THIS was Definitely Unexpected!

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 26 ก.ย. 2024
  • Mig-31 and R-37M are doing much better than expected in Ukraine. Let's see how an old platform like the Mig-31 is turning out essential in its role.
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  • @Millennium7HistoryTech
    @Millennium7HistoryTech  ปีที่แล้ว +36

    Join this channel to support it:
    th-cam.com/channels/VDkfkGRzo0qcZ8AkB4TMuw.htmljoin
    Support me on Patreon www.patreon.com/Millennium7
    One off donation with PayPal www.paypal.com/paypalme/Millennium7star
    Join the Discord server discord.gg/6CuWEWuhsk
    Buy an Aircraft Model at Air Models! airmodels.net/?aff=173
    ----------------------------
    Ask me anything!
    Take part to the community Q&A clicking the link below!
    forms.office.com/r/LNPQtf3Tc0
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    Visit the subreddit!
    www.reddit.com/r/Millennium7Lounge/
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    All images and additional video segments contained in the Thumbnails and/or B-roll segments are used in strict compliance with the appropriate permissions and licenses required from the source and in accordance with the TH-cam Partner Program, Community guidelines & TH-cam terms of service.

    • @sumanneogi2679
      @sumanneogi2679 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      not only technically but also as a narrator you are great

    • @mickparkinson207
      @mickparkinson207 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Be cautious with telling Russophobes about the networked anti ship missiles achieving almost Mach 3 in the 70’s and designs starting in the 60’s .. in 1991 yank president made a personal request of yeltzem to get 7-9 X35 I think for “targeting drones”
      Yanks used to make very average hardware but lots of it. Great innovators lousy inventors.. farming and logistics in their DNA.. now their hardware is demonstrably overpriced - pure junk that isn’t fit for purpose (FIOA Patriot PAK3, littoral ships cracking hulls, $15billion SSBN with only 2 sonar suits that are superior tusk Russian SSBN that cost around $1-$3 Billion, M777 .. splitting barrels, F35 pure junk look at Air Force availability.)
      These russophobes in the west are a vile embarrassment,

    • @mickparkinson207
      @mickparkinson207 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @u666sa lol they pretty hardcore folks.
      I had my interest peaked in Ukraine a while ago until I realised the ethnic nationalism was actual nazism ! .. holy moly

    • @UberArchangel
      @UberArchangel ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you for covering these things more in depth than most normally do.

    • @kresbes7240
      @kresbes7240 ปีที่แล้ว

      Emotional damage❤

  • @notificationguys5128
    @notificationguys5128 ปีที่แล้ว +368

    I can tell you sir
    there's literally no one on TH-cam that explains eastern military aircraft as detailed as you
    Great video as always

    • @barmherzigsein3259
      @barmherzigsein3259 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Dass ist von Richtigkeit!
      Salomè, und leb wohl! Mögest Du in das Licht, der Wahrheit, und dem SEIN der Schöpfung leben.

    • @skyhorseprice6591
      @skyhorseprice6591 ปีที่แล้ว +13

      The reason I watch you is primarily for your unbiased (yes, I said _unbiased_ ) content regarding aircraft other than US/European. You do stuff about Western aircraft too, and you are accurate there as well.
      Pay no attention to naysayers. Their ambition is great, but their minds are small.

    • @razor1uk610
      @razor1uk610 ปีที่แล้ว

      *_Greg's Automobiles & Aeroplanes_*
      and
      *_Ed Nash's Military Matters_*
      ..channels are equally as good & in-depth too IMHO

    • @adamrobson80
      @adamrobson80 ปีที่แล้ว

      I do there very good snd bullet proof 😅😅

    • @tonyduncan9852
      @tonyduncan9852 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Absolutely.

  • @samblackstone3400
    @samblackstone3400 ปีที่แล้ว +63

    The mig-31 is actually very mechanically impressive. This is a mach 3+ capable aircraft with a very short turnaround time between flights, that’s not easy to do as anyone who knows about the blackbird’s maintenance schedule will be aware.

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      As heavy interceptor it is very hard to control it .MiG-31 has MTOW almost 50t and its landing weight is bigger then MTOW of some fighters .From about 530 serial produced , from 1980 until the end od 2022 little more then 50 of them were lost ( 4 MIG-31BM were lost in 2022 alone ) . Pilots call them 'Locomotive' . All best

    • @jamesmandahl444
      @jamesmandahl444 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @aviator77migsukhoi34
      So was the sr71, but we built a couple dozen, and they built hundreds of these.
      Remember the mig31 is not a fly by wire aircraft. Yes it is dangerous compared to modern aircraft. It was essentially very early 4th gen.

  • @Elva_24
    @Elva_24 ปีที่แล้ว +280

    This man's videos are always great

  • @festol1
    @festol1 ปีที่แล้ว +159

    One of few channels with a unique take on military aerospace tech: you make your own topics and chose the most interesting ones. Inspite of other "hot" topics, you create your own even more interesting and hot ones! The Foxhound in an outstanding, elusive and powerfull aircraft.

    • @davidelliott5843
      @davidelliott5843 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      MiG-31 is elusive because they have so few they dare not risk them in actual combat. But how good is it really? The never caught the SR-71 so Mach 3 sounds optimistic at best.

    • @jacobzindel987
      @jacobzindel987 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @@davidelliott5843 the Mig-31 is the premature ejelactulator of mach 3 aircraft.

    • @gustavoantonelli
      @gustavoantonelli ปีที่แล้ว +7

      @@davidelliott5843 they were not contemporary. So, it was a little difficult for a MiG-31 to intercept a Blackbird

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@gustavoantonelli No it was not. With radar Zaslon and especially IRST type 8TP , MiG-31 always detected and tracked SR-71 from a great distance. In several situations , distance of detecting-tracking with 8TP was over 200kms ( SR-71 was like a flying comet with temp in cruise mode in higher stratosphere of about 2000°C ).
      With R-33 , MiG-31 could engage incoming SR-71 from about 250kms and with R-40TD-1 from about 200kms .By the way , both missiles were hypersonic with Vmax 5 M and 6 M after acceleration phase. All best

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@davidelliott5843 RuA&SF and RNA (russian naval aviation ) have more then 150 MiG-31 and MiG-31BM as operational . All best .

  • @aviator77migsukhoi34
    @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว +44

    One interesting info for M7 and others .Chief constructor of MiG-31 was Gleb Lozino-Lozinsky. He once said that MiG-31's structure made from special Nickel-Steel alloy , then Aluminium alloy D19T and Titanium alloy can be in operational use for more then 50 years.
    MiG-31BM is version converted from MiG-31B/BS and basic version from the first half of the 80's . In total 113 MiG-31B and BS were overhauled and modernized to BM level .Then MiG-31 ( basic version ) were overhauled and modernized to BM level. Those planes are already 40 years old but they will be operational for another decade and more . So e.g. aircraft made in 1985 can be operational until 2035 ( min ) . For comparison, MiG-31B were made from 1991 until 1994 ( calculate that 50 years of min. possible service life).
    So is MiG-31 outdated ? No. Is MiG-31 outperformed ? No of course. In radar-missile range domain and kinematic-energetic ( speed -alt ) flight domain, he is still the best interceptor in the world and will be for many years to come .All best !

  • @gruenerteufelDD
    @gruenerteufelDD ปีที่แล้ว +30

    The Mig31 is a pure interceptor (apart from carrying the Kinshal on modified versions),and at that still unmatched in the world. It still has a very capable radar and weapons suit and flight performance is breathtaking.

  • @Mastakilla91
    @Mastakilla91 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    People like you are the reason we love Italians and Italy.
    Mille Grazie !!

  • @salamanderpete
    @salamanderpete ปีที่แล้ว +73

    Always happy to be a patron of this channel. High quality content you just don't get anywhere else !

    • @pan2aja
      @pan2aja ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Thank you for the treat

  • @madaxe606
    @madaxe606 ปีที่แล้ว +72

    Outstanding video about an amazing aircraft - thanks for uploading! The MiG-31 may be one of those aircraft that was actually ahead of its time, and just needed to stay in service long enough to demonstrate its capability.

    • @Vagvahvah
      @Vagvahvah ปีที่แล้ว

      Try yyyyy UI usdc for it ur

  • @Rob_F8F
    @Rob_F8F ปีที่แล้ว +53

    Great video, especially the explanation on missile performance in terms of potential, kinetic, chemical energy, air density, and altitude. Best explanation that I have seen.
    Bravo!

    • @amr8457
      @amr8457 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      For sure!

    • @TurboHappyCar
      @TurboHappyCar ปีที่แล้ว +1

      TH-camr Growling Sidewinder does DCS (digital combat simulator) videos on beyond visual range fights and goes over the kinematic performance of missiles. Basically with M7* is talking about with pretty PC game graphics. 😂

    • @Rob_F8F
      @Rob_F8F ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@TurboHappyCar Yes. I'm a fan of Growling Sidewinder.

