Great video! Essential content being shared by a specialist in a fun easy to follow format. I really appreciate all your efforts involved in creating these videos. I am a concrete maniac myself and freak out with all things Civil Engineering.
Superb video Dr Ley. Sir, using fly ash as a replacement for sand can increase the fire resistance,as fly ash is formed under a very high temperature,the energy requirement for it's phase change is higher than conventional aggregate.Also fly ash based geopolymer coarse aggregates can also be manufactured,which when used can increase the fire resistance of concrete substantially.
Spalling from fire is coming in a few videos. The next video is about fire ratings. I thought this was enough content for a single video. I talked about thermal cracking in a previous video. You can find it here: th-cam.com/video/LGImMUs7AS0/w-d-xo.html I didn't talk about fire specifically in that video but the same concepts apply.
Great videos, it would be good to hear what you think the train fire on the Kerch Straight Bridge did to the concrete and if it is still viable to use safely.
You seem to be a knowledgeable person, it's a real shame you didn't use centigrade for the scientists and engineers who are watching this from outside the US.
This guy doesn't answer ours questions I don't get it he seems smart he should think of any possible question and writes down the answers as part of the video No one does that
Hey @Tyler what would you recommend for a mix that can be used with a wood oven? Say you had: 1 part Portland cement 3 parts silica sand 1 part dehydrated lime 1 part fireclay What aggregate would you use? Or truly what mix would you use for ovens that can go VERY hot. Love your videos! Keep it up
Have you published any information about refractory mixes for items like fire brick, foundries, forges and mass rocket stoves? Many backyard TH-cam experimenters have, but I would really like to see some info about this from a credible source like yourself.
I'm trying to make a slab for a pizza oven most likely 36x36 is there any mixture I can use that will stand up to the heat it will be a free floating with fire underneath
Hello sir amazing content i want to go through these graphs can you please provide the reference where these graphs are availible or link to your research paper so that i can quote and cite it in my research
I have seen and worked on a fire training tower and the chances of your concrete failing is more likely over many fires and it is unlikely that the concrete will lose its strength. It is more likely that the floor will separate at the steel as the steel will bend and crack the floor in half inside of the floor. Floor removal was no easier. Nor was it any lighter or more brittle. The strength was not measured but it was still hard as a rock and did not break in a 12 foot drop on to a floor below. For a building to have seen this many fires over the years the concrete stays in very good condition considering the abuse. I can not say the same for masonry block and joints around doors as they are obliderated by the heat.
Thanks for your effort Please, Could u send me a good explanation for how to evaluate fire-damage concrete buildings Because there is a huge mall has already damaged? Waiting for your help
Not sure if anyone gives a shit but if you guys are bored like me atm you can watch pretty much all of the new movies and series on instaflixxer. Have been binge watching with my gf recently =)
Thank you for your videos, I am learning a lot. Please ad metric units, because I am back and forth with the Google mashine to understand Fahrenheit. Keep up the good work 😊👍
Thanks for that video. It's certainly food for thought. The first thing that came to mind was whether expanded shale or igneous rock aggregate would survive better. Then I wondered if the waterproofing admixtures that are supposed to cause crystals to grow and fill cracks would work after a fire. After that, I started wondering what fire vulnerabilities might be added by other admixtures, like PVA and by plastic reinforcing fibers. I did a search for intumescent stucco, but all I found was paint.
Thanks again Sir Tyler. Very helpful. Lately, two adjacent bridges along our highway was subjected to extreme heat because of a big fire underneath it. One bridge has prestressed concrete superstructure and the other one has steel. They are planning to open it for light vehicles only (the prestressed one) four days after the fire after they have conducted test on the concrete. Maybe the result suggests that the concrete is still serviceable. What are your comments on this? What precautions should we take before opening it to traffic? Thank you very much. Your Channel is very helpful.
Mr. Tyler you are the most valuable person that i came across to on youtube. I would like to ask you about concrete's bahavior when you use it to fill metal beams hollow structural type. What is your opinion?
Americans don't know much about this, as they don't have much experience getting their concrete structures bombed. You should ask a German engineer, they know this extremely well (from WW2)
Can you do a comparison of fire remediation techniques to recover concrete strength? If that doesn't exist, well, give it a try! Would filling the cracks with cement or a chemical binder work, and for what temperature exposure?
