not used for amplification.
You'll find a 2N7000 in many, many guitar signal boosters in both class A and Mu-amp configurations.
Stop it .
@@dixsusu What's your issue? It's a fact these parts were commonly used as amplifiers for a time. If you listen to Rock and Roll music from the 1970s, 1980s, or 1990s, you've most likely heard them. A search will find you plenty I'm sure, but I know from experience. Oh, look at that... try a search for '2n7000 guitar' or '2n7000 booster'. 🙂 The largest issue was always the batch to batch and maker to maker variability of parameters so getting the most from them in linear operation requires biasing each one individually. Have a nice day.
Microchip wasn't around in the 70's.....
Maybe this 2N7000....was originally a Motorola or IR part?
I think the first power MOSFET were V channel
@@fredmitchel1236 2N7000 was perhaps the king of jellybean FETs before manufacturing shifted to the the BS170 being more common.
Everybody made a 2N7000 from Vishay to Fairchild to National Semi to Philips to Motorola to Zetex.
Also, in the 1970s, Microchip was known as General Instruments, the same GI behind chips like the AY-5-1013A UART and the AY-3-8910 Sound Generator. GI AY-3-8500 Ball and Paddle chips were powering what were literally the first generation of home video games. Did you know that every Apple //e and Apple //c manufactured in the 1980s contained a Microchip PIC as the keyboard encoder marked AY-5-3600-PRO?
This was good for nothing
2N7000 is great for demonstrating the effects of ESD damage.
how
Very easy! Set up a 2N7000 to drive an LED using a nominal LED (e.g. 10ma) current from 5 volts in a breadboard. With it on, then zap the one leads of the 2N7000 with your finger after tribocharging yourself and voila, the LED can get dimmer and dimmer. Have fun!
Yes, you are absolutely right! They are *very* susceptible for ESD. We have 5 of them in a kit that we sell (the Enigma-E) and if something goes wrong it is these darn MOSFET's. The BS170 you cannot compare: It is TREMENDOUSLY better, also for ESD ruggedness.