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      The best possible launch situation is that with max altitude and max speed ( first speed of missile) parameters. With that we have max possible kinematic-energetic missile potential and also max possible time of aerodynamic stability and controlability. In that situation we have max possible/effective ( authorised ) launch distance.
      MiG-31 is the fighter with best speed-alt possibilities for launch of A2A missile/s. Vmax is 2.8M and Hmax is 22kms . All best

  • @RayoDalal
    @RayoDalal ปีที่แล้ว +37

    Thrilled to see you back!! Keep up the amazing work

  • @short1961
    @short1961 ปีที่แล้ว +61

    Great video. I saw a video about the Mig31 and it’s modernization program. I was very impressed.

  • @donlanky6388
    @donlanky6388 ปีที่แล้ว +43

    Continue your great work sir and ignore those who call u a Russian bot. They just hate it when anyone says anything good about anyone else other than merica ..... as a fighter jet fan, I love the knowledge u give us so thank u

  • @mitropoulosilias
    @mitropoulosilias ปีที่แล้ว +34

    i dont know why, i am not military guy, but i love technology and electronics and radar, and i always find very interesting listening to you, talking about all that equipment and how they work..

    • @chrisp3913
      @chrisp3913 ปีที่แล้ว

      Maybe it’s because you are paying for it

    • @mitropoulosilias
      @mitropoulosilias ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@chrisp3913 yeap we all do.. even if we never asked

  • @a.randomjack6661
    @a.randomjack6661 ปีที่แล้ว +79

    Speaking of oldies, I was looking at some TU-95 Bear videos this week. Yes, it is active in this conflict and fires long range missiles at ground targets with great accuracy, and yes, also from a safe distance.
    It does make on hell of a very distinctive noise with all those props.
    Thanks or the treat, I did not know the MiG-31 was so big 🤯

    • @Musicreach101
      @Musicreach101 ปีที่แล้ว

      I’ve seen zero evidence the bear is active in this war 💁🏼‍♂️

    • @marshalljulie3676
      @marshalljulie3676 ปีที่แล้ว +14

      @@Musicreach101 🤦

    • @brianwesley28
      @brianwesley28 ปีที่แล้ว +24

      @@Musicreach101 The Ukrainian power grid and other various targets are aware of it.

    • @fryertuck6496
      @fryertuck6496 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      @@Musicreach101 The Bear has been launching cruise missiles in this conflict.

    • @kgkg6649
      @kgkg6649 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Yes shooting missiles at civilians

  • @TheGranicd
    @TheGranicd ปีที่แล้ว +208

    Saying that mach3 interceptor with 300km missiles is relic of little use is a mistake that would get you killed in air combat.

    • @dariozanze4929
      @dariozanze4929 ปีที่แล้ว

      Seems like a relic because it was designed to intercept bombers and cruise missiles during the cold war. A role which is largely obsolete...

    • @MGZetta
      @MGZetta ปีที่แล้ว +75

      luckily, it's not internet trolls are fighting Russia because they believe even Russian nukes don't work and willing to test that. lmao.

    • @nooonanoonung6237
      @nooonanoonung6237 ปีที่แล้ว +42

      @@MGZetta thank fuck reddit generals aren't making importan strategic decisions that could affect the fate of billions of people.

    • @TheSSHR
      @TheSSHR ปีที่แล้ว +12

      Depence agains who is used, used against modern fighters mig 31 is relict and that is fact.Bigest problem of Russia jets is their size, they are too big and they are easy target for any modern west made jet.

    • @nowarwithrussiaandchina4667
      @nowarwithrussiaandchina4667 ปีที่แล้ว +21

      @@MGZetta Those trolls who think Russian weapons and nukes don't work are either too young and/or crazy.

  • @michaelguerin56
    @michaelguerin56 ปีที่แล้ว +19

    Truth is truth! The smallest violin in the world is playing sad music for those who cannot accept this fact.🙂 Cheers from NZ🇳🇿. I have finally joined the channel.

  • @philipdavis7521
    @philipdavis7521 ปีที่แล้ว +16

    Fascinating - its so good to see a channel discuss these issues in a balanced and neutral manner.

  • @GabrielVitor-kq6uj
    @GabrielVitor-kq6uj ปีที่แล้ว +45

    I absolutely love your work Sir!!! Thank you for your unbiased approach, and yest we get tons of NATO content already and we trully lacked Eastern content here in the West!
    Also kinda off topic... but as a brazillian Im really glad our Air Force chose the Gripen over the competitors as it really suits our needs perfectly! If the FAB decided to go with the Hornet, Flanker or the Rafale... we would probably have issues down the line... anyway Thanks again!!!

    • @joaoespecial4168
      @joaoespecial4168 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Grippen é muito bom. E barato! Tambem seria um bom aviao para substituir os F-16 portugueses.

    • @alexnderrrthewoke4479
      @alexnderrrthewoke4479 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@joaoespecial4168 melhor russo

  • @blazinchalice
    @blazinchalice ปีที่แล้ว +23

    Thanks again for your very valuable informed perspective, M7. I hope 2023 will bring you and your channel even greater success.

  • @Phozz4
    @Phozz4 ปีที่แล้ว +16

    11:40 That's very interesting. The MIG 31 looks like a specific counter to terrain hugging high speed incursions by Tornados.

    • @dongately2817
      @dongately2817 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      and F-111s and B-1s in their conventional role - the US was very proud of its terrain following bombers - the Soviets came up with this decent counter (but I wonder how well the Mig 31 would survive in the face of NATO air superiority fighters)

    • @amr8457
      @amr8457 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@dongately2817 NATO pilots are not the best at all! NATO countries are cowards looking for someone else (USA) to fight for them! We see how effective NATO REALLY IS in Ukraine! Lol. This isn't a conflict between Ukraine and Russia. This conflict IS between NATO and Russia! Russia is overwhelmingly shaping the battlefield as they wish!

    • @dongately2817
      @dongately2817 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@amr8457 Yeah, Russia is making the battlefield into the shape of a cemetery for all its troops.

    • @amr8457
      @amr8457 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@dongately2817 It never ceases to amaze me how people can be stuck in denial. Don't worry it's not your fault, you watch mainstream media!
      You just don't know the truth!
      Bro Russia has only lost MAYBE 24,000.. Ukraine is now reaching 180,000 killed, +35,000 MIA. Ukraine is losing high numbers of wounded due to hospitals overcrowding and TODAY I just found out Ukraine troops are suffering from VERY HIGH numbers of Tuberculosis! Do you understand how you get tuberculosis?
      You guys started this with Russia and now you're going to get what you deserve!
      They will end all you Naazzzii's!

    • @shaider1982
      @shaider1982 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      True, as they used terrain masking like the B1B and Tomahawks. As said in the old Discovery wings video, the MiG31 was designed to fight targets that were almost the opposite of the MiG25's quarry, the XB70.

  • @totwallybaba
    @totwallybaba ปีที่แล้ว +11

    Millennium 7 has great content and has educated this US citizen on many different aircraft.

  • @shaider1982
    @shaider1982 ปีที่แล้ว +20

    I watched the video on the MiG31 by the old Discovery Wing program, Wings of the Red Star (narrated by Russian-born Peter Ustinov). This had data links back in the 1970's.

    • @dexlab7539
      @dexlab7539 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Amazing! USSR was well ahead of west at the time

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      First interceptor with data-link system was soviet Tu-128 that was operational in 60's . That data-link system enabled networking of 4 interceptors in patrouling group and data exchange with first in the world real AWACS Tu-126 .

    • @RogerJL
      @RogerJL ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@aviator77migsukhoi34 SAAB Draken had datalinks 1963
      "The entire first generation datalinka system was implemented in 1963, first on the J-35B and J-35D Draken aircraft, and in 1965 it began to cooperate with the latest version of the J-35F Draken."

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@RogerJL Know for that detail. If I remember well, system was called STRIL or something like that, am I right ? Soviets had data-link system LAZUR even earlier in MiG-21F-13, F and PF from 1959/60 . That data-link system was between GCI stations ( NASU in russian ) and fighters in the air. All best !

    • @shaider1982
      @shaider1982 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@aviator77migsukhoi34 interesting, I never realized they were that ahead then.

  • @onetwo5155
    @onetwo5155 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    Excellent and very informative video and excellent response to the people immature enough to dislike your videos just because it does not back their preconceptions on the ordering of the universe.
    I wish you a happy new year and hope you keep up with these interesting analysis videos.

  • @mikedebear
    @mikedebear ปีที่แล้ว +8

    Clearly described tactics and mechanics-thanks for sharing the excellent content!

  • @fang45acp
    @fang45acp ปีที่แล้ว +26

    I can think of another Aircraft/missile combo that the west used to operate that filled a very similar role. That many people miss dearly :)

    • @frankgonzalez607
      @frankgonzalez607 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      F-14 Tomcat with the AIM-54 Phoenix?

    • @jamesmandahl444
      @jamesmandahl444 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      @Frank Gonzalez it is an incredible interceptor but the original mig31 had a superior radar in all modes. The phoenix was superior to the original r33 but the updated variant solved many of these short comings.

