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Origins Seminars
United States
เข้าร่วมเมื่อ 26 พ.ค. 2020
Welcome to the video collection of the EOS/NExSS team and the Origins Seminars at the The University of Arizona! The videos at this channel are research talks on extrasolar planets, astrobiology, planet and star formation.
The Origins Seminar is organized by Drs Serena Kim, Shuo Kong, Allison Towner, Zarah Brown and Dingshan Deng at the Steward Observatory and the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory of The University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona.
The Earths in Other Solar Systems team is part of NASA's Nexus for Exoplanet System Science research network (nexss.info) and explores how habitable-zone Earth-sized planets form.
The Origins Seminar is organized by Drs Serena Kim, Shuo Kong, Allison Towner, Zarah Brown and Dingshan Deng at the Steward Observatory and the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory of The University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona.
The Earths in Other Solar Systems team is part of NASA's Nexus for Exoplanet System Science research network (nexss.info) and explores how habitable-zone Earth-sized planets form.
Organosulfur Chemistry in the Birthplaces of Stars and Planets (Suchitra Narayanan, UH/Harvard)
Talk given November 12, 2024. Of the elements critical for life, sulfur is poorly understood due to its 1-2 orders of magnitude depletion in the gas phase of star-forming regions (also known as the “missing sulfur problem”). To reconcile this, sulfur is believed to be locked up in icy grains; however, the sum of the solid sulfur inventory in ices accounts for only ≤ 4% of the cosmic sulfur abundance. The most updated astrochemical gas-grain reaction network predicts that this observed sulfur depletion could be explained if the majority of the sulfur exists in the form of solid organosulfur species. However, due to the limited number of solid-state sulfur experiments, this model, like many others, heavily depends on the theoretical assumption that sulfur and oxygen chemistry proceed comparably. My PhD dissertation fills this gap in literature by characterizing the simplest S-bearing complex organic molecule, methyl mercaptan (CH₃SH), with respect to its well-studied and relatively abundant O-bearing counterpart, methanol (CH₃OH). I present new laboratory experiments on CH₃SH's thermal desorption kinetics, entrapment behavior, and formation/destruction pathways, while contextualizing all results with analogous CH₃OH experiments. This allows us to probe for the first time in the laboratory how, when, and why does S vs. O chemistry proceed (dis)similarly. In most cases, I find that under identical experimental conditions, CH₃SH behaves differently from CH₃OH, and these discrepancies cannot be fully explained with current computational chemistry capabilities. In particular, we find that the physical and chemical properties of a molecule (e.g., size, ability to form allotropes, bonding potential) significantly affects its behavior and stability in astrophysically relevant conditions. This is the first time that such a size effect has been shown to impact solid-state chemistry significantly. By studying how two theoretically similar elements are empirically different, my work serves as a foundational guide for further investigations into more complex molecules, enabling us to better predict their behavior based on whether they exhibit characteristics similar to sulfur or oxygen. I also use key findings from the laboratory to inform my complementary theoretical studies and observational programs with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the Submillimeter Array, where I probe sulfur chemistry in the earliest stages of star and planet formation. Overall, these results both emphasize the necessity of dedicated sulfur experiments and highlight the value of comparative chemistry for rationalizing observations and refining the theoretical understanding of sulfur (astro)chemistry.
มุมมอง: 54
วีดีโอ
Hungry, Hungry White Dwarfs: Tidal Disruption of Planetesimals Post-Natal Kick (Tatsuya Akiba, CU)
มุมมอง 269วันที่ผ่านมา
Many white dwarfs are polluted by metals, implying a recent accretion event. The tidal disruption of planetesimals is a viable source of white dwarf pollution and offers a unique window into the bulk composition of exoplanet bodies. The question of how planetary material enters the tidal disruption radius of the white dwarf, however, is unresolved. Using a series of N-body simulations, we explo...
Snapshots of Giant Planet Migration: case studies of eccentric warm Jupiters (Arvind Gupta, NOIRLab)
มุมมอง 22714 วันที่ผ่านมา
The production of Jupiter-sized planets with orbital periods of P less than 10 days - “hot Jupiters” - has presented an enticing challenge for our understanding of exoplanet dynamics and planet formation. A number of viable migration models have been put forth, but post-migration orbital evolution often erases important clues to the dynamical history of individual systems, making it difficult t...
