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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 4 มี.ค. 2019
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Back in the late Miocene epoch, there was an island--or maybe a group of islands-- in the Mediterranean Sea that was populated with fantastic giant beasts. It’s a lesson in the very strange, but very real, powers of natural selection.
Thank you to these paleoartists for allowing us to use their wonderful illustrations:
Franz Anthony: 252mya.com/gallery/franz-anthony
Stanton Fink: www.deviantart.com/avancna
Julio Lacerda: 252mya.com/gallery/julio-lacerda
Nobu Tamura: spinops.blogspot.com/
Ceri Thomas: / alphynix
Produced for PBS Digital Studios
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Katie Fichtner, Anthony Callaghan, XULIN GE, Po Foon Kwong, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Renzo Caimi, Ordenes, John Vanek, Neil H. Gray, Marilyn Wolmart, Esmeralda Rupp-Spangle, Gregory Donovan, Ehit Dinesh Agarwal, الخليفي سلطان, Gabriel Cortez, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Robert Hill, Kelby Reid, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, PS, Philip Slingerland, Jose Garcia, Eric Vonk, Tony Wamsley, Henrik Peteri, Jonathan Wright, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Brad Nicholls, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Nathan Paskett, Connor Jensen, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson Cleary, Chandler Bass, Maly Lor, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Sarah Fritts, Ron Harvey Jr, Jacob Gerke, Alex Yan
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References: bit.ly/2VCS4WF - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
![[Live สด] การออกรางวัลสลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาล งวดวันที่ 16 มิถุนายน 2567](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/P3WkqO9gKjo/mqdefault.jpg)
"water-birds that could neither fly nor swim"
What a massive failure of existence lol
They are water birds, however they cannot water nor can they bird, a truly sad existence
Yes, unfortunately for us they became giant man eating dodos. We ended up being the prey of the Terror Birds.
No better then CJ from gta
Who The Hell Is Harvy there is another name for it: an emu
@@babyccinoau1321 Do emus spend a lot of time in/around water? Only ever seen them running about (and into things!) on wide open land.
ever seen Steve Irwin talk about emus? cracks me up every time
All of these ancient fauna would be killer as pokemon evolutions
I mean Decidueye already exists, as does Sandslash for that matter
Exactly a Pokémon island
@@spacetoon6ok *Cough* ALOLA *Cough*
@Will Pack or a sabertooth
Raikou is the only one we have
Well, we still don't have a Land Based Giant Goose.
That's a crime against Poke-humanity.
That little hamster sailing at 5:19 with his ship is so powerful and cute I want a movie about him
That was a degu ( I think)
He's sim Peggs Character in ice age.
That 5-horn deer looks surreal, like if they didn't assemble the skeleton correctly or something...
Pretty hard to assemble a skull wrong, there's only so many ways the jawbone could fit the skull, the rest of the pieces are pretty much stuck together.
@@johnwang9914 They've done it before. It's not that hard, honestly.
@@johnwang9914 you would be shocked if you saw how badly we have reassembled fossils in the past😂
@@JubioHDX Yes, the elephant skeletons that were reassembled as Cyclops by people who didn't know that elephants or wooly mammoths existed but it is hard to assemble the jaw to a skull wrong as it is a very common feature of skulls so your comment doesn't really apply.
"Alarmly big hamsters" - best line made me chuckle.
It's hard to over-estimate just how great this channel is, and what a really EXCELLENT use of public funds for education it is.
The original Italians were truly odd.
Implying we're not odd anymore?
@@Pilgrim98 are u real Italian or is it because you're Waluigi?
@@Moses_VII Actually both.
We’ve always been weird lol
I'm German, and I challenge you to a weird-off!
*and island of giant hamsters*
Me- how do i get there?
Tekasaur two things; a ticket for Italy and a Time machine
@Jasper Hamilton People who hate hamsters have no idea how to care for them properly or understand that they are solitary animals lmaooo. Blame yourself for not knowing how to care for them, not blame them for being scared of you and being mistreated
@Jasper Hamilton it takes a lot to aggravate a hamster and it takes a special kind of idiot to then blame them for feeling threatened.