Thank you for the information. I am replacing part of my sidewalk, and wanted to break the concrete into manageable pieces. I cut he concrete partially using a diamond blade. and was considering hitting cut lines with a propane weeding torch. I know the torch can get up to at least 1500 F, but was unsure if it'll be weakened enough to lightly strike it to cause it to fracture, or if I should pour water on top of it immediately after heating to cause the fracture. Another thing is if it is even worth the time heating the concrete.
@@TylerLey Yes, in specific my topic is compressive strength of concrete after being into high temperature and I want to learn more about it so that I will finished my research
Tyler Absolutely fantastic information. I represent the stucco industry and get the question all the time about fire and cement plaster. Is it still good? Why does it turn pink? NOW I KNOW. I cannot thank you enough. I have seen your presentations before, good job as always. I am kind of a stucco geek. so kind of related? LOL
IIRC iron changes crystal structure around 700°C (not sure about the number), which severely weakens the iron structure. However, the concrete would probably fail first.
Sir, I recently see this channel, I am a new subscriber for this chanel. I didn't see this much of detailed video ever. Thank you very much. I have two project proposal for my academy, may you give suggestions regarding them. 1. PROJECT PROPOSAL ON FEASIBILITY OF USING CHIKEN FEATHER FIBRE AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR FINE AGGREGATE TO PRODUCE LIGHTWEIGHT INTERLOCKING CEMENT BLOCKS 2. Experimental study on using pine cone ash as partial replacement of fine aggregate... Will these acceptable sir ?
Good day...you videos is very informative...I would like to know if it will be possible to build a "kamado grill" out of cement?the ones you can buy are made of a type of ceramic and are crazy expensive...thanks
So adding this information to the world trade centre argument or conspiracy for example.. it would certainly add to the deterioration of the structure? As the beams were loaded or pre stressed into the concrete, surely, this would have a detrimental impact on the beams and the structures ability to stay upright? As the temperatures exceeded the integrity of the aggregates inside the concrete. Standing so high in the sky, would allow the concrete to cool quicker, as well as the windows allowing draft throughout and the end result would be a critical failure of the concrete.... I am sure there is far more to it, but I haven't seen any evidence presented in regards to the concrete of the structure causing the catastrophic failure. So If the building is heated, the concrete is heated and then fails, surely this would be the predetermined outcome for any building subjected to such heat over a duration???
There is a great book called why buildings fall down that covers this suggest you read this. Basically a design failure in the connection of the cantilever section of steelwork and an unhealthy amount of lack of maintenance caused the first few storeys to collapse, the rest is a Disproportionate collapse unfortunately. Nothing exciting in the failure. However the fact that the sweeds left sugesting they knew about the attack beforehand is interesting.
You don't want a generation of inexperienced rookies thinking that concrete is bad in a fire! Concrete is about the best structures in a fire, compared to steel (even fireproofed) and wood. At just 500 degrees, those other materials would be toast and concrete would be fine. Steel expands and becomes a noodle, wood (even fire-resistant wood) is only more fuel to the fire. To get to 1000 degrees, it takes an hour or more in a concrete structure, and most structures don't have that much fuel to sustain the fire. You can do what is called a rational analysis of members of a concrete structure and the weak link is the steel reinforcing that gets too hot and loses strength, before the concrete is an issue. I hate to see "Engineers" saying once the concrete goes to 1000 degrees, the building is a write-off. Also, fire damaged concrete can be relatively easily repaired.
Well that’s rude, we are all inexpierenced rookies before we ever become anything else dont ever forget that or it will bite you in the arse as it has me. Technically wood chars so is quite fire resistant under normal fire, obviously on longer span deflection dictates, so deeper wood is used increasing the charring factor, this clearly has it limitation, however it should not be ignored. Steel beams under heat weakens and reaches plastic hinge formation and deforms gently at the hinges causing a slow failure. Reinforced concrete however as heated means steel rebar forms plastic hinges cracking the concrete and transferring more compression into the concrete causing explosive shear failure. as for only concrete structure as talked about in this video they don’t existing beyond compression only so what the point and subject to any tension load they would be camput, such as wind or eccentric loads.
@@safffff1000 Your problem :D That's why you can never watch or read any scientific article. But don't worry, one day even Americans become civilised enough to ditch those outdated cavemen units.
@@safffff1000 Not really smart. This is what can happen when you use both units: edition.cnn.com/TECH/space/9909/30/mars.metric.02/ There is absolutely no need to use Fahrenheit, miles, inches, pounds, stones, sticks, potatoes, etc. for measuring anything. Only US and Myanmar are the last countries on Earth who still use these. Oh and one more third world country, don't wanna google which one it is.