Kaleidoscope of irradiated disks: VLT/MUSE observations of proplyds (Mari-Liis Aru, ESO)
มุมมอง 17921 วันที่ผ่านมา
Talk given November 4, 2024. The evolutionary pathways of protoplanetary disks, the birthplaces of planets, differ depending on the surrounding environment. In massive star clusters, UV radiation affects disks via external photoevaporative winds, depleting the disks outside-in and severely shortening their lifetimes. Known as proplyds, such irradiated disks are typically surrounded by a teardro...
Magnetic field strength and gas density: A multiscale analysis (David Whitworth, UNAM)
มุมมอง 237หลายเดือนก่อน
Talk given October 21, 2024. Magnetic Fields are ubiquitous in the universe, from planetary magnetospheres to the primordial background field. They play key roles in various aspects ISM physics within galaxies, from their growth and pressure support across the multiphase medium to the suppression of star formation in regions of high field strengths. Since the seminal work of Crutcher at al 2010...
Dynamics of Star Formation on Different Scales: Envelopes, Multiples, Disks & Jets (Yisheng Tu, UVA)
มุมมอง 220หลายเดือนก่อน
Talk given October 14, 2024. Star and planet formation is a complex process involving processes across all scales. In this talk I will present three sets of simulations, each focusing on a different scale, to illustrate the key processes involved in each scale. At the largest, molecular cloud core scale, the “gravo-magneto-sheetlet”, an intrinsic 3D structure due to the interaction between turb...
The JWST-MIRI View of a Gas-Rich Disk with a Large Dust Cavity (Kamber Schwarz, MPIA)
มุมมอง 2382 หลายเดือนก่อน
Talk given October 7, 2024. SY Cha is a T Tauri star surrounded by a protoplanetary disk with a large cavity seen in the millimeter continuum but with the spectral energy distribution of a full disk. I will present the first results from JWST-MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) observations taken as part of the MIRI mid-INfrared Disk Survey (MINDS) GTO Program. The derived molecular colum...
A framework for modeling the evolution of young stellar objects (Theo Richardson, UF)
มุมมอง 732 หลายเดือนก่อน
Talk given September 30, 2024. Measuring the properties of young stellar objects (YSOs) is a key part of research into the pre-main-sequence evolution of stars. Due to the complex geometry of YSOs, measurement generally takes the form of comparing observed radiation to existing template populations of YSO SEDs modeled using radiative transfer. However, owing to uncertainty on the precise mechan...
Exoplanetary Epics: Environmental Storytelling Across Planetary Systems (Quadry Chance, UF)
มุมมอง 802 หลายเดือนก่อน
Talk given September 23, 2004. With thousands of confirmed exoplanets, we now have access to clues about planets and planet formation embedded in planet hosts' past and present environments. This has already yielded many successful models of how we expect planetary systems to behave. Examining where some of these models start to break down and determining if we need new components has been the ...
Magnetic Fields in Star Formation: 1st Complete 3D Vector Observations (Mehrnoosh Tahani, Stanford)
มุมมอง 2142 หลายเดือนก่อน
Talk given September 16, 2024. Polarimetry observations over the past decade have highlighted the critical roles that magnetic fields play in the formation of clouds and stars. Despite their importance, observing these magnetic fields, particularly in 3D, remains significantly challenging. In this talk, I will briefly discuss how we overcame these challenges in determining the 3D magnetic field...
OSIRIS-REx: Insights from the Asteroid Bennu & Initial Analysis of the Returned Samples (D Lauretta)
มุมมอง 2773 หลายเดือนก่อน
The OSIRIS-REx mission has been a pivotal step in our understanding of near-Earth asteroids and the early solar system. This presentation will delve into the mission's journey to Bennu, the challenges faced in collecting samples, and the wealth of data returned. It will highlight key findings from the initial analysis of the samples, offering insights into Bennu's composition and its implicatio...
Reflected light imaging of exoplanets - 5 years of development with MagAO-X (Sebastiaan Haffert, UA)
มุมมอง 7885 หลายเดือนก่อน
Origins Seminar presented April 29, 2024 Abstract: The imminent era of the Extremely Large Telescopes, like the 25-meter Giant Magellan Telescope, will offer unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution, enabling new discoveries in all areas of astronomy and astrophysics. Among its top priorities is the discovery and characterization of Earth-like planets that could have climates like ours ...
