Great Video.....I have been studying this stuffs in Silico for a year now , but I didnt have teh chance to see a real working DSSC so far...this video made it easier for me to see a real example ...Thanks
Hi Neal, Thanks for the informative video. If I want to conduct more than one trial for this experiment, will I be able to reuse the TiO2 covered tin oxide glass for the next trials, or will I have to use a new piece of glass?
Hi, I think you need a new one since the dye from the fruit is already with the TiO2. But also, if you have done the project, did you use non-nano TiO2, or nano TiO2 P25? Or no P25? Thanks!
@kam03m: the titania layer, which is titanium dioxide, the stuff in sunscreen, has enough thickness to separate the glass plates from each-other. On a different note, the anthocyanin dyes absorb light energy and transfer it to the titania semiconductor layer, which then transfers it to the indium-tin oxide glass and to the rest of the circuit. The electrons return to the cathode, where they combine with the carbon graphite, which is oxidized and then reduced by the triiodide electrolyte. Just a
The resistance on the wrong side should be infinite meaning there is an infinitely high resistance to electron flow. If the ITO glass is high quality, there is no contact resistance, or the multimeter is not very precise, than you will observe 0 Ohms rather than 20-30.
If the TiO2 is not sticking when heated, it is most likely due to the paste being too thick. If it flakes BEFORE being heated (but after drying) it is due to the paste being too thin.
@manilaenglish Votlage is based on the cell (max around 500 mv). If you want to increase voltage, you need to wire in series. I would not make the cells larger than 25mm x 25 mm. After that, the current drops. Cost: I don't know on a per cell basis.
@frostvectron Volume ratio is defined by molarity. I would suggest obtaining the compounds individually, then making the solution. The triiodide complex is in ethylene glycol, not water. Water will kill the cell. You need about ONE DROP of solution per cell.
wow this video is so good, thanks guys, but as i did with the other video you had uploaded before , i have the same question here too, please ,the titaniun doixide layer won't stick to the glas when i heat it up , can you help me please, it is a heatproblem or do i have a too think layer?
You'd probably have to find a reseller for the glass. It is made by Pilkington in the US and Asahi in Japan in large quantities. We get it from a small company called Hartford Glass in Indiana, US.
What would you estimate the $ / Watt to be with this type of cell? Also, will this same method / procedure work with larger pieces of conductive glass (1-2 feet square vs 1 inch square)?
Hi, great experiment! Thank you for this. Could you provide me the concentration of Nitric Acid and the redox electrolite? iodine and KI? I really aprreciate it
@frostvectron I would suggest chemistry labs or chemical suppliers. Iodine is hard to get a hold of these days. You can also buy the whole DSSC kit from the Institute for Chemical Education.
@onlyjustice04 The resistance should be close to 0 ohm. Certainly not infinite, which is the other option. Yes, the cell needs to be sintered. If it is flaking/peeling even after sintering, I would guess that the paste was too thick.
Ok, so the excited electrons are injected into the conduction band of the Ti02 then they move towards the black alligator clip because of the electrical field created by the depletion region in the electrolyte. They are suppose to travel through the multimeter then recombine with the electrolyte completing the circuit. But since the both conducting sides of the glass are touching each other why doesn't the electron follow the path of least resistance and jump directly to the cathode?
Titanium dioxide (titania) w/small amts of nitric acid for mixing fluorine-droped tin oxide glass berry juice (raspberry or blackberry) redox electrolyte (iodine, potassium iodide, ethylene glycol) Scotch tape for making borders
can the TCO glass that have been heated with titania paste be used again for another try of pigment sticking? Or in another words, can the TCO glass be used again if the first try is failed?
@nabrams1 I am looking at Sigma Aldrich for the ingredients for the electrolyte solution. They have KI and iodine solutions in water in the concentrations you had specified. What was the volume ratio of 0.5M KI, 0.05M Iodine, and EG that was used? Thanks again!
+Olof Enström There should be a space to avoid a short circuit. In our research we are using a carbon disk from Floppy Disk or simple transparent tape.
