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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 22 มิ.ย. 2020
- Complete teardown of an ATL/Philips HDI 3000 ultrasound machine.
Testing video: • ATL HDI3000 Ultrasound...
Probe teardown: • EEVblog #1315 - Ultras...
Time Gain Control Compensation: www.ti.com/lit/an/slaa724/sla...
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#Ultrasound #Teardown
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Arg! As a sonar guy, I can tell you that the function of the TGC is to increase the receiver gain as time elapses from when the pulse was transmitted. Without this, the signal would be huge (and clipping) right after the transmit pulse ended, and buried in the A/D's quantizing noise at larger time delays from the end of the transmit pulse. In many radar and sonar units, this is called TVG (Time Varying Gain).
is basically equalization in non digital word I guess.
@@vaualbus I think "compression" is better word.
Assuming it's standard SCSI, you really should rip out and hang on to that MO drive and disk - those are small and rare enough to be interesting to a computing museum.
6:25 E-net is Ethernet: that’s an AUI connector, to which one attaches an Ethernet transceiver for the physical medium used (10Base-5, 10Base-2, or 10Base-T).
Been a while since those were popular. I do retro-computing for a hobby, and I don't have too many cards with AUI connectors.
Please tell me your sarcastic.... in the early 90’s everything had AUI.. I made lots of money (for my bosses) selling AUI transceivers to swap users from 10Base2 to 10baseT
I'm not the only one, although I think I'm the only one who decided to use 75 ohm coax to set up a test Network...
Came here to say this. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attachment_Unit_Interface
@@imark7777777 Supposed to be 50-ohm for both 10-base-5 and 10-base-2. CATV coax is 75-ohm.
260 pins per plug, (yes i am that sad)
was gonna count but scrolled down first to check... thanks for saving me time ;)
@@tomaszkulawinski6388 Same here.
Yeah it's an ITT Cannon DL series connector, not "custom".
Chris W Any idea what the typical applications for such a connector would have been?
@@tookitogo We used them in patch bay connections for large broadcast audio mixing consoles.
44:00 on the Advnaced IF Output board top left corner the two ceramic chips are Cartesian data (Real and Imaginary) into Polar form (Magnitude and Phase) converts (PDSP16330A) made by GEC-Plessey Semiconductor (GPS).
You can easily buy an ultrasound that has more capability than this which will also fit in a briefcase and weigh about as much as a heavy laptop. Ultrasound technology has come on leaps and bounds in recent years. For an example look up the Philips CX50.
I saw an ad prior to this video for a probe that plugs into a phone, WTF!
Now I want to see a teardown of that thing, but I guess I have to wait another 25 years or so for that ;)
My attending has a ultrasound probe that plugs into his iPhone. Yes, my friends, Dr. McCoy's Medical Tricorder is a reality...
Whoa. So all of the signal processing done by those shielded cards fits in a laptop size enclosure? That's awesome
Believe me that that hdi 3000 has a doppler spectrum quality competing with todays mid-high level ultrasounds (not high ends, but very close). If it had some B mode image processing capabilities of CX50, iHDI3000 should have been better than it in B mode too. Because it has 128 channels using all trnacducer crystalls without switching and a very good analog signal amplifier. Channel number is more than most of todays machines, so this rockets the signal quality. . Yes it is some old. But for the age of it it was like from outer space. I have used one 10 years ago, and shocked about its capabilities. First of all probe quality portable machnies are poor. They generally use a new tecnology (without crystal), I am not sure about cx50 but HDI porobe quality is top one, single piece crystal cut. If the pure signal quality recieved is good (signal/noise ratio), it really boosts image quality. Todays lower end ultrasounds mostly use some mathematical calculations like speckle noise reduction and some other techniques to boost image quality. I have worked on ultrasound (as field service eng. and application specialist (Medison- Samsung, Kretz, Hitachi-Aloka) machines since 1996, and saw lots of USG machines.
This video is a long time in the making. I've been waiting for this video for ages thankyou!
