"THE FRIENDLY WAY" BEHIND THE SCENES AT BELL TELEPHONE CO. OPERATORS PROMO FILM 93254

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 7 พ.ย. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 82

  • @Mr.SLovesTheSacredHeartofJesus
    @Mr.SLovesTheSacredHeartofJesus 4 ปีที่แล้ว +37

    I'm not going to make fun of this at all. I think this is wonderful. Too bad an updated version isn't shown in all companies. My aunt worked for the telephone company for just under 40 years. She was a telephone operator. And from the 1940s till the early 1970s it was a very good job she was proud of. And had pride in doing well. It's a shame all that's gone now. We have regressed as a society. ☎

  • @mancheezethegreat8617
    @mancheezethegreat8617 4 ปีที่แล้ว +19

    My grandmother, RIP, was a telephone operator in New York and Boston when she was young in the 30's and 40's.

    • @ShortBusScotty
      @ShortBusScotty 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Mine worked in NYC too at the time.

  • @Bill_N_ATX
    @Bill_N_ATX 4 ปีที่แล้ว +17

    Wow, the concept of service.

  • @ggeorgeherny
    @ggeorgeherny 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    This brings me good memories of people I Love who used to do this work. Our world has changed so much. People were more polite and service was quality. That is all lost.

  • @randybargar4408
    @randybargar4408 3 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    How I wish life was still this way

  • @damxgopak457
    @damxgopak457 4 ปีที่แล้ว +14

    Customer service sure has taken a big shit since the good old days.

    • @cellytron
      @cellytron หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      I was just thinking that! There’s basically no service in existence these days that would help with the first scenario, is there?
      “You want me to do what?! Call every hotel in the area to see if some lady is there? Sorry sir, you’ll have to find your own damn wife, that’s not my problem.”

  • @badcompany-w6s
    @badcompany-w6s 4 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    One ringy-dingy, two the ringy-dingy. 😄

    • @markreeter6227
      @markreeter6227 4 ปีที่แล้ว +8

      "Is this the party to whom I am speaking?"

    • @kernow9324
      @kernow9324 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      "A gracious good afternoon."

    • @kathleenking47
      @kathleenking47 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Oh ernestine 🤣

    • @kathleenking47
      @kathleenking47 ปีที่แล้ว

      Watching on a telephone, the size of a notepad 😋🤣
      Someone called me, it was a wrong number..from RUSSIA🤣

    • @dawnreneegmail
      @dawnreneegmail 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Illinois Bell Telephone here and we loved the monopoly motto joke, "We don't care, we don't have to," the beginning of the wise guy era for customer service.

  • @Queserasera_LaLaLa
    @Queserasera_LaLaLa 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    This was a time when not everyone had a telephone and it was still considered a luxury not everyone could afford.

  • @Wa3ypx
    @Wa3ypx 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    The lady at 3:07 has the same hair style as my mom has today! She's 97 and was a telephone operator in the 40's

  • @ShortBusScotty
    @ShortBusScotty 4 ปีที่แล้ว +25

    The good old days when a real person answered the phone.

    • @JDAbelRN
      @JDAbelRN 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      I'm sure tired of robots.

    • @TVHouseHistorian
      @TVHouseHistorian 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      “Please listen to the following, as our menu options have changed… Press 1 for English… Press 2 for Spanish (Para español, presione el número dos)… Press 3 For mild frustration… Press 4 to be hung up on and have to call back in order to waste another 15 minutes of your time being routed through a queue… Press 5 to be jerked around by a rude, low-paid Customer Service rep… Press 6 for further frustration… Press 7 to hear these menu options again.”
      “I’m sorry. I didn’t hear that. Please select an option to continue.”

  • @JeffFrmJoisey
    @JeffFrmJoisey 4 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    That all disappeared in the 70's!!

  • @ivorwm2291
    @ivorwm2291 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    I worked for Pacific Telephone and then Pacific Bell. I enjoyed my job. I was very well trained on how to assist customers. I regret leaving Pac Bell and moving to Texas

  • @scratchdog2216
    @scratchdog2216 4 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    2:48 Watch for the shadow of the boom microphone moving across the suitcase in the foreground.