    • @russellk.bonney8534
      @russellk.bonney8534 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      ​@@Max_Da_GThe funny thing is, Iran has got the Tomcats and has locally sourced their own spare parts. They are still an amazing airframe. Super hornets and F35s are both needed to me and up for one F14. Sort of lol.

  • @m1ken_01
    @m1ken_01 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    This channel is golden, i love watching every video, very informative.

  • @amr8457
    @amr8457 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    Another "STELLAR" video!
    Thank you very much for your time and efforts to help inform us! I definitely learned a lot!

  • @Gthetricker
    @Gthetricker ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Love the middle bit about people not enjoying the content. Love this channel and always love seeing what's coming next.

  • @dmacpher
    @dmacpher ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Lol the Avro Arrow espionage rumour reference is great

  • @jawadkazmi5327
    @jawadkazmi5327 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    Objective and to the point, Content worth watching.
    Grazie mille

  • @ogbonnasam9997
    @ogbonnasam9997 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    5 months later and your research is absolutely spot on.. well done.

  • @timothybayliss6680
    @timothybayliss6680 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    I admit I recognized the airframe from the overhead shot. The big MiG's are still awesome

  • @mikejulien2330
    @mikejulien2330 ปีที่แล้ว +26

    Yes, it was also a Canadian requirement, which is why we created the Avro Arrow with similar specs until the US pressured our gov to cancel the program.

    • @mcal27
      @mcal27 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      That was a crime! Avro-Canada were one of the most innovative Aviation companies on the planet! They were betrayed

    • @magoid
      @magoid ปีที่แล้ว

      That was what the conspiracy theorists told you. And I believed it for a while. But a simple exam of the post-Arrow purchases show the boring truth: The Arrow was simply too expensive for Canada.
      If the Canadian government had the moneys and simply fold to buy American, they would buy the best of what the yanks had to offer, right? But what they bought? Used F-101s.
      But that was because of range, I can hear you say. What about a fighter to send to Europe for NATO? They bought the cheapest American fighter available, the F-104. And before the 1960 decade came to a end, they switched to the even cheaper F-5. But then the money run out and even that was not a option anymore.
      When the 1980's came, instead of the long ranged F-14 and F-15, they had to choose the F-18, again a cheaper option.
      If you had to blame someone for the Arrow fiasco, blame the brass of the Canadian Air Force. They wanted a very expensive silver bullet without the money to back it up, at a time all major powers (US, URSS, UK), were cutting back investment in advanced fighters to focus on ICBMs.

    • @vibrolax
      @vibrolax ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Military aviation enthusiasts generally agree that the Avro Arrow was technologically excellent. However, its mission became obsolete. And all the similar American mach 2+ interceptor programs were cancelled as well. The sheer number of Cold War weapons programs that ended up cancelled before production, or obsolete at deployment is astounding.

    • @DIREWOLFx75
      @DIREWOLFx75 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Cancelling the Arrow was definitely a crime!

    • @dexlab7539
      @dexlab7539 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      The US putting pressure on friendly nations….that never happens 😂😂😂

  • @stevenhoman2253
    @stevenhoman2253 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    Hmm, your info. on the Mig-31 is fascinating, I think I forgot about it. But it is a very well executed design in so many ways. I suppose that an aircraft is always a thing of beauty, till it has its opportunity to shine.

  • @aviator77migsukhoi34
    @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    It is interesting to note that there was one version of MiG-31 with biggest radar potential .It was MiG-31M and it was tested in flight from 1985 until the end of 90's . MiG-31M had X-band N007M Zaslon-M , radar with biggest ever antenna reflector in one fighter with diameter of 1.4m .
    At 10kms of altitude radar search-detect track range in HPRF mode was limited only by the radio-horizon. It had capability to automaticaly track 24 different aircraft even those with hypersonic speed. With 6 K-37 ( Izdeliye 610) as test version under fuselage , MiG-31M could engage 6 differ targets within a couple of sec. In april of 1994 on one trial , MiG-31M ( number 057 blue) engaged one incoming radio-controled target from record-breaking distance of 304km.

  • @H0kram
    @H0kram ปีที่แล้ว +8

    Excellent video, it is quite a smart use of this impressive aircraft honestly.
    And damn is it huge in size.

  • @thefoolishhiker3103
    @thefoolishhiker3103 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Excellent analysis of missile performance. I am no aerospace engineer but I play one in video games. This was really interesting

  • @xXrandomryzeXx
    @xXrandomryzeXx ปีที่แล้ว +25

    I love you for saying that most videos you do will be about Russian Chinese and other countries' vehicles because most western vehicles are already well known. I get bored from seeing so many videos on the same aircraft, it's always the f16,f15,f22,f35 or the apache that it is being talked about and never about aircraft like the Su30, Su35, Mig35 or Mi28

    • @cassius_eu5970
      @cassius_eu5970 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      Same, his videos about Chinese and Russian equipment (and also some EU equipment like Gripen or Rafale) are the most interesting and very rare to find on TH-cam.

    • @m1ken_01
      @m1ken_01 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Couldn't agree more.

  • @aviator77migsukhoi34
    @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Hi M7 ...Your comments are so interesting . About that antenna behind rear ( RIO) cockpit, it is for automatic radio compas .But on that picture was MiG-31 number 31 blue (Izdeliye 01 ) as basic version and that version is operational today only in a small number. Nowdays the main version is MiG-31BM and there is over 150 of them as operational.
    About N007 Zaslon ( first in the world PESA in one fighter ) , yes, it works in two bands : X as the main for searching-detecting-tracking-locking and L-band but only for identifying of tracked aircraft. Has two transmitters TWT's, one the main only for search-detect-track with average power in High PRF mode of 2.5kW and max pulse power in HPRF mode of 10kW. Secondary TWT is only for lock-on and CWI of engaged targets, average power is 1kW. On the reflector of antenna with diameter of 1.1m there is 1700 TRE ( transmitt-receive elements or so called phase shifters ) for X band and 64 IFF dipole antennas for L band. N007 / RP-31 / SBI-16 / S-800 or BRLS-8B Zaslon has max search ranges: in High PRF mode of the main transmitter ( A2A combat mode PPS, front aspect or incoming aircraft ) is 600kms , in combined High and Medium PRF mode ( combat mode Avtomat or automatic , front and rear aspect incoming -receding aircraft simultaneosly ) is 400kms and in Medium PRF mode ( combat mode ZPS ,rear aspect , receding aircraft ) is 200kms. Zaslon can automatically track max 10 aircraft and with 4 R-33 can engage 4 different air targets within 10sec . Max possible authorised launch range for engaging big incoming air targets with R-33/S is 250kms.
    This is old story about old MiG-31 that is operational from 1980. Newer MiG-31BM is modernized version converted from MiG-31( basic version) and MiG-31B/BS .It has new PESA radar N007AM Zaslon-AM that works not in X but in C band ( first time in one fighter ). C band as radar band (4-8GHz) is specific for long-range searching of airspace ( long range surveillance ) , much longer then in X band. Working frequency is about 6 GHz and working wavelenght is 6cm twice as much as in X band. Another characteristics of that C band is possibility of comm and link between air assets and orbital assets .In RuA&SF it is used for data-link between MiG-31BM and orbital assets ( so called link Bort-Orbita , Orbita-Bort or aircraft-Orbit and vice-versa).
    With C band searching ranges are greater for about 30% in comparison with those in X band. L band is used for IFF/ID as earlier. MiG-31BM has new heavy long-range hypersonic A2A missile R-37M ( Vmax 6 M) with max possible authorised launch range against big incoming air target of 300kms . Max launching height is 22kms and max launching speed is 3000km/h ( 2.8M ) .
    MiG-31 is fighter with greatest kinematic-energetic possibilities even today . When flying at constant cruising speed 2500km/h ( instrumental) or M2.35 ( real speed) on Minimal Afterburn engine cruise mode at height of 21km, MiG-31 can overfly about 1500kms.
    Yes ,MiG-31BM are used in russian operation in ukrainian air space and one of them manage to shot down one ukr Su-24MR with R-37M. There is another operational version and it is MiG-31K as carrier of new heavy long-range hypersonic A2G missile called Kynzhal or Dagger. MiG-31K has combat radius about 1000kms with Kynzhal and max combat range of the missile is 1000kms ( when it is launch from about 20km of height with instrumental speed 2500-3000km/h ) .
    Main targets for MiG-31BM are not fighters but heavy and big air targets of strategic importance ( strategic bombers-missile carriers and strat.recce aircraft , AWACS, ELINT, COMMINT and SIGINT aircraft, tankers , transporters , tactical bombers and recce aircraft and so on ), then all kind and types of low flying subsonic cruise and high flying aero and quasi-ballistic supersonic and even hypersonic missiles because N007AM can track incoming aircraft with speed 7000km/h and MiG-31BM can engage them with new R-37M ( has ARH mode that works in Ku band and SARH mode that works in X band in terminal phase ) .
    Мust correct some details, there is no EW system ( ECM ) that can jamm mighty Zaslon with his max output power of almost 1MW when works in HPRF mode. Another detail, Gripen with his radar is only a toy in comparison with MiG-31BM with his C band Zaslon-AM. Yet another thing, MBDA Meteor is A2A missile in a level of R-27ER and not in level of almost 600kgs heavy R-37M . Meteor with weight of about 200kgs has the same energetic -kinematic and aerodynamic potential as 350kgs heavy R-27ER , both with max possible effective-authorised launch distance against big incoming air target of 150kms ( no more then that ) . That is only 50% of R-37M capability.
    All best !