@Jasper Hamilton
I've kept dwarf hamsters for ages, and they're one if the sweetest animals. The problem is with you.
@Jasper Hamilton hamsters are super sweet, they just get scared of humans. If you make it mad then that means you have repeatedly done something wrong in a short amount of time. You are the problem not them
So are Komodo dragons an example of island gigantism evolving from smaller monitors or an example of island dwarfism evolving from the giant Megalania?
Depending on whether or not Megalania is a direct ancester of the komodo dragons or not, could technically be both. Australia is geographically separated from Asia in such a way that it was and is evolutionarily separated (hence marsupials) which would allow Megalania to get to the size it did without competing with big placental carnivores, and so a form of island gigantism. If then megalania or it's ancestors colonised Komodo etc, different pressures leading to insular dwarfism might then apply. Essentially, Komodo Dragons may be miniature giant monitor lizards.
More likely, megalania and the komodo dragon are related, rather than directly descended. I would say the Komodo dragon is an example of gigantism, and megalania an example of horrifyingly extreme gigantism. To drastically oversimplify things, Australia has an island effect, allowing two reptiles to take over as apex predators, with megalania taking the terrestrial systems, and saltwater crocodiles taking the waterways. The emu and cassowary set this further, and the diversity and size of the marsupials setting the final piece of proof. Once again, this has all been oversimplified, but it “answers” whether the 2 monitor species are examples of gigantism vs dwarfism.
@@curts7801 Megalania and Quinkana both terrorized the terrestrial fauna
Yes they are an example of this
@@Alexjholt2 Ah yes, and they eat the miniature giant space hamsters that were stranded from the Pleiades. Which is why said hamsters have evolved to go for the eyes.
I just want to say I can't get enough of these type of programs They keep me from pulling my hair out when I'm on drives that are 30 minutes or longer. It's nice getting an education on something I actually want to learn about in a way like this. Thank you so much keep up the good work
2 fun facts you could have mentioned:
1. It is likely that dwarf elephant sculls are responsible for the Cyclops legend - the Greeks mistook the trunk hole for an eye socket.
2. The dodo was the world's largest pigeon!
And some traders gave a pigmy mammouth as a gift to a pharaon
You're wrong
Tatiana Searle 1. May have inspired the Greeks to create these myths, but they were not seen as cyclops
the older civilizations had no advanced science to explain certain things-thats why mythologies and holy writ were used - think about it, pigs are "unclean" says God himself, why? because something keeps killing people and we don't know what it is (i.e. pig-to-human disease or undercooked/rotten food) and thus
@Bort Stimpton ok, and why is that important for discussion of 2000 year old belief?
How about a video about genetic bottlenecks in species like cheetahs
Throw humans in there too.
Grumpy Ginger what is that?
@@David-ni5hj It's what happens when a majority of a species dies out but a small number survive or when populations become isolated from others. This means that even if the specie's population numbers bounces back they now have a much lower level of genetic diversity than before with all the attendant problems that comes with that.
@@grumpyginger99 There was something else that that happened to as well, I just can't remember what it was at the moment.
@@blobbertmcblob4888 there was a genetic bottleneck in our species too, the Toba Eruption, around 70k years BC.
"The perfect video title doesn't exi..."
They were??
how about a video of when humans first started domesticating other animals?
follow up: relationships between animal species similar to humans domesticating animals
I don’t think they’re doing videos on events after the ice age
Nomadic African tribes have been domesticating camels goats and sheep for just about as long as anyone can remember humans have practically always been involved in some sort of animal domestication throughout history
I’m a paleoanthropologist and one of the main theories one of my colleagues worked on was that people didn’t start domesticating animals out of necessity but through pets. We found a bobcat with a “necklace” on it, people buried with pets, it’s real interesting. Check it out
@@jj-qr4ro can you find me the study? i would be absolutely thrilled to check it out.
A penguin origin story would be pretty neat, I've been loving every of this channel so far, thank you for doing this
Funny how these gargantuan animals are from ... Gargano. Eh? Eh?
I'll see myself out.
No stay, I let you live long you make more puns
This pun has deemed worthy of one internet. Italy approves.
