Being the daughter of American immigrants from Ethiopia it was so hard to sit in class whenever they would talk about how Italy won the war instead of ethiopia. Me and my habesha friends would always get so mad, because we felt like they were hiding the truth just as to not upset anyone. Well they upset us. Ethiopia wasn’t colonized because they were strong, independent and knew what they wanted, just what me and my friends are like. I love where I come from and I will always try to embrace it no matter all the modern changes and differences I may have from others.
that's European version of the history . just imagen deploying 120k solders around 700km away without any automobile and ration. can you collect that Mache solders without any communication system .Bytheway Menelik doesn't have trained solders he collect peasants from all over the country. it's a kind of coverup of a mess .
What are you talking about? There were generals etc. Even before Adwa, Ras Alula fought the Italians on so many fronts including at Mekelle. The Adwa was the last one
The first expedition was very limited and not a full attempt, since the Crispi government didn't want that to be Italy's priority - and with workers' protests focusing on other points. The second war was the country's full commitment, which resulted in the biggest colonial expedition ever organised, so it's a totally different historical event.
Majority of the country was peasants and those are who fought back. Average people, farmers, women, children, business men, religious members and many more all fought the Italians
Nop. That is the European version of OUR story. We were more powerful than the way we were portrayed on this video..and their reasoning that ITALY was defeated because it was not prepared is a complete HOAX. They were fully prepared and we ATE those troops.
YES I AM ETHIOPIAN .YES WE DID IT.ETHIOPUA CELEBRATE VICTORY DAYS. BUT OTHER COUNTRIES. CELEBRATE INDPENDANT. DAY. THANKS. ETHIOPIA WINS ITALY 2 TIMES. 1933 TI WE DID IT AGAIN. ETHIOPUA WINS. WHITE PEOPLE'S. WE RESPECT OUR FATHERS. THANKS YOU GUYS. I AM FROM ETHIOPIA.
Please check out TEDDY AFRO Tikur sew music video and do a reaction it is all about history of Adwa how we the ethiopian defeat italy at the battle of Adwa
I just want to add something about Minilik z second, When he comand to Ethiopian people he mention z name of saint Mery z Mother of Juses, and on z sord of Minilik their is word written "My Power is my Lord" and last when Eth. people fought there was a saint whose name is Saint Giorgio in Z White horse, sorry for my english, im not colonized that's why 😘👌
Ethiopian is the symbolic of freedom to athers of African country and also this history is not only Ethiopian history it's also African history,African proud.
Actually, 14000 men of the Italian army were imprisoned to the Ethiopian Empire. Not wanting to exchange 50,000 Lires for their exchange, Emperor Menelik II kept them for his modernization of the country. Later these POWs were buried in modern-day Eritrea near Asmara.
i am ethiopian and some of the ideas are not true in the video like, the ethiopians army was not better equipped than the italians and also the no of the ethiopian army is only about 120,000 not 200,000
@@bambelomlash1214 What are you even saying??? Emperor Menelik did nothing to Eritrean traitors even if he had that right. Ras Mengesha of Tigray asked Menelik to have the Eritrean Askaris and chopped their hands and feet.
What I love most from this history is the king word for his people....he said my people enemy is coming which will took your wife who will take your proud and make your children lives in danger and took away ur land ,so I need your help if you cant fight by praire and if you can fight to defeat this enemy of ours although we have problems inside this enemy is for all of us so follow me now to adwa I will wait there but if u don't come ànd found back home doing ntn sware in the name of sent Mary I won't be happy and give the right punishment. ❤minillik
this is just the highlight of the story there's a lot more to learn and know about THE BATTEL OF ADWA it was a one full day battel where MEN and WOMAN stood together and sacrificed their lives for our country and freedom. not to forget mentioning THE WARRIOR QUEEN TAITU who played a big role by bringing up the idea of blocking the river that flows towards where the Italian forces were camping which lead them to the shortage of drinking water, THE FIRST ETHIOPIAN GENERAL IN AFRICA ALULA and his remarkable military strategies and soldiers, THE OROMO TRIBE HORSEMAN WARRIORS.... so much more and to add one 🔥story as you know in Ethiopian culture raw meet is one of the most famous traditional food and it is connected to THE BATTEL OF ADWA, as the Ethiopian soldiers were getting near by the location where the enemies were, they ate fresh cow raw meat with spices to keep low profile so that the enemies won't see the smoke from the fire and get alarmed by the Ethiopian force after this it stayed as a historical and tradition to us Ethiopians.