  • @jvizkeleti
    @jvizkeleti ปีที่แล้ว +7

    I think it is perfectly expected. The MiG-31 is a very capable aircraft. It was designed for over the horizon fight. You know, what Muricans always say is the only important factor.

    • @Asghaad
      @Asghaad ปีที่แล้ว

      And exactly the type of oponent F22 and F35 are designed to counter.

  • @imrekalman9044
    @imrekalman9044 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    10:55 The lead Su-25 is flying below treetop level. But the wingman is flying even lower. Holy effing eff.
    Oh, and the capabilities of the Zaslon radar are so strong Russian propaganda I read about them in the late 90's in Western publications, when Russia was giving away details thinking the West was their friend.

  • @catherineharris4746
    @catherineharris4746 ปีที่แล้ว +18

    Absolutely love this channel!💗👏👏👍👍👍

  • @WanderfalkeAT
    @WanderfalkeAT ปีที่แล้ว +39

    Calling the Mig-31 obsolete is like calling the B-1/AWACS obsolete. It is the fastest Interceptor in the world and has a RADAR that can burn through any jamming, not to mention it's impressive missiles. I'd say the F-15C is more obsolete than the Mig-31!

    • @jpierce2l33t
      @jpierce2l33t ปีที่แล้ว

      Saying it has a radar that can burn through any jamming is so out of touch, that I can safely assume the rest of your statement is incorrect as well 🙄. The Russians are fast approaching third world status in military tech, and to say that about an old platform is downright ridiculous. They don't even really have a functioning AESA system...so obviously any decent AESA radar will jam the ever living hell out of whatever is in the MiG 🤦‍♂️

    • @LupusAries
      @LupusAries ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Well the Mig-31 is basically a less maneuverable, faster Tomcat.
      You see USN....it was kinda stupid to retire the Cat, and until fairly recently, not invest in long range AAMS.
      The F-15 has the advantage of better maneuverability over the Mig-31 and with the AIM-120D can claw a lot of the range bsck, but in complex air battles a good RIO/WSO is worth his weight in gold. Both aren't ideal, with assymetric capabilities but none is obsolete.
      Though I'm pretty sure that there's a lot of Mig-31 crews that are happy that the Cat isn't around in US arsenals anymore.
      With it the US gave up a significant air combat capability.

    • @bob38028
      @bob38028 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      The B-1 is obsolete and it’s completely incomparable to the astonishing capabilities of a Boeing E-3 Sentry. No, the Mig-31 may not be obsolete but saying it is obsolete is not anything like what you’re saying in the remotest capacity.
      And seriously, the F-15C is more obsolete than the Mig-31? Do you know how much less reliable the Mig-31 is compared to the F-15C? I bet your source is Growling Sidewinder’s DCS world videos.

    • @Quentor33
      @Quentor33 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@LupusAries people thinking that Russian weapons are even close to NATO ones are just blind... The effectiveness of Russian équipement only exist in Russian propaganda... This war in Ukraine, in Syria, and many other conflicts have proven us that Russian equipment is nowhere near NATO one.

    • @simonx760
      @simonx760 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@bob38028 I think he is talking about bomber b1.

  • @jimpollard9392
    @jimpollard9392 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Very very good OSI. Keep doing what you are doing!

  • @viktor_v-ughnda_vaudville_476
    @viktor_v-ughnda_vaudville_476 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Damn those mig-31s are that big? That’s crazy

  • @richtravis9562
    @richtravis9562 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    As A ex- USN Aviation Fire Control Technician, yes. you are right. There was a datasharing system built into some tomcats, but just like tracking multiple targets, that feature was...flakey. and not a priority repair item, towards the tomcats last 10 years and later iterations skipped it, i believe. it's possible that this was only the environment I was in, of course. weirder things happened.

  • @StarFyodperor
    @StarFyodperor ปีที่แล้ว +11

    Speak for yourself... Most of us never underestimated MiG 31...

    • @josefranciscoramirez4438
      @josefranciscoramirez4438 ปีที่แล้ว

      For sure, I was surprised to hear such introduction, the MIG 31 is an unique aircraft with a rather unique role and as a result comes with capabilities that no other aircraft can match.

  • @gilbertponder5307
    @gilbertponder5307 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Spectacularly interesting and informative video. I wish we could know about how accurate your speculations on the tactics being used are.

  • @sohrabroozbahani4700
    @sohrabroozbahani4700 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    A couple of guys who are of the more experienced DCS players on TH-cam tried fighting the MiG31, that thing is a beast, in a one against one situation it makes a mockery of all the good Fs that we know about, only stealth works against it and also F15EX with AMRAAM Ds managed to get up and actually fight it... I'll go on and ask on their next BVR video to try the Meteor against it, either by Gripen or Typhoon... they will probably accept the challenge... I'll let you know if they could slay the dragon...

    • @blahorgaslisk7763
      @blahorgaslisk7763 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Interesting times... A "game" (don't kill me) being used to evaluate combat tactics in an ongoing conflict...

    • @sohrabroozbahani4700
      @sohrabroozbahani4700 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@blahorgaslisk7763 more of a simulator, and a pretty accurate one on the physics side...

    • @little_error295
      @little_error295 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@blahorgaslisk7763 DCS is pretty damn accurate for older aircraft the only time when I doubt it is for newer stuff as really we know jack shit about things like the su-57 j-20 and other newer stealth aircrafts stealth capabilities etc all we know about those really is an estimate of how good there radar is (although we don’t really know that either) and how manoeuvrable they are because we can literally observe that at air shows lol

    • @blahorgaslisk7763
      @blahorgaslisk7763 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@little_error295 Yea, games and simulators really do grow closer every year. I remember a long time ago when big simulators were still running on 8-bit hardware a developer adapted their code for a game. They had to cut a lot to be able to provide anything like a playable experience but the basic flight model was lifted right out of the simulators they wrote for the military. Since then the professional simulators got so advanced a PC stood no chance of running their models, but when the PC grew 64 legs it started to catch up real well. The flight models can only get that good before the law of diminishing returns make improvements all but imperceivably small. So the limits really are the data available. Some get released with time as the aircrafts get decommissioned, but for newer craft the data is pretty well guarded secrets. Some times the standard performance is published, but they almost always hide the total capabilities away behind a "emergency" or "combat mode" switch. What happens when that is tripped we can only deduce from observation and by calculating likely numbers for power, drag and so on.
      It gets harder and harder for the military to keep the real performance data secret. As software improves the ability to deduce details from pictures and observations also get better.

  • @AceOfSpade888
    @AceOfSpade888 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    I must compliment you for the detailed analysis of the strategic and tactical use of the MIG-31 platform. This Russian tactical appearance needs to be addressed primarily with ECM. I also agree that SAAB Gripen is an excellent recommendation for the reasons you mentioned as well as due to its small size.
    Looking forward to your subsequent enlightening tactical analysis of intricate military systems! 🙂

  • @ThePit0007
    @ThePit0007 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Excellent and very pedagogic video, thank you for the amazing work!

  • @BigSmartArmed
    @BigSmartArmed ปีที่แล้ว +8

    West: Russia can't do BVR!
    Russia: does actual longest range BVR combat in aviation history.

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว

      Two western A2A missiles with longest so called combat ranges ( by my military dictionary as highest authorised launch distances against incoming big air target ) are :
      1. AIM-54 Pheonix ( weighs about 430kgs and with dual-mode solid rocket engine ) with max possible effective that authorised launch distance against big incoming air target is about 200kms .
      2. MBDA Meteor as supersonic cruise A2A missile with combined propulsion ( air and solid rocket fuel combustion system ) with mass of about 200kgs has max possible effective or authorised launch distance against big incoming air target 150kms , no more then that.
      What about that AIM-120D AMRAAM ?! Aha, missile that weighs only about 170kgs has max that parameter no more then50nm ( 100kms ) .That is her limit .
      On the other side we have soviet -russian A2A missiles : R-33/S max 250kms , R-37M max 300kms and R-97 max 400kms .
      All launch parameters are the same( max possible launch altitude and speed ) where MiG-31 is in favour.

  • @nomar5spaulding
    @nomar5spaulding ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Didn't the Iranians use their F-14s in a sort of similar way in the Iran/Iraq war? Staying behind the lines, using their much more powerful radar and long range missiles to train long range shots from high altitude and behind the front? Admittedly i know extremely little about that war. Anyway, very cool video. The MiG-31 is a beast, one way or the other. Hell, even if it was useless in any fight, it's still a bad ass plane and damn sexy.

