Nanhee Byrnes, PhD
Nanhee Byrnes, PhD
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r and l minimal pairs and challening words with "rl" and "lr"
Continuing from the last lecture on liquid /r/, in this video we consider minimal pairs of the liquids /l/ and /r/. After that, we will examine some of the most challenging words for non-native speakers with /l/ and /r/, like "rural," "girl," and "mirror."
มุมมอง: 1

วีดีโอ

TOEFL Speaking Task 2 lecture
มุมมอง 614 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา
TOEFL Writing Course: www.nanheebyrnes.com/p/toefl-writing-self-study-course.html Lecture covers the following: 1. Note-taking for reading and listening 2. Logical organization 3. Templates for agreement, disagreement, and ambivalence 4. Sample responses
liquid R
มุมมอง 5319 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา
In American English, R has two sounds: a pure consonant or a schwa-added sound (called vocalic R) which occurs after a vowel in a syllable. For example, in "iron," R is a vocalic R, but in "irate," R is a pure consonant. Because of the vocalic R sound, when R comes between two vowels, the pronunciation can be tricky: it can be the beginning of a syllable (as a consonant) or the end of a syllabl...
TOEFL Listening: What to Take Notes When Listening and How to Reason Correctly When Solving Problems
มุมมอง 14121 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา
TPO Questions here: www.nanheebyrnes.com/2024/11/toefl-listening-lecture-questions.html Hi. This TOEFL listening video teaches you how to take notes while listening to the lecture and how to reason correctly to identify answers. We examine five TPO lectures that many students view as challenging, as the lectures all discuss theories, rationales for the theories, and evidence for or counterexamp...
Nasal consonants and syllabic consonants
มุมมอง 13114 วันที่ผ่านมา
Nasal consonants are sounds produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape through the nose. In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), we typically see them represented as /m, n, ŋ/. Nasal consonants can be pure consonanats or syllabic consonants whose IPA notatios are /n̩, m̩/. Syllabic consonats of nasals are critical to pronounce words like"Button" and "Rhythm" correctly.
Liquids and L and Its Allophones, Light, and Dark L
มุมมอง 11721 วันที่ผ่านมา
Liquids L and R are difficult sounds for many Asian speakers to discern. This is for two reasons: first, these sounds are often similar in Asian languages and frequently represented by the same phoneme. Additionally, L and R have allophones in English that are not commonly taught to learners, specifically the dark L and vocalic R. Particularly challenging is the dark L, which occurs at the end ...
Philosophy and Physics: The Timeless Search for the Fundamental Principle of Everything
มุมมอง 67หลายเดือนก่อน
"What was the first question in philosophy? It's 'What is the world made of?' - proving that ancient philosophers were just physicists without lab coats. This query kicked off pre-Socratic natural philosophy, spawning six major responses that range from the simple to the mind-bending. Some philosophers, like Thales, went all-in on a single element (water), perhaps inspired by a particularly ref...
3 things to do to create English rhythm
มุมมอง 173หลายเดือนก่อน
English speech has a special rhythm. This rhythm comes from two types of stress: 1. Rhythmic stress: Makes sentences sound musical 2. Meaning stress: Makes important words stand out To create this rhythm, we use three main tools: 1. Sentence stress: We say some words louder or longer in a sentence 2. Rhythm units: We group words together, like small beats in music 3. Sound changes: We shorten o...
Fricatives /ʃ/ and /ʒ/
มุมมอง 78หลายเดือนก่อน
Fricatives /ʃ/ and /ʒ/
Alveolar fricatives /s/ and /z/
มุมมอง 58หลายเดือนก่อน
Alveolar fricatives /s/ and /z/
TOEFL Listening Toolkit: Solution Strategies Based on Question Types
มุมมอง 152หลายเดือนก่อน
TOEFL Listening Toolkit: Solution Strategies Based on Question Types
Five Main Differences in Pronunciation Between American and British English
มุมมอง 220หลายเดือนก่อน
Five Main Differences in Pronunciation Between American and British English
How to master pronunciation
มุมมอง 73หลายเดือนก่อน
How to master pronunciation
Dental fricatives /θ/ and /ð/
มุมมอง 72หลายเดือนก่อน
Dental fricatives /θ/ and /ð/
2022 수능 영어, 31번부터 34번까지의 빈칸 문제
มุมมอง 21หลายเดือนก่อน
2022 수능 영어, 31번부터 34번까지의 빈칸 문제
2023 수능 영어의 빈칸 문제 (31-34번) 푸는방법
มุมมอง 35หลายเดือนก่อน
2023 수능 영어의 빈칸 문제 (31-34번) 푸는방법
2023 수능 영어 찍기식 문제 풀기
มุมมอง 422 หลายเดือนก่อน
2023 수능 영어 찍기식 문제 풀기
TOEFL Writing: Integrated essay + Academic Discussion
มุมมอง 1432 หลายเดือนก่อน
TOEFL Writing: Integrated essay Academic Discussion
Fricatives /f/ and /v/
มุมมอง 742 หลายเดือนก่อน
Fricatives /f/ and /v/
미국 철학 강사가 가르쳐 주는 수능영어문제 풀이법
มุมมอง 302 หลายเดือนก่อน
미국 철학 강사가 가르쳐 주는 수능영어문제 풀이법
Velar plosives /k/ and /g/
มุมมอง 672 หลายเดือนก่อน
Velar plosives /k/ and /g/
TOEFL reading: Answering strategies
มุมมอง 1642 หลายเดือนก่อน
TOEFL reading: Answering strategies
미국 철학 박사가 풀어본 수능 영어 (2025 6월 모의고사)
มุมมอง 3322 หลายเดือนก่อน
미국 철학 박사가 풀어본 수능 영어 (2025 6월 모의고사)
Confucianism and its critiques: Legalism, Mohism and Daoism
มุมมอง 1492 หลายเดือนก่อน
Confucianism and its critiques: Legalism, Mohism and Daoism
Alvelor plosives /t/ and /d/
มุมมอง 662 หลายเดือนก่อน
Alvelor plosives /t/ and /d/
Chinese Philosophy Unveiled: Confucianism, Daoism, and the Hundred Schools of Thought
มุมมอง 1162 หลายเดือนก่อน
Chinese Philosophy Unveiled: Confucianism, Daoism, and the Hundred Schools of Thought
Pronouncing Bilabial plosives /p/ and /b/ correctly
มุมมอง 833 หลายเดือนก่อน
Pronouncing Bilabial plosives /p/ and /b/ correctly
Rhythm unit
มุมมอง 2793 หลายเดือนก่อน
Rhythm unit
How to solve TOEFL Reading questions quickly: Passage on geology
มุมมอง 2393 หลายเดือนก่อน
How to solve TOEFL Reading questions quickly: Passage on geology
Why Allophones and Allophones of Plosives
มุมมอง 973 หลายเดือนก่อน
Why Allophones and Allophones of Plosives

