How to Make a Battery Protection Circuit (over-discharge protection)
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 26 ก.ย. 2024
- In this video I will show you how to build a simple lithium battery protection circuit, so you can power your homemade projects without ever worrying about over discharging your battery.
Circuit diagrams:
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How to use lithium batteries safely:
www.maxamps.com...
More info on battery measurements:
• 🔋 Battery amp-hour, wa...
Parts links:
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Alarm circuit: www.ebay.com/sc...
Relay: DSP1a-L2-DC5V
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(select one of the distributors - price is around $5)
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Music by Kevin McLeod and Löhstana David
*This battery reconditioning program exceeded my presumptions. It worked on any drill battery, several AA and AAA batteries, **batery.repair** and any camera battery. The steps are simple and the act itself is exciting to do. No matter what type of battery you`ve got, it is sure to function again!*
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@James Brannan petty Good i also recommended
@@michellegoodman5109 right
By the way, put that paypal stuff as a link, or make it much more visible somehow. There is nothing wrong with monetizing quality contents like this. And I'd like to compliment you on your commenting style too, very clear and easy to understand.You have made a huge improvement from some of the earlier videos!
I donated a couple of dollars to this. It's incredibly well produced, easy to understand. Highly recommended.
Dude thank you for churning out these videos! The level of detail and care to educate are awesome. Thank you again.
Really well explained! For me what I learned most from was where you ran the almost-completed circuit just to show that the last wire from the button was needed to turn the relay off. A novice like me would never have caught on to that if you hadn't explained it so well, and that kind of teaching is the greatest! Keep it up, your projects are really fun to watch.
I am really impressed by the quality of your videos! The animations and overlays are exactly where they're need every time, and they even have sound effects.
Coupled with the excellent technical knowledge displayed in your content, I am a really happy subscriber!
Keep making videos, please.
9 years later, still GOLDWORTH thank you very much!
If this were any better, I could listen once and do it in my sleep. Thanks for such clear and concise instructions!!
So clear, concise, and free of any requirement to understand electrical circuits to any depth. Congratulations!
SUPERB quality as always! You should have your own TV show or something!
He does; it's called DIY Perks and it's on TH-cam. =)
I know this isn't really related to the video, but I find your voice and presentation style rather relaxing.
I see that you cut your stripboard with a hacksaw. Have you tried scoring the board on both sides with a box cutter, and snapping it off? It works wonders!
***** I'll try that next time. Thanks for the tip!
+DIY Perks With a steel straightedge. If you angle the blade a little different each pass you can get a little curl to come out of your cut. Then lay a piece of sandpaper on your bench and rub your cut end on that a little. You get a nice clean straight edge. Polished even.
You make the best videos! Brief but thorough description of the underlying basics, great links to resources and background info, very clear description of steps in the project with caveats. I watched many of your videos even though I dont even consider building the shown projects, but just for the knowledge gained and your way of explaining things.
Thank you.
Very nicely done Sir! Also, thank you for taking the time to make this very complete and easy to follow. Such a necessary item!
I love your videos so much. Even if I have no intention in making what is shown, the video is always so professionally done and I learn so much. Keep up the great work
love your latch relay animations, good work!
I absolutely love your videos and this project! I was designing a lipo protection circuit and came across this which saved me tons of time and money going with the little buzzer board! Fair Warning, Depending on the relay you get the the reset and de-energized coils might be flipped. Check Relay before soldering everything up or in my case designing and ordering a PCBs LOL. I do have a gerber file for the PCB and a component BOM which I would be happy to share in case anyone wants to build one of these themselves, it will make it a lot easier. All Credit goes to DIY Perks!
Hi there, I am working on a 18v battery protection circuit. A gerber file for a PCB would work great. Could you please share a link/file to the gerber file and a BOM? What circuit did you protect? I really appreciate it!.
Your videos have a fantastic production standard! It's lovely. :)
Hi, I'm looking to make a power swap automatic system, maybe that's not the correct name for it but is basically a system that works on two independent batteries and will use one at a time, and then I will disconnect one of them and the system will switch automatically to the other battery always keeping the system energized. I'm new about electronics so it will be helpful if you give me a link that explains how to make something like that. Thanks.