    • @conan670431
      @conan670431 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      indeed , the Ruskies are not inventing the hot water here .... is a tested way

    • @Tattlebot
      @Tattlebot ปีที่แล้ว

      It's not useless in a fight if it is shooting down F-15s from protected airspace. It's more like good luck, you better hope the F-35 stealth is all aspect. If it's VLO only in the front aspect as I've read, then it's just as screwed as its predecessors.

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว

      Same tactics was used by Iraqis with their more capable MiG-25PDS in terms of speed and altitude ( energy of flight ) . F-14A with 4 or max 6 AIM-54A can never reach altitude above 15kms or speed above 2M . On the other side , MiG-25PDS with 4 R-40RD/TD can reach Vmax of 3 Mach and altitude well over 20kms .

    • @luigimrlgaming9484
      @luigimrlgaming9484 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@Tattlebot I think MiG-31 will be too busy to try fighting the F-35s. It has to try and intercept the B-2 or B-21 Bombers that are escorted by F-22s. That’s not gonna end well.
      Edit: Btw the F-22 is all aspect stealth for sure however I fail to see why it would need to have it given the fact the
      U.S will be operating offensively so they’re AOA is head on.

    • @Tattlebot
      @Tattlebot ปีที่แล้ว

      @@luigimrlgaming9484 I suppose it depends whether you think Russian ground systems will intercept them. F-35 was designed at a time where IADS was absent. It defeats Buks and fighters head on, not necessarily an air defense network.

  • @DavidLee-df888
    @DavidLee-df888 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Love that Famous Russian Aircraft book you use!
    I have several FRAs, all written by author Yefim Gordon, who seems to specialise in writing doorstops... his output is prolific to say the least. I have a sizeable collection of books from various eras, and his name is most common as far as post cold war "Eastern" planes are concerned

  • @agsystems8220
    @agsystems8220 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Worth pointing out is the DCS series Growling sidewinder did against the Mig31. The computer in the dumpster meme came out. If it is not vulnerable to electronic warfare the kinetic advantage is just overwhelming. F22 could manage, but only just. Granted DCS isn't perfect, but it does demonstrate the point.

  • @branislavcika
    @branislavcika ปีที่แล้ว +6

    This is an excellent, well researched source of news about aviation from Russia and China. Love the energy spent on research as well as ‘don’t give a f*** attitude’ towards those who don’t like the content. I come here for interesting videos about airplanes that are not well know in western literature. Thank you for an amazing job! Please keep it up. Haters will be haters 😂

  • @KkevrockK
    @KkevrockK ปีที่แล้ว

    One of the very few channels speaking without bias.

  • @andrejapiassu6448
    @andrejapiassu6448 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    How about that black eye? Is Otis now using violence? Say no to domestic abuse!

    • @Millennium7HistoryTech
      @Millennium7HistoryTech  ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Me learning color grading

    • @doncalypso
      @doncalypso ปีที่แล้ว

      OTIS can be cantankerous... he's never been the same ever since he smuggled himself to that PLAAF airbase.
      😂🤣😂🤣😂🤣

  • @happyhalfwit8862
    @happyhalfwit8862 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Thanks for the insightful video. Mig31 is an obsolete airframe these days but with the right tech on the pylon it can still be highly effective. As you said it is about stopping the opponents mission not shooting them down thats just a bonus. The standoff give it its advantage but if Ukraine gets modern fighters, which it looks like it will, the 31's will have a hard time.

    • @happyhalfwit8862
      @happyhalfwit8862 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @Septic Whelk in tech terms it is but if it stays clear of conflict and sticks to long range BVM then its still very effective as its proving. Its horses for courses like the t64 thats being wheeled out its past its prime but has same gun so is still an effective tank killer all be it in a more static role.

    • @jamesmandahl444
      @jamesmandahl444 ปีที่แล้ว

      *if it stays out of range and yeets long range missiles its safe*
      That is what interceptors do homie

  • @roundrock63
    @roundrock63 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    Absolutely excellent content. This fact based information videos are a breath of fresh air compared to the normal propaganda videos.

  • @TByrom
    @TByrom ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Fabulous content and analysis! I’m enjoying your channel from Colorado, USA. Keep up the great work!

  • @kevinl2482
    @kevinl2482 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    As a Gripen fan I'd be very excited to see how it would do in a real combat situation, unfortunately idk if SAAB can produce enough in time since they've just only started to get the operational E's out to Sweden and Brazil. Sweden's a small country population and GDP wise, so they can't get that industry going as fast as other countries.

    • @NovaNeedsTherapy
      @NovaNeedsTherapy ปีที่แล้ว

      Gripen is up there in my favorites, absolute beauty.

  • @ipconfiger
    @ipconfiger ปีที่แล้ว +2

    There is an old saying in China, that is "无坚不破唯快不破", means: No matter how strong you are, you can be defeated, But if you move fast enough you won't be defeated.

  • @xyz-hj6ul
    @xyz-hj6ul ปีที่แล้ว +3

    SBI-16 Zaslon-AM is a FMICW radar, like the AI.24 Skyhunter of the Tornado F.3. This translates, roughly, to a 'Hi-PRF all the time', so as to get best range capability from the system in the outer engagement zone.
    While Zaslon can function in a PD mode, it's primary LDSD, extended range, engagement capability is not assured by this because the power required to maintain track on low RCS targets (original AGM-86B = .25m2, original TLAM-N = .5m2) is not compatible with the impedance loading density and range uncertainty of a Medium PRF system. Which otherwise generates the best Doppler across a wide range of aspects.
    Therefore, the combination of the system's older design with the sophisticated Baget radar data computer likely uses another method: patch framing.
    Similar to SAR, this creates a frame of averaged clutter returns around a known MTI as a radar memory buffer page of enhanced range gate references, from which a tracking cell can be established as differential reference times (between range gated clutter features) speeds indicating aspect change. In combination with the PESA's ability to make rapid scan pattern/waveform changes; this allows constant, HPRF, measurement of target state in passing thru/against the known-distance clutter field.
    Though originally employed as a RIO/WSO trick on Vietnam period F-4s, enhancing video contrast to 'pull' cluttered target movement shift, radars are actually quite good at this, automatically.
    Now let's consider the R-37M itself. First, the missile is much shorter than the original K-37 (AA-X-13 Arrow) which scored a 308km kill, back in 1994. Shorter = torsionally stiffer, with greater potential maneuver capacity and potentially lower cruise drag because the wings of the R-33 are now strakes, much closer to the center of lift, thanks to the miniaturized actuator system and gas generator for the thermal battery which forced the older weapon's motor forwards, towards the middle of the missile. A longer motor, made possible by wraparound tail control servos and a warhead which is shifted aft make for a more unstable = energetic missile with an 8G target override vs. the 4G of the Amos missile.
    This is further aided by the fact that the 'wheelspan' of the control fins is actually greater than for Phoenix.
    Again, this is a missile which is designed to hit small targets with a non-nuclear warhead in a strategic defense mission where every missed intercept = a million dead civilians. Final terminal excursion capabilities may be as much a function of maintaining clear aspect return sightlines on a scintillating rcs cuis missile as much as a max evading threat fighter G capability. But they will be considerable, nonetheless. The whole 'bomber killer' nonsense is a Western projection of what made it justifiable to retire the Phoenix as Tomcat from service. It has nothing to do with the reality of a hyper maneuverable missile as indeed both the PAC-2 GEM (16") and the SM-6 Block-1 (21") are 'fatter' and heavier than the R-37M yet nobody doubts their efficacy as 'once locked on, you might as well just eject because you're not evading it' _fighter killers_. The same is true for the 48N6DM and 9M96M2.
    Now, let's consider the capabilities of the missile GCS. I have seen references to both a 60` offboresight and a 120` off boresight capability. If the latter is true it can only be because either the 9B-1103M-350 or 9B-1103-M15 (two different CNS) systems is in fact an AESA in a rotary repositioner.
    But it highlights the differences in the way the missile works. First off, there is reason to believe that the missile may well be able to see returns from multiple illuminating radars and share their aspect independent merged target return, via TVM.
    Since it is moving at a considerable rate and may have an AESA antenna, it is likely generating its own doppler on the threat and so, in combination with the angle-rate calculations of the various parent/midcourse illuminators, be able to apply its own, range rate, capabilities due to highly enhanced doppler of a Mach 6+ midcourse.
    The resulting, 'is this the guy?' ability to generate a composite 3D track from midcourse onwards is a notable advantage to SARH homing vs. stealth targets and would be a notable advantage of a weapon with purpose built, FOG, gyro autopilot and precision antenna pointing.
    Finally, the missile has a 'dual band, dual mode' homing seeker. While switching from SARH to ARH is not all that new, the ability to step from X 8-12 to Ka 18-25 Gigahertz is. In that it allows the missile to switch up to a very high PRF waveform which is much more sensitive to surface irregularities in a 'spotlight', precision pre-pointed, mode which illuminates the target and only the target, specifically.
    R-37M has routinely been stated to be able to track the F-35 and has, in testing, tracked a .1m2 tactical ballistic missile which it intercepted, only 5 seconds from launch, at a closure of Mach 10.
    Which brings us to employment modes. Supposedly the AA-13A Axehead has three principle options: A. Active After Launch. B. Radio-Corrected Inertial. C. Reprogrammable.
    The first mode is important for systems like the Su-35S and Su-57 (both of which have accredited Axehead kills) because they combine the hypervelocity, direct engagement, capability of the weapon kinematic with a 50% greater than AMRAAM C-5 baseline acquisition range of 18-20nm.
    When you get downrange faster (no loft) and you acquire further, your MAR skate zone is bigger and your shot count per target is lower for any given SSPK. The threat cannot run away with cranks and hooks.
    RCI is the baseline TVM mode which brings with it a 'no warning' Linear Slide intercept mechanic in which advanced AI drives the missile guidance steer algorithms to put the weapon ahead of the target intercept vector and then snap back against it, to maintain optimum target:seeker alignment and minimize target G-avoidance options. This is not PN based homing and it again takes major advantage of the missile hypervelocity status and wide off boresight capabilities to allow the weapon to trajectory shape its own endgame, homing to zeroed LOS-R and then committing to an FQ pure intercept.
    Reprogrammable is the most mysterious. It may suggest the ability of the weapon to handoff to separate illuminators. As happened in the 1994 test, when the (period) MiG-31 could not see the target at range and needed the aid of an Su-30 to accomplish the full intercept. In a modern context, with the Su-57 known to be active in-theater; the suggestive update to this technique is to allow for max range handoffs of 400km or more, followed by terminal illumination by a stealthy platform which does not have to commit to close approach to provide No-36 updating.
    At its most simplistic, this suggests the ability to simply designate target A-Pole search footprints based on a common waveform and pilot/WSO observed target behaviors (ground track vectors). Such as would allow the missile to arrive at a useful height and downrange capability to clear interruptive terrain mask and score planview acquisition kills in an optimized snapdown maneuver.
    At its most sophisticated, it may suggest multimode NCW/CEC and even passive AA-ARM capability, based on previously entered waveform data and handoff handshake codes as well as specific threat emitter types. The Zaslon is likely a 30kw radar which has a large PAO coolant capability to permit constant duty cycle and 1.1m power products to maximize tracking distance. Combined with four Foxhounds in a flight, this could put enough cooperative sensing energy onto target to enable tracking of even stealth air vehicles. The AGM-129 had an RCS of .1m2 and the Zaslon can see that, within useful Amos ranges (69nm max flyout).
    When you have a big missile, being produced at specific state-factory profit ratios, the potential exists for a very sophisticated GCS/CNS interaction to be value-added to the weapons system.