The BOM must look like a distributor's inventory stock. What is BOM management like at this scale?
thas why you have these dedicated boards that are already pretty complicated but not that many parts per board.
WOW! That machine is absolutely amazing! My mind is blown. SO many ICs. Its never ending. Think of the people that designed and layed out these boards. Absolute geniuses.
Remember, this was designed in the MS-DOS era, there was no GUI CAD software 30 years ago. It must've taken months if not years to get it right. The schematic diagrams must be 1000 pages long.
He should frame some of those PCBs and put them on the wall. I would.
Simon. There were GUI CAD systems around more than 30 years ago. I was designing PCBs on a very sophisticated Computervision CADDS3 system back in 1984 and even then that system was already pretty old. There were plenty of other CAD systems around at the time although these were running on mini-computers or even main-frame computers.
Wow, this is a blast from the past for me! Was working on these when I got into ultrasound field service. If you want to see newer examples, we've got a ton of them around here I have access to.
10:00 Dallas1286?
Thats why they threw it away! After decades the Battery is empty!
Helped another Doc save his unit by changing that stuff !
He didn´t want to learn how to handle a new unit because of his age...
That's what I immediately thought when I saw it. Cause of failure - memory battery.
Wasn't there a battery next to the module on the CPU board?
@@ve2mrxB These dallas modules are notorious, the battery is encapsulated inside the giant package. It wouldn't be using an external battery even if there was one.
I guess the E-NET is Ethernet but 10Base5 (AUI), link:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attachment_Unit_Interface
Correct, it’s AUI. It was used for 10Base-5, -2, and -T with the appropriate transceiver.
Bingo, I still have one of the adapters.
briefly played with some old ethernet cards with this connector and the coax 10Base2 also had some adaptors for AUI to 10base2 coax. I actually set up a small 10Base2 network before I had the gear to make 100baseT etc UTP cables. Played with an old print server that only had a 10Base2 interface, had to talk to it with telnet at one point... good times
@@johndaugherty7465 I do too
william fleete 10Base2 was also my first exposure to Ethernet. But it was already on its very last legs at that point, with twisted pair clearly having won the battle! :)
The chassis looks like it's international space station ready. Very well built machine.
Yep pretty confident the space station was very intentional
I had the pleasure of buying some medical equipment caster wheels as surplus. Strong as hell and silky smooth, the very best.
This might actually exceed the capacity by weight of many orbital launch platforms.. Are you thinking like space anchor or something ?
Thanx for the teardown Dave...
I used to service these units when they were still in use. They weren't as popular as the higher-end HDI 5000, as they didn't have as good of image quality. ATL was purchased by Philips Medical, BTW, so they still exist within that corporation. The panel on the front was referred to as the "mux" panel (multiplexer). It is responsible for switching between the three transducer input connectors. Those highly shielded boards the the mux panel plugs into are called the front end boards. They are responsible for beam forming. Each transducer is a bit different (i.e. linear, convex, sector, etc.) and these boards compensate for each individual channel on any given transducer. Each front end board contains an array of preamps that are controlled by the software. They can be swapped around in order to troubleshoot faults in the boards. Information for each individual transducer is stored on a circuit board inside the large connector for that transducer. That's why the connector housing is so large. Color, PW and other functions are added by the boards connected to these front end boards (just keeping it simple). By the time the signal leaves the front end section, it has been processed into a raw image with X,Y,Z and direction of flow information. This then goes to the "back end" section of the unit, where the image is processed, demographics are added and the image is displayed on the monitor. The MO disk on the back of the unit is sometimes a bootable disk. It can be used to restore the hard drive when it gets corrupt. I can't remember all of the commands, but I think one of them is when you press "super key" and "0" at the same time, it will put you into service mode. Thanks for the tear-down video. It brought back a lot of memories!
8:15 "so many boards and so many things we can talk about this could be 2 hour long video"
Why not?