Testing external photoevaporation through optical forbidden lines in Orion (Karina Mauco, ESO)
มุมมอง 918 หลายเดือนก่อน
Origins Seminar presented 25 March 2024 Abstract: Most planetary systems, including our Solar System, form in massive star clusters, where external photoevaporation by UV radiation from OB stars profoundly influences the evolution of protoplanetary disks. The Orion star-forming region is a unique laboratory to study this process, mainly because it is the closest (~400 pc) star-forming region co...
Thermal Properties of the Hot Core Population in Sagittarius B2 Deep South (Desmond Jeff, NRAO/UF)
มุมมอง 748 หลายเดือนก่อน
Origins Seminar presented 11 March 2024 Abstract: Hot molecular cores are thought to represent a key phase of protostellar evolution and the evolution of the ISM, as the antecedents to ultra-compact HII regions and formation sites of complex organic molecules. However, owing to the complex interplay between gas-phase and grain-surface chemistry in pre and protostellar cores, the temporal and ph...
Disk wind & mid-IR variability: T Cha with JWST (Naman Bajaj, Chengyan Xie/UA; Andrew Sellek/Leiden)
มุมมอง 1248 หลายเดือนก่อน
Origins Seminar presented 4 March 2024 Abstract: Circumstellar disk dispersal is a brief, yet critical, end stage of disk evolution, dictating the end of planet formation and migration. Thermal winds powered by high-energy stellar photons have long been theorized to drive disk dispersal. However, evidence for these winds is currently based only on small (~3-6 km/s) blue-shifts in [Ne II] 12.81 ...
Illuminating Protoplanetary Disk Substructures & Effects on Exoplanets (Taylor Kutra, Lowell Obs)
มุมมอง 1589 หลายเดือนก่อน
Illuminating Protoplanetary Disk Substructures & Effects on Exoplanets (Taylor Kutra, Lowell Obs)
Demystifying the Sub-Neptune Frontier with JWST (Anjali Piette, Carnegie EPL)
มุมมอง 1589 หลายเดือนก่อน
Demystifying the Sub-Neptune Frontier with JWST (Anjali Piette, Carnegie EPL)
Unveiling the asymmetry of the Lagrange points (Agustín Herón, Pontif Universidad Católica de Chile)
มุมมอง 8710 หลายเดือนก่อน
Unveiling the asymmetry of the Lagrange points (Agustín Herón, Pontif Universidad Católica de Chile)
Atmospheric Chemical Reaction Network Topology: Potential Exoplanet Biosignatures -Tessa Fisher (UA)
มุมมอง 73ปีที่แล้ว
Atmospheric Chemical Reaction Network Topology: Potential Exoplanet Biosignatures -Tessa Fisher (UA)
Debris Disk Origins in Slow Photoevaporation Around Intermediate-Mass Stars - Ryohei Nakatani (JPL)
มุมมอง 69ปีที่แล้ว
Debris Disk Origins in Slow Photoevaporation Around Intermediate-Mass Stars - Ryohei Nakatani (JPL)
AI4Astro: Exploring Star Formation and ISM through Artificial Intelligence - Duo Xu (UVA)
มุมมอง 49ปีที่แล้ว
AI4Astro: Exploring Star Formation and ISM through Artificial Intelligence - Duo Xu (UVA)
Characterizing the climates of temperate rocky exoplanets in the era of JWST -Tad Komacek (Maryland)
มุมมอง 137ปีที่แล้ว
Characterizing the climates of temperate rocky exoplanets in the era of JWST -Tad Komacek (Maryland)
The Ongoing Hunt to Detect the Radio Emissions of Exoplanets - Jake Turner (Cornell University)
มุมมอง 161ปีที่แล้ว
The Ongoing Hunt to Detect the Radio Emissions of Exoplanets - Jake Turner (Cornell University)
NASA’s Europa Clipper mission to study the habitability of Europa (Alfred McEwen, UA LPL)
มุมมอง 192ปีที่แล้ว
NASA’s Europa Clipper mission to study the habitability of Europa (Alfred McEwen, UA LPL)
Exo-Atmospheres from Ground & Space/Bioverse & Biosignatures ((M. Mansfield/K. Hardegree-Ullman; UA)
มุมมอง 71ปีที่แล้ว
Exo-Atmospheres from Ground & Space/Bioverse & Biosignatures ((M. Mansfield/K. Hardegree-Ullman; UA)
A Multi-Wavelength Perspective on Planet Formation Conditions - Catherine Espaillat (Boston U)
มุมมอง 5Kปีที่แล้ว
A Multi-Wavelength Perspective on Planet Formation Conditions - Catherine Espaillat (Boston U)
Probing Young Planet Population with 3D Self-Consistent Thermodynamics - Shangjia Zhang (UNLV)
มุมมอง 161ปีที่แล้ว