    • @xyz-hj6ul
      @xyz-hj6ul ปีที่แล้ว +1

      ARGUMENT:
      Pursuing stealth, certainly as a be-all/end-all may well have been a mistake. The F-14D ASF/Tomcat 21 was abandoned and the Phoenix weapons system retired so that there would not be a 'good enough' competitor to AFX which the USN desperately wanted to rival the F-22. Because yes, they are children like that.
      Stealth dictates weapons bay size and makes doctrinal Douhet assumptions about penetrability which simply do not hold up, in the longer term. Especially when VLO itself is so sensitive and fighting Peer State rivals so dangerous that it can only happen via proxies who are not cleared to have access to the likes of the F-35.
      With this as a given, what rules the access to medium high altitude airspace is heavy, radar SAM. And overmatching that capability is what innately requires the look-in/shoot-in capability of VLRAAM. Both as early detection counters to the likes of Tochka and ATACMS.
      And as a means to deny the threat FEBA access to the frontal battlespace with which to support troops in contact. Or to provide area defense against interdictors.
      Heavy R-37M usage over Ukraine began in June 2022, it picked up again, in September/October after 'parts' were delivered, mid-summer to supposedly reconstitute an maintenance unserviceable force of MiG-29 and Su-27.
      Yet there are Russian pilots with as many as 9 Axehead, kills. And the demand for Patriot became so extreme by December that it was finally acceded to by the Biden Whitehouse.
      If, on any given set of 30 days, in the last six months, the R-37M was fired six times per day with a .25 SSPK, the Axehead has scored 45 kills from what was likely never more than 60 jets in total.
      When you have the Kiev Post writing entire articles dedicated to underlining how bad a missile the R-37M is, how 'it can be beaten if it can be detected' and 'besides this, the Russians are probably running out of them...' as pure copium, you know it's a nightmare that is very much at the top of Ukrainian monster-under-bed thoughts. Because they spent so much energy, in July and August, trying to shut down the airfields in Crimea where its MiG-31 carrier is/was based, with risky drone attacks.
      CONCLUSION:
      It is likely that the Ukrainian air force effectively no longer exists. It is likely that the PAC-2 GEM-T, with its 190km engagement capability, is desperately needed, as a replacement for lost Flanker/Fulcrums. And as an alternative for S-300s which are being rapidly depleted and/or hunted down chasing low value drones and cruise missiles.
      Far from being an exotic, single-mission, 'bomber killer' capability that has limited application in the real world, the VLRAAM may well be the hallmark of future airpower with the speed to be reactive, the range to be able to operate within a friendly SAM bastion while standing off from a hostile one. And the sophistication of guidance to hit very difficult targets.
      It has the potential, in combination with powerful AI radars and/or VLO, the option to be used, quasi-ballistically, with conventional missile trucks launching weapons which are targeted by penetrating midcourse handoff platforms ranging from stealth fighters to UCAVs, to completely disrupt enemy air operations in their own rear areas. Around MOBs, refueling tracks, and ISR/BMC2/BACN orbits.
      We have made a grave error in ignoring the potential of these missiles. Not least because they _can_ be used, externally or as part of an expeditionary capability, to aid proxy allies in peripheral wars where stealth cannot be.

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว

      You have so many mistakes ,sorry. N007 Zaslon is classic pulse-Doppler radar that can work in 3 main combat modes : PPS or front hemisphere or incoming tracked aircraft ( working mode of the main transmitter is High PRF ) max instrumented search range 600kms . AVT or avtomat ( automatic ) that is PPS/ZPS or front/rear hemisphere combat mode ( incoming and receding simultaneously tracked aircraft ) which combines High and Medium PRF and with max instrumented search range of 400kms. Then we have ZPS or rear hemisphere combat mode ( receding aircraft) with Medium PRF working mode of the main transmitter and with max instremented search range fo 200kms . PRF in High PRF mode is 200kHz and PRF in Medium PRF mode is 50kHz. So the RIO in the rear cockpit has one switch with 3 marks : PPS ,AVT and ZPS .
      Radar N007AM Zaslon-AM that is in MiG-31BM is something new and as I wrote before this radar for the first time in one fighter works in C band . Antenna system is from original N007 Zaslon ( 1.1 m in diameter ) but with new waveguide system and also new digital radar computer Baget-55-06 that is more capable then the old Argon-15A .Main transmitter is more powerfull ( 10kW of average power in HPRF mode ) ,secondary one is older and works in X band for CWI of egaged targets.
      About R-37M, yes the radar homing head type 9B1103M-350 called Shayba is dual-band /dual-mode where ARH mode works in Ku band and SARH mode works in X band . Radar homing head does not have AESA but plannar array with waveguide system for both active mode ( Ku band ) and semi-active mode ( X band) . This dual-band /dual-mode radar homing system is also used in new A2A missile R-77-1 . It is very hard to jamm because both of modes can be used simultaneously or separetly . Boresight angle limit is +/-120° ,so total angle aspect for search ( FoV ) is 240°. Something that possess Su-35S radar N035 Irbis e.g. because antenna reflector of Shayba with diameter 350mm is gyro-stabilised and has gymball to move and roll the antenna . About guidance of R-37M ,we have two phases: first as inertial ( INS , autopilot and with proportional approximation method ) with possible use of data-link channel ( radio-command channel ) with max range from radar of 100kms. Second or terminal phase with ARH or SARH mode ( as mentioned simultaneously or separetly) .
      What we have here :
      ''Which brings us to employment modes. Supposedly the AA-13A Axehead has three principle options: A. Active After Launch. B. Radio-Corrected Inertial. C. Reprogrammable.
      The first mode is important for systems like the Su-35S and Su-57 (both of which have accredited Axehead kills) because they combine the hypervelocity, direct engagement, capability of the weapon kinematic with a 50% greater than AMRAAM C-5 baseline acquisition range of 18-20nm.''
      R-37M ( Izdeliye 610M ) has two launch modes : in WVR with use of ARH mode only ( LOBL capability ) but only on Su-35S with missiles attached under wings and air intakes . This combat mode can not be used in MiG-31BM 'cause all 4 R-37M are semi-retracted under fuselage. In BVR we have LOAL capability with that INS/ radio-command /correction channel and ARH or/and SARH mode in terminal phase . About Su-57 ,for Su-57 we have new missile designated as R-97 ( Izdeliye 810 ) . Do not understand that detail of comparison with what AIM-120C5 ??? Where is relationship between heavy R-37M and much smaller and lighter AIM-120C5 anyway ?
      Then we have this :
      ''The Zaslon is likely a 30kw radar which has a large PAO coolant capability to permit constant duty cycle and 1.1m power products to maximize tracking distance. Combined with four Foxhounds in a flight, this could put enough cooperative sensing energy onto target to enable tracking of even stealth air vehicles. The AGM-129 had an RCS of .1m2 and the Zaslon can see that, within useful Amos ranges (69nm max flyout). ''
      30kW of what ? Did You know that Zaslon has max output power of almost 1MW when works in HPRF mode ( mode where radar energy goes from the reflector of the antenna to open airspace and it is not so called EA / EKV mode or Equivalent of the antenna mode, ''stand-by mode'' as westerners called it where radar signals go from transmit channel to the reflector of the antenna ) . 69 nm or about 120kms ??? Yes, if MiG-31's pilot launches it from only 5kms of altitude . Max possible effective or as we use to say in military dictionary , max authorised launch distance for engaging big air incoming target by the parameter ''Drmax1'' for R-33 is 250kms ( launching parameters : real speed =2.8M , altitude =22kms ). In many trials from 70's and in 80's , MiG-31 engaged radio-controled bombers Tu-16 from a distance of 200-250kms . Launching parameter 'Dr max 1' ( translated from russian ) is Authorised distance for engaging big non-maneuverable aircraft.
      About that stealthy cruise missile AGM-129A ACM that is no more operational , RCS in X band in front aspect was 0.01m2. It is interesting to note that basic version of Zaslon from 70's has capability to detect US stealth tactical bomber F-117A and low flying cruise missiles Tomahawk and AGM-86 ( RCS in X band 0.1-0.3m2 ) from very long range even that USAF aircraft and missiles were not operational in that time ( MiG-31 with N007 Zaslon became operational in 1980) .Then we had modernized N007A Zaslon-A in MiG-31B / BS from the beggining of the 90's to detect new strategic stealth bomber B-2A and new stealthy strategic cruise missiles AGM-129A ( RCS in X band 0.01m2 ) from very long range. Again , MiG-31B with Zaslon-A became operational before those USAF aircraft and missile . Modernized version N007AM Zaslon-AM which works in C band for modernized MiG-31BM that was first publicly shown at MAKS 2005 , has capability to detect new USAF stealth fighters F-22A and F-35 , possibly new hypersonic missiles and new aero and quasiballistic missiles from very long range. All best !

