Rice engineering majors breathe new life into ventilators in low-resource settings
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 พ.ค. 2019
- APRIL 3, 2020 UPDATE: Rice University has updated the ventilator project. Open source plans are now available at oedk.rice.edu/apollobvm/.
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Natalie Dickman squeezed the bag again and again in an effort to revive a victim of cardiac arrest. After a mere 3 minutes, she could squeeze no more.
“The patient had been down for 30 minutes and there wasn’t much hope, unfortunately,” said the Rice University student, a soon-to-be graduate of the Brown School of Engineering, who was covering a shift with Houston EMS as required by a Rice class in emergency medical techniques. “I was allowed to bag, but they make you switch in EMS settings because they know you won’t be as accurate once you hit that 2-to-3-minute mark. You get really tired.”
She thought about that often over the last year when she and her senior teammates worked at Rice’s Oshman Engineering Design Kitchen (OEDK) to perfect a cost-effective device that automates the compression of manual bag valve masks, which feed fresh air to the lungs of intubated patients.
The senior capstone design team - bioengineering students Dickman, Carolina De Santiago, Karen Vasquez Ruiz and Aravind Sundaramraj, mechanical engineering and computational and applied mathematics student Tim Nonet and mechanical engineering student Madison Nasteff - is known as “Take a Breather.”
The team has developed a system that compresses the bags for hours, rather than minutes, with settings to feed the right amount of air to adults, children and infants. The device seems simple - a box with paddles that rhythmically squeeze the bulb a programmed amount - but the engineering behind it is not.
For more: news.rice.edu/2019/05/01/stude...
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Good to see some people trying to make ventilators. A very simple ventilator is fairly easy but it is the add on features that make a faesable ventilator ie closed loop feedback to detect patient breath and make sure that when the patient tries to breathe it isn't fighting a breath. Also what about blending oxygen and air so the patient who has need for high concentration oxygen due to lung efficiency deterioration can get good oxygen saturation.
It’s great to know that you guys want to contribute something to the situation.Ventilator is a complex machine not as simple as this, some one’s life depends upon this machine. If your machine squeezes that bag to the fullest it will damage the lungs. There are lot of things needed in this model so that it can be useful in this situation. I’m not demotivating you guys. But talk to an Anesthesiologists or a critical care doc. He will be able to guide you what all needed in this module so that it can be useful. Good luck
Suggestion: Consider turning it upside-down. Dust/Dirt falls into the gears in the current orientation
Fabulous, ingeniously simple, well-explained
timely design! Thank you for sharing this video.
This is the spirit! Necessity is the mother of invention And innovation.
mothercat!
here in Italy, no matter how critical the situation is, neither the authorities nor the general public will ever accept such uncertified engines, even if they can save lives. I really hope (but I doubt) that this mentality will change.
Amazing work by the team. Great job!
We need these now
Congratulations to the team
Necessity is the mother of all inventions. Right now is the time for the great Americans like these people to shine!!
They are, there is a group called open source. It's international.
We need this now!!!!
Love these guys! Brilliant!
Hey great work! But also a question. Are you able to measure the Peak Pressure? Cause over 20 mbar without intubation there is a chance to ventilate the stomach which can lead to aspiration. But again great work !:)
Greets
Hi, well done on your simple no-frills low-cost ventilators. Btw, how much would you say each of those cost? (Materials etc)
And how much do you think adding an internal fan (or fans) would cost?
This would be great right now. If you could find a way to calculate how much tidal volume a full squeeze vs varying partial squeezes would be and set that as a dial setting, this could be usable with COVID patients. Tidal Volume and pressure are incredibly important.
U can use wiper motors..
Well, this is more relevant then ever.
If the motor and squeeze arm assembly fit over the top of the bag valve mask so the opening for the squeeze arms is facing down that would stop most dust from falling into moving parts of the respirator, bag valve could be secured to respirator by hooks with elastic or rubber bands around connection ends. If the motor body that generates heat is raised on top of the respirator with heat sink fins and a cooling fan like a cpu in a computer on the opposite side of the arms that are no facing down that could solve your overheating problem. Some sort of legs with ability to secure respirator to table or IV stand or hook holes might be a good idea to add to respirator as well.