No. You deserve a medal.
Don't forget your coat...
hopefully that wont be in the fossil record
Can you guys do a video about convergent evolution between placental vs marsupial mammals?
This is one of my favorite channels because it reminds me of when I would only watch animal planet when I was little
I love her voice so much, and her necklace is super cute and fitting for the show!!
“Hedgehog-like animals that’s as big as house cats”
shows picture of opossum
Beat me to it... by a year. Why did this just pop in my recommended 🤦
More like a shrew
@@kage1983 nah, that was *definitely* an opossum! I've seen both, many times, and seen opossums up close and personal (and they're not a friendly animal). I am *absolutely certain* that looked like a striped opossum.
Couldn't help but notice
That's the hedgehog
Woaaaaaaah, the Hoplitomeryx looks so cool!!
I hate how it makes me think it would be a great Pokemon.
Makes me think of something out of a Dungeons and Dragons bestiary. It's a _helldeer!_
named after the Hoplite soldiers of ancient Greece?
@@walterbrooks2329 I'd imagine, since they were usually shield and spearmen in phalanx, so all in close formation with spears poking above, like the horns look
But the fact it went extinct just before humans arrived is pretty sad. It would be nice to see live one :(
I live in Gargano area and I've never heard of these peculiar beasts that populated my region Puglia before, thanks Eons for this amazingly interesting videos!
That hedgehog kinds looks like a opossum. 🤣
Wesley! What about the R.O.U.S.'s?
Rodents Of Unusual Size? I don't think they exist.
Phoberomys pattersoni, a real life R.O.U.S.
Capybara?
I knew there had to be at least ONE other person who immediately thought of the R.O.U.S. 😃
Lol!
.... Hamsters are rodents
If time travel is ever possible, this is the kind of thing I want to see. Forget human history
Ive watched this video dozens of times, and will probably keep coming back. Videos like this are amazing at explaining evolutionary phenomena like radial adaptation or foster's rule. Thank you for these videos
One of the things i love about Eons is those fantastic arts!
That sabertoothed fanged,5 horned dear looks awesome
Jeeze, I've never wanted to pet so many prehistoric animals from one video before! It really makes you wonder how many other fabulous island fossil beds are waiting to be discovered on mainland coasts around the world.
Really? I'd stay miles away from those colossal ducks and bloodthirsty rodents, brrrr. Otherwise, totally agreed.
@@PuzzleQodec Agreed. We are talking about a big giant ducks that like beating multi-horned deers.
@@PuzzleQodec the biggest rodents today are capybara, and theyre like the chillest animal around (unless theres a jaguar or adult caiman in the water lol)
@@JubioHDXI have clearly met different capybaras from you, and possibly the rest of the world. I know them as angry, violent animals with giant teeth.
Foster's Rule or the Island Rule has many exceptions like Sri Lanka elephants and Kodiak bears. Many scientists like Shai Meiri doubt the generality of the Island Rule.
How the hell does unicorns not exist but we have Hoplitomeryx over here struttin around with 5 horns
well there is Elasmotherium, though they're rhinos not horse
still, they're the closest we can get to real life unicorn
Maybe a similarly-looking animal that we still haven't found any fossil? I'm not sure but most mythological creatures are variations on once existing freaky animals so maybe we'll still discover the inspiration to the unicorn.
Starving rhinoceros?
@@RenegadeShepard69 Probably just some dude that saw a glimse of a deer that had one horn since giants were based of elephant skulls and dragons were based off dinosaur fossils
@@Ryliath Rhinoceros' have two horns but close enough 😂
When pokemons ruled the earth.
Asmin Siza more like the island of the RUS
WE ALL LIVE..IN A POKEMON WORLD! (PO-KE-MON!)
Fascinating. I love the episode. One question, 12:18 Does "Steve" not have a last name?
I would love to see this lady host more videos. Her clear pronunciations and tone are so pleasant to listen to 💖
More like Sauron deer. We remain lucky it had no fingers for rings.
Wow, I'm from Italy and I've never heard of this creatures (except for Deinogalerix), thank you, awesome video
Dinogalerix is actually a skeever from skyrim...y'all can't fool me
I am impressed at how well you put these videos together. Also, the detailed research you share in every video!
