Poorly researched! The cartridge was just one of the factors, the fact that native troops hadn't had a pay rise for the best part of 50 years was the major issue. "Lee" Enfield rifle?? That didn't happen until the barrel was changed on the Lee Metford rifle in around 1895.
मै इलाहाबाद, आज के प्रयागराज का रहने वाला हू तथा इलाहाबाद विश्वविद्यालय से भारतीय मध्यकालीन इतिहास में स्नातक कर रहा हू। क्या आप जानते हैं की इलाहाबाद में कंपनी बाग या अल्फ्रेड पार्क जो अब चंद्रशेखर आजाद पार्क के नाम से जाना जाता है सन 1857 से पहले कभी वहाँ घनी मुस्लिम आबादी हुआ करती थी ? बहुत कम लोगों को मालूम है की कंपनी बाग़ की मिटटी हज़ारो लोगों के खून से सनी हुयी है। देश की आज़ादी में जाने कितने जांबाजों ने अपनी जान गंवा कर हमें आजादी का तोहफा दिया। और इन जांबाज शहीदों में इलाहाबाद के मेवाति पठानों का नाम सबसे ऊपर आएगा। उन्होंने 1857 की क्रांति मे हर मोड़ पर न सिर्फ अंग्रेजों से लोहा लिया बल्कि उन्हें करारी मात भी दी। इलाहाबाद के इतिहास के पन्ने मेवातियों के बलिदान की गौरव गाथा सुनाते हैं। कंपनी बाग़ के दक्षिणी कोने पर समदाबाद और छीतपुर नाम से मेवाति पठानों के गांव थे, जहां पर आज मोतीलाल नेहरू मेडिकल कॉलेज है। सन् 1857 के गदर में इन गांवों के लोगों ने अंग्रेजों के छक्के छुड़ा दिए थे। बाद में ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी ने उन्हें बागी घोषित करते हुए उत्तर भारत मे बगावत को कुचलने के लिये मद्रास से ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी की छटवीं ब्रिगेड के कमाण्डर, कर्नल जेम्स जॉर्ज स्मिथ नील के नेतृत्व में अंग्रेजी सेना की (तोपों से लैस) एक आर्टिलरी रेजिमेंट भेजी। कर्नल नील जिसने 1857 मे बगावत को कुचलने के लिये उत्तर भारतीयों का सबसे बड़ा नरसंहार किया था, जिसको Butcher of Allahabad का खिताब दिया गया था। उसने मुस्लिमो की आबादी वाले इन दोनों गाँवों को पूरी तरह से तबाह कर दिया, जिसमे हज़ारो लोग मारे गए । बाद मे यह जगह साफ कर एक गार्डन बनाया गया और यहां अंग्रेजी रेजिमेंट की कंपनी बसा दी गई जिसके चारो तरफ खूबसूरत पेड पौधे लगा कर एक बाग की शक्ल दी गई और इसका नया नामकरण किया गया - कंपनी गार्डन। आज भी वहाँ पर बहुत सी पुरानी मज़ारों और मस्जिदों के अवशेष देखने को मिल जायेंगे जो 1857 से पहले शहर की शोभा हुआ करती थी। छीतपुर और समदाबाद के मेवातियों के अतिरिक्त शहर के रसूलपुर के मेवाती, महगांव, कोल्हा, सराय सलीम, (सुलेम सराय) सिरोधा, फतेहपुर, बरमहर, मुख्य चायल, भिकपुर, पावन, शेखपुर, मसीहा, बारागांव, मुइनुद्दीनपुर, गौसपर, बेगम सराय, ओदानी, बेली, बधरा, नीमी बाग, चेतपुर, रसूलपुर देहू, मिनहाजपुर, रोही, गयासुद्दीनपुर, कसमनदा, सराय भोजाह, उमरपुर शेवान आदि गांवों के मुस्लिम भी मेवातियों के साथ आजादी की लड़ाई में शरीक रहे। दरअसल 4 जून 1857 को जब इलाहाबाद खबर पहुंची कि बनारस में सिख रेजीमेंट नंबर 11 के कई सिपाही बिगड़कर इधर आ रहे हैं, तो यहां की पलटन में भी उथल-पुथल शुरू हो गई। छह जून की शाम दो तोपों के साथ पल्टन की एक कंपनी लेफ्टिनेंट हिक्स और हारवर्ड के नेतृत्व में दारागंज में नाव के पुल की रक्षा के लिए भेजी गई। पर विद्रोही सिपाहियों के बीच अंग्रेजों की एक न चली। ठीक नौ बजे सिपाहियों ने आतिशबाजी का एक बान (हवाई) छोड़ा, जिसके जवाब में छावनी से भी बान छोड़ा गया। विद्रोही रुख देख दारागंज से लेफ्टीनेंट हिक्स और अलोपीबाग से लेफ्टीनेंट हारवर्ड ने किसी तरह भागकर किले में पनाह ली। उसी रात चैथम लाइन छावनी के मेस हाउस में भी सिपाही विद्रोही हो गए तो यहां के अंग्रेज अफसरों ने भी भागकर किले में शरण ली। इसी आपाधापी में विद्रोहियों ने अंग्रेजों