Thank you for sharing this amazing story of innovation and perseverance! It is wonderful to hear of other engineers working to solve the global ventilator shortage.
I like the concept, but why not use a crankshaft and connecting rod instead of a servo, rack, and pinion, (the last 2 of which fail in dirty environments)?
Your phone can function as a low cost ventilator /quiet fit from 2019 in India. Small , works at home as well . Controlled by a cell phone. Please check it out.
Congratulations!
Try using a reciprocating action with a simple DC motor that connects the linkage to a bushinged shaft that would compress the bag. Voltage adjustment would control the breathing rate while simple mechanical adjustments control the compression volume
They need to use a rotary pot to control speed, not low-med-high. Maintain the infant-child-adult setting but allow variable speed.
sick timing
Great job.
Can it be made in large volumes?
This is awesome thanks.
Can you send us design files , we are from Egypt, how can u control max pressure
Best with silent stepper driver - Silent Step Stick. Dryspin (IGUS) - no bearings, just plastic, and high-thread angle = ability to apply high force quickly. No guide rails needed., just pivot plates. 'Stationary' side can be attached to IV pole, along with electronics. Use Ryobi drill motor 18V for power, 3Ah ~ 6hours.. enough time to charge 2nd battery.
Have Prototype? Make Video!
Good! Where is YORE code?
so with bag valve mask doesnt require an air source or O2, i guess it gets air from atmosphere.
Can you please release ( a version ) of this under the GPL or similar open hardware license?
gitlab.com/TrevorSmale/OSV-OpenLung?fbclid=IwAR0yHDvhAkBOpoLHQniW4StkDV7W7h1PwtE0AFKA6_6cPzx8VQFgcnXIc3o
solo controlan velocidad de un motor, eso lo hace cualquier microcontrolador como el arduino
Excellent . Very good. How can we buy it
THANK YOU. I was in the process of making this when I saw your video. Can you please share DC motor spec? I am using stepper motor 28BYJ-48 on Arduino.
Bro me bhi bnana Chahta Hu ye
Hello I hope this comment get your attention, I am from Philippines, an engineering student, someone reached out to me to see if I can make these while he provide the parts and materials.
I did see the updated one on your website, which is kinda complicated. I wanna know if the one in the video is still on going for development, and hope I can also get Materials and Instruction for that.
And if there was any "CONS" as to why the one in the video is not continued to be develop, can i know why.
This would really help alot in our situation here. Thanks in advance
How to calibrate the ventilators?
Try using diaphragm pumps( solenoid operated)
If the Covid-19 pandemic is as bad as the CDC seems to think it will be...these files should at least be brought to the attention of the FDA. There are only so many ventilators available.
Yes, I wonder if, in a pinch (as we are in now) 3d printers could be quickly modified for this purpose. See video th-cam.com/video/tknPh-hj5Yc/w-d-xo.html
Salute to u guys god bless u all
Ok , how about this ; a car windshield wiper switch set to intermittent, to a car blower motor , to a tube to a mask ? You could hook it to a 12 volt converter or a 120 volt converter ?
did they managed to actually make some progress? or they just spent the money like Boeing?
There are even regular engineers or people coming up with their own versions, the thing now is to make the ultimate ventilator cheap enough for regular households..
Use a window motor. ingress resistant and gearbox is contained. High availability and automotive motors can work down to 6v (though speed is reduced) per requirements. Though this video is nearing 1 year old, these students and the professors saw some future need. I know those smart students are braving it and going to their campus to create better solutions with the resources at hand.
How can you prevent barotrauma? I mean, how do you control the pressure, pumping speed, gas flow, oxygen concentration? How is your Idea and construction is better than that MIT publication from 2010 (web.mit.edu/2.75/projects/DMD_2010_Al_Husseini.pdf)
How can I get access to the design please. I am a doctor in Egypt and we need this ASAP.