ความคิดเห็น

  • @LindyButler-n5e
    @LindyButler-n5e 16 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Came here to find out why d sounds like ja in drip to help.my 6 yr old but I'm not sure if this is why or don't

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 15 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      It is due to palatalization: alveolar d assimilates to j because of palatal r

  • @jay-dotcartersde5286
    @jay-dotcartersde5286 3 วันที่ผ่านมา

    1:00

  • @afraazfaaz1834
    @afraazfaaz1834 หลายเดือนก่อน

    1st which lesson i take and what things are so important to catch and understand first

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      Please watch this video for a step by step method to speak English well: th-cam.com/video/EDNXjIGdKOk/w-d-xo.html

    • @afraazfaaz1834
      @afraazfaaz1834 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD thanks a lot for your generosity ma'am I am so happy that you replied and Am i really talking means chatting to American accent teacher wow you really make my day ma'am and here iam happy to tell you iam also woman of three children iam really over the moon

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@afraazfaaz1834 Oh, nice! Don't forget to have fun with your kids.

    • @afraazfaaz1834
      @afraazfaaz1834 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD thanks thanks and may God bless Ameen ameen ameen

  • @afraazfaaz1834
    @afraazfaaz1834 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I am from India so pls i can't afford fee for teacher i already subscribed your channel i liked your way of explaining method that's why I subscribed it i do job so i need it

  • @afraazfaaz1834
    @afraazfaaz1834 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Hello how are you, thing is that i wanna learn American pronunciation through you tube video so c could you please guide me

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@afraazfaaz1834Thank you. Focus on listening. Watch vowels and consonants videos first to make sure you have the foundation. Then move on to connected speech and various stress patterns of English. I have a video on how to master pronunciation.

  • @calincucuietu8220
    @calincucuietu8220 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very similar, but still not homophones.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      You are right

    • @calincucuietu8220
      @calincucuietu8220 หลายเดือนก่อน

      So, I think the merger concept in this case is just not scientific.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@calincucuietu8220 linguistics is more like biology than physics to me. So scientific in that sense.

  • @maheenfarhat-qb4vt
    @maheenfarhat-qb4vt หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks a lot , Your video made it easier for me to understand as I was having trouble with this topic.❤❤❤ God bless you .❤

  • @andydeschenes6728
    @andydeschenes6728 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Suffering exists because we have free will. You can chose whatever you want some people just love to suffer

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@andydeschenes6728 What an interesting assertion!

  • @Skygt2RS
    @Skygt2RS หลายเดือนก่อน

    I’m a little concerned about what they are planning to do to that animal

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@Skygt2RS good q. Didn't think about that. Thank you for commenting!

  • @cejannuzi
    @cejannuzi หลายเดือนก่อน

    1. I am not sure I agree with less vowel complexity in American English. This is because of the complexity of post-vocalic l and r in American English greatly complicates the vowels in actual use. 2. The discussion would be better to deal with 'North American English' and include Canada. 3. Phonemic analysis is a misleading oversimplification, since the phoneme can not be found in actual speech--not speech production, not speech transmission (acoustics), and not speech perception.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@cejannuzi hi, thank you for the thoughtful comments. 1. To me, vocalic r is just a vowel colored by r, so I don't think it adds complexity in vowel phoneme classification. Whether vocalic rs need to have their own IPA symbols is still a contentious topic among linguists. 2. Canadians are viewed as speaking the General Accent. 3. True, there are many allophones in phonological settings.