Crimea bridge, what do you think
Crack !!
Great video!
Essential content being shared by a specialist in a fun easy to follow format.
I really appreciate all your efforts involved in creating these videos.
I am a concrete maniac myself and freak out with all things Civil Engineering.
Amazing video Engineer, but what about the colour of limestone?
Superb video Dr Ley. Sir, using fly ash as a replacement for sand can increase the fire resistance,as fly ash is formed under a very high temperature,the energy requirement for it's phase change is higher than conventional aggregate.Also fly ash based geopolymer coarse aggregates can also be manufactured,which when used can increase the fire resistance of concrete substantially.
Thanks Kushal! I didn't think about that. This a great tip.
You are welcome Sir. Glad to contribute in some manner.
Spalling from fire is coming in a few videos. The next video is about fire ratings.
I thought this was enough content for a single video.
I talked about thermal cracking in a previous video. You can find it here: th-cam.com/video/LGImMUs7AS0/w-d-xo.html
I didn't talk about fire specifically in that video but the same concepts apply.
How hot do "usual" building fires get?
Great job. Thanks. Will be using in Lahaina
I really enjoyed your clip! Much appreciated!
Which concrete should I use to make a small fire pit? They all keep cracking :( iv tried so many different kinds
Thank you so much! New information for me and my work
Thanks for watching!
Great videos, it would be good to hear what you think the train fire on the Kerch Straight Bridge did to the concrete and if it is still viable to use safely.
Excellent video!!! Thanks.
You seem to be a knowledgeable person, it's a real shame you didn't use centigrade for the scientists and engineers who are watching this from outside the US.
You have done well
I love concrete so much too
Hello sir, do you have any information about lightweight concrete air content and fire resistance.....
Loved this video sir. Well done
Are the DIY concrete firewood stove safe to use?
That's what I want to know too!
This guy doesn't answer ours questions
I don't get it he seems smart he should think of any possible question and writes down the answers as part of the video
No one does that
I'm making a small furnace for a BBQ. It isn't weight bearing, should I just use pure concrete or mortar mix?
Nice video , I hope that you give more information about the source of the graphs that you showed.
What Kind of cement do you recommend for a bonfire pit?
What's your opinion on using concrete pavers for a pizza oven??? I keep finding mixed views. Some say it survives fine. Others warn it could explode!
Hey @Tyler what would you recommend for a mix that can be used with a wood oven?
Say you had:
1 part Portland cement
3 parts silica sand
1 part dehydrated lime
1 part fireclay
What aggregate would you use? Or truly what mix would you use for ovens that can go VERY hot.
Love your videos! Keep it up
The Kerch bridge brought me here.
Have you published any information about refractory mixes for items like fire brick, foundries, forges and mass rocket stoves? Many backyard TH-cam experimenters have, but I would really like to see some info about this from a credible source like yourself.
Super useful
I'm trying to make a slab for a pizza oven most likely 36x36 is there any mixture I can use that will stand up to the heat it will be a free floating with fire underneath
Hello sir amazing content i want to go through these graphs can you please provide the reference where these graphs are availible or link to your research paper so that i can quote and cite it in my research
Fascinating!.Why the one negative?
Thanks a lot for your sharing.
Very insightful. Keep it up.
Thanks dr Tyler !!!
Thank you!!!
Thank you Tyler!!!
Thanks Tyler.
I have seen and worked on a fire training tower and the chances of your concrete failing is more likely over many fires and it is unlikely that the concrete will lose its strength. It is more likely that the floor will separate at the steel as the steel will bend and crack the floor in half inside of the floor. Floor removal was no easier. Nor was it any lighter or more brittle. The strength was not measured but it was still hard as a rock and did not break in a 12 foot drop on to a floor below. For a building to have seen this many fires over the years the concrete stays in very good condition considering the abuse. I can not say the same for masonry block and joints around doors as they are obliderated by the heat.
Will done
Thanks for your effort
Please, Could u send me a good explanation for how to evaluate fire-damage concrete buildings
Because there is a huge mall has already damaged?
Waiting for your help
Not sure if anyone gives a shit but if you guys are bored like me atm you can watch pretty much all of the new movies and series on instaflixxer. Have been binge watching with my gf recently =)
@Alijah Franklin Yup, I've been watching on InstaFlixxer for since november myself =)
Thank you for your videos, I am learning a lot. Please ad metric units, because I am back and forth with the Google mashine to understand Fahrenheit. Keep up the good work 😊👍
Thanks! I will do my best in the future.