Thank you 😊 😎👍
Deers with fangs and giant geese. Sounds like Hell to me.
Deer with fangs exist today. Not with five horns though. They aren't hellish but they do have a strong odor.
@@johnhbaumgaertner8948 Well, at least one could smell them coming.
Unfortunately Musk Deers are endangered due to over hunting for their musk glands.
Don't forgive the bloody 15 kilos hedgehog
@@risingmagpie9199 That bastard!
Soundfield is awesome! Glad you're plugging it here.
Thanks for the video PBS Eons! The animals here were super cute!
Of all the Eons videos I have watched. This has to be the most interesting. Great job.
Hold On, Supersized hedgehogs? So that's how the 2019 Sonic movie happened.
Paramount are time lords.
Such an awesome channel! What I would really like to see is a series of videos about the emergence of families of mammalian animals after the KT event and how they got to diverge over the, you guessed it, Eons. Would be so awesome!
A video on the evolution and domestication of rabbits!
I think it’d be interesting
Achillesisbae yes!! I would love to see that
I love your episodes! Thank you PBS Eons
I've spent the last 3 months binge watching every episode of Eons, and I've finally reached the current videos! It's been great, keep up the amazing work! :)
Great 👍🏻 keep learning
"and super sized hedgehogs"
*proceeds to show illustration of opossum*
big Fail
great videos, I’m very glad I found this channel!
I have a Robo hamster and was always interested in the prehistoric hamsters of which I haven’t heard much on hamsters in prehistoric times.
off subject, I suggest subjects like the reptiles on New Caledonia animals like the Crested gecko
The big and small of it all! Love it Eons.
I never got to learn about evolution in school, so these videos are making me very happy! Thanks for all your hard work!
Roselia Rothwell then you missed out, its a really fun subject :D if i may give you a search tip try - darwins finches - thats evolution at its finests.
Where did you go to school
@@Chiefqueef91 A real weird private school.
I just found this channel, which I love by the way! I've learned so much more about geological history and evolution that my school never even covered sadly... Maybe there is an episode of this already but I'd be interested if you guys did a video of traits and adaptations that we have either lost or gained from early humans to the present and how our current lifestyle could be changing us compared to how our early ancestors lived.
"The Island of Huge Hamsters and Giant Owls
" could be the title of some kids show
I wish I could hug a gigantic owl, such an enormous body of fluff! So poofy! This bird is a ferocious predator, but this doesn't make it less fluffy.
Wasn't expecting Nahre Sol to pop up at the end of a PBS Eons video, but it's a welcome surprise to see the relationship. I had heard about Soundfield, but I guess I never realized it was under the PBS umbrella.
Make a video on the evolution of armoured mammals like pangolins and armadillos.
Rodents of unusual size? I don't think they exist.
*mauled by a giant rat*
Blondie
If the ground has flames shooting out of holes and quicksand interspersed giant rats would also make sense. Icing on the monster cake
Ps. I love that movie
What you think the bones come from rhinos? Lol
This new sound show looks DOPE! I'ma check it out
Seriously I love her voice!
I feel so smart now. thank you pbs eons.
Thanks for the love Eons!!!!! 💕💗💖💓💞💘💕
Loved the video as always, expecially this one about Foster's rule, that I studied for my degree thesis, and Italy, my home country 🦖💚
Thanks, Dr. Moore & PBS Eons, for information about Foster's Rule. I've wondered about the seeming contradiction that island biospheres can give rise to insular dwarfism like pygmy mammoths or, perhaps, Homo floresiensis, and, yet, the gigantism of creatures like the giant flightless Hawaiian duck that humans would have encountered when making first landfall.
Great Video about changing sea level. I want to know more about the terranes of the west coast of North America, like the Burgess Shale, and other deposits as large Vancouver Island.
Great video as always. We'd love to work with eons sometimes in our small publication.
So when can I finally order a huge hamster and a dwarf mammoth with a stamp "Made in China" on them?
Porsche Collector wait, let’s say 50 years. You will get a discount of 50%
Love this program! Evolution of the platypus or marsupials would be interesting!
