Schubert's Piano Sonata No. 21 in B-flat major, D.960, is his final piano sonata, composed in September 1828, just two months before his untimely death. This masterpiece is widely regarded as one of the greatest piano works in the repertoire, showcasing Schubert's profound emotional depth and exceptional artistry.
The sonata is structured in four movements, each offering a unique glimpse into Schubert's inner world. The first movement (Molto moderato) opens with a serene and majestic theme, underpinned by a mysterious low-register trill that adds an air of unease. This movement seamlessly blends tranquility with a sense of introspection. The second movement (Andante sostenuto) is hauntingly beautiful, marked by a slow, contemplative melody that exudes both melancholy and ethereal calm. It is one of Schubert’s most poignant creations, often described as otherworldly.
The third movement (Scherzo: Allegro vivace con delicatezza) provides a contrasting lightness, with playful and delicate themes that momentarily lift the somber mood. However, subtle hints of introspection persist beneath the surface. Finally, the fourth movement (Allegro ma non troppo) brings the sonata to a triumphant yet nuanced conclusion. It is lively and full of energy, blending Schubert’s lyrical style with dramatic resolution.
The sonata’s expansive length-spanning approximately 40 to 50 minutes-allows Schubert to explore the full range of human emotion. It is a work of extraordinary depth, balancing moments of profound solitude with flashes of joy and transcendence.
Many renowned pianists have delivered exceptional interpretations of this sonata. Alfred Brendel is celebrated for his restrained yet expressive approach, Wilhelm Kempff for his warm and poetic touch, and Maurizio Pollini for his clarity and technical precision. Each performance reveals new facets of the work, making it a timeless treasure in the classical music repertoire.
Schubert's Piano Sonata No. 21 is not just a piece of music; it is an emotional journey that encapsulates the essence of life, love, and loss. It remains a cornerstone for those seeking to understand Schubert’s unparalleled contribution to music.