ATS : Automatic Transfer Switch
Cool if u find one please do comment about it here
i love your editing style, it's so clean and nice
How do you edit the overlay effects on your videos? They make a nice touch to understand the steps
Filip Babic thanks
Thanks for sharing this. I've put this design to use a couple of different ways. Great idea. Works as advertised!
The Problem of this design is that the battery warning module uses just one of the lipo cells to power it and two cells to power the buzzers...if you leave this circuit working for a few days the first lipo cell will be far out of balance because it had to power the module all the time with its red led display. But still a good design for short time high power usage.
But this being a discharger, you shouldn't be walking away from it anyways and should be disconnecting it as soon as it's done.
@@pontiacdriver999 This isn't a discharge load, this is a discharge protection circuit. This cuts the connection when the battery is discharged.
That should be fine, you need a balance charger to recharge the battery anyways.
Any suggestion of how to improve the design?
Great video. Your detail is amazing and appreciated! Keep up the good work!
A nice piece of electrical engineering that almost anyone could make - good job.
Living in Norway, finding these parts in a store is close to impossible, would you be able to link the parts, or parts that will work? (like the strip board and all the other parts not listed in the description) I already got all my parts for the LED panel, and currently you are the only one out there who can make a video on something as complicated as this, while still being able to explain it really well and understandable, even for guys new to circuitboards, such as myself! DIY Perks
wow, 3 years 0 replies from anyone, ill try chip in
i have a recommendation for you, go check out a dude called great scott (th-cam.com/users/greatscottlab)
it is kinda hardcore electronics, but he does explanation videos of SO MANY THINGS!!
he also has absolutely great battery protection circuits that he designed from scratch (kinda) in his videos
they are for Li-ion rather than Li-Po, but its the same theory
he also has videos of what goes wrong if you intentionally over-discharge and short circuit and things like that
very good for education :)
I don't know what the situation was back in 2014 when this video was made, but these days (2017) you can get complete battery charger and protection circuits from China through sites like eBay for peanuts (or pretty near).
I built a supplementary external battery pack for my laptop using a balance charger+protection board. The pack uses a dozen 3700mAH 18650 cells in a 4P3S arrangement (4 cells in parallel in each group, and each group in series for 11.1V at 44400mAH). The output goes through a double-pole switch to a buck-boost converter which provides a steady 19V output at a maximum of 8 amps, so it runs cool.
The only real down-side is that using a standard laptop charger which provides only 4.5 amps, it takes around 12 hours to fully charge my battery pack. :p
But it works, and I made it myself! :)
Wow, I would have left at least a track between the battery leads man. Also, when I use boards like this, I find using a drill bit twisted between your fingers is much better for breaking tracks. Yes, it wastes a "pad" but it's loads cleaner, and also adds anti tracking. If you have an old school printer ink refill kit kicking round, you have the ideal tool for the job.
At 7:08 - The high current wires are only separated by the gap between the VERO strips. I would certainly insulate the gap between the wires further - a good blob of hot glue, e.g.
For a version 2, I’d separate these wires by a complete copper strip, and remove the copper from that strip beside the solder joints.
Having seen the power of LiPo batteries of this modelling type, I’m very twitchy - with my safety hat on - that you have put the two ends so close together on the VERO board. The model motor could be drawing 50-100 Amps. The smallest fault here could burn out the VEROboard track, with an associated fire risk.
I’ve been doing model LiPo projects in a School for a while, where we watch the safety aspects very closely.
Otherwise, a great and clearly explained video.
Matt Lee, (aged 56, with a related degree.)
This technique is so cool. you could wire leds or apliances or anything to stuff.. It all makes sense now
I rarely comment on any video, but today I'd like to thank you. I always been passionate about this electronics "medium/easy" I have equipment but never felt confident to use it. Really good video. I think voltages in US are different that here in Spain, but anyway, I found the video absolutely didactic. I am considering a small donation by the way.
Good video. Clear and simplistic with great animation.
You should have a website where people can buy all of the things in your videos
Great Project! I Bulit a special discharge circuit for discharge 6S Lipos. I need more than 8 or so amps. My circuit can take up to 70A :-) Thanks for the inspiration!