    • @rollingtones1
      @rollingtones1 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Scratch Dog 22: Also at 2:22.

    • @scratchdog2216
      @scratchdog2216 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@rollingtones1 LOL I guess that one didn't catch my eye the first time around. Good show anyway.

  • @roberthead2408
    @roberthead2408 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Breakfast like that looks wonderful

  • @bichela
    @bichela 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    I wish I was born in those times. I would love to be a switchboard operator

  • @OneBlueFroggy
    @OneBlueFroggy 3 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Aaah yes, I remember when people were nice and tried to be helpful ! You could even discuss other topics with them, they weren't in a big rush to get rid of you ! And if you knew someone's name you could just look up their number in the phone book. Or any business you needed. If someone was rude to you, you could complain and something would be done about it, or you take your business elsewhere !
    All gone now, excuse me for living.
    🥴🇨🇦✌️

    • @HobbyOrganist
      @HobbyOrganist ปีที่แล้ว +1

      " You could even discuss other topics with them, they weren't in a big rush to get rid of you ! "
      True, but back in 1950 the entire US population was only 150 million and a lot of people couldnt even afford a telephone, now it's 333 million and everyone has and uses the phone for everything. In 1950 you had to pay fr each call, and long distance charges too, so people didn't make 47 calls a day and gab for an hour at a time.
      In the 1950s, only 62% of US households had telephones, there were 43.6 million households in 1950, so 62% of that means only about 27 million of them had a telephone! compare that to to-day- according to the most recent data from the U.S. Census Bureau, there are about 128,579,000 households in the United States, there's NO comparison!

    • @farcenter
      @farcenter ปีที่แล้ว

      ​@@HobbyOrganist I think you missed the point. Ok there were less people by half or something, and only half had phones, that's obvious stuff and not applicable. The point I believe was that people treated each other more respectfully in general. It's not about the phones or the fact you paid by the minute. It's that windows into our past often show things that we have lost, as well as ways we have progressed.

  • @sugarplum5824
    @sugarplum5824 2 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Nowadays, he could have called her cell phone and located his wife immediately. That being said, it's SO frustrating never getting a polite human being to answer when you call any business anywhere. Customer service is only a fond memory for those who remember such a thing.

    • @johnjaco5544
      @johnjaco5544 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Or that speak english.

  • @stevenmetzger3385
    @stevenmetzger3385 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thanks!!!

  • @unclebbmunson1084
    @unclebbmunson1084 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    My mom was an operator 1954. Spring Valley ny. SPring Valley 6.

  • @Legend813a
    @Legend813a 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    8:18 That central office is in Evenston Illinois.

  • @mistervacation23
    @mistervacation23 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    HELLO, SARAH? GET ME THE BLUEBIRD DINER.

  • @joecarlo1073
    @joecarlo1073 4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    @PeriscopeFilm, you have a nice collection of films, and it's nice of you to upload some here. But I am an audio-video-computer engineer, and I need to let U know, that the audio and even the video of your uploads can be improved a lot, if handled a different way. For example this audio track has a constant high-pitched tone throughout the entire duration, which should not really be on the film but most likely came from the projector used. Another video I just saw had barely recognizable audio. And another very low contrast (in B&W) All this can be improved quite easily, and would make your videos more appealing for potential customers

    • @PeriscopeFilm
      @PeriscopeFilm  4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Actually, most of the defects that you see and hear with our films are from the source material. We transfer all our material directly from film on a LaserGraphics ScanStation, a very high end scanning system that supports 4k transfer. It is true that we don't restore or alter the finished scan -- we prefer to present films as they were originally seen, without doctoring.
      You are so very welcome. Love our channel? Help us save and post more orphaned films! Support us on Patreon: www.patreon.com/PeriscopeFilm Even a really tiny contribution can make a difference.