The people also used the sun to tell time. The women would hide berbere spice and hair sewing needles in their dress. The Italians would have the women entertain them and once the sun hits a certain time all the woman would throw the spice in the soldiers eyes and poke their eyes with the needle. The people also prevented the water supply from running upstream to the Italian soldiers settlement by collectively filling it with stones. Theirs so much to the war
I wish you knew the full story which would have made this much more astonishing. Most of the commanders that led the regiments were enemies of Menilik (both Mekonens, Alula Engida, Kawo Tona, Jiffar II, Balcha Safo, Mengesha Yohannis, Sibhat Aregawi, Bahta Hagos, Jote Tullu, Hojelle, Kumsa Moreda, Hagos Teferi and his primary rival, Adal Tessema) they all responded at a very rapid rate when foreign interference started. That is what made us win. That is what we are known for, unity infront of common enemis.
loss to ethiopia, as if italy wanted to, correct that how italy was defeated by Ethiopia oh guess what they came again for revenge , with a better millitary with a better map, and guess what they were defeated again !
@@Amicy Italy won the Second Italo-Ethiopian War though, which is to this day the biggest colonial expedition of modern times, also innovating air-land joint warfare. You can look it up here en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Italo-Ethiopian_War
@@Mcforlife The first thing Italy did when thy took control of the land was abolishing slavery. Don't forget that as wrong as invading the country was, Ethiopia was fought also by fellow Africans aiding against their Ethiopian oppressors. Local dynamics were thus very relevant too for who fought, taking distance from what would be otherwise historical Eurocentrism.
@@Mcforlife Having a colony doesn't mean that the land becomes Italian. Also, how would you eve force a nation to become your nationality in 5 years, even if one wanted to? The only way would be using decades and slaughtering on a level known only by the French, British and Belgians.
Lesson learned. Do not underestimate the power of your enemy, as so it was then so it is now. Biblical story of prophet Elisha and his servant in the battle field… ““Don’t be afraid,” the prophet answered. “Those who are with us are more than those who are with them.”” 2 Kings 6:16 NIV Another story: “He said: “Listen, King Jehoshaphat and all who live in Judah and Jerusalem! This is what the Lord says to you: ‘Do not be afraid or discouraged because of this vast army. For the battle is not yours, but God’s.” 2 Chronicles 20:15 NIV
From this experience, Italy learnt and then launched the biggest colonial expedition recorded in modern history, which was the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. At that time, Ethiopia fell quicker than Western predictions, even though Germans heavily armed Ethiopia to counter Italy's influence in Austria.
They sent half a million man, many tanks and planes, with the goal of making Ethiopia a long term colony. The end result was a 4 year occupation with ongoing guerilla fighting, and with Indian/British assistance, Ethiopian freedom fighters liberated the country in WW2. If this is success then Italy must have low standards
@@kingmisssile9730 Because Italy lost WW2 and thus its dominion over Ethiopia, which was very brief. How does that make the Second Italo-Ethiopian War an Italian loss? You can't rewrite history. Now, does the WW2 Italian loss diminish the impact of the Italian victory over Ethiopia, from a long-term colonial standpoint? Yeah, ofc it does, because Italy stayed in Ethiopia only for a brief time.
@@gs7828 They didn’t lose the war, they failed to make Ethiopia a colony. They didn’t just send men and an expensive force to win a war, they sent it to enforce their colonial goal, which ultimately never occurred. The Ethiopians never surrendered and Italy was never able to enforce the colony, it was just formal. The Ethiopians held a lot of rural land. Their colonization attempt was just a short lasting military occupation. That was not their goal. And Italy didn’t even lose WWII by the time they were ousted from the nation.
@@kingmisssile9730 What? The fact that Italy lost the African campaign before 1943 is a fact. Or you think that Italy would need to lose in one day, specifically the day of the country's armistice? That would make zero sense. Besides, I very much recognised that Italy losing in WW2 meant that the victory in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War didn't mean much, since not a lot of time had passed.