You know, those main power cables, the thick ones, so close together, scare me. Especially with the solder connections barely touching. I'd prefer them having a blank rail between them. Batteries in general scare me in DIY electronics, mainly because I fear they might blow up on me. So I haven't done a lot with them.
jorenmartijn Insulation and proper connections are the key in DIY projects. I tend to be careful with that stuff too so if your worried as i am, then superglue some plastic between the leads and as extra you can put some rubber glue over the leads+ the rails. I also recommend stuffing all that inside project box securely, even if it goes inside another project box with the battery.
Added safety note would be to add plexy glass side of the box and quick opening system(if you want to save the circuit system that is), so if your battery starts to swell, you can see it, quickly open the box and trow the battery on the non flamable surface. Usually lipo battery dont explode, but its like mini flametrower.
First signs of imminent battery failure is the swelling and heat, what fallows smoke witch is the point of no return what gives you seconds to react, before possible flames, so keep your eyes in the swelling and everything so it can be rapidly removed.
Hope this helps! :)
Hellsong89, thanks for the explanation!
That would definatly be a problem if they were from battery + and -, however since if they short the worst thing is you've bypassed the relay it's fine.
I know this is 2 years old but What I do is use connectors. Solder connectors and test that non of them have any resistance to the other side and just connect them afterwards :) the only times I have to touch batteries basically is when changing their socket
Great job providing detail info. Just a couple of comments and one question.Someone else commented that they would have left an extra track on the board to provide wider spacing between the positive and negative track to the battery. That is good idea as that is where the major power is supplied. I do have question about the relay. The coil is 5V, but the contacts do not appear to be properly rated and it may cause a problem. considering it may be used to cut or supply power to a power tool......power tools can draw 30-50amps(50 amps locked rotor). Yes the relay contact is rated at 2000VA, but at 240V , so it can only handle less than 10amps. Am I missing something?
This is great. Even a lunk like me could follow this. My real issue is that I want a protection circuit for overcharging as well so I can keep the battery connected to the item I'm powering.
Thanks for this clear and well-thought-out explanation.
When DIY Perks has your back
Awesome! You should do more projects using 18650 batteries like Rinoa Super-Genius and his electric bike.
Just what I was looking for to make my battery discharger.
Thanks. Very detailed and nice for us with little electric knowledge. Maybe now I can try and do the battery drill li-ion conversion you showed earlier. I was hesitant about that because I was a little scared of what would happen WHEN i forgot to turn it off and under discharged it.
This is a really great video. will remain useful to others forever; thanks!
Someone's been playing with After Effects...? Much improved production quality Matt, well done!
Why wouldnt you just interrupt the negative wire on the alarm? It seems alot easier then that changeover switch.
You interrupt at the supply, not after it
thank you ! I have the same question, it seems over engineered. And everybody says that the explanations are clear, i really don't think so, it's very confusing.
if have tought of a different setup for the switch for people that might put the battery away for a long time. You dont want it to drop to low when you put it away for a few months. My idea was to put the sensor ground trough the relay also, so if the voltage drops to low and the relay cuts it off and sensor board will be of too. And then when you connect the charger there should be voltage and the sensor board gets power again because that is all connected to the charger side of the relay then. And because the board has power the relay will close the connection and turn the battery back on.
And if you want to use this system in a power tool better or something make a push button switch on it that gets pushed in when the battery is in place instead of the on off switch DIY Perks suggests.
How do you set the alarm voltage?
I built mine using some passives, including a zener diode array, which drives a mosfet as long as the voltage is above a certain treshold. It works, but it sometimes oscillates, when the battery voltage jumps back up again.
There's one important thing missing, that might kill the voltage alarm: a freewheeling diode across the relay coil. Whenever you switch an inductive load (basically any coil, e. g. in a motor, relay, transformer) off, it will create a voltage spike. That can easily kill your switching transistors (in this case inside the voltage alarm).
Another thing to consider: the voltage alarm (which in in turn keeps the relais coil under current all the time when the voltage is low) will still draw current from the battery even if the main load has been switched off due to low voltage. It won't be much, but a small battery may be drained by that over time. So you shouldn't see that as a battery protection that's unattended for days.
do you have a similar project that correct this issues? I'm a noob at electronics so any help would be excellent.