के सभी मकान जला दिए थे, बहुत से अंग्रेज़ अधिकरियों और सैनिको को मार दिया गया। जिन्की कब्रे आज भी इलाहाबाद के नये यमुना पुल के किनारे बहराना रोड पर मौजूद है। इतना ही नहीं विद्रोहियों ने सरकारी खजाने से तीस लाख रुपये भी लूट लिए थे। जेल से तीन हजार कैदियों को मुक्त करा लिया गया था, जिनमें से अधिकतर विद्रोहियों के साथ मिल गए। शहरियों और पुलिस ने भी उनका साथ दिया। क्रांतिकारियों का जोश ऐसा था कि अंग्रेजों को मुंह की खानी पड़ी। इलाहाबाद शहर को अंग्रेजी हुकूमत से आज़ादी का एलान कर दिया गया और महँगाव के महान क्रन्तिकारी मौलवी लियाकत अली के नेतृत्व में इलाहाबाद शहर मे पुरे 14 दिनों तक बागी क्रांतिकारियों का शासन रहा। यधपी इलाहाबाद किले में अंग्रेज़ो ने खुद को बंद कर के सुरक्षित कर लिया था, और क्रांतिकारी इलाहाबाद किले पर कब्ज़ा करने में नाकामयाब रहे थे । 1857 की क्रांति को बुरी तरह कुचलने के बाद इलाहाबाद पर अन्ग्रेज़ो का पुन: नियन्त्रण हो गया और कुछ महिने बाद मौलवी लियाकत अली भी गिरफ्तार कर लिये गये तथा उनको आजीवन कालापानी (अंडमान जेल) भेज दिया गया जहाँ उनको घोर यातना दे कर मार डाला गया ।
Very well explained. One of the best videos on the subject on YT. As Mr Duncan explains, there was total anarchy from 1740s - 1850s, the Mughal empire was in its dying throes. One regional ruler attacking this next door fiefdom and so on. In this power vacuum Clive and others stepped in.The stage was set for the British to take advantage off, and boy did they exploit it. They looted India to its core. In the mid 1600s, when the British set up their first trading post - the Taj Mahal was being built. At that time, India had one of the highest GDPs in the world and when they left, it had one of the lowest. The British looted India. Interestingly the root-word of “loot”, comes from the 1780s and is Anglo-Indian. The British in America were pushed out for the same reason. True, British built railways, the Indian army and the judiciary, but it was not for altruistic reasons. Trains were to ship raw materials out to UK and to move troops around. Army and Judiciary was needed for stability & security and to conduct business. Irrigation infrastructure was not a high priority for the British in India, even when population was increasing. So famines became common in India. The British gave India stability and unity. The unity of “Indianness”, the sense of us versus British. Without this Indianness, patriotic fervour, Gandhi and others could not have pressured the Brits for independence. British got kicked out of the USA because of the will of the people, and then out of India because of WW2 + the will of Indian people. In 1942, the British had promised Independence to India, if the Indian leaders agreed to help the British in ww2. Without this unity and patriotism, India today may have looked a lot like Africa, a bunch of 12-24 different countries - Rajasthan, Bengal, Punjab, Hyderabad, etc, you get the picture. Not the “Union of India” as it is officially called today. Many Indians do not have a good understanding of their own history, because all books were written by the British. Many are still being taught this British version of Indian history. There is one excellent, very well researched book, “The Anarchy” by W. Dalrymple, pertaining to this era.