I would not expect the cell to dry out since the redox electrolyte is made using ethylene glycol. Instead, I would think the anthocyanin dyes oxidized, turning the cell a brownish color. If it turned completely white, either the redox electrolyte was not correct or the cell was exposed to a large amount of heat and UV light.
Thank you for the video. Do you have a detailed video about how to make a solid-state Dye sensitized solar cell? If not can you make one? Thank you in advance.
Anybody know where to get the material, The glass, Tio2, and redox electrolyte. I went to home depot and they didn't have it anyone knows if there is a store like that, I don't want to order the materials online.
TiO2 (E330) is adding to food , for example cottage cheese. Its normally avaiable in chemistry store (the best form is anatase). Redox electrolyte you can make using iod in potassium iodide mixing in glycol ethylene. The problem is the ITO or SnO2 glass. I can make it in a magnetron sputtering machine. The electrode must be transparent and conductive, it can be made chemically. It's not simple to make this cell at home without intermediate components. It's hard to check the efficiency of this battery. On this film they show only Voltage. But how about current ? If you want to make a battery only for an experiment, use a citric acid as an electrolyte (saturated solution in water). It can produce about 0,7 V , but the current is relatively low (about 0,5 mA) per 1 cm2 area of DSSC. Remember that preparation of each part of the cell has a strong importance to achieve a satisfactory final result.
I would think aluminum foil could be the layer with titanium oxide added to it since it is conductive and has no need to transmit light. The conductive glass as a bottom layer is silly since it becomes opaque to sunlight once it is coated.
Did you try blackberry, blueberries, or raspberries? Apparently they are the ones with anthocyanins which are really good at transferring electrons from the Iodide to the TiO2. Green leaves should do something but may not have have as great of an effect. I heard strawberries just don't work for some reason.
+Chuck Faber Thanks for The reply! I actually tried again with mulberries, eggplant, strawberry, spinach with carbon coating instead of titanium and different titanium dioxide. And it worked! somehow, eggplant and spinach somehow generated quite a lot of electricity, but mulberry obviously had the most
plz help me out :-( ..no working on my cell...can i get a result if i use eggplant,red grapes,Red Spinach...how can i prepare appropriate electrolyte solution??? & any difference has between titania & titanium di oxide??? plz reply me asap ..plzz
Can anybody tell me if these cells will continue to work in the long term? I'm looking to make one of these on a larger scale to power a small fish tank, and I need to be sure that it will hold up for months at a time. If they don't last, is there any way to extend their lifetime?
Yes, there are ways to extend the lifetime of cells (most likely by creating a fully enclosed DSSC), but the cell made by this person will not produce the same output for very long because the dye on the titanium(IV) oxide will decompose when not supplied with an electron by the iodine solution. The iodide solution can evaporate and cause the electrons to not reach the dye molecules at the same initial pace.
Great Video.....I have been studying this stuffs in Silico for a year now , but I didnt have teh chance to see a real working DSSC so far...this video made it easier for me to see a real example ...Thanks
Hi Neal, Thanks for the informative video.
If I want to conduct more than one trial for this experiment, will I be able to reuse the TiO2 covered tin oxide glass for the next trials, or will I have to use a new piece of glass?
Hi, I think you need a new one since the dye from the fruit is already with the TiO2. But also, if you have done the project, did you use non-nano TiO2, or nano TiO2 P25? Or no P25? Thanks!
@kam03m: the titania layer, which is titanium dioxide, the stuff in sunscreen, has enough thickness to separate the glass plates from each-other. On a different note, the anthocyanin dyes absorb light energy and transfer it to the titania semiconductor layer, which then transfers it to the indium-tin oxide glass and to the rest of the circuit. The electrons return to the cathode, where they combine with the carbon graphite, which is oxidized and then reduced by the triiodide electrolyte. Just a
without titania layer ,there never be solar cell
14 year ago content and i'm watching it in 2024 🥲
Me too..🗿
Same
Same watching this for my PG project 😭
The resistance on the wrong side should be infinite meaning there is an infinitely high resistance to electron flow. If the ITO glass is high quality, there is no contact resistance, or the multimeter is not very precise, than you will observe 0 Ohms rather than 20-30.
