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David Garofalo's Teaching Corner
เข้าร่วมเมื่อ 11 ต.ค. 2020
This is an educational channel for physics courses that will include the following:
1. Newton's Physics: 1st yr. science and engineering majors
2. Electricity & Magnetism: 2nd yr. sci. and eng. majors
3. Thermal Physics: 2nd yr. sci. and eng. majors
4. Astrophysics: 3rd yr. sci. majors
5. Electrodynamics: 3rd yr. sci. and eng. majors
6. Analytical Mechanics: 3rd yr. sci. and eng. majors
7. Quantum Physics: 4th yr. phys. and eng. majors
8. Quantum Field Theory: 4th yr. phys. majors or first year grad students
9. Special & General Relativity: 4th yr. phys. and astro majors or first year grad students
10. Black Hole Astrophysics: Graduate level course
1. Newton's Physics: 1st yr. science and engineering majors
2. Electricity & Magnetism: 2nd yr. sci. and eng. majors
3. Thermal Physics: 2nd yr. sci. and eng. majors
4. Astrophysics: 3rd yr. sci. majors
5. Electrodynamics: 3rd yr. sci. and eng. majors
6. Analytical Mechanics: 3rd yr. sci. and eng. majors
7. Quantum Physics: 4th yr. phys. and eng. majors
8. Quantum Field Theory: 4th yr. phys. majors or first year grad students
9. Special & General Relativity: 4th yr. phys. and astro majors or first year grad students
10. Black Hole Astrophysics: Graduate level course
วีดีโอ
Energy measured by observer (alternative method)
มุมมอง 202 หลายเดือนก่อน
Energy measured by observer (alternative method)
Stoke's Theorem and the curl of a vector field
มุมมอง 366 หลายเดือนก่อน
Stoke's Theorem and the curl of a vector field
Counter-rotating black holes and a tilted accretion disk at zero spin
มุมมอง 307 หลายเดือนก่อน
This video describes a fundamental element in our understanding of the evolution of active galaxies with powerful jets. Originally counter-rotating black holes experience an absence of the Bardeen-Petterson effect at zero black hole spin. A new plane of accretion is then formed which is tilted with respect to the previous phase and this has implications for feedback on star formation and stella...
Divergence of point particle electric field as a delta function
มุมมอง 327 หลายเดือนก่อน
Divergence of point particle electric field as a delta function
Divergence of point particle electric field
มุมมอง 337 หลายเดือนก่อน
Divergence of point particle electric field
Towards a better definition of temperature
มุมมอง 710 หลายเดือนก่อน
Towards a better definition of temperature
Muito bom.
Awesome thank you!
concurs with the work i've done so far! Just unsure how i could simulate the equations since they're implicit ):
absolutely beautiful work!! i hope this blows up as more people work on projects like these.
Thanks professor.
thanks it is very helpful
THANK YOU SO MUCH :)
Thank you very much for the detailed solution!
I really enjoyed this exercise! You clearly showed that energy is not conserved when potential energy changes over time. This is very important, though rarely observed. Conservation of energy is not a universal law, but only applies when potentials are conservative.
We can see that E is dimensionless. But angular momentum has dimensions as [L]. But E and L are defined as two constants of motion. Why is L not dimensionless? P.S please reply tomorrow is my defense 😢
E is not dimensionless even if we ignore the fact that G and c are part of these equations with value 1. You can see that dimensions of length to some power remain, i.e. length does not cancel. But given that G and c constants are implied, the dimensions are of energy for the top equation and angular momentum for the bottom equation.
If we ignore G and c, For E we have something like [L]^3/2 / [L]^3/2 Which cancels and makes E dimensionless.
@@tehreemzahra6406 Sorry. You are correct that E appears dimensionless. But I think you mean that we get r^1.5/r^1.5 such that distance cancels, not L. The reason E appears dimensionless, I think, is because the expression is the energy per unit mass and c=1 so if I divide by mc^2 we get a dimensionless quantity. In these units, in other words, the energy per unit mass appears dimensionless. On the other hand, the second expression is angular momentum per unit mass so it would not appear dimensionless for that reason.