  • @gm12551
    @gm12551 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Mrs Williamson would be the type of person to not tip at a restaurant. She sure seemed to look at the negative things. Must have been commonplace after living thru the depression.

  • @satanofficial3902
    @satanofficial3902 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Do you have Prince Albert in a can? Is your refrigerator running?
    A telephone can have its uses...

    • @satanofficial3902
      @satanofficial3902 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      And a call to a bowling alley, "Do you have ten-pound balls?"

    • @satanofficial3902
      @satanofficial3902 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Although of course, in these daze of caller ID, making anonymous prank calls doesn't work so well anymore.
      Moe would immediately know it's Bart again.

  • @lightdark00
    @lightdark00 4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Why are there no two hour waits to actually talk to someone?

  • @misslora3896
    @misslora3896 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    People today think this kind of courteous costumer service was something fictional. People in general used to be FAR more kind and considerate, but especially in service related jobs. I didn't enter the workforce until several decades after this period, in the mid 80's and worked in costumer service for nearly 30 years. As each decade passed I could see how that was beginning to wain more and more. Over the last 15 yrs the decline really sped up, but especially after the "superbug" of 4 years ago. Not only in service, but overall. People no longer care about others... least of all strangers. It's become very much a society focused primarily on self in every possible way. Family, community, even friends don't matter or mean what they used to. It's been a very sad and upsetting thing to witness.

  • @roachtoasties
    @roachtoasties ปีที่แล้ว +1

    That's what I used to do as a kid (14:55). Tell the operator you dialed "a wrong number" and she'll make the call for you for free. Never pay for a call again. ;)

  • @NipkowDisk
    @NipkowDisk 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    At 13:22 is a very strange sort of device being used. I wonder what its purpose was? The baffles surrounding the turntable assembly might be for soundproofing, so maybe they were doing some form of acoustical measurement...

    • @HobbyOrganist
      @HobbyOrganist ปีที่แล้ว +1

      It seems to be some kind of "laboratory test" they were doing

  • @dreamcatcherjulie1
    @dreamcatcherjulie1 ปีที่แล้ว

    I miss these times.

  • @Nocturnal11Guy
    @Nocturnal11Guy 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Such simpler times.

  • @farcenter
    @farcenter ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Imagine calling any service provider now in the morning and have them offer to be there by 12 noon! And you say that's too long and they say 11 on the jiffy!

  • @MJK1965
    @MJK1965 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    That was fantastic. Now they don't even offer land lines anymore. Only VOIP. So if a storm knocks out your internet, your phone is gone too.

    • @MaximRecoil
      @MaximRecoil 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      I still have a landline.

    • @HobbyOrganist
      @HobbyOrganist ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@MaximRecoil They are no more now and will be completely gone by 2025;
      How long will landlines be supported?
      By 2025, traditional landline phones, using 100-year-old technology, are set to be switched off in favour of a digital network fit for the modern era. This will apply to both home and business phone lines, so if you're still relying on analogue equipment, you'll need to make plans now to upgrade.Aug 2, 2022
      Can you just get a landline phone without Internet?
      "Our landline base uses cellular signals to connect to towers near your home or business to provide reliable local and nationwide calling service. Our system does not require an internet connection, and is a great choice for customers who are not connected to the internet.
      Is Verizon getting rid of landlines?
      The Verizon 3G shutdown affects millions of Americans who rely on devices like the Verizon Home Phone Connect to power their landline phones.May 4, 2022
      Is AT&T getting rid of landlines?
      Are landlines being phased out? Yes, traditional copper-wire landlines are being phased out starting August 2nd 2022. Community Phone offers a wireless landline alternative that allows you to keep your landline, without the need for internet or copper wires. Call Community Phone at to learn more.Mar 17, 2022
      I have a restored mint condition 1950s rotary dial phone that can be used to both dial out, make and take calls, it's connected to a device that uses my cell phone signal, so the cell phone needs to be nearby for it to access the signal. Since it's not a push button phone there's no star or # to use to access certain features like voicemail password access.