Probing Young Planet Population with 3D Self-Consistent Thermodynamics - Shangjia Zhang (UNLV)
Bioverse and the Habitable Zone Hypothesis - Martin Schlecker (UA/SO/Alien Earths Team)
มุมมอง 132ปีที่แล้ว
Bioverse and the Habitable Zone Hypothesis - Martin Schlecker (UA/SO/Alien Earths Team)
Dust Evolution in the Dense Infrared-Dark Clouds - Wanggi Lim (IPAC/Caltech)
มุมมอง 75ปีที่แล้ว
Dust Evolution in the Dense Infrared-Dark Clouds - Wanggi Lim (IPAC/Caltech)
Trends on Irradiated Brown Dwarfs w/ Phase-resolved HST/WFC3 Spectroscopy - Rachael Amaro (SO/UA)
มุมมอง 41ปีที่แล้ว
Trends on Irradiated Brown Dwarfs w/ Phase-resolved HST/WFC3 Spectroscopy - Rachael Amaro (SO/UA)
Hello. My name is Zhavlan, I am from Almaty. New physics experiment has no problem observing scientific discoveries. The problem is with people of science, are they ready to lose authority; as popularizers of science, as academicians, Nobel laureates... For the sake of the ecology of our planet, I ask you to help carry out work on new experiences. New technologies remove limitations in direct physical measurements of gravitons. 🆘! More than $13 billion in environmental losses could be avoided. We are looking for help and hope for your courage to protect the nature of our planet. Construction of gravitational wave detectors is underway in China and India. There is also the launch of heavy rockets with interplanetary satellites, such as LISA and so on, not counting other resources. We need physicists who understand the difference between direct physical experience and indirect one. In the past, the Light Ether Theory had many indirect confirmations and even greater recognition from elite physicists, well, as is fashionable now; Einstein's theory of relativity. And as soon as Michelson conducted a direct experiment, the popularity of physics changed. Now a question for you: can you refer to direct experience in determining the constant speed of light? New hollow optical fiber technology allows even schoolchildren to do this. Using the Michelson-Morley Hybrid Gyro device... We will see this “Light is the ordered vibration of gravitational quanta, and the dominant gravitational fields adjust the speed of light in a vacuum.” If the device is in zero gravity and at rest relative to the dominant gravitational field, the difference in the path of light is zero. When registering gravitational waves, the noise is 99.99%, and the useful signal is 0.01% - correct. Large corporations benefit from such devices. When registering gravitational quanta, the possibility of receiving a useful signal is 75%; the noise will be 25% - the device needs improvement, Einstein dreamed of such a device.
7:39
Всех благ Вашему каналу. Физики ❤есть которые понимают разницу, между прямым физическим опытом и косвенным? В прошлом у *теории светового эфира* было очень много косвенных подтверждений и ещё больше признаний от элиты физиков, ну как в наше время модно СТО Эйнштейна. И стоило проделать прямой опыт Майкельсону, как популярность физики изменилась. Теперь к Вам вопрос. Вы можете сослаться на прямой опыт по определению константы скорости света? Современные технологии оптического волокна позволяют на *прямом опыте* проделывать это даже школьникам. Два варианта приборов предложены в предыдущем коммент… И мы увидим что "Свет - это упорядоченная вибрация гравитационных квантов и доминантные гравитационные поля корректируют скорость света в вакууме" у приборов в невесомости и в покое относительно Доминантного Гравитационного Поля, разница в проходе пути светом - ноль. Если поможете то Мы сможем *значительно* помочь экологии а для большой науки, сэкономить большие ресурсы. В Китае и Индии в плане строительства детекторов Гравитационных Волн. Также есть запуск тяжёлых ракет с межпланетными спутниками, типа LISA и так далее. Это более 4 миллиард $, не считая других ресурсов. При регистрации гравитационных волн на шумы приходится 99,99% а на полезный сигнал 0,01% - нуждается в поправке. При регистрации квантов гравитации возможность получать полезный сигнал 75% на шумы будет приходится 25% - нуждается в улучшении.