Check this video and go to the website for more details
th-cam.com/video/v-F1WAANbk8/w-d-xo.html
You might want to have a look at the OxVent design. It uses pressurized gas from a line to squeeze the bag, and the only mechanical part is the gas valve
@@miroslawmoczyrog please provide me also information we are also in need of this very immediatly...want to know the full working of components and pressure details...please help
@@kakr8r785 I am not associated with that UK team, but they do have a twitter account and a web page:
twitter.com/OxVent
oxvent.org/
The design is so simple, that it should be possible to manufacture them anywhere, where you can source a suitable gas valve and a simple micro controller board
Contact Dean of King Mongkut University in Bangkok..
Well done and low cost.
Awesomeness
a gravity bong is an artificial lung made out of an apple juice bottle. cheap, available, 2 parts. all you need is an up and down motion. think how a crankshaft turns rotational energy into linear raising and lowering pistons.
Actually this mashine can use a AMBU SPUR II Bag which is available for single use (complete with mask, tubes and reservoir)
Fully mechanical is a better design. Use a lobed disc or crankshaft. Move or change disc to adjust breath size.
Hi Mark, could you elaborate more on this topic? Are there any completed projects with the fully mechanical design you are referring too? Doing volunteering in Poland. Thank you.
@UCI691qvykUAPrJep-T4aCcQ where are the designs?
Crankshaft will not work, you typically need to change volume, duration, etc. based on the patient, or you will hyperventilate, make them hypoxic and possibly either collapse a lung or kill them. Changing out multiple lobes or disks is too much work for someone in an emergency event, especially when every second counts.
You need simple controls. In this instance, while I dont like their rack and pinion design, a basic microcontroller is fine for operation and changing parameters. They are cheap, and you can run two for redundancy if needed.
@@jakub-kaminski This should give you the concept. Change the position or length of the arm to change the volume of air per pump. I'm getting a better design but this should be enough for you to start on your own.
th-cam.com/video/cIIdtuGWWtM/w-d-xo.html
@@MarkProffitt This is just a link to "DIY Reusable Antiviral Mask to reduce spread of Corona Virus Covid19." His suggestion to change the pos/len of the arm is horrible. A software mod to control the depth/speed of the compression is a far more cost effective solution instead of modifying mechanical parts.
Your look is simply super....
PHENOMENAL
If the healthcare establishment has Oxygen and Air at 4 Bar pressure (which most do) you can use 2 shraeder connected hoses to the ventilator and then control the blending by solenoid valves.Pressure sensors and flow sensors are normally incorporated into most ventilators with mechanical over pressure safety "pop off" valves.Remember it is possible to kill someone with bad technology which is why rigourous testing and parallel redundancy is needed as a safety backup circuit...Rather like a watch dog on a p.c ...MORE COMPLICATED THAN PEOPLE THINK
Very smart young woman.
So a ventilator is basically a device continuously providing CPR to the patient who cant breathe on his own?
I don't like the sound of the linear actuators - the motors are under significant stress and it won't be long until the gears wear out.
its a prototype
You may not like that sound but, that is not what that sound means. Now if it was grinding and fluttering it would. Servos, in general, make that sound.
Great job BUT, how do you adjust the set breath with a patient who has already shallow/spontaneous breathing? How do you adjust this machine work with a patient who is actively moving his head/moving... and many other similar issues with this bag... I'm an RT by the way and I would love to see such great ideas that can make our patient assisting easier especially during CPR stuff.... Thanks for sharing. Stay safe guys
Can you please make a low cost radiographic sensor....
i think it inside the clear box is an better idea . No parts to break
great
Lung cant take air in or out, so an external machine is needed. To pump air into lungs, keep it there for certain time, after that machine suck all the air out, pump new again, So we are talking about 2 pumps here… 1 for inhale and another for exhale, Her machine cannot perform both function like a 2 Stroke Engine.