    • @MaximRecoil
      @MaximRecoil ปีที่แล้ว

      ​@@HobbyOrganist "They are no more now"
      Wrong. As I said 5 months ago in the post that you replied to, I have a true landline, and I still do.
      "and will be completely gone by 2025"
      You don't know what you're talking about. The paragraph you quoted is talking about the UK. It says it right in the first sentence of the article that you copied and pasted it from:
      "You may have heard that a major change is coming to the UK's phone network in the coming years. By 2025, traditional landline phones, using 100-year-old technology, are set to be switched off in favour of a digital network fit for the modern era."
      I live in the US.
      "Is Verizon getting rid of landlines?"
      "Is AT&T getting rid of landlines?"
      Doesn't matter. I don't have Verizon or AT&T.
      "I have a restored mint condition 1950s rotary dial phone that can be used to both dial out, make and take calls, it's connected to a device that uses my cell phone signal, so the cell phone needs to be nearby for it to access the signal."
      I have seven rotary phones, including a pair of new old stock (didn't need to be restored because they were still new in the box when I got them) Western Electric model 500s, both made in June 1966, and they all work perfectly just by plugging them into the same wiring that was installed in this house by the Bell System many decades ago. That's because I have a true landline, like I already said.

  • @satanofficial3902
    @satanofficial3902 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Unlike in tv commercials where operators are standing by, these operators are sitting in chairs. TV commercial companies are too cheap to think about their employee comfort.
    "Call now! Yes, call now! But only if you call NOW! Operators are standing by! Have your credit card ready!"

    • @badcompany-w6s
      @badcompany-w6s 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Don't forget! This offer expires at midnight.

  • @rohnkd4hct260
    @rohnkd4hct260 ปีที่แล้ว

    Back in the days when "customer Service" mattered. Now days, you get what they will provide...... but you better pay your bill on time.

  • @Daledavispratt
    @Daledavispratt 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Wouldn't you have just called the police station where she would have checked and left word? But then of course, we wouldn't have a plot...

  • @billsimpson604
    @billsimpson604 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Those were the days when you had a good paying job for life with the Bells. Today the US corporations contract everything out, (that they can't relocate to lower wage countries), to the lowest bidder, so the top managers can make millions a year. The lowest AT&T bidder installing fiber cut the water off TWICE within 2 weeks in my sister's upscale subdivision.
    And when those top managers screw up, like in 2008, & need yet another taxpayer bailout, they walk away with multi million dollar bonuses for screwing up. Corporate America is the only place where the rich screw ups get rewarded, & retire with millions of dollars in bonuses. Then they get their taxes cut when we are $34 TRILLION in debt.

  • @lizzapaolia959
    @lizzapaolia959 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Civilized society. Look at the USA in 2024.
    God bless our European brothers and sisters 🙏

  • @c0t0d0s7
    @c0t0d0s7 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    DISCONNECT!
    But she says the payment is in the mail.
    We OWN the mail. DISCONNECT!

  • @HobbyOrganist
    @HobbyOrganist ปีที่แล้ว

    wonder what that device is doing @13:27

  • @fordlandau
    @fordlandau 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Service ? What is that ? Telephone book. Huh ?

  • @SPEAKEASYAZ4895
    @SPEAKEASYAZ4895 ปีที่แล้ว

    We now have cell phones. 😂😂 we can get to that next week😅 all these jobs are gone today.

  • @satanofficial3902
    @satanofficial3902 4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Oh-uh... Henry is seeing and hearing things again. Obvious signs of... reefer madness!

  • @farcenter
    @farcenter ปีที่แล้ว

    What was a party line?

    • @x_x_w_
      @x_x_w_ 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Shared phone line by neighbors.

  • @tibblescat2918
    @tibblescat2918 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    WTF ? you phone your ISP, a human answers, and they send an engineer to your home within 3 hours?
    And now we live in the bright modern age they could only dream of !