Hey Guys can you plz react to "Sun Raha Hai Na Tu Rozana" mixtape by Shreya ghoshal plz she has beautiful voice, you guys would Love it She is Vocal Queen of India plz🤗💜 ...
Unfortunately, you got the whitewashed and water downed version of history in this video. This is the one you need to do a reaction video for - th-cam.com/video/3fgZDgOOipk/w-d-xo.html
Treaty of Wichale, Wichale also spelled Ucciali, (May 2, 1889), pact signed at Wichale, Ethiopia, by the Italians and Menilek ll of Ethiopia whereby Italy was granted the northern Ethiopian territories of Bogos, Hamasen, and Akale-Guzai (modern Eritrea) in exchange for a sum of money and the provision of 30,000 muskets and 28 cannons thats why they dont got Colonized the sold Eritrea because they never saw us as a real part of Ethiopia we was Colonized by both Country's(Ethiopia, Italy) and won both wars.
ethiopian history is just amazing, should be taught everywhere in the world
Being the daughter of American immigrants from Ethiopia it was so hard to sit in class whenever they would talk about how Italy won the war instead of ethiopia. Me and my habesha friends would always get so mad, because we felt like they were hiding the truth just as to not upset anyone. Well they upset us. Ethiopia wasn’t colonized because they were strong, independent and knew what they wanted, just what me and my friends are like. I love where I come from and I will always try to embrace it no matter all the modern changes and differences I may have from others.
THANK YOU FOR PROMOTING OUR HISTORY OUR AFRICA BROS! WE ARE ONE IN ONE MOTHERLAND AFRICA! RISE AND SHINE!
The true wakanda out here!
Ethiopian*
Omgg i can't believe you guys actually reacted to an Ethiopian history
that's European version of the history . just imagen deploying 120k solders around 700km away without any automobile and ration. can you collect that Mache solders without any communication system .Bytheway Menelik doesn't have trained solders he collect peasants from all over the country. it's a kind of coverup of a mess .
What are you talking about? There were generals etc. Even before Adwa, Ras Alula fought the Italians on so many fronts including at Mekelle. The Adwa was the last one
@@yikeslikes4457 so why are u talking like dis 🙄
The first expedition was very limited and not a full attempt, since the Crispi government didn't want that to be Italy's priority - and with workers' protests focusing on other points. The second war was the country's full commitment, which resulted in the biggest colonial expedition ever organised, so it's a totally different historical event.
Majority of the country was peasants and those are who fought back. Average people, farmers, women, children, business men, religious members and many more all fought the Italians
My brothers I really appreciate that, more reaction video on Ethiopia 🇪🇹, thank you
YO!!! I like ur h-Mackey reactions, never thought that u guys would react to my homeland's history. Mad love!!!
Ayyye Ethiopia out here killing the game!!!
That is our true story 💪🇪🇹
Nop. That is the European version of OUR story. We were more powerful than the way we were portrayed on this video..and their reasoning that ITALY was defeated because it was not prepared is a complete HOAX. They were fully prepared and we ATE those troops.
I don't think this is only Ethiopians' history It's all of African history which indicates if we African people unite nothing will defeat us!
What do you mean Ethiopia didn’t get colonized but other African countries did
How is it African history nagga its ethiopia and Eritrean habeas peoples history there is nothing to do with any African history go make your history.
Only our history
@@natenate214 Read, Google is for free
@@niguseabrha681definitely not Eritrean history. That’s why Eritrea exists.
እናመሰግናለን 😍 we thank you
The title should be "How Ethiopia Defeated Italy?" rather than "How did Italy Lose to Ethiopia?" the bias start from that.
YES I AM ETHIOPIAN .YES WE DID IT.ETHIOPUA CELEBRATE VICTORY DAYS.
BUT OTHER COUNTRIES. CELEBRATE INDPENDANT. DAY.
THANKS. ETHIOPIA WINS ITALY 2 TIMES. 1933 TI WE DID IT AGAIN.
ETHIOPUA WINS. WHITE PEOPLE'S.
WE RESPECT OUR FATHERS.
THANKS YOU GUYS.
I AM FROM ETHIOPIA.