@@davidgarofalosteachingcorner thank you
Hello sir, Relativity offers explanations for the magnetic force between a moving charge and a wire with current, attributing it to concepts like length contraction and charge density variations. I recently encountered an explanation regarding a real case scenario where a wire contains both electrons and protons. However, my question pertains to a hypothetical scenario: How does relativity explain the generation of a magnetic field in an infinitely long wire uniformly composed of either positive or negative charges? Specifically, when a charge moves perpendicular to this uniform charge distribution, the Lorentz force law predicts a horizontal magnetic force. How does relativity account for this horizontal magnetic force in the absence of traditional current flow? Could you elaborate on the theoretical framework that relativity provides to understand these magnetic effects in a wire with uniform charge distribution, particularly addressing the role of length contraction and charge density variations in this context?
If the current is horizontal and a charged particle is at some distance, say, above the current and is also moving with velocity in the horizontal direction, the magnetic force will be in the up/down direction due to the cross product between velocity and magnetic field. At the most basic level of analysis, If you observe this from a reference frame in which only static charge exists, you will find an electric force replacing the magnetic force.
@@davidgarofalosteachingcorner Could you please make a video explaining how relativity explains the leftward magnetic force on a proton moving perpendicularly to the current in a wire? It would be a great addition to your content! th-cam.com/video/1TKSfAkWWN0/w-d-xo.htmlsi=NaRakXn6ASCUvfzH
@@davidgarofalosteachingcorner Could you please make a video explaining how relativity explains the leftward magnetic force on a proton moving perpendicularly to the current in a wire? It would be a great addition to your content!
My god man, you've got to write bigger!
Would frame dragging explain this paradox?
Frame dragging is a feature of curved spacetime resulting from rotating massive objects so it emerges from the ideas of curved spacetime. In this video we are building the first bricks of that curved spacetime picture by generalizing the ideas of special relativity.
Thank you You should be more famous
Thank you!
The video was really helpful but can you check the partial differentiation of the x1, looks like there was a mistake with the sign used ... plus instead of minus
The confusion probably comes from the second term that has both x2 and x1 in it. Let's do it a different way and see if we get the same answer for that part. Let's write it out explicitly by squaring the term in parentheses. We get -k(x2-x1)^2/2 = -k(x2^2+x1^2-2x1x2)/2 . The derivative with respect to x1 of that gives -kx1 +kx2 = k(x2-x1) which is the same as the second term in the video.
😢😢😢
never give
💪 *Promosm*
super duper helpful, thank you
Hello! Could you derive why the Lagrangian has to be kinetic minus potential energy? Like if you were discovering it for the first time
That is done in the Analytical Mechanics course here: th-cam.com/video/-rdNrsKQw_A/w-d-xo.html
Thank you very helpful
where does the equation at 1:20 come from?
By solving for the metric from the Einstein-Hilbert equations. We did this for the Schwarzschild metric in the Special & General Relativity course.
@@davidgarofalosteachingcorner where can i find its derivation? Prof could u give citing?
@@rayyanaedu4178 The easiest way is to use the constants c, M, and G to create an object that has dimensions of distance. It has to have the form given in the video.
Nice video. On the Wikipedia page, it was mentioned that ehrenfest had shown that the circumference is smaller while einstein argued like you have showing that it is larger. Both show that the spacetime for the disk is non euclidean so, which one is correct?