    • @samwiebaux2788
      @samwiebaux2788 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Tibbles Cat died years ago, before Tibbles stopped working at ATT as President, or vice president. You just don't get it!

  • @samwiebaux2788
    @samwiebaux2788 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    A BUSINESS WOULD CHOKE OF THEY HAD TO BE POLITE IN THE 2020'S! TMOBILE WOULD DIE IF HELD TO THIS LEVEL OF DECENCY!

  • @luisreyes1963
    @luisreyes1963 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    So why does AT&T still keep the word "Telegraph" in their corporate name? 🤔

  • @Nocturnal11Guy
    @Nocturnal11Guy 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Nowadays you talk to a computer for service. Or someone in a foreign country.

  • @c0t0d0s7
    @c0t0d0s7 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Did you see the wife slip a roofie into the repair man’s coffee? He’s still tied up in the basement!

  • @DMBall
    @DMBall 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    The good old days of the monopoly? Sorry, they weren't that good. I can remember when Bell built their own phones for about $5 apiece and rented them to customers for $3 per month. And supressed the information that you could buy your own instrument.

    • @MaximRecoil
      @MaximRecoil 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      "The good old days of the monopoly?"
      Yes.
      "Sorry, they weren't that good."
      Yes, they were.
      "I can remember when Bell built their own phones for about $5 apiece and rented them to customers for $3 per month."
      How do you know what it cost them to make phones? In any case, they were, and still are, the best phones in the world. Also, the charge was more like $2 a month, and what difference does it make? At the time it was just an inherent part of the monthly service charge. They could have said the phone rental was "free" and added $2 to the standard monthly service charge; would that have been better?
      "And supressed the information that you could buy your own instrument."
      They didn't do any such thing. They simply disallowed connecting aftermarket equipment to THEIR phone lines, i.e., the phone lines and other infrastructure that THEY built and maintained, which, logically speaking, they had every right to do. One of the reasons the Bell System was so good was that _every_ customer had a top quality Western Electric phone. Suppose they allowed aftermarket equipment to be connected to their phone system and grandma goes down to the K-mart and picks herself up a $10 made-in-China piece of junk phone, and now people who talk on the phone with grandma are having problems: distorted speech, static, drop-outs, too loud or too quiet, echoes, etc. Now people are calling up Ma Bell wanting to know why their calls to grandma are terrible quality, and what is Ma Bell supposed to do about it? "Fix" grandma's POS phone that they didn't design or manufacture in the first place? Obviously not.
      Of course, grandma wouldn't be the only one heading out to K-mart; a bunch of people would be doing it, people who have no understanding of quality at all; people who have a "a phone is a phone" mentality, and then call quality on the Bell System becomes a crap shoot, because the phones themselves are a fundamental part of the system. By allowing people to use whatever phones they wanted to, they would be relinquishing their control over quality.
      Once the government forced them to allow aftermarket phones on their system, things took a nosedive. For example, this is a conversation that the late Art Bell had with a caller on his Coast to Coast AM radio show on June 3, 1997:
      "I will see what I can do, and in the meantime, do us all a favor and go out and buy a phone. Because I would like to interview you more extensively but that phone you've got, it should be put in a trash compactor. You can go out to a swap meet and get just a good old-fashioned, regular old telephone. Remember one of the old ones with the push-buttons that probably says 'property of the Bell System' or something? And get one of those and you plug it in and use it for when you're calling a radio show."
      After the call ended he continued:
      "Actually, I've got one of those here, and you know where I bought it? I bought it at a swap meet. You know what it says on the back of it? Let me see... actually, yup, it says 'Bell System property, not for sale.' And they are some of the best phones in the whole world. Just the old-fashioned, um -- and I'm not talking about the dial phones now, it's a touch-tone phone -- the good old heavy phones, you know, the kind of phone where, uh, if you're unhappy with somebody you can crack 'em over the head and they're gone. When they're hit with a Bell System phone, one of the old ones, they're gone."
      Of course, now, with the near ubiquity of cell phones (i.e., glorified walkie-talkies), and VoIP rather than real landlines, things are worse than they have ever been. A good quality phone call is now very much the exception rather than the rule. On top of that, hardly anyone's number is listed in phone books anymore and you have to jump through hoops to talk to a human operator, assuming you can even talk to one at all. Also, payphones are all but extinct, and if you do find one, it could be owned/operated by scammers because the government forced the Bell System / Baby Bells to allow COCOTs (Customer-Owned Coin-Operated Telephone). Telephony has very much regressed since the days of the Bell System's "evil monopoly."