Всех благ Вашему каналу. Физики ❤ есть которые понимают разницу, между прямым физическим опытом и косвенным? В прошлом у *теории светового эфира* было очень много косвенных подтверждений и ещё больше признаний от элиты физиков, ну как в наше время модно СТО Эйнштейна. И стоило проделать прямой опыт Майкельсону, как популярность физики изменилась. Теперь к Вам вопрос. Вы можете сослаться на прямой опыт по определению константы скорости света? Современные технологии оптического волокна позволяют на *прямом опыте* проделывать это даже школьникам. Два варианта приборов предложены в предыдущем коммент… И мы увидим что "Свет - это упорядоченная вибрация гравитационных квантов и доминантные гравитационные поля корректируют скорость света в вакууме" у приборов в невесомости и в покое относительно Доминантного Гравитационного Поля, разница в проходе пути светом - ноль. Если поможете то Мы сможем *значительно* помочь экологии а для большой науки, сэкономить большие ресурсы. В Китае и Индии в плане строительства детекторов Гравитационных Волн. Также есть запуск тяжёлых ракет с межпланетными спутниками, типа LISA и так далее. Это более 4 миллиард $, не считая других ресурсов. При регистрации гравитационных волн на шумы приходится 99,99% а на полезный сигнал 0,01% - нуждается в поправке. При регистрации квантов гравитации возможность получать полезный сигнал 75% на шумы будет приходится 25% - нуждается в улучшении.
Всех благ Вашему каналу. Физики есть ❤ которые понимают разницу, между прямым физическим опытом и косвенным? В прошлом у *теории светового эфира* было очень много косвенных подтверждений и ещё больше признаний от элиты физиков, ну как в наше время модно СТО Эйнштейна. И стоило проделать прямой опыт Майкельсону, как популярность физики изменилась. Теперь к Вам вопрос. Вы можете сослаться на прямой опыт по определению константы скорости света? Современные технологии оптического волокна позволяют на *прямом опыте* проделывать это даже школьникам. Два варианта приборов предложены в предыдущем коммент… И мы увидим что "Свет - это упорядоченная вибрация гравитационных квантов и доминантные гравитационные поля корректируют скорость света в вакууме" у приборов в невесомости и в покое относительно Доминантного Гравитационного Поля, разница в проходе пути светом - ноль. Если поможете то Мы сможем *значительно* помочь экологии а для большой науки, сэкономить большие ресурсы. В Китае и Индии в плане строительства детекторов Гравитационных Волн. Также есть запуск тяжёлых ракет с межпланетными спутниками, типа LISA и так далее. Это более 4 миллиард $, не считая других ресурсов. При регистрации гравитационных волн на шумы приходится 99,99% а на полезный сигнал 0,01% - нуждается в поправке. При регистрации квантов гравитации возможность получать полезный сигнал 75% на шумы будет приходится 25% - нуждается в улучшении.
Hello. With the help of the “HYBRID gyroscope” you can make scientific discoveries; in astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology, higher theoretical physics,... I am writing to you with a proposal for the joint invention of a HYBRID gyroscope from non-circular, TWO coils with a new type of optical fiber with a “hollow core photonic-substituted vacuum zone or (NANF)” where - the light travels 48000 meters in each arm, while it does not exceed the parameters 40/40/40 cm, and the weight is 4 kg. Manufacturers of “Fiber Optic Gyroscopes” can produce HYBRID gyroscopes for educational and practical use in schools and higher education institutions. Einstein dreamed of measuring the speed of a train, an airplane - through the Michelson-Morley experiment of 1881/2024, and only then would the experiment be more than 70% complete. This can be done using a fiber optic HYBRID gyroscope. Based on the completion of more than 70% of Michelson's experiment, the following postulates can be proven: Light is an ordered vibration of gravitational quanta, and dominant gravitational fields adjust the speed of light in a vacuum. (We are not looking for ether, we will see the work of gravitational quanta) The result is a «theory of everything» in a simple teaching device and a new tape measure for measuring the universe.
Not sure if I buy this.
❤🌌
51:00 Speaker correction: The diameter of the impactor should be 400m instead of 800m.