The queen plays a great role wisely by holding Italians water source and make the war more default for them ..water seems simple but very important
Please check out TEDDY AFRO Tikur sew music video and do a reaction it is all about history of Adwa how we the ethiopian defeat italy at the battle of Adwa
I just want to add something about Minilik z second, When he comand to Ethiopian people he mention z name of saint Mery z Mother of Juses, and on z sord of Minilik their is word written "My Power is my Lord" and last when Eth. people fought there was a saint whose name is Saint Giorgio in Z White horse, sorry for my english, im not colonized that's why 😘👌
Ethiopian is the symbolic of freedom to athers of African country and also this history is not only Ethiopian history it's also African history,African proud.
Actually, 14000 men of the Italian army were imprisoned to the Ethiopian Empire. Not wanting to exchange 50,000 Lires for their exchange, Emperor Menelik II kept them for his modernization of the country. Later these POWs were buried in modern-day Eritrea near Asmara.
ADWA ... is a sign of victory for all African nation! and Menelik is still a king !
Menelik didn’t do anything. Thank God for Ras Alula. He defeated the ottoman led Egyptians and Italians from stealing our land
Imagine no electric no phone no Internet imagine imagine🇪🇹
i am ethiopian and some of the ideas are not true in the video like, the ethiopians army was not better equipped than the italians and also the no of the ethiopian army is only about 120,000 not 200,000
The fact that Menelik (the king), still helped their injured enemies and sheltered them.
And cut off right hand and left leg of the black eritrean soldiers.
Bro cuz they White before Italy. It is messed History being History what he did to the Eritrean blacks is unthinkable and a lesson at the same time
What?
@@bambelomlash1214 What are you even saying???
Emperor Menelik did nothing to Eritrean traitors even if he had that right.
Ras Mengesha of Tigray asked Menelik to have the Eritrean Askaris and chopped their hands and feet.
@@amdetsion3256 Reason why Askari fighters fought side by side with the Italians against their neighbour.
What I love most from this history is the king word for his people....he said my people enemy is coming which will took your wife who will take your proud and make your children lives in danger and took away ur land ,so I need your help if you cant fight by praire and if you can fight to defeat this enemy of ours although we have problems inside this enemy is for all of us so follow me now to adwa I will wait there but if u don't come ànd found back home doing ntn sware in the name of sent Mary I won't be happy and give the right punishment. ❤minillik
ty bro🙏
History for all Africa and all black people
this is just the highlight of the story there's a lot more to learn and know about THE BATTEL OF ADWA it was a one full day battel where MEN and WOMAN stood together and sacrificed their lives for our country and freedom. not to forget mentioning THE WARRIOR QUEEN TAITU who played a big role by bringing up the idea of blocking the river that flows towards where the Italian forces were camping which lead them to the shortage of drinking water, THE FIRST ETHIOPIAN GENERAL IN AFRICA ALULA and his remarkable military strategies and soldiers, THE OROMO TRIBE HORSEMAN WARRIORS.... so much more and to add one 🔥story as you know in Ethiopian culture raw meet is one of the most famous traditional food and it is connected to THE BATTEL OF ADWA, as the Ethiopian soldiers were getting near by the location where the enemies were, they ate fresh cow raw meat with spices to keep low profile so that the enemies won't see the smoke from the fire and get alarmed by the Ethiopian force after this it stayed as a historical and tradition to us Ethiopians.
The people also used the sun to tell time. The women would hide berbere spice and hair sewing needles in their dress. The Italians would have the women entertain them and once the sun hits a certain time all the woman would throw the spice in the soldiers eyes and poke their eyes with the needle. The people also prevented the water supply from running upstream to the Italian soldiers settlement by collectively filling it with stones. Theirs so much to the war
Keep it up guys💪💚💛❤💪
Thank you so much
Keep it up brothers !!!
እናመሰግናለን
I wish you knew the full story which would have made this much more astonishing.
Most of the commanders that led the regiments were enemies of Menilik (both Mekonens, Alula Engida, Kawo Tona, Jiffar II, Balcha Safo, Mengesha Yohannis, Sibhat Aregawi, Bahta Hagos, Jote Tullu, Hojelle, Kumsa Moreda, Hagos Teferi and his primary rival, Adal Tessema) they all responded at a very rapid rate when foreign interference started. That is what made us win. That is what we are known for, unity infront of common enemis.