    • @DMBall
      @DMBall 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@MaximRecoil Sorry, Windy, but I was there at the time. I was charged $3 a month to rent a Western Electric trimline phone. I was never offered the option of furnishing my own. I read about that option in a newspaper article, and had to threaten the local Bell goons with a formal complaint to the utility commission in order to replace the trimline with a $13 model from Woolworth's in 1979, which lasted 13 years and saved me at $500 in fees.

    • @MaximRecoil
      @MaximRecoil 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      ​@@DMBall "Sorry, Windy, but I was there at the time. I was charged $3 a month to rent a Western Electric trimline phone."
      The Trimline was an extra cost option, so that was your own fault. You should have opted for the standard 500 or 2500 series (depending on whether or not you had touch-tone service in your area).
      "I was never offered the option of furnishing my own. I read about that option in a newspaper article, and had to threaten the local Bell goons with a formal complaint to the utility commission"
      That's because '79 was around the time that government thugs forced them to allow random people to connect whatever they wanted to a phone network that didn't belong to them. It was also only a few years before said government thugs destroyed the Bell System. Before that time frame, there was no option, so they couldn't exactly suppress an option that didn't even exist.
      "in order to replace the trimline with a $13 model from Woolworth's in 1979"
      So you connected a piece of junk to a phone system that didn't belong to you. Congratulations.
      " which lasted 13 years and saved me at $500 in fees."
      That's a load of horseshit. For one thing, it was only about $2 a month, not $3 (the extra dollar was your own fault; see above), and for another thing, the breakup was finalized in '82, at which point there was no more obligation, nor even a seeming obligation, to continue renting phones from the Bell System, because they were required to notify all their customers that they could turn their phones back in and buy their own, or purchase the phones they had been renting all along (for around $20 for the standard 500 or 2500 series, which was a great deal), or continue to rent them if they wanted. So that's 3 years, not 13, which amounts to a $72 savings.
      I bet you were really living it up with all that extra money in your pocket, you know, a whopping $2 extra every month.
      I see you didn't address the quality of telephony drastically regressing since the days of the Bell System, so I'll go ahead and note your tacit concession on that.

    • @Janotes
      @Janotes ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@MaximRecoil I have never read such a rebuttal for the championing
      Of the Great Bell System. Bravo
      Sir or Madam.

    • @jimlocke9320
      @jimlocke9320 13 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      Consumers prefer to have choice and do not like to have to deal with a monopoly. There was strong argument for a natural monopoly in local telephone service. However, I never saw a need for a regulated monopoly in the long distance business. AT&T promoted the concept of "universal service" and used long distance revenue to subsidize local service. AT&T also used revenue from the more lucrative long distance routes between metropolitan centers to subsidize service to small towns and rural areas, where a call from a rural area in Maine to a rural area in California would be billed at the same per minute rate as one from New York City to Los Angeles. Businesses were not allowed to set up private long distance networks between corporate locations. Also prohibited were call centers, where callers could rendezvous. Family members might coordinate a time for a weekly phone call. The railroads were in an excellent position to use their rights of way to provide long distance circuits and have the call centers in railroad stations. Furthermore, the TV networks were required to lease circuits from common carriers, instead of building their own communication networks, and that revenue was shared.
      The revenue subsidies allowed AT&T to hold on to its long distance monopoly. Competitors would offer lower cost service on the more lucrative routes and leave AT&T to handle the rural areas. When AT&T was broken up, the courts managed to deal with that problem.