Thank you very much for this, I have been looking for exactly this for long time. I myself just lacked the insight in how to go about but do own have the components already. Absolutely wonderful ! Thank you again. Only wish I could buy this a commercial unit that would we a bit smaller. The best circuit I saw since a long time. A find myself quite looking up to you.
cheap and simple
just work very fine
Fantastic DIY tutorial! I've been looking foward to this one.
you can make an overdischarge protection circuit with a zener diode and an N channel mosfet.
thank you for making this video it has given me an idea of how to make my cricut for my bluetooth headphones
There is actually a low voltage cutoff available on eBay for LiPo batteries, and features a brownout delay (it doesn't switch off if the voltage dips below the set cutoff momentarily). Just search for LiPo low voltage cutoff. Be advised, the model I found is for 2S LiPos. There possibly are different models for more cell count.
Most of that went over my head but I love the production value
i'd also add a led to let you know the disconnect has been 'enabled'... else you might press the button and if the relay doesn't latch, then your stuffed! otherwise, awsome use of those little alarms as a LVC!
Yea yes yes yes yes I have been waiting for this one ever since you said you was working on it, definitely gonna watch this one later and more than likely build one.
Great videos always super helpful. Never knew to do this with my LIPO projects. I was wondering how this would change if you wanted to run say 3 Lipo batteries in parralel to get more amp hours. For the battery #2 would you use the pins 4-6 on the lipo alarm? Also to connect a 3rd battery would it be as simple as connecting a second lipo alarm parallel with the relay where the capacitor is?
Amazing DIY video! I've been looking for something like this, thank you!
Good one. Can you make a video describing how to include the direct battery charging connector without unpluging the connector from the battery protection circuit?
One more tip - if you are dealing with relays, add so called clamper (also called flyback, frewheeling diode) diode in parallel to the coil. It's a good rule of thumb when working with inductive loads
If I may suggest...
You have the high-power leads soldered directly adjacent to each other. When possible it can be safer (and easier) to solder them offset by several holes to each other; preferably in both axes, but at least one axis. It may not look as "neat" as side-by-side connections, but it will be safer during operation (the high-profile solder points less likely to be shorted by something and more forgiving of human hand jitters while soldering). Sometimes it can be difficult to make large volume solder connections so close to each other without accidentally creating a solder bridge between the adjacent solder point. Then you have to clean-up and perhaps redo both connection points because a wire became skewed or even detached from the pad(s) and so on.
What if we used the uppermost comparator of that led bar display IC as a reference for another comparator which would power on the circuit if battery voltage was less than reference voltage? This would have the advantage of integrating overvoltage protection into a battery charge indicator circuit.
for a off switch, why can't you just add one on the smaller wired plug say over the negative?
Before you go and buy one of these low voltage buzzers note that there are 2 versions, one that beeps once (like in the video) and one that beeps twice. The one that beeps twice won't work because when the low voltage is triggered it will beep every second causing your circuit to alternate on/off.
Great tutorial! Was curious: could you suggest alternative 5v relays?
very nice build. good advise and hints
DIY Perks thank you for this video. I build the circuit like in your video but I have a problem. It seems that my alarm does not remember the set voltage cut off after I unplug it. It always shows a set voltage of 2.7 volts after unplugging und plugging it again. Is my alarm broken? I do not want to open the case to set the voltage cut off again after unplugging it :(
I am using an 18v Lithium battery from Ryobi to power my light. These batteries have a protection circuit built in!
Some cheap batteries doesn't :)
Excellent! Well made and exactly what I was looking for. Thank you!
what a neat DIY love it
Greeting from Morocco
Excellent idea and well explained instructable. I especially liked how annotations and switch animation remained aligned with objects during camera rotation. Can I ask what software was this done with?
1000000% making one, just what i need for my 100w led torch thanks
Brilliant work! Thanks for sharing, most useful.
Great vid and great idea. I'm a novice when it comes to electronics components specs and don't want to purchase the wrong parts. Could we please get a details parts list (e.g. diode, resistor relay...)? Thank you.
great video and tutorial.
may i ask if this can be use for 2S lipo ?
Thanks in advance
hello, you mentioned using a diode between the 2nd relay coil and the 3rd pin of the battery monitor. In the final configuration however you say that when switching off the changeover switch the current is reversed (through the 82ohm res and through the relay coil). Surely the diode blocks current through the last switch in the changeover switch and hence no current is seen through the wire to the actual relay? so what is the mutual connection to the -ve output power for?
DIY Perks Cant you just put a switch between your battery and the project your powering, say on the ground wire? Then it would be powered off right?
You are a hero!