Hello all! I am Madison Nasteff, one of the inventors of this device. We are currently in the process of working with some partners in late stage engineering and manufacturing so that we can use this device to help with the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a student project, so we have some work to do, and a big push in the next couple of weeks to get this ready to help save lives. We are looking for exposure, additional funding, and manufacturing partners. If you can help with any of this, please reach out to me via LinkedIn.
drive.google.com/open?id=15gdCGbb69dE9-a_iI2hxFZ4ZxI5C0hmu
This link contains CAD files as well as some documentation on our project. I want to be clear. This design was never intended to be used on COVID patients. We never completed any clinical trials of any sort. We created this as seniors in college with the intention of presenting a project that could potentially be picked up by a larger team. With respect to the COVID crisis, we anticipate this project could be improved upon and implemented in hospitals likely NOT for COVID patients, but rather to alleviate patients who need less sophisticated ventilation, thus freeing up the existing (high tech) ventilators for COVID patients.
só p ambulância transportar
Good keep it up
You Americans are the only people in the world capable of building a spaceship in a garage. If you bring industrial production back to America you will return to being the No. 1 in the world, and this global crisis that has been going on for years will end ... first economic and now also for health. God help you, greetings from Italy, here we are oppressed by politics and the covid-19
MOROMAX: Thanks for your encouraging words. We Americans have let ourselves become so handicapped by our politicians that we can usually guess what will happen next by guessing the best, most useful thing that SHOULD be done and flipping it upside down to the worst thing that our elected officials COULD do. That way of estimating is usually accurate.
Now, it's far worse, since we have an ignorant, uneducated, self-centered, lying sociopath as President and he keeps flinging poop at us all and sucking on his toes while the world burns. Even the people we elect are usually upside down from who we SHOULD have in power.
You people in Italy got hit hard and was difficult to watch, knowing that a similar situation was coming here next. This week is when the hospitals may overflow here in California. This morning, when I look in the mirror, I see YOU. My thoughts are with you over there. I hope the infection rate is starting to go down there. You are our mirror...
Genius
What about something like a car cranckshaft...you could operate many at same time
Blueprint free
DIY Reciprocating Cycle Linear Actuator with Gear Motor + 12V Power Supply + PWM CONTROL REGULATER
Yup suddenly these videos erupt ..... as if you knew the future or this video if recorded in past couple of days and the posting date set 9 months back...interesting
Get rid of the sliders too much friction and gears will be unreliable. Use a piston type mechanism from a motor to squash the bag
What is the provision for avoiding CO2 buildup for long term use? [This is not an issue for short-term rescue situations]
The ventilation itself is the provision to blow off C02. Exhalation is a passive process. If you have a build up of C02, you increase the ventilatory rate.
@@jpbaker19881 I assume you are familiar with CPAP and BIPAP units as well as classic ventilators. My comment was with respect to the original video.
Today more than ever the world needs respirators!!!
Needed too much of these in Pakistan
Can you'll make it open source and provide em with details to make please. Special now with the current epidemic.
Kind regards
Southern Africa
Please do contact me ASAP
Perhaps our universities could collaborate, that would be wonderful
University of Pretoria
Wow
good maam/ sir im sherwin semitara from philippines you me help me to make this ventilator cause not my own for the patient of covid 19 to help them breath please help me please i do research on this or tips how to make it i can read book like your thesis please help me books for my reference
Medtronic released files of simple ventilator
👏👏👏
What about PEEP or I:E
what is lacking is sensors.
Hi, I am professor in Brasil and we are planning to build such equipment, could you send documents of how to build this device? We are planning to do mass production here because of the covid19
As some have said this is too complicated in gearing. Cutting out of plastic gears requires a laser cutter. The unit needs a fan as reported by the young lady commenting. Worse of all it seems to run off a very expensive power supply sitting on the desk. The rotating windshield motor design seems much more practical.
Do NOT rely on a plastic Gear mechanism.
Do NOT Ever rely on modified SERVOS they have HORRIBLE repeatability and will burn out FAST.
Simple Simple Single StronG Motor ..Single lever compressing from One Side.
Shoot for No Friction , Less Parts etc.
Just remember it'll almost need 1000 repetitions an Hour (24,000 per day = over 100,000 in 4-5 days = approx 700,000 per month x however many months you want it to work before a nurse is trying desperately to fix a motor while a person is suffocating because the plastic part completely Completely wore down.