So cool you got your hands on one of those. In the 80s my grandfather worked for HP and machined out most of the parts for the first prototype ultrasound machine made by HP.
we've been waiting for so long, almost forgot about this. better late than never!
Great find!!
I found an HDI-5000 on the streets of Manhattan NY in 2015. Did a teardown with lots of glorious photos.
*Grabs popcorn 🍿*
No way. I asked for it a loooong time ago. Thank you very much, sir!
Wife blew out her ankle at netball.
Went to Doctor “ how many days” not our GP as it’s just a normal netball thing, no big deal..............
X ray. No busted bones.
Ultrasound. All good no problemos.
Still not better after ages.
Go to our GP and he gets a bit pissed and orders an MRI, ligament no longer connected.
One full ankle reco later.
Ultrasound was piss poor for this scenario
Bruh.
Ultrasonography requires an exquisite understanding of anatomy and physics and the ability to interpret three dimensional imaging. It takes years of practice. It's all about the gorilla holding the hammer, as AvE would say.
Yeah it's a bit of an artform, I find it's best whenever you break something you break it well enough that it's obvious to even the first year med students... When they can point to two different parts of the picture at least 5cm apart and say this is where it is and this is where it's supposed to be then it gets diagnosed quickly
Sonographers are not doctors, it generally requires a masters degree in ultrasound. Due to this, sonographers, particularly new ones can miss things, especially ligament damage which can be hard to spot. In this case, the GP should have either been able to diagnose a torn ligament or asked for an MRI straight away. More than likely a bad combo of bad doctor and bad sonographer, but can't entirely blame the sonographer.
@@ShortCircuitGaming a sonographer should not be trying to diagnose this kind of thing. Nor should a GP. This is not a simple pregnant/non pregnant diagnosis. This kind of diagnostics is the domain of the specialist radiologist. This may sound overdramatic but with ultrasound you need to "become the machine" and have scanned hundreds(thousands) of normal before you can identify abnormal. So many variables at play.
I was having elbow pain, they found it on sonography and knew it was a tendon issue.
Definitely deserves a part 2 !
50 min teardown video? I like it!
6:26 That E-Net is using an older style Ethernet connection using DB series connectors. We used them on some of our network equipment back in the 1990s.
Gold-glad ceramic packages always feel special to me.
A real Bobby dazzler
I guess I'm kinda off topic but does anybody know a good place to watch new tv shows online ?
@Dangelo Terrance flixportal :P
@Byron Benicio Thank you, I went there and it seems to work =) Appreciate it!
@Dangelo Terrance happy to help xD
Raytheon chips are hardened against radiation (RF, and Alpha, Beta, & X). They are used a lot in military applications.
They made the best vacuum tubes imo...though I doubt a lot of people watching this would care.
The vid at the begining, I could swear that I've seen it YEARS ago!
Thats because you did
Nice teardown! Was looking forward to this one. Wondered what happened to it since you bunkered it years ago.
As expected, there's more silicone in this thing than on the beaches around Sydney
Finally you made this video
I have worked with this 3000 model, it was the cheaper version of the hdi5000. I still remember the feeling of the buttons! My first years as a ultrasound technician in the hospital... Memories...
Never apologize for the length of a video. Bored people can scrub around and see the bits they want to see. I appreciate the detail -- were it not for your teardowns, I'd probably never see most of this stuff (let alone get the insight!).
Excellent teardown Dave, BTW Ratheon second sourced many Logic and IDT parts, i have seen many in Quantel products.
very interesting, ive taken apart new laptop or "on wheels" ultrasound machines and its crazy to see the change over time!
Symbios logic 53C710 is a SCSI controller. I have a 53C865
I haven't been inside a piece of medical equipment since I was a kid. My dad used to work for Datex Ohmeda. They had since been bought out by Instrumentarium, which was then bought out by General Electric, but back then my dad was the senior service rep for British Columbia and the Yukon (Canada). He used to go out all the time to hospitals when one of the machines needed servicing, and sometimes they'd just ship them to our house so he could service them there. In which case, I got to see their guts. I don't know if Ohmeda did ultrasound machines, but he did get a lot of anaesthetic machines and ventilators to service.