What is the alternative chemicals to TiO2?. Can I use Al2O3, SiO3, Calcium Silicate or Aluminium Silicate?
If the TiO2 is not sticking when heated, it is most likely due to the paste being too thick. If it flakes BEFORE being heated (but after drying) it is due to the paste being too thin.
@manilaenglish Votlage is based on the cell (max around 500 mv). If you want to increase voltage, you need to wire in series. I would not make the cells larger than 25mm x 25 mm. After that, the current drops. Cost: I don't know on a per cell basis.
What concertation is the nitric acid you are using for the paste?
What about using graphene instead of the pencil lead followed with a catylist of peroxide or other high hydrogen content synthetic.
@frostvectron Volume ratio is defined by molarity. I would suggest obtaining the compounds individually, then making the solution. The triiodide complex is in ethylene glycol, not water. Water will kill the cell. You need about ONE DROP of solution per cell.
so cool...awesome! u just sparked an interest in me for DSSCs.
Could you give us a list of the material you used to make this?
wow this video is so good, thanks guys, but as i did with the other video you had uploaded before , i have the same question here too, please ,the titaniun doixide layer won't stick to the glas when i heat it up , can you help me please, it is a heatproblem or do i have a too think layer?
You'd probably have to find a reseller for the glass. It is made by Pilkington in the US and Asahi in Japan in large quantities. We get it from a small company called Hartford Glass in Indiana, US.
where do I get the Titanium dioxide and the conductive glass
+Seni Yusuf Let me know if you want some TCO glass, we have a big production in China.
+Maoan Zhou I just got the Titanium dioxide but I still don't have a conductive glass
Try ordering from ice.chem.wisc.edu/. They sell the materials pretty cheaply.
It is very nice presentation Professor. Thank you very much
What would you estimate the $ / Watt to be with this type of cell? Also, will this same method / procedure work with larger pieces of conductive glass (1-2 feet square vs 1 inch square)?
Interesting. Can it br bigger to generate more power? Like in 50w solar panel is the on uo to what watts,?
Hi, great experiment! Thank you for this. Could you provide me the concentration of Nitric Acid and the redox electrolite? iodine and KI? I really aprreciate it
nice video but you did not show the part where the glass was coated
.thanks for sharing
Watching this in 2019. This cool and informative. What is the principle of this die cell
@MrSolarenergy As long as the smaller cells are wired in series. Small cells are pretty much the only way to go to obtain any useful current.
Generally, annealing at 400-450 degrees C will suffice.
Very crude, works well especially considering the cleanliness involved.
@frostvectron I would suggest chemistry labs or chemical suppliers. Iodine is hard to get a hold of these days. You can also buy the whole DSSC kit from the Institute for Chemical Education.
@onlyjustice04 The resistance should be close to 0 ohm. Certainly not infinite, which is the other option.
Yes, the cell needs to be sintered. If it is flaking/peeling even after sintering, I would guess that the paste was too thick.
Just knowing the voltage is not much use. What is the power output of the device?
Does the electrolyte separate the two pieces of conducting glass completely?
how can one get around the annealing stage so a layer could be sprayed on to a large pannel . my autobody oven will only cook to 210 degrees
Ok, so the excited electrons are injected into the conduction band of the Ti02 then they move towards the black alligator clip because of the electrical field created by the depletion region in the electrolyte. They are suppose to travel through the multimeter then recombine with the electrolyte completing the circuit. But since the both conducting sides of the glass are touching each other why doesn't the electron follow the path of least resistance and jump directly to the cathode?
Can you please let me know the detailed procedure for the synthesis of redox couple.
did you use ITO or FTO???