(I originally typed to "leave out the arduino" but Sorry I dumbly didn't realize the amount of calculating that's needed to adjust the correct pressure / flow etc. so i deleted that part)
(not to be scary , just imagine . When I did a motorized window display that only ran 12 hours a day ...two pieces of plastic just bumped each other gently once every 5 seconds ...after a couple months the plastic pieces were gone and there was a tiny white powder below . (the plastic had been ground to Dust!)
what's wrong with arduino? If you add some measures (oxygen or co2 concentration, humidity, pressure), I think it is a perfect fit. Its cheap and easy to access.
th-cam.com/video/3upKNnc75eg/w-d-xo.html
@@sorontar1 YEAH I Sorry you're right 'm going to Delete that part of the comment (IF That's taking into account pressures etc. then YES It IS a good match .
Sorry I was seeing people building so many simple systems that I was assuming no feedback was needed etc. .
As soon as I did ANY research I saw immediately that without feedback to adjust pressure or attempt triggering by the patient taking a breath etc.etc.etc. you can do lung damage easily etc.
(I assume everybody creating simple cam or lever mechanisms didn't check first??)
while those are ok but if u have worked with ARDS patient u know that they wont survive on bagging as u wont be able to control a lot of things.
Agreed. While the a ventilator is as simple a machine to bag a patient, the COVID patients who develop ARDS will need a lung protective strategy where pressure is a greater necessity that the volume from the ventilations.
Hi, can we get the STL to this?
RICE university are not releasing the full CAD files
Lobed disc like a crankshaft is a better design. No electronics. Move or change disc for different breath capacity.
@@MarkProffitt where are the designs?
@@xpim3d This should give you the concept. Change the position or length of the arm to change the volume of air per pump.
th-cam.com/video/cIIdtuGWWtM/w-d-xo.html
If only mechanical ventilation for non compliant lungs was as easy as squeezing a bag with a fixed volume of air delivered.......
Can you please elaborate? What are some other aspect to consider when designing a ventilator?
@Ashley C its just a valve design, not a complete ventilator
It can be. Just increase the tidal volume and put in an adjustable pop off valve and you will have a pressure limited time cycled imv mode of ventilator. You will need to add a peep valve too. It's not ideal but very doable.
She can compress my bag
Greedy companies won’t like this idea. They can’t possibly make a profit. Smh
Hello im interested on this machine, can i order it? Or you can share the tools, schema and materials im planning to make it too for my father
Hey I am not part of this project but it looks relatively simple to copy at least a crude version. You need a rack and pinion system, DC motor, Programmable Relay (I would look at forward, reverse, stop/delay relays on ebay), and most importantly a bag valve mask and intubation tube.
The students here did a great job by the way, and very well explained on how their system works!
Lobed disc like a crankshaft is a better design. All mechanical. No electronics. Move or change disc for different breath capacity.
th-cam.com/video/cIIdtuGWWtM/w-d-xo.html
github.com/jcl5m1/ventilator/wiki/Notes-from-chatting-with-a-pulmonologist
هذا الفيديو اصبح مهم في هذه الايام
It does not work, it can't inflates the bag
Jeez. People with CV have ARDS, it’s way more complicated than this
Hola amiga necesito colaboración con tus diseños por una buena causa desde Colombia necesito hacer tus proyectos para ayudar a mi país colaboramos
Somebody get these girls a GRANT!!! Then start making these asap!!! and quit whining about WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH!
well you can buy them for 350 online
someone here needs to get this video and idea to cuomo in new york
I need one please send me one
Ever seen how a hair trimmer wrks?? stepper motor with that mechanism will b better...
IT can be done with a reciprocating saw mechanism. all the components are already on the market and it can be done really cheap. All the power tools companies can do better and quicker....and cheaper..........
go old tech.
Check out V2 of the device, the ApolloBVM, here: th-cam.com/video/oLQ5bXakWq8/w-d-xo.html&feature=emb_title