Robert Clive received Rs 2 Lakhs from an Indian businessman Jagat Seth and an Armenian businessman Artun Petrous to bring soldiers from Madras to defeat the Nawab of Bengal, who was very unpopular and who defeated and driven out the British one year before 1957. In the meantime, the commander in chief of the Nawab was promised to be the next Nawab and other leaders of the army of the Nawab was promised in a similar way so that they would not fight. On the day of the fight, the actual fighting took place for just about one hour and Robert Clive won by default the right to collect taxes on behalf of the Mughal Emperor in Delhi. That huge collection of taxes caused a massive famine in which one-fifth of the population of Bengal died within ten years. Karl Marx wrote a book, " India's First War of Independence, 1856-58" about the real cause of that mutiny, where he explained that the inhuman treatment of the native population by the British caused the famine; religion was not the cause.
This video is accurate. @Krissy Pilot, You should perhaps read the book, “The Anarchy” by W. Dalrymple, pertaining to this era. It’s a very well researched book, a scholarly read. Sadly, many Indians do not have a good understanding of their own history, Most books still being taught were written by the British. Some superficial edits have been done to the text. Many books are still not objective and are inaccurate. On the other hand, some state governments have been over-jealous and created their own versions, interjecting books with religious and Political Party views !
Only a fucking yank would call it the war of Independence,and be a shit historian,and biased against us the British,needles to say he has forgotten,that they also had a great alliance with France and would not have won their own war of independence,I have now room for the British Empire,but hate a hollywood or bollywood,and then we go of on to drug culture,lol opium,this being spread by a fucking dope smoking hippie of the good old USA,FUCK OF YANK,and clean up your own mess,by being decent to your own people,ie the African Americans,start by learning your own history before you try and fuck up ours,stop fighting your civil war as it has not fucking ended,your country today is as bad as we was back then cunts,my rant is nearly over you cunts,in order to break the empire,so you can create your fucking own piss of Yankee Boy s fucking muzzle loader dork,and it was not greesed with that fats,as the bloody knew it was offensive cunts
99% of jellied-eel fanciers don't know that: England was conquered by the Dutch in 1698. And they haven't had an English monarch since Edward the Confessor. They have to bring in Dutch and Germans to do the job. The English can only cope with simple things---that's why they avoid rational discussion, and resort instead to swearing and abuse. Fortunately, their own idiocy has now trapped them on that chilly island. Bring on Brexit, and kick 'em out of World football too--and the Eurovision song contest. .
Bahdur Shah II was not executed by the British. He was exiled to Burma, where he died in 1862.Your account is completely one-sided.You have failed to mention any of the many massacres of British civilians by the rebels at places like Meerut, Dehli, Jhansi, Indore and at other places, most notoriously Cawnpore, where-- after a negotiated surrender and the promise of safe conduct from Nana Sahib-- British men, women and children were murdered in the Ganges at the Satichura Ghat, with the surviving 200 women and children left to suffer in the Bibighar (the House of the Ladies) until they were slaughtered and thrown (some still living) down a well. It was after these atrocities that the British started blowing mutineers from cannon.
+213thAIB what about those bastards like Neill executing innocent Indian civilians in masses? What about the crimes of illegitimate occupation of East India company? If blowing ppl with canons was a reaction to massacre of British civilians, then that massacre was also a reaction of earlier genocides committed by East India company.
The pattern 1853 Enfield rifle was not a repeater. It was a single shot muzzle loaded rifle. In 1867 (long after the Mutiny had been suppressed) many of these were converted to breach loading Snider-Enfields, but they were still single shot weapons.
I am from India too and I really liked the way how you explained the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857( or as some say first war of independence) . Nice pictures by the way....
Not a bad lecture, but being from India originally, and a history buff, I listen to a lot of lectures on Indian History. If you want really good lectures on Indian History you could go to TH-cam videos - Yale lectures - and listen to Vinay Lal., he's good. . With all due respect you'll learn more from Lal's lectures
Poorly researched! The cartridge was just one of the factors, the fact that native troops hadn't had a pay rise for the best part of 50 years was the major issue. "Lee" Enfield rifle?? That didn't happen until the barrel was changed on the Lee Metford rifle in around 1895.