In one case the circumference is observed/measured in an accelerated reference frame while in the other it is explored in an inertial one.
very helpful, thank you
Promo SM ☹️
10^10^36 SOLAR MASSES OF MATTERS
thanks for this
Literally my favorite topic. It always gave me a headache how the notation changes from field to field (MCAT, physics books, chemistry books). Anyhow, Carnot would be happy to see you educating others on this. Cheers
White hole
A VOID SWALLOW OBSERVABLE UNIVERSE
Your channel needs more exposure! Great stuff
Hey there David, you seem like a very intelligent man who may be able to answer my question. Are you aware of any sort of energy that contains itself, without needing to be grounded to something. Without a heavy dense gravity to hold it in place. Just free floating energy that is self-contained and doesn't come apart without a physical conduit so to speak. I hope you understand what I'm saying I'm probably not saying it right according to pie intellectual concepts but, an energy that doesn't disperse without something holding it together. Like gravity is holding the sun together right? Electricity travels down a wire, even humans we produce energy but it's in our bodies. Is there any sort of energy that you're aware of that can just exist without a physical conduit and not disperse? Thanks man.
Thank you so much for this video. Your lecture is very rich. I'm convinced now that work done by magnetic force on a single charged particle is zero.
great video, thank you!
☺️ Promo>SM.
You did not get the proper and fundamental physical difference: "average" squared velocity (v2). You can calculate it from whatever inertial frame you want; the "average" squared velocity (v2) of the traveling twin is always higher. I think this is the fundamental physical difference.
In my opinion, solving the TWIN PARADOX means solving a system of two equations with four unknowns. I consider the two Lorentz transformations: a) x_1 = gamma * (x -v * t) b) x = gamma * (x_1 + v * t_1) With gamma I obviously indicated the Lorentz factor, and I do not consider the other two Lorentz transformations because they depend on a) and b). In an empty space THE TWIN PARADOX is not resolvable, it’s impossible to determine a single solution of a system of two equations with four unknowns. BUT THE TWIN PARADOX “IS NOT A PARADOX”, if you consider the astronaut twin moving with speed v to reach a star. The Earth and the star both belong to the frame of the Earth, and we assume that the Earth-star distance is equal to d in the frame of the Earth. F: Alice's frame (frame of the Earth) F_1: Bob's frame (frame of the spaceship) We know that Bob's spaceship moves in the frame of the Earth with uniform rectilinear motion at speed v. (x = v * t) Let’s consider again the system of two equations: a) x_1 = gamma * (x - v * t) b) x = gamma * (x_1 + v * t_1) If x = v * t (x_1 = 0), then t_1 < t. (v * t = gamma * v * t_1, t_1 = t / gamma) If (x = v * t) and (x_1 = -v * t_1), we obtain “the useless solution”: x = x_1 = t = t_1 = 0. I indicate (x_1 = 0, x = v * t) with (c) , and I indicate (x = 0, x_1 = - v * t_1) with (d). (c) and (d) are MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE! If it is true (c), it is not true (d). If it is true (d), it is not true (c). If x = v * t, then t_1 < t. (spaceship clock slows down compared to Earth clock) If x = v * t, it is not only the Earth that moves with velocity -v, it is the entire Earth-star distance that moves with velocity -v. The spaceship actually moves with uniform rectilinear motion between any two points of the Earth’s frame (if the acceleration of the spaceship is zero), we cannot choose x_1 = - v * t_1. (the choice x = v * t it’s obligatory)
If x_1 = - x, then t_1 = t. (this latter relationship is useful in the pole and barn paradox)
In my opinion it is impossible, even if the pole moves at speed close to the speed of light. If two equal distances are in relative motion to each other at speed v, the distances overlap. In my opinion, if we denote with t the elapsed time in the frame of the barn and if we denote with t_1 the elapsed time in the frame of the pole, it is t = t_1. (and two equal distances overlap, in this case no problem) The length of the pole contracts in the barn frame and the length of the barn contracts in the frame of the pole, the two lengths are equal! (suppose they are equal to d) d = gamma * v * t and d = gamma * v * t_1. When the two distances overlap it is t = t_1 = d / (gamma * v), for each value of d. If the length of the barn is shorter, in my opinion it is impossible! If an athlete runs at speed v without the pole, then the situation is different. (there are no two distances in relative motion between them) In this case x = v * t and t_1 < t. (the athlete's clock slows down compared to the barn clock)