Titanium dioxide (titania) w/small amts of nitric acid for mixing
fluorine-droped tin oxide glass
berry juice (raspberry or blackberry)
redox electrolyte (iodine, potassium iodide, ethylene glycol)
Scotch tape for making borders
@manilaenglish You can encase the cell in Surlyn (like plastic wrap) an remove air, but oxidation is inevitable.
could i use a copper or brass backing instead of indium doped tin oxide glass?
I do not see any errors with this portion. Please elaborate.
Can a lime , potato , grapefruit , or tomato work as well ?
can the TCO glass that have been heated with titania paste be used again for another try of pigment sticking? Or in another words, can the TCO glass be used again if the first try is failed?
@snnvxnr Pretty close. The electrons don't "combine" with the graphite. The carbon is a catalyst for the reduction of the triiodide electrolyte.
for the iodide electrolyte, can polyethylene glycol be used along with iodine and potassium iodide to make it?
What disolvent did you use for the electrolite solution?
It's awesome. Can the cells be attached together, so that the output voltage is increased like connecting in series??
How long will these last?
How do you make sure that the titanium dioxide coating doesn't shatter when the dye is applied?
heating bro.. heating
It worked, thanks!
Can I use red grapes instead of balckberry?
How much voltage would it give in the presence of sunlight ?
Mine reached 261 mV in the evening sun
hey can i use tincture of iodine solution instead of tri iodide solution
Can you please tell me how to measure the conductivity of a polymeric electrolyte?
thanks for anwering my question, but what's the temp. i have to heat with so that it sticks ? is it about 500 celcius
Can we use ethanol instead of isopropanol?
This has probably been asked before, but where can you get conductive glass? I'm in Sydney Australia ..
@nabrams1 I am looking at Sigma Aldrich for the ingredients for the electrolyte solution. They have KI and iodine solutions in water in the concentrations you had specified. What was the volume ratio of 0.5M KI, 0.05M Iodine, and EG that was used?
Thanks again!
@steven6chen polyethylene glycol is a solid at room temperature. Do you mean ethylene glycol? That is the solvent for the electrolyte.
Can any one tell me what is the concentration of HNO3 to make the paste of TiO2?
anybody can explain what redox electrolyte he is using? plzzzzz
God Day
I can not find electrolyte. Where did you find electrolyte.
Is there anything else i can use instead electrolyte?
Wear gloves.
Wear gloves.
wear gloves pls!
Legend dont wear gloves
He’s a Professional!....🤓
Wear gloves
Why doesn't the conductive glass create a short when it is in contact with itself?
Because they are not in contact. Its a thin film (tape) around the dyed area.
+Piotr Lichograj Isn't the tape removed after the TiO2 is added to the glass? Or does he just not mention that he leaves some behind?
+Olof Enström There should be a space to avoid a short circuit. In our research we are using a carbon disk from Floppy Disk or simple transparent tape.
Hi Mr. Abrams! Is the second piece of glass coded in graphite also a piece of fluorine-droped tin oxide glass or just a normal piece of glass?
that is also FTO
@scum525
There are other methods, but the annealing is needed for this simple preparation.
What is the function of the dye
I would not expect the cell to dry out since the redox electrolyte is made using ethylene glycol. Instead, I would think the anthocyanin dyes oxidized, turning the cell a brownish color. If it turned completely white, either the redox electrolyte was not correct or the cell was exposed to a large amount of heat and UV light.
gimme a break . . . how do I get conductive glass?
it is commercially sold. search for FTO or ITO glass substrate/slide
What happens if I use Mn doped ZnO in stead of TiO2?
Thank you for the video. Do you have a detailed video about how to make a solid-state Dye sensitized solar cell? If not can you make one? Thank you in advance.
How you know how long is the useful life of a cell ??
هل يمكن استخدام التوت الازرق ؟
@psicodelio in Soviet Russia blackberry plants are solar cells.
I know this is an old post, but how hot should my hot plate be?
@S1KRYD I'd guess
Sir How long it can be used
Anybody know where to get the material, The glass, Tio2, and redox electrolyte. I went to home depot and they didn't have it anyone knows if there is a store like that, I don't want to order the materials online.