Not a bad little lecture, but a number of points closed over and inaccurate also so.what biased
मै इलाहाबाद, आज के प्रयागराज का रहने वाला हू तथा इलाहाबाद विश्वविद्यालय से भारतीय मध्यकालीन इतिहास में स्नातक कर रहा हू। क्या आप जानते हैं की इलाहाबाद में कंपनी बाग या अल्फ्रेड पार्क जो अब चंद्रशेखर आजाद पार्क के नाम से जाना जाता है सन 1857 से पहले कभी वहाँ घनी मुस्लिम आबादी हुआ करती थी ? बहुत कम लोगों को मालूम है की कंपनी बाग़ की मिटटी हज़ारो लोगों के खून से सनी हुयी है। देश की आज़ादी में जाने कितने जांबाजों ने अपनी जान गंवा कर हमें आजादी का तोहफा दिया। और इन जांबाज शहीदों में इलाहाबाद के मेवाति पठानों का नाम सबसे ऊपर आएगा। उन्होंने 1857 की क्रांति मे हर मोड़ पर न सिर्फ अंग्रेजों से लोहा लिया बल्कि उन्हें करारी मात भी दी। इलाहाबाद के इतिहास के पन्ने मेवातियों के बलिदान की गौरव गाथा सुनाते हैं। कंपनी बाग़ के दक्षिणी कोने पर समदाबाद और छीतपुर नाम से मेवाति पठानों के गांव थे, जहां पर आज मोतीलाल नेहरू मेडिकल कॉलेज है। सन् 1857 के गदर में इन गांवों के लोगों ने अंग्रेजों के छक्के छुड़ा दिए थे। बाद में ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी ने उन्हें बागी घोषित करते हुए उत्तर भारत मे बगावत को कुचलने के लिये मद्रास से ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी की छटवीं ब्रिगेड के कमाण्डर, कर्नल जेम्स जॉर्ज स्मिथ नील के नेतृत्व में अंग्रेजी सेना की (तोपों से लैस) एक आर्टिलरी रेजिमेंट भेजी। कर्नल नील जिसने 1857 मे बगावत को कुचलने के लिये उत्तर भारतीयों का सबसे बड़ा नरसंहार किया था, जिसको Butcher of Allahabad का खिताब दिया गया था। उसने मुस्लिमो की आबादी वाले इन दोनों गाँवों को पूरी तरह से तबाह कर दिया, जिसमे हज़ारो लोग मारे गए । बाद मे यह जगह साफ कर एक गार्डन बनाया गया और यहां अंग्रेजी रेजिमेंट की कंपनी बसा दी गई जिसके चारो तरफ खूबसूरत पेड पौधे लगा कर एक बाग की शक्ल दी गई और इसका नया नामकरण किया गया - कंपनी गार्डन। आज भी वहाँ पर बहुत सी पुरानी मज़ारों और मस्जिदों के अवशेष देखने को मिल जायेंगे जो 1857 से पहले शहर की शोभा हुआ करती थी। छीतपुर और समदाबाद के मेवातियों के अतिरिक्त शहर के रसूलपुर के मेवाती, महगांव, कोल्हा, सराय सलीम, (सुलेम सराय) सिरोधा, फतेहपुर, बरमहर, मुख्य चायल, भिकपुर, पावन, शेखपुर, मसीहा, बारागांव, मुइनुद्दीनपुर, गौसपर, बेगम सराय, ओदानी, बेली, बधरा, नीमी बाग, चेतपुर, रसूलपुर देहू, मिनहाजपुर, रोही, गयासुद्दीनपुर, कसमनदा, सराय भोजाह, उमरपुर शेवान आदि गांवों के मुस्लिम भी मेवातियों के साथ आजादी की लड़ाई में शरीक रहे। दरअसल 4 जून 1857 को जब इलाहाबाद खबर पहुंची कि बनारस में सिख रेजीमेंट नंबर 11 के कई सिपाही बिगड़कर इधर आ रहे हैं, तो यहां की पलटन में भी उथल-पुथल शुरू हो गई। छह जून की शाम दो तोपों के साथ पल्टन की एक कंपनी लेफ्टिनेंट हिक्स और हारवर्ड के नेतृत्व में दारागंज में नाव के पुल की रक्षा के लिए भेजी गई। पर विद्रोही सिपाहियों के बीच अंग्रेजों की एक न चली। ठीक नौ बजे सिपाहियों ने आतिशबाजी का एक बान (हवाई) छोड़ा, जिसके जवाब में छावनी से भी बान छोड़ा गया। विद्रोही रुख देख दारागंज से लेफ्टीनेंट हिक्स और अलोपीबाग से लेफ्टीनेंट हारवर्ड ने किसी तरह भागकर किले में पनाह ली। उसी रात चैथम लाइन छावनी के मेस हाउस में भी सिपाही विद्रोही हो गए तो यहां के अंग्रेज अफसरों ने भी भागकर किले में शरण ली। इसी आपाधापी में विद्रोहियों ने अंग्रेजों के सभी मकान जला दिए थे, बहुत से अंग्रेज़ अधिकरियों और सैनिको को मार दिया गया। जिन्की कब्रे आज भी इलाहाबाद के नये यमुना पुल के किनारे बहराना रोड पर मौजूद है। इतना ही नहीं विद्रोहियों ने सरकारी खजाने से तीस लाख रुपये भी लूट लिए थे। जेल से तीन हजार कैदियों को मुक्त करा लिया गया था, जिनमें से अधिकतर विद्रोहियों के साथ मिल गए। शहरियों और पुलिस ने भी उनका साथ दिया। क्रांतिकारियों का जोश ऐसा था कि अंग्रेजों को मुंह की खानी पड़ी। इलाहाबाद शहर को अंग्रेजी हुकूमत से आज़ादी का एलान कर दिया गया और महँगाव के महान क्रन्तिकारी मौलवी लियाकत अली के नेतृत्व में इलाहाबाद शहर मे पुरे 14 दिनों तक बागी क्रांतिकारियों का शासन रहा। यधपी इलाहाबाद किले में अंग्रेज़ो ने खुद को बंद कर के सुरक्षित कर लिया था, और क्रांतिकारी इलाहाबाद किले पर कब्ज़ा करने में नाकामयाब रहे थे । 1857 की क्रांति को बुरी तरह कुचलने के बाद इलाहाबाद पर अन्ग्रेज़ो का पुन: नियन्त्रण हो गया और कुछ महिने बाद मौलवी लियाकत अली भी गिरफ्तार कर लिये गये तथा उनको आजीवन कालापानी (अंडमान जेल) भेज दिया गया जहाँ उनको घोर यातना दे कर मार डाला गया ।