  • @borjejohansson6805
    @borjejohansson6805 ปีที่แล้ว

    My dad and his team from Data Saab have been developing this system in 1969 in order to apply it on the Vigen and later generation fighter concepts. It never went in production in it's original concept, but it finished in some today's civil aviation goodies.
    Another great video, as allways.

  • @MyDagfinn
    @MyDagfinn ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Very useful - keep up the good work. I for one, learned aomething, thank you!

  • @TheJahangirkhattak
    @TheJahangirkhattak ปีที่แล้ว

    want to subscribe this channel 1 billion times but youtube won't allow this to happen. This channel is unbiased and most realistic material i will ever find on TH-cam

  • @vickydroid
    @vickydroid ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Bravo, a fine video on an interesting weapon system. That 9.8 m per second per second bonus with height has been useful since we could drop stones on each other, one problem with the Ukrainians mirroring the Russian 90 degree tactic would be where all the staging would be to get to altitude accelerate to speed then launch even with a Gripen/Meteor combination and Mig 31 probably has a 0.5 Mach advantage to give their missile at launch and AEW on top of its own radars to see and note the change to high altitude signifying what kind of mission they'd be on. Wonder if Patriot was being seen as a counter or deterrent to this tactic.

  • @jozseftoth9368
    @jozseftoth9368 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I always loved this aircraft, i knew it is very capable and very fast. It had to wait 30 years to make its entry, but man, it turned out to be a spectacular show!

  • @nealrcn
    @nealrcn ปีที่แล้ว +6

    In terms I understand. See Russia has this plane that is very fast but straight line goddess. Like my old pickup it can still haul and deliver.

  • @georgehunter2813
    @georgehunter2813 ปีที่แล้ว

    That opening scene with the yellow nit capped OG bopping to a ghetto blaster on his shoulder is just too cool. Had to replay it a couple of times before getting into content.

  • @nowarwithrussiaandchina4667
    @nowarwithrussiaandchina4667 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    Thanks for the analysis, the MiG-31 has some unexpected advantages due to it's speed, altitude and size. The Russians have used the MiG-31 also as a great Kinzhal ALBM launcher as well. Your view on the launch parameters of the weapon combined with the speed of the MiG-31 is a good one. Tactically the Gripen/Meteor is a good combo but Ukrainian pilots will take awhile to learn to use the aircraft and strategically it's a dangerous escalation of the war. In terms of how Russia is doing in the air war, I'm skeptical of RUSI because of their bias of using mainly Ukrainian MoD information and RUSI being tied to the British government. However even they admit Ukraine is obviously is being clearly outclassed in any air to air engagement due to the inferiority of their aircraft/missile combination and also their lack of AWACS. About as one-sided as NATO vs Serbia in the 90s. For your air defense comment, I think those air defense bubbles was true earlier in the conflict but I think Ukrainian air defense is gradually being grinded down by the overwhelming use of cruise, ballistic and drone weapons.

    • @hb1338
      @hb1338 ปีที่แล้ว

      RUSI is not tied to any official UK institution, it is entirely independent. The only exception to this is that the UK Ministry of Defence asks them to keep certain information out of the public domain.

    • @nowarwithrussiaandchina4667
      @nowarwithrussiaandchina4667 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@hb1338 Has any RUSI analyst said anything truly outside the norm to test your hypothesis?

  • @elwoodkelly9554
    @elwoodkelly9554 ปีที่แล้ว

    Fascinating video. I can see why it takes years to properly train pilots. The datalink capabilities between aircraft I found amazing.

  • @MotoGreciaMarios
    @MotoGreciaMarios ปีที่แล้ว +3

    I thought this would be over the alleged bringing back into active duty of the F-117. I got really concerned about this, if it is true (which I can not guarantee). With the B21's advent quite close, what could possibly push the americans into spending so much money, bringing back the venerable Nighthawk from its hibernation? I think they grew a fear of something and I was hoping to see here what it is. So I was even more surprised wy watching this video.
    I've been reading about military aviation since I was 12 (I am 45 now) and I've got to say that your content is truly of high quality, very thouroughly researched and very well presented too. And I love the comment on the "offended people", nice one lol.

  • @mikaso20042000
    @mikaso20042000 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Excellent video as always,wish you good luck and health in new year and of course keep up with good work!

  • @debalik8806
    @debalik8806 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    One of my Russian Friends in Telegram told me that according to most Russian Ministry of Defense declarations in Russia - It is the 4 decades old Soviet era equipment which are performing well & actually keeping Russia in the fight. For example If one notices carefully then most of the T-90A & even some T-90M Proryv have been ripped apart by Javelin ATGMS. On the contrary, the Soviet manufactured T-72B3 has performed relatively well, though the performance is still very bad but better than T-80 or T-90. Similarly, The old BMP-2 has been much more useful than the much vaunted BMP-3, BMP-T. The New Stereguschiy, Buyan-M class Corvettes & the Frigate "Admiral Makarov" have been similarly useless for the Russian Navy. However, as long as The Slava Class Cruiser "Moskva" was Active in the Black Sea, it was an absolute nightmare for Ukraine. That Old ship single-handedly pulverized Ukrainian Military's Southern command. Coming to the RuAF, the much vaunted Su-35S was repeatedly shot down by Stinger MANPADS in the beginning of the war. Dozens of Su-34S,M, Su-24D, Su-25M & Su-30 SM, SM2 have been shot down until now when they were operating against 4 decades old Soviet era Air Defenses fielded by UkrAF. Surprisingly though, the Soviet Era Sukhoi Su-27 SM3 & the Mikoyan-Gurevich Mig-31 BM were much more successful in the Air Combat Patrols carried out by them, with the Mig-31 claiming several Air to Air kills against UkrAF Mig-29s. When I asked him the reasons for the better performance of older equipments, he replied that The Soviet Armed Forces were Far more professional than the present day Russian Military. While the Russian military is corrupted to the core & gladly inducts half-baked platforms whose Actual Performance is not even close to its paper specifications, the Soviet military had a strict testing phase before inducting any platform. Love it or hate it, but the USSR was a True Military Superpower with a competitive Military Industrial Complex whose 4 decades old equipments continue to outshine even the Latest Russian Military equipments in the battlefield.

    • @jamesomalley3566
      @jamesomalley3566 ปีที่แล้ว

      Sounds like bullshit to me....