It's amazing that over time, things evolve into the same things.
evolution of pinnipeds please
It's so cool finding stuff like this on the internet. Way better than cat videos
I would love to learn more about the evolution of fungi and archaea. I think they deserve more attention.
Thank you for talking about my fave deinogalerix!
Prediction: We'll eventually find that in some isolated island a giant flightless breed of bats evolved due to this effect.
And then we will eat them, and that will be that.
do you think that with satellite photos of the entire earth there truly is undiscovered land? even an island?
Bats could actually grow much -MUCH- larger without losing flight. Their maximum wingspan would be around 7 metres or so.
Vladimir Lagos I saw bats big as crows in Maldives
Birds are much more size-limited then bats because they use their legs for lift off, which are completely useless once they are airborne. Bats (and pterosaurs) can grow much larger than birds because they take off using their arms, which also provide lift during flight. This allowed pterosaurs to grow to the size of small airplanes whereas textinct birds like Argentarvis pretty much represent the largest a non-flightless bird can ever get.
The animals of tropical Sahara.
Yes please!
The animals of there are desert and Serengeti animals and maybe sparsely forested areas around the nile
@@randomgirl3396
Not always. It has been tropical and wet several times in the deep past :-)
I would like a video that shows the evolution of the continents through the ages and shows the major evolutionary stages and types of life and where they lived on the supercontinents. I've always wanted a video like this to get an overall idea of the movement of the land masses and what animals were around and where at the time. Thanks!
Thank you for all of your videos!
The 5 horned dear is so cute!! 😍
Like all deer
And kosher
Deer don't got horns. Antlers.
I'd enjoy something on the evolution of saltwater to freshwater aquatic life. ☺
It's so nice to see my country featured on PBS Eons. The Gargano is still a beutiful area, and, while i knew about its paleontological history already, its good to see it spread to a wider audience.
Awesome. Now I would like to see in a future video about What happened to the Nevadaplano and the animals that lived there. Or a video on the relationship between Aulacogens and major river systems.
Pbs eons returns to its roots... keep it up ♥♥♥...omg deers with 5 horns on its head thats mythical
Have you done one on the Mediterranean Desert yet?
Great video! Thanks!
Ty for all of your great content
Do you think you could do something on the merge from tyrannosaurids from carnivores to the therizinosaurs like falcarius and nothronychus?
Anyone else want a giant owl? Witches familiar lol
I adore owls. The bigger the better. I dream of one day visiting Japan's Owl Cafe.
I prefer rodent familiars. Owls can fly but are too big to easily hide or slip out of cages. Rodents you can hide in clothes or just hide in small crevices. Owls are much more obvious targets for people wanting to take a witch out of a fight than rodent familiars.
We are talking about dnd right?
This explains so much about size and environment. Finally it has sunk in. Hoorah!
It's interesting how they all evolve to grow to the same size together. They are all forced to the extremely large or small sizes through competition and if that is removed, theoretically, all animals world "try" to be the same size through evolution
HOUS -Hamsters of unusual size.
The critters is gargano are gargantuan...
Thanks
That took me like five times to read. I feel dumb now...
Great episode. Thanks.
Excellent vid as always
Would love to see you do a bid about my favourite animal and it's ancestors ,the magnificent Procyon lotor
Could you make a video on plesiosaurs and call it "When Archosaurs were like Giraffes"?
Dinobot65 yes please
Plesiosaurs were archosaurs?
@@ElectroKraken I'm pretty sure they were. If not, then I bamboozled myself.
plesioaurs weren't archosaurs, they were Sauropterygians.
@@DinoBot65 you did :^)
Is this were the ROUS (rodents of unusual size) that live in the fire swamp evolved from?
Wonderful channel. Thank you.
Loved learning this.
So... miniature giant space hamsters?
Im a simple man, see eons notification, click it, click like
¿Eres un diamante porque quiero golpearte con un pico?
Eu realmente não entendo espanhol, mesmo sendo uma lingua latina como a minha.
As ingles eu estranhamente entendo, wow!
another fantastic episode. thanks.
Absolutely love this channel!