TiO2 (E330) is adding to food , for example cottage cheese. Its normally avaiable in chemistry store (the best form is anatase). Redox electrolyte you can make using iod in potassium iodide mixing in glycol ethylene. The problem is the ITO or SnO2 glass. I can make it in a magnetron sputtering machine. The electrode must be transparent and conductive, it can be made chemically. It's not simple to make this cell at home without intermediate components. It's hard to check the efficiency of this battery. On this film they show only Voltage. But how about current ? If you want to make a battery only for an experiment, use a citric acid as an electrolyte (saturated solution in water). It can produce about 0,7 V , but the current is relatively low (about 0,5 mA) per 1 cm2 area of DSSC. Remember that preparation of each part of the cell has a strong importance to achieve a satisfactory final result.
Piotr Lichograj E330 use C6H8O7 and no TiO2 on it
+Alain Iblex E171 of course ;) . I was mistaken.
I would think aluminum foil could be the layer with titanium oxide added to it since it is conductive and has no need to transmit light. The conductive glass as a bottom layer is silly since it becomes opaque to sunlight once it is coated.
Only TiO2 will work, maybe ZnO. The oxides you mention are not semiconductors.
i created 12 small dssc and none of them work, i used strawberry, red cabbage, green leaves, and carrot dye, any help?
Did you try blackberry, blueberries, or raspberries? Apparently they are the ones with anthocyanins which are really good at transferring electrons from the Iodide to the TiO2. Green leaves should do something but may not have have as great of an effect. I heard strawberries just don't work for some reason.
+Chuck Faber
Thanks for The reply! I actually tried again with mulberries, eggplant, strawberry, spinach with carbon coating instead of titanium and different titanium dioxide. And it worked! somehow, eggplant and spinach somehow generated quite a lot of electricity, but mulberry obviously had the most
How to scale up?
Try LCD screen from laptops...
plz help me out :-( ..no working on my cell...can i get a result if i use eggplant,red grapes,Red Spinach...how can i prepare appropriate electrolyte solution??? & any difference has between titania & titanium di oxide??? plz reply me asap ..plzz
Can anybody tell me if these cells will continue to work in the long term? I'm looking to make one of these on a larger scale to power a small fish tank, and I need to be sure that it will hold up for months at a time. If they don't last, is there any way to extend their lifetime?
Yes, there are ways to extend the lifetime of cells (most likely by creating a fully enclosed DSSC), but the cell made by this person will not produce the same output for very long because the dye on the titanium(IV) oxide will decompose when not supplied with an electron by the iodine solution. The iodide solution can evaporate and cause the electrons to not reach the dye molecules at the same initial pace.
@@MarkDeAwesome What about adding a polymer stabilizer? maybe embed the pigment in a sheet of plastic instead too
@kavinash85 This should work in theory (same iodide complex), but there is probably too much water in the tincture for it to work.
What are the materials
@nabrams1 Hi, I was wondering where I can get the KI and Iodine in EG? Can you point me to a source? Thanks so much.
so did he just use titanium dioxide and nitric acid to make the titanium paste???
Does anybody happen to know the molarity of the dilute nitric acid used in this demonstration?
you can purchase nanoparticle TiO2 paste
is there any simulation for this solar cell?? anyone
i used methylene blue for dying but my cell dont work. it is getting short. pls help
sir i want work on new materialhelp me to choose material
That's a really nice video, thanks for share it. It really helped me!
@Riserna 0.5M KI, 0.05M I2 in ethylene glycol.
The same TiO2 film application would not work since the TiO2 needs to be annealed at 400C. The PET would not survive.
Why make a paste with nitric acid?
Depends on the project. Please be more specific.
good job
Tell me about recent topics in dssc
great, - Thank You And Regards Frm Cologne
I'm watching this for our research😅😊
Dilute nitric or acetic. pH 3-4 should be adequate.
Please send me steps
I'm from the streets Neal wbu ?
any one can make it for me?
I am looking for solar cell for RED light.
Just for RED is OK. I am good to put it under RED light, NOT under Sun.