I feel you.
Thanks for that video. It's certainly food for thought. The first thing that came to mind was whether expanded shale or igneous rock aggregate would survive better. Then I wondered if the waterproofing admixtures that are supposed to cause crystals to grow and fill cracks would work after a fire. After that, I started wondering what fire vulnerabilities might be added by other admixtures, like PVA and by plastic reinforcing fibers. I did a search for intumescent stucco, but all I found was paint.
Thanks again Sir Tyler. Very helpful. Lately, two adjacent bridges along our highway was subjected to extreme heat because of a big fire underneath it. One bridge has prestressed concrete superstructure and the other one has steel. They are planning to open it for light vehicles only (the prestressed one) four days after the fire after they have conducted test on the concrete. Maybe the result suggests that the concrete is still serviceable. What are your comments on this? What precautions should we take before opening it to traffic? Thank you very much. Your Channel is very helpful.
Can you do the same with hemp concrete?
In the future, please also add temperatures in centigrade for the scientists, engineers and builders who are watching this from outside the US!
Mr. Tyler you are the most valuable person that i came across to on youtube.
I would like to ask you about concrete's bahavior when you use it to fill metal beams hollow structural type.
What is your opinion?
Would have been ool to see the river aggregate three-trace graph similar to the limestone one.
Love your videos!
Thank you so much!!!
great man
A sincere request could kindly a post a video on impact and explosive damage on concrete.
Americans don't know much about this, as they don't have much experience getting their concrete structures bombed. You should ask a German engineer, they know this extremely well (from WW2)
How is this free
Have any tests been done on basalt agg?
Didnt you mean faster with lower temperatures?
very cool Thank you.
Can you do a comparison of fire remediation techniques to recover concrete strength? If that doesn't exist, well, give it a try! Would filling the cracks with cement or a chemical binder work, and for what temperature exposure?
celsius temperatures would be nice to have added, but other than that, nice video
You probably should have quickly explain what is aggregate and paste at beginning of video for layman.
tq ,good information...
I am glad you enjoyed it!!
Thank you for the information. I am replacing part of my sidewalk, and wanted to break the concrete into manageable pieces. I cut he concrete partially using a diamond blade. and was considering hitting cut lines with a propane weeding torch. I know the torch can get up to at least 1500 F, but was unsure if it'll be weakened enough to lightly strike it to cause it to fracture, or if I should pour water on top of it immediately after heating to cause the fracture. Another thing is if it is even worth the time heating the concrete.
If you hit it with a torch, it will chip off and fly into your eyeballs. Better to just smash it up
SUCH A A GREAT VIDEO!!! ( are you ever in Los Angeles? ) i am sharing this with my team now- we make wet cast concrete tiles, pavers =]
Degree Centigrades please
if you dropped a metric ton of concrete into a forest fire what would happen?
These help me in my thesis
Great Lance! Are you doing research on fire damage of concrete?
@@TylerLey Yes, in specific my topic is compressive strength of concrete after being into high temperature and I want to learn more about it so that I will finished my research
Tyler
Absolutely fantastic information. I represent the stucco industry and get the question all the time about fire and cement plaster. Is it still good? Why does it turn pink? NOW I KNOW. I cannot thank you enough. I have seen your presentations before, good job as always. I am kind of a stucco geek. so kind of related? LOL
thanks
Thank you!
What happens to rebar when heated from fire
it gets warm
IIRC iron changes crystal structure around 700°C (not sure about the number), which severely weakens the iron structure. However, the concrete would probably fail first.
Why am I here? This is interesting....but how did I end up watching a video about freaking concrete. lol
Anyone else notice the increased blinking while looking at the camera and a decrease when looking at a screen off camera?
Hey i love concrete too!
What happens to concrete if it exposed to 300-400f temps for an extended period (days, weeks). That should bake out *all* the water.
You could have a little cracking but it shouldn't be a problem.
Huh!
All that and still didn't learn what brand don't crack under fire.
Sir, I recently see this channel, I am a new subscriber for this chanel. I didn't see this much of detailed video ever. Thank you very much. I have two project proposal for my academy, may you give suggestions regarding them.