Very well explained. One of the best videos on the subject on YT. As Mr Duncan explains, there was total anarchy from 1740s - 1850s, the Mughal empire was in its dying throes. One regional ruler attacking this next door fiefdom and so on. In this power vacuum Clive and others stepped in.The stage was set for the British to take advantage off, and boy did they exploit it. They looted India to its core. In the mid 1600s, when the British set up their first trading post - the Taj Mahal was being built. At that time, India had one of the highest GDPs in the world and when they left, it had one of the lowest. The British looted India. Interestingly the root-word of “loot”, comes from the 1780s and is Anglo-Indian. The British in America were pushed out for the same reason. True, British built railways, the Indian army and the judiciary, but it was not for altruistic reasons. Trains were to ship raw materials out to UK and to move troops around. Army and Judiciary was needed for stability & security and to conduct business. Irrigation infrastructure was not a high priority for the British in India, even when population was increasing. So famines became common in India. The British gave India stability and unity. The unity of “Indianness”, the sense of us versus British. Without this Indianness, patriotic fervour, Gandhi and others could not have pressured the Brits for independence. British got kicked out of the USA because of the will of the people, and then out of India because of WW2 + the will of Indian people. In 1942, the British had promised Independence to India, if the Indian leaders agreed to help the British in ww2. Without this unity and patriotism, India today may have looked a lot like Africa, a bunch of 12-24 different countries - Rajasthan, Bengal, Punjab, Hyderabad, etc, you get the picture. Not the “Union of India” as it is officially called today. Many Indians do not have a good understanding of their own history, because all books were written by the British. Many are still being taught this British version of Indian history. There is one excellent, very well researched book, “The Anarchy” by W. Dalrymple, pertaining to this era.
Would have been a lot better if you'd found someone WHO really knows how to load and fire a Rifle/Musket. And if the narrator wasn't a jerk.
Do...ELEPHANTS...Wear ..." Uniforms " ?
I think u r first foreigner who explained reall reason beyond revolt of 1857 , One like from my side ,
The newly introduced rifle was not a repeater.
This is the kind of teaching you get from someone who has no understanding of the subject.
Hogwash. Revisionist hogwash.
Robert Clive received Rs 2 Lakhs from an Indian businessman Jagat Seth and an Armenian businessman Artun Petrous to bring soldiers from Madras to defeat the Nawab of Bengal, who was very unpopular and who defeated and driven out the British one year before 1957. In the meantime, the commander in chief of the Nawab was promised to be the next Nawab and other leaders of the army of the Nawab was promised in a similar way so that they would not fight. On the day of the fight, the actual fighting took place for just about one hour and Robert Clive won by default the right to collect taxes on behalf of the Mughal Emperor in Delhi. That huge collection of taxes caused a massive famine in which one-fifth of the population of Bengal died within ten years. Karl Marx wrote a book, " India's First War of Independence, 1856-58" about the real cause of that mutiny, where he explained that the inhuman treatment of the native population by the British caused the famine; religion was not the cause.