Love yours videos!!!
The PDSP16630 is a very interesting chip...Plessey called it a Pythagoras Processor. It does conversion of Cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates.
Those Custom Connectors actually look like Cannon DL series. Used on some high end audio equipment (Solid State Logic 4000, 6000, and 9000 mixing consoles)
Don't worry about the length, love when you waffle on. Really incredible bit of tech. One has to wonder, given the strict requirements for medical equipment, and the obvious design complexity, how much have modern machines really changed? As you say, it would be very interesting to compare.
Would be interesting to see a modern version stipped down to see the difference in components, etc.
I used press fit connectors in the past, make sure you define the right hole size and they are super reliable. Order a couple of extra PCB's and you can press the connector yourself buy using a vise.
I used to design imaging sonar with similar principles. All that digital does indeed go into one FPGA.
Just gotta say, Dave, 5 years go by and you haven't aged a day! (The wonders of keeping healthy and fit!)
AMI is American Megatrends Inc, the people who used to write BIOSs amongst many other things.
More likely it is American Microsystems Inc, a manufacturer of MOS-based ICs
At 45:40 you can see an x86 Processor by AMD.
An 80186-16. You don't see them all that much (or rather more outside of an IBM compatible PC than inside one)
That "E-net" (db15?) port probably attached to a "thicknet" Ethernet transciever for the old coaxial networking standard.
I've never had to mess with it, but I've heard it was a pita.
Torn ACL diagnosis... Ultrasound is not the right tool for the right job. Those sliders are the gain controls for different depths. I am totally enjoying this video!
SYMBIOS LOGIC? That looks like a SCSI Host Controller. A dead Givaway is the SCSI LED a thumb or two next to it ;)
Yup, SCSI bus controller. They were sold under a number of names, Symbios logic, LSI logic and NCR (I think they were the original owners of the IP). The 53c710 is a really old one, apparently also found in amigas but they were everywhere. I remerber wanting a 53c896 based card for my alpha.
The HDD is an LVD SCSI-3 drive, so it's probably for that.
I was wondering at the beginning 'damn, Dave is looking real fit and buff' :D
I thought I was interested in what looked like Tracy Island in the first part of the video, but then I saw the Sinclair C5 in the background at 2:14!
Richard Garnish the C5 is the reason he's cleaning up his storage.
Dave, fix up the C5 and chuck out the old buggies!
@@Mark.R_ He's actually done a video on the C5, several years back.
Fun fact, IDT was once an owner of the old AWA Semiconductor fab in Sydney.
I remember those connectors from ATE equipment, where they were used to connect the DUT cable assemblies to the front of the rack, and from there the connectors were split out to a set of power supplies, giving a variety of power supplies, 115VAC 400Hz 3 phase, each phase adjustable voltage wise, and with the actual output voltage read along with the current by both the power supply itself and the ATE acquisition system. Then 28VDC, up to 50A, as some of the stuff needed that amount of power to operate.
Then a massive patch panel, wheere you had a 200 by 200 pin array of interconnects, so you could have the input and output lines connected to the simulation and readout side.
Those connectors are rated for low noise, even after 1000 insertion cycles, and you really do not want to know the cost of them, though they do have the ability to replace individual pins and sockets if they do fail. Perhaps not with the ultrasound, as they likely potted the plug.
I would hazard half of those added modification wires are there to repair broken inner traces in the boards, as they likely were only tested and passed in the PCB plant, but after the PCB was assembled and soldered they would find the failed traces that did not survive the reflow cycle during test. Expensive board, expensive components but cheaper to do diagnosis and place the wires than scrap the entire board that mostly works, and hope the next board is perfect.
IBM Deathstar, not likely to still work, though there are a lot of glued down components, using some quality clear acetoxy free silicone instead of the crusty glue.