Because she have strong children🇪🇹
Second reaction i saw you, Lov you guys, and i appreciated and thank you for all 🙏🙏
Yes am here🇪🇹🇪🇷
Victory was on Sunday 1 March 1896!
loss to ethiopia, as if italy wanted to, correct that how italy was defeated by Ethiopia
oh guess what they came again for revenge , with a better millitary with a better map, and guess what they were defeated again !
They taking all the L's haha!!
@@Amicy Italy won the Second Italo-Ethiopian War though, which is to this day the biggest colonial expedition of modern times, also innovating air-land joint warfare. You can look it up here en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Italo-Ethiopian_War
@@gs7828 bruh they stay their for 5 years but still couldn't colonize cuz they were being killed every day bye
@@Mcforlife The first thing Italy did when thy took control of the land was abolishing slavery. Don't forget that as wrong as invading the country was, Ethiopia was fought also by fellow Africans aiding against their Ethiopian oppressors. Local dynamics were thus very relevant too for who fought, taking distance from what would be otherwise historical Eurocentrism.
@@Mcforlife Having a colony doesn't mean that the land becomes Italian. Also, how would you eve force a nation to become your nationality in 5 years, even if one wanted to? The only way would be using decades and slaughtering on a level known only by the French, British and Belgians.
No-one!!!
My sleepy ass reading the tittle # how Italy is fat phobia 🙄🙄🙄🙄.
😂😂😂😂 loving it!!
Tikur sew❤ is a master piece
Lesson learned.
Do not underestimate the power of your enemy, as so it was then so it is now.
Biblical story of prophet Elisha and
his servant in the battle field…
““Don’t be afraid,” the prophet answered. “Those who are with us are more than those who are with them.””
2 Kings 6:16 NIV
Another story:
“He said: “Listen, King Jehoshaphat and all who live in Judah and Jerusalem!
This is what the Lord says to you:
‘Do not be afraid or discouraged because of this vast army.
For the battle is not yours, but God’s.”
2 Chronicles 20:15 NIV
There is a brilliant,smart and strong 💪 girl called taytu
S/O yo the black land Ethiopia 🇪🇹 ✊🏾
We know it thanks for our grandparents.....they are very strong....in there region also.....GOD is helping them ....not to be a slave ..............
huh??>
@@Amicy show as your culture?
@@Amicy leave Ethiopia....show your culture
@@CANDLELICIOUSet what do you mean? Am saying the truth...isn't?
Ethiopia is a won before adwa dogali general by alula aba nga face to face deafeated 2 thousand Italian soldiers belive that
From this experience, Italy learnt and then launched the biggest colonial expedition recorded in modern history, which was the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. At that time, Ethiopia fell quicker than Western predictions, even though Germans heavily armed Ethiopia to counter Italy's influence in Austria.
They sent half a million man, many tanks and planes, with the goal of making Ethiopia a long term colony. The end result was a 4 year occupation with ongoing guerilla fighting, and with Indian/British assistance, Ethiopian freedom fighters liberated the country in WW2. If this is success then Italy must have low standards
@@kingmisssile9730 Because Italy lost WW2 and thus its dominion over Ethiopia, which was very brief. How does that make the Second Italo-Ethiopian War an Italian loss? You can't rewrite history.
Now, does the WW2 Italian loss diminish the impact of the Italian victory over Ethiopia, from a long-term colonial standpoint? Yeah, ofc it does, because Italy stayed in Ethiopia only for a brief time.
@@gs7828 They didn’t lose the war, they failed to make Ethiopia a colony. They didn’t just send men and an expensive force to win a war, they sent it to enforce their colonial goal, which ultimately never occurred. The Ethiopians never surrendered and Italy was never able to enforce the colony, it was just formal. The Ethiopians held a lot of rural land. Their colonization attempt was just a short lasting military occupation. That was not their goal. And Italy didn’t even lose WWII by the time they were ousted from the nation.
@@kingmisssile9730 What? The fact that Italy lost the African campaign before 1943 is a fact. Or you think that Italy would need to lose in one day, specifically the day of the country's armistice? That would make zero sense. Besides, I very much recognised that Italy losing in WW2 meant that the victory in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War didn't mean much, since not a lot of time had passed.