I'm going to attempt your LED light board project!
Wish me luck lol.
Great video. I built the system with all the parts you've shown us. How do you set the voltage value on the alarm? I did a test of the circuit, the light stayed after a voltage drop to 3.2v, so I unplugged it for another recharge. I guess I missed this part in the setup.
+Phillip Darlington Ah. Just read online, you just press a button on the display while the battery is plugged in. It will shuttle to the desired setting if you continually press it.
100 uf capacitor are also used in some dash of a car like a Honda dash speaker
This question is not really related to the video but...
I have absolutely zero knowledge of electronics and I really want to get to know some basics (like how capacitors work, and how to fully understand schemes like yours at 3:00... stuff like that) so may I ask you if do you have any suggestions for books or manuals for beginners?
such a nice video! easy to understand and and made!!
is there a good reason to use this over a standard bms? or was this just for educational sake?
I know nothing about electronics but I race RC competitively and have been wanting to make one of these for a while. But I have a question for you. For competition purposes, I would like to discharge batteries at 40 amps. Would this relay (or the circuit for that matter) be able to take that much of a draw. If not, do you have any way of helping achieve it. Thanks for the video. I will be making one of these shortly.
also does this circuit notice unevenly discharged batteries? I.e cutting off when one battery is at 3.7 but another may be at 2.5?
Even after breaking main circuit, battery is still drained up by lipo monitor. What about "over-discharge protection" which will cut off absolutely current? Battery will be leave for few days without supervision.
Do this with a racing quad and have it fall out of the sky hahah
Are these absolutely necessary?
I’m new to drones and I’d just purchased a SKYRC IMAX B6AC V2 and two Hubsan batteries for my Hubsan 501S X4 drone. I’m trying to buy the NECESSARY items to keep my batteries and drone in optimal shape, but every time I buy something I see something else that SEEMS like it must be purchased...?
So, I’m just trying to see if this is something I truly need? Or, is it an option? I’m all for making life easier, by having the right tools, etc. but I don’t even know how to use the darn charger yet (on order) and I still keep finding “goodies” to purchase for my and my daughters new hobby.
Is it really NEEDED? And where could I find more info in regards to these?
Thanks everyone!
Best
Would this work on a 30amp discharger?
Great video!! I don't need one of those, but I just watched the video because it's so well done! It's a pleasure to watch you welding! :)
May I ask you one thing I'm curious about? What editing software are you using for your videos? I mean, specially for those wonderful text effects you are using at 0:42 or the diagrams you make at 1:38. It looks very professional! Keep sharing videos! You're really good at it!
Alberto Martinsen I usually use After Effects for any special visual sections :)
OK, thanks! It looks awesome! Congratulations again for your videos! Really looking forward for the next! :). And regards from Norway!
Are circuits like this necessary for lithium ion drill battery packs? Or does the drills battery pack all ready have this
Great! I wonder how much this circuit draws (after disconnecting an empty battery). I would like to have a similar circuit, +which powers itself totally off,* once the battery is low. Reason is, that I might not be around when the battery is empty, or just forget do disconnect it... Any suggestions?
Great project mate - could I use a 9 - 12Vdc Latching relay (since it is receiving nom 7.4VDC across the coils) rather then dropping the voltage with a resistor - much more efficient; haven't looked into the current consumption of these two coils at this stage but think it would not really be a concern given the momentary activation of the relay during use? Appreciate your advice, please? Cheers from Down Under.
you know i always wondered why electrical and electronic technology never had much A students despite how impossible pure mathematics can be (yet u'll always see As) and i think i see why. maybe its because i dont have fundamental knowledge on any of this circuitry and wiring but damn that seems easily confusing yet beautifully rewarding to accomplish. some clever stuff right here
Excellent, now I won't have to buy a rather expensive Low voltage cto..Thanks!
Hi, great video. Would this work for a 20 volt Li-ion battery conversion for a drill?
Couldn't you add an inductor instead of the switch so that as the alarm is sounded when it's first turned on or plugged in it doesn't reach the relay? as there is no current allowed initially? and then once the inductor is charged it will just act as a wire?
Just something that occurred to me, i think it would make the whole circuit a little bit easier to use, appreciate if anyone has any feedback as i'm looking to make something similar myself
I wonder if this could be altered to protect 12v sealed lead acid batteries?