E-net is actually Ethernet. That's an old AUI transceiver port. Plug in your 10 base-t transceiver and you'll be right as rain.
that control panel tho, mmm, trackball, nice looking keyboard, faders, giant buttons.. do want
I worked for a cardiovascular place and that gap you said might be for a printer often had a high end VHS recorder fitted to enable analysis & reporting away from the machine.
Given that Raytheon were heavily invested in radar, and radar return processing is very similar to ultrasound return processing, it makes sense to see their chipsets in these devices!
"What's e-net?" Pretty early ethernet connection. Looks like a pretty standard vme chassis and backplane for high frequency and low noise operation and computing.
Correct. It's actually an AUI connector for 10Mbit/s ethernet. You'd need to have used a transceiver to convert it from AUI to BNC or RJ45 dependent on how your ethernet cabling was wired at the time. FWIW, the original Cisco Routers (2500 series) used to have only AUI on them for years.
Nat Semi DP8392! I was one of the process engineers (whilst I was doing my Eng Degree) in Gourock, Scotland when that was running through the new 8 inch fabrication line in about 1988 or so! I've always wondered who used that bugger.
Dave, if you haven't scrapped the chassis yet.... they make great mobile carts for other equipment. Add some batteries, inverter, and whatever equipment you need.
Oh and those power rectifiers with the heat sink you couldn't get off ... they look like a Vicor model. And yes they're a pain to scrap...
Yes, please tear down all the ultrasound heads, I want to see what's in them and what's the difference between them!
Interesting. The grand daddy of my favorite imaging tool! LOL!
Dave sending ultrasonic good vibes
Man, I love that shirt, gonna buy one!
MCM62990 is a high speed SRAM, 4K x4. Started in that group a couple yrs after that part came out. Back then 15 ns was considered fast. By late 90’s we had 4ns parts. BiCMOS.
The Moment when you are realising that you are watching this Aussi Guy for 7-8 Years already...
Dave. Have you done a tear down of the HP9845 calculator appearing in the background at 2:15. Could be an interesting device to have a look inside.
I seem to remember HP devoted a whole issue of the HP Journal to describing the design and construction of this calculator when it was released.
Was just going to ask if that was an HP 9845 with the monitor missing.
Not a calculator though, a serious CAD workstation - for its time. hp9845.net/9845/hardware/9845c/
@@pixymisa8087 I called it a calculator as it is featured in the calculator section of the HP catalog. However, with closer reading of the catalog, I see that HP describe it as a desktop computer.
Given Raytheon work on radars and other sensors, it kind of makes sense to find their stuff in something dealing with ultrasound imaging.
That is very similar to the ultrasound machine used on me at an office in Ukraine not too long ago. Cost me $1.35 to get an ultrasound to identify the sudden pain in my side being a kidney stone. The office was a simple bare room and just that machine, table and a cabinet with supplies. When I say bare, I mean unpainted concrete bunker walls. The doctor's entire life and ability to feed his family probably depended on that machine working.
Back in the states, Paid $500 at a clinic on a modern state-of-the-art machine to get the exact same results. I was impressed and also made aware of how overpriced our medical system is.
Maybe do a decap series? Considering how much silicon you have got you can just batch process them. Its also very easy. You can blowtorch the ic package directly or use a 100w halogen lamp to do a controlled destruction.
Repairing this scanner and consequent dipping into it with oscilloscope, watching waveforms of the electrical signal that is being sent to transducer and received from the scanned media would be PRICELESS CONTENT.
Please, consider making such video before doing destructive teardown of probing heads.
Those chips labeled "MHS" are mfg'd by "Multi-Health Systems Inc.", hence the acronym "MHS".
They are still in business and amazingly still making chips for ultrasound machines.
Yes, ultrasonic cleaners and digital calipers are my favorite tools.