@@kingmisssile9730 please stop arguing with this mad man he is with 0 knowledge about history
i love africa 😘😘😘😘
Dame it's insane
We Ethiopians are so overconfident when it comes to war. That is why we defeated the solato Italian 💪💪💪
Hey Guys can you plz react to "Sun Raha Hai Na Tu Rozana" mixtape by Shreya ghoshal plz she has beautiful voice, you guys would Love it
She is Vocal Queen of India plz🤗💜 ...
technically italy lost three times
Not quite.
Well it is different by our side
🇪🇹💪🏾🇪🇹💪🏾🇪🇹💪🏾🇪🇹💪🏾🇪🇹💪🏾🇪🇹
Yas
💚💛❤️💪🏾💪🏾💪🏾
Please ropnan music plzzzzz🙏❤🇪🇹 Ethiopia music ❤🙏🙏
🙏✌️🥰🇪🇹
🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹💪👑🌍
react pedro sampaio luisa sonza atenção
👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍
Watch the documentary called this is Somalia
If you like African history
>Gets colonized
> Becomes failed state
That is blsck people freedom start
Explain!!
@@Amicy it inspired other African countries to fight for freedom.
and after their independence they also adopted green yellow red flag
@@Nebaaa were they not fighting before?
No. It’s not the start just a pillar after the base
react luísa sonza 6lack - vip
This is the European pov history, there's way more to the real one
Of course haha, best way to minimize greatness
@@Amicy exactly
Ha Hah Hah Hah Hah he he want to celebrate New Year's in Ethiopia Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha🇪🇹
🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹
Unfortunately, you got the whitewashed and water downed version of history in this video. This is the one you need to do a reaction video for - th-cam.com/video/3fgZDgOOipk/w-d-xo.html
ጥርስህ ይርገፈ ስለ ethoipiaይሄሰዉዬ መግለጽ አልነበረበትም ምክንያቱም በደንብ አልገለጻትም ሀገሬን 😢
😂
Teru estori hyleselase my king የነጻነት አርማ ጃንዎይ
Hi
🇪🇹🇪🇹🇪🇹
Sounds like a list of excuses for their loss. There is a lottt more to it. Please react to a different version
Please send the link!!!
Please send them 🤜🏾
th-cam.com/video/3fgZDgOOipk/w-d-xo.html
This is the correct version of the story
ETHIOPIA MENILIK 👑👑👑🦁🦁🦁💪💪💪💪🦁👈👌
Treaty of Wichale, Wichale also spelled Ucciali, (May 2, 1889), pact signed at Wichale, Ethiopia, by the Italians and Menilek ll of Ethiopia whereby Italy was granted the northern Ethiopian territories of Bogos, Hamasen, and Akale-Guzai (modern Eritrea) in exchange for a sum of money and the provision of 30,000 muskets and 28 cannons thats why they dont got Colonized the sold Eritrea because they never saw us as a real part of Ethiopia we was Colonized by both Country's(Ethiopia, Italy) and won both wars.
Good reaction but wrong narrative
You can’t just comment and not give insight tho haha
I'm glad that the Italian people rose up against the short lived facist government
Ethio
italy deafeted 3 times
💚💛❤️ u
i may not to big brain but my country Ethiopia flighted in honor die in honor
They helped angle of qdus gorgis Ethiopian are love God they have no frais
ሀይ
Excuse me why are you say why what does that mean why?🇪🇹
The map is not right
What do you mean"
@@Amicy bro you reacted to the white-washed version of the story that belittles our forefather's efforts and wisdom.
They are well prepared but they never beat black man
There is a lot of errors in that story telling 😑
ALOT of errors indeed. They got the white-washed version of the story that belittles our forefather's efforts and wisdom.
Why ethiopia is not developed state 2022 .
Ummm ethiopia is a country not a state and we are definitely will be a developed beautiful country soon we are in Gods hands ❤
@@rahelly1858we will😊
Why don't you show your culture?
My favorite warriors are the Oromo cavalry that Menelik II used to devastating effect. They were wild ones
🙈🙈🙈🙈
Uffffff zer atequter..tebab
ngl they were from all