1. PROJECT PROPOSAL ON FEASIBILITY OF USING CHIKEN FEATHER FIBRE AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR FINE AGGREGATE TO PRODUCE LIGHTWEIGHT INTERLOCKING CEMENT BLOCKS
2. Experimental study on using pine cone ash as partial replacement of fine aggregate...
Will these acceptable sir ?
Good day...you videos is very informative...I would like to know if it will be possible to build a "kamado grill" out of cement?the ones you can buy are made of a type of ceramic and are crazy expensive...thanks
While on the topic of concrete and fire, what sort of fire can pulverize concrete into powder like what happened on 911?
question? agg? crushed angular? ratios? sorry best i can do asking brain too weak lol , great info,
Small brain
wr
So adding this information to the world trade centre argument or conspiracy for example.. it would certainly add to the deterioration of the structure? As the beams were loaded or pre stressed into the concrete, surely, this would have a detrimental impact on the beams and the structures ability to stay upright? As the temperatures exceeded the integrity of the aggregates inside the concrete. Standing so high in the sky, would allow the concrete to cool quicker, as well as the windows allowing draft throughout and the end result would be a critical failure of the concrete.... I am sure there is far more to it, but I haven't seen any evidence presented in regards to the concrete of the structure causing the catastrophic failure. So If the building is heated, the concrete is heated and then fails, surely this would be the predetermined outcome for any building subjected to such heat over a duration???
There is a great book called why buildings fall down that covers this suggest you read this. Basically a design failure in the connection of the cantilever section of steelwork and an unhealthy amount of lack of maintenance caused the first few storeys to collapse, the rest is a Disproportionate collapse unfortunately. Nothing exciting in the failure. However the fact that the sweeds left sugesting they knew about the attack beforehand is interesting.
👍👍👍❤️
Thank you!!!
I'm disappointed you weren't so yelly and air grasping in the video. 😝 I'm very passionate about Fire Dynamics
Here is a finite element simulation of thermal damage in concrete: th-cam.com/video/awSscnUXDKU/w-d-xo.html
You don't want a generation of inexperienced rookies thinking that concrete is bad in a fire! Concrete is about the best structures in a fire, compared to steel (even fireproofed) and wood. At just 500 degrees, those other materials would be toast and concrete would be fine. Steel expands and becomes a noodle, wood (even fire-resistant wood) is only more fuel to the fire. To get to 1000 degrees, it takes an hour or more in a concrete structure, and most structures don't have that much fuel to sustain the fire. You can do what is called a rational analysis of members of a concrete structure and the weak link is the steel reinforcing that gets too hot and loses strength, before the concrete is an issue. I hate to see "Engineers" saying once the concrete goes to 1000 degrees, the building is a write-off. Also, fire damaged concrete can be relatively easily repaired.
Lots of videos on fire. The fire rating videos covers exactly what you are talking about.
Well that’s rude, we are all inexpierenced rookies before we ever become anything else dont ever forget that or it will bite you in the arse as it has me.
Technically wood chars so is quite fire resistant under normal fire, obviously on longer span deflection dictates, so deeper wood is used increasing the charring factor, this clearly has it limitation, however it should not be ignored. Steel beams under heat weakens and reaches plastic hinge formation and deforms gently at the hinges causing a slow failure. Reinforced concrete however as heated means steel rebar forms plastic hinges cracking the concrete and transferring more compression into the concrete causing explosive shear failure. as for only concrete structure as talked about in this video they don’t existing beyond compression only so what the point and subject to any tension load they would be camput, such as wind or eccentric loads.
I wish you could use real temprature scale instead of f
Freedom units baby, AMERICA
If they’re good enough to put man on the moon, they’re good enough to indicate concrete temperature.
Jon Doe Pssst, don’t mention the Hubble telescope (Oops, I think I just did;)
I see Fahrenheit, I close the video :-/
Get over yourself
I see celsius I close the video
@@safffff1000 Your problem :D That's why you can never watch or read any scientific article. But don't worry, one day even Americans become civilised enough to ditch those outdated cavemen units.
@@cancelled_user Smart ones use both versions
@@safffff1000 Not really smart.
This is what can happen when you use both units: edition.cnn.com/TECH/space/9909/30/mars.metric.02/
There is absolutely no need to use Fahrenheit, miles, inches, pounds, stones, sticks, potatoes, etc. for measuring anything. Only US and Myanmar are the last countries on Earth who still use these. Oh and one more third world country, don't wanna google which one it is.
Dislike for that weird measurement. It's 2019 and you're on the internet, not your country, use Celsius.