The Chip manufacturer "MHS" was "Matra MHS", basically one subsidiary of the european AEG group, which as electrical/ electronics Dept. was owned by Daimler-Benz group. (Can be found in "The European Electronics Industry Towards 1992 - A Profile of Market Leaders", written by Andrew E Fletcher
Love this old tech
hah googling this thing results in EEVBlog links being the top hits :)
I always figured that the mathematical processing for radar might have a lot in common with that needed for medical imaging. I might be mistaken, but given that Raytheon makes radar equipment, that could explain why a Raytheon chip might show up in medical equipment.
Awesome. Yes, I thought it would be some sort of Unix.
Maybe Look Mum No Computer could make a synth controller out of it?
I hope this video gets lots of views to motivate Dave to make more content like this, I really like these. :D
cool, can't wait to check this vid out >> It is my 5 year goal to make an opensource ultrasound system
@3:30
" Dammit Jim, I'm an engineer, not a doctor."
Pretty sure that the initial board with the serial port on it and the big 'eth' port is actually a very old ethernet connection network card, although I can't tell you which type since I haven't used that spec for a *long* time (last time I saw it was late 90's). They were used a lot for a long time, but the old ring-types requiring terminators and so on have been long gone for twenty-odd years now, replaced with RJ45.
This is p°rn. Teardown of the physical doodle vibrating thingy needed.
Can't wait to see a teardown of an MRI machine also. This is some fascinating technology.
It probably won't fit in the lab.
you dont recognize the amd logo ? Impressive boards... How much time would it have taken to develop that machine?
Sir i have a simple question, did you try to use an analog mutimeter? And what is the best analog or digital multimeter?
A Sinclair C5! Man, I thought it was futuristic as a 12-year old. 😂🤣
Symbios Logic did SCSI controllers. They started as part of AT&T, then were sold to NCR, and then spun off. LSI acquired them and became LSI Logic.
Looking forward to a Lunar Module teardown . Hopefully they put one up on sale on eBay and you win . Even better , a Falcon 9 rocket :) :)
I used to build similar machines back in the 80's under the brand names of UniRad or Johnson & Johnson. They rarely shielded the card cages like this, no need to if designed properly. They just put cans on the parts that might leak RF. Also, remember, these machines could take a black and white picture, derived from nothing more than sending out sound waves, and calculate weight at birth for babies. When the calculations were incorrect, the manufactures got sued for big bucks.
I was about to say "man i could have sworn i have seen this before"
It's been a while since you got that railway diorama, Dave
Err, yep....
Woo I'm pretty sure I know one of the chips... the Symbios logic at 47:02 is a PCI / SCSI IO controller.
I was thinking, "I know he's already done a video on an ultrasound machine".
25:00 Did that 6th of 8 array package on the right have a bit of a bar-BQ? Or what is it, looks like a U-part.
How do you know how many layers the PCB is? is there a way to tell?
Old medical equipment like this fascinates me. If it's functional, what can I do with it? Find uses around the house, on the car? If it has a PC based front end, can I just load up DOS and play Doom on it? If it's non-functional, can I re-use any other parts, again in particular any PC-based stuff? Of course if all else fails, since no expense was spared in the components these are great for parts harvesting! I'd also like to see what might be lurking on all of the flash/eeprom chips.
Must be a 486 or below for the Intel processor. Fans weren't really needed for processors before the Pentium assuming you had good airflow and such.
That TI 340 looks like a cool chip I never knew it was used in many arcade classics!
good afternoon, can I ask you a technical question about the atl hdi3000 ultrasound machine? Thank you very much
The original Actels were CPLDs with write-once anti-fuses for programming. From sometime in the late 80s. Claimed to be alpha particle proof, used on Mars rovers according to their blurbs.
You can get some basic ultrasound scanners that are bluetooth and charge wirelessly. They are just the handset, no wire no terminal or even holes in the case just an ipad and a qi charger.
Aren't they as much useful as toys are?
Hey Dave Thank U for your Hard work.
Could it be that this is an re upload?
I should have watched the Video before Comenting