    • @92HazelMocha
      @92HazelMocha ปีที่แล้ว +1

      They were first to space for a reason.

    • @goranstevanovic4724
      @goranstevanovic4724 ปีที่แล้ว

      Lol, my Russian friend told me all the contrary.

    • @debalik8806
      @debalik8806 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@goranstevanovic4724 Possible but I do think that Soviet manufactured equipments have fared far better than Post-1991 Russian manufactured equipments. Mig-31 is a shining example.

  • @mahyadnaadlaw3112
    @mahyadnaadlaw3112 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    You're right. We also need to know the 'other' developments.
    It keeps everything in balance.

  • @cannonfodder4376
    @cannonfodder4376 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    Did not know the Zaslon radar could operate in the L-Band. Now that I think of it due to its size I can see that being the case but I need to study radars a bit more to know the specifics of how that can be.
    Gotta pick up that book.
    Another superlative video on fighter that has always been overlooked in the West. As a CAP aircraft it is lethal indeed and I have no doubt the Russians will be taking notes about what lessons to draw from their experience.

    • @aviator77migsukhoi34
      @aviator77migsukhoi34 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Yes , Zaslon operates in L band but only for IFF/ID work ,nothing else. Every radar from 60's/70's ( with parabolic dish antenna , Cassagrain mirrors-antennas , plannar/slotted antenna arrays and of course phased antenna arrays ) has L band IFF capability . The new thing is that newer Zaslon-AM operates in C band with main transmitter( TWT ) for search-detect-track and in X band with secondary transmitter but only for lock-on and CWI of engaged targets.

  • @faisalalibux9725
    @faisalalibux9725 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    1 of my favorite aircrafts...mig 31....breathtaking...

  • @MrClydie_Po_Po
    @MrClydie_Po_Po ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Love the "31"...such a kinda romantic mystique surrounding it. Wonderful aircraft...just love it 😍😍

  • @happysalesguy
    @happysalesguy ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Excellent, thank you! You explained this exceptionally well.

  • @ChristianThePagan
    @ChristianThePagan ปีที่แล้ว +5

    The canopy framing of that MiG-31 looks like a piece of 19th century cast iron work that's got 29 layers of old paint jobs on it because nobody ever bothered to strip the old ones off and treat the mong and corrosion underneath before applying a new coat of paint.

    • @elmersbalm5219
      @elmersbalm5219 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      I assume it has to do with it’s high mach speed

    • @ChristianThePagan
      @ChristianThePagan ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@elmersbalm5219 Why? Just looks to me like piss poor maintenance.

    • @haroldjedrzejczyk9449
      @haroldjedrzejczyk9449 ปีที่แล้ว

      Russians don't care nearly as much about clean airframes and top-flight maintenance as most Western countries do. "Ees plane. Eet flys high, fast, and far to shoot down enemies of Motherland from far away. Vhat more you vant?" 😉

    • @ChristianThePagan
      @ChristianThePagan ปีที่แล้ว

      @@haroldjedrzejczyk9449 Still, you’d think they’d make an exception for possible corrosion in a Mach 2.5 airframe.

  • @joncox9719
    @joncox9719 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Excellent research and great report! You sir are the #1 Source for accurate information on these Russian Aircraft! Great Report! So informative!

  • @chrissartain4430
    @chrissartain4430 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Great videos as always, people are always afraid of ignorance.

  • @operator0
    @operator0 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    You know that the U.S. Navy is kicking themselves in the ass watching how effective the MIG-31 and R37 combo is in this conflict. They had an answer that, if kept up-to-date, could be a good counter to this Russian tactic. Of course, the F-14 wouldn't be used in this conflict, baring the U.S. sending their own personnel into the theater, but it is a harbinger of what could happen in a potential conflict with this Russian platform, and the U.S. has almost no counter to it right now, aside from risking deep penetration intercepts with the F-22. Imagine how potent the F-14/AIM-54 would be if it received upgrades like the F-15/AMRAAM.

  • @mariosarmeniakos2669
    @mariosarmeniakos2669 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Καλή και δημιουργική χρονιά να έχουμε περιμένω κι άλλα βίντεο και θα θέλαμε κι άλλα περιεχόμενα αναφορικά με την τακτική στην Ουκρανία

    • @alexbrands11
      @alexbrands11 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Где и когда ты наблюдал "украинскую тактику"!?? 🤣🌺🤣Счас тактика одна- сесть поглубже в окопе и высунуть каску на стволе!!

    • @mariosarmeniakos2669
      @mariosarmeniakos2669 ปีที่แล้ว

      Εγώ πάντως εννοώ την τακτική που χρησιμοποιείται στην Ουκρανία

  • @7thchamp658
    @7thchamp658 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Interesting that you mentioned the Grippen to be the best suited counter to Russian jets, i'm assuming that's because Sweden was able to observe and plan for countering Russian jets.

  • @dexlab7539
    @dexlab7539 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Outstanding analysis - very smart! PS. Love to hear about Russian aircraft 😊

  • @hypervoreian827
    @hypervoreian827 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    there is a reason older cold war systems remain relevant; They were products of extreme cost and effort. USSR put huge funds into the development of MiG31 .
    The aircraft has otherworldly perofrmace; It retains 2,3 M at afterburner for 650 Km. it basically out runs and out ranges any modern supercruise aircraft.
    add to that an 1,2 or 1,4 m radar cone nose , and you have the perfect interceptor. It cannot be easily replaced cause a similar aircraft would be extra expensive in nowadays . Huge parts of the aircraft is processed titanium and other materials that require expertise and big intallations to be produced.
    I believe the russia would like to reopen production line but it is not technically possible any more.

  • @RogueBeatsARG
    @RogueBeatsARG ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Mig 31 is younger than the F-15 tho, wouldnt call it obsolete... The idea of bomber interceptors sure it is obsolete

  • @jamesngotts
    @jamesngotts ปีที่แล้ว +1

    While I’m American, I am a fan of all military aviation and I have to give the Russians (then Soviets) credit where credit is due. The Mig-31 had some revolutionary capability though limited in role to BVR or at least long range combat. It would have been frighting going up against them if the cold war had gone hot.

  • @gaittr
    @gaittr ปีที่แล้ว +13

    I'm an American pilot and I've always admired the MIG 31. No other country in the world has a plane quite like the MIG 31. Like you said, it has to do with requirements. It's a Wonderful aircraft and I'm glad the airframe is still being used.

    • @RoboticPope
      @RoboticPope ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Yeah. It's mentioned here that Canada had a similar requirement for an aircraft. The Avro Arrow was their "Mig-31" and they might also have still been using updated versions of it today had it's development not been cancelled.

    • @jamegumb7298
      @jamegumb7298 ปีที่แล้ว

      Requirements and use.
      When introduced, it was taken into service (as Mig-25 anyway) with the air defence forces, not their air force. This should tell you a lot about how they intended to use it.

  • @marcg1686
    @marcg1686 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    The Gripen is a fine plane but East European users have stated that its climb rate is way less than the MiG-29. You need acceleration for long distance BVR.

    • @WigSplitters
      @WigSplitters ปีที่แล้ว +5

      for bvr you dont need acceleration. you need top speed a good radar and a good missile to boot however this combination relies on the opponents not having/using stealth fighters. but its a perfect combo for fighting ukraine

    • @marcg1686
      @marcg1686 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @@WigSplitters Correct, you need speed. You have to get to that speed, you can't just maintain it for an entire aircap.

    • @Gripen90
      @Gripen90 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      The Gripen E has a much better thrust to weight ration with the new engine, F414-GE-39E turbofan, also developed by General Electric.

    • @marcg1686
      @marcg1686 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@Gripen90 Indeed, but the Gripen E is not on the cards. The Ukrainians would get C models.

    • @WigSplitters
      @WigSplitters ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@marcg1686 and it doesn't matter anyways, the mig31 engines are built for extreme altitudes unlike most other engines, I would assume that at the high altitudes the mig31 has a better acceleration than most modern jets even with its weight

  • @imd-in67
    @imd-in67 ปีที่แล้ว

    Best objective analysis I've ever seen all over the internet, glad you're doing well buddy, thanks for the content 👌happy new year 🎊 BTW

  • @DmitryKandiner
    @DmitryKandiner ปีที่แล้ว +5

    BTW, MiG-31K is also used as a platform for Kh-47M2 Kinzhal hypersonic air-to-surface missiles.

  • @ABCantonese
    @ABCantonese ปีที่แล้ว +2

    3:55 Yes @Canadian. CF-105. They haven't had anything that's good for Arctic patrol in forever.

  • @darrenthorpe7729
    @darrenthorpe7729 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I don't care who you are working for, just keep the juicy technical information flowing

  • @alexbrands11
    @alexbrands11 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Мучачо!! Один важный момент!!- Ты читаешь пиндосовскую литературу по русской авиации!! А это как раз стратегическая ошибка! Нужно было читать КИТАЙСКИЕ СЕКРЕТНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ!!🤣🌺🤣