Whatever the British Empire did was mainly caused by the politicians of the empire.
Not the Crown ??
@@ginalee813 yes by the crown as well.
The rifle that triggered the Indian mutiny of 1857 was NOT a repeating rifle, get your facts right before giving history lessons .... dummy.
Yea poor piece of work. If your looking for a historically accurate video find another source.
why not post a link to a better source. we are english speakers and this is the standard white english narrative . show a better link
This video is accurate. @Krissy Pilot, You should perhaps read the book, “The Anarchy” by W. Dalrymple, pertaining to this era. It’s a very well researched book, a scholarly read. Sadly, many Indians do not have a good understanding of their own history, Most books still being taught were written by the British. Some superficial edits have been done to the text. Many books are still not objective and are inaccurate. On the other hand, some state governments have been over-jealous and created their own versions, interjecting books with religious and Political Party views !
Only a fucking yank would call it the war of Independence,and be a shit historian,and biased against us the British,needles to say he has forgotten,that they also had a great alliance with France and would not have won their own war of independence,I have now room for the British Empire,but hate a hollywood or bollywood,and then we go of on to drug culture,lol opium,this being spread by a fucking dope smoking hippie of the good old USA,FUCK OF YANK,and clean up your own mess,by being decent to your own people,ie the African Americans,start by learning your own history before you try and fuck up ours,stop fighting your civil war as it has not fucking ended,your country today is as bad as we was back then cunts,my rant is nearly over you cunts,in order to break the empire,so you can create your fucking own piss of Yankee Boy s fucking muzzle loader dork,and it was not greesed with that fats,as the bloody knew it was offensive cunts
Completely agree.
99% of jellied-eel fanciers don't know that: England was conquered by the Dutch in 1698. And they haven't had an English monarch since Edward the Confessor. They have to bring in Dutch and Germans to do the job. The English can only cope with simple things---that's why they avoid rational discussion, and resort instead to swearing and abuse. Fortunately, their own idiocy has now trapped them on that chilly island. Bring on Brexit, and kick 'em out of World football too--and the Eurovision song contest. .
Bahdur Shah II was not executed by the British. He was exiled to Burma, where he died in 1862.Your account is completely one-sided.You have failed to mention any of the many massacres of British civilians by the rebels at places like Meerut, Dehli, Jhansi, Indore and at other places, most notoriously Cawnpore, where-- after a negotiated surrender and the promise of safe conduct from Nana Sahib-- British men, women and children were murdered in the Ganges at the Satichura Ghat, with the surviving 200 women and children left to suffer in the Bibighar (the House of the Ladies) until they were slaughtered and thrown (some still living) down a well. It was after these atrocities that the British started blowing mutineers from cannon.
+213thAIB well said mate!!!...your comments are spot on!!!
+213thAIB what about those bastards like Neill executing innocent Indian civilians in masses? What about the crimes of illegitimate occupation of East India company? If blowing ppl with canons was a reaction to massacre of British civilians, then that massacre was also a reaction of earlier genocides committed by East India company.
Right then. Lex talionis. I'm all for it.
+213thAIB Cool, so Lex talionis also grants Jews the liberty to throw a few nukes over Germany.
Sod off.
The pattern 1853 Enfield rifle was not a repeater. It was a single shot muzzle loaded rifle. In 1867 (long after the Mutiny had been suppressed) many of these were converted to breach loading Snider-Enfields, but they were still single shot weapons.
Can you cover meiji restoration?
I am from India too and I really liked the way how you explained the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857( or as some say first war of independence) . Nice pictures by the way....
Not a bad lecture, but being from India originally, and a history buff, I listen to a lot of lectures on Indian History. If you want really good lectures on Indian History you could go to TH-cam videos - Yale lectures - and listen to Vinay Lal., he's good. . With all due respect you'll learn more from Lal's lectures
so i see you're still making videos, we miss you
and I turned comments on! #yoloswag
Excellent lecture! Thanks.
jk lol
haha you can hear the little kids shouting in the backround
Videos are getting better mr.duncan