    • @cejannuzi
      @cejannuzi หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD The reason post-vocalic r and l do more than add color is that speech is not spoken in segments. Speech is really co-articulated. So what native speakers think are 'units' of sound in their own grasp of their spoken language is quite different than the approaches that are used in academic niches to analyze speech, including what gets used in ELT as 'phonetics and phonology'. Literacy in an alphabetic language also produces perceptual artifacts of phonetic, phonological and morphophonological nature, and linguistics has tried to systematize them with tools like IPA. But IPA and the like create segments where none really exist in speech.

    • @cejannuzi
      @cejannuzi หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD 2. Canadians are viewed as speaking the General Accent. By whom? Perhaps by some academics classifying things. But most people don't understand this. They think along national and nationalist lines. Also, a lot of EFL teachers and students don't understand any of that. They think people speak General American or British RP and then are shocked when they go abroad to find out that the models in the classroom don't sound much of anything like real speech in most places.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@cejannuzi you have good points. That's why there's the distinction of phonemes, phones, rhythm, pitch contour, intonation, etc.

  • @cacogenicist
    @cacogenicist หลายเดือนก่อน

    This idea that "standard" American is spoken over that entire Midwest region is humorous. There's nothing standard about, for example, the Lansing, Michigan accent. 😊

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thank you for your comment! It was meant to help non-native speakers understand which dialect of American English they should learn.

    • @cacogenicist
      @cacogenicist หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD - I think that American English west of the Rockies, roughly speaking, more closely approximates the sort of "CNN English" that learners of American English often want to emulate (notwithstanding the SoCal and Inland California accents) -- compared to the Inland North, North Central, and Midland dialects.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@cacogenicist No objections to your statements.

  • @NanheeByrnesPhD
    @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    수능 영어와 관련된 짧은 영상들이 여기 있습니다:th-cam.com/users/shortsr67DpiM9FIg?feature=share

  • @NanheeByrnesPhD
    @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    "Do you hear the professor pronouncing 'eaten' with a glottal stop?" th-cam.com/users/shorts3dt37yRvJd4?feature=share

  • @orhoushmand85
    @orhoushmand85 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I always release the stops at the end of the words, because in my mind they have to be audible.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@orhoushmand85 not releasing ( holding) sounds much better and helps you speak faster.

    • @orhoushmand85
      @orhoushmand85 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD It doesn't sound better, it's supposed to be audible.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@orhoushmand85 listen how natives speak before trying to speak.

    • @orhoushmand85
      @orhoushmand85 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD They speak like that, but I don't.

  • @Halucygeno
    @Halucygeno 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I'm not sure I understand how this occurs in individual words. I can't imagine any context where someone would say "natural" with a /t/ + /j/, so isn't /ʧ/ just part of the normal pronunciation? Is it somehow related to morpheme boundaries? Like, "nat-" is a morpheme, and combined with "-ural", it creates the /ʧ/ sound? (I know of some words derived from "natural", like "natty" [colloquial, bodybuilding term], and in that case, you can clearly hear the /t/, but I don't know... I still find it hard to wrap my head around; I must be thinking about it the wrong way.) Or is it an etymological thing? Other languages also have the word "nature", like the Polish "natura" [naˈtura]... so is that why it's considered palatalised? Because the word has historically been pronounced with a /t/?

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thank you for your comments. 1. The situation you’re asking about relates to a part of linguistics that looks at how words are pronounced in real speech, rather than how they are listed in a dictionary. This area of study is called phonology, which is different from phonetics. It focuses on how sounds change when people speak naturally in conversations, where sounds can affect each other. 2. Palatalization is a change that can happen when people speak quickly or informally, especially when words are not emphasized. In more formal speaking situations, or among highly educated people, Americans usually don’t use palatalization.

  • @professorBonna
    @professorBonna 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Don't you Have videos about IPA symbol and transcription??❤❤

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@professorBonna hi. The IPA symbols and their sounds are on my TH-cam intro.

  • @professorBonna
    @professorBonna 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Don't you Have videos about IPA symbol and transcription??❤❤

  • @professorBonna
    @professorBonna 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Don't you Have videos about IPA symbol and transcription??

  • @Firuzan_sinema
    @Firuzan_sinema 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    how cxan ı reach to the trnscript

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@Firuzan_sinema I will check whether I have saved the transcript tomorrow.

  • @rigelstarz6032
    @rigelstarz6032 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Soffen? What language is that? I say sof-tin

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@rigelstarz6032 it's standard American English pronunciation.

    • @rigelstarz6032
      @rigelstarz6032 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD o guess im totally not american

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@rigelstarz6032 t is silent in British English too.

    • @GavTubbbbs
      @GavTubbbbs 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Offen??, Cenner??, Wanned?? Speak properly man!

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@GavTubbbbs Shocking, isn't it? But that's how Americans speak.

  • @DeepakKumar-kx4kj
    @DeepakKumar-kx4kj 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤🎉🎉🎉🎉

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@DeepakKumar-kx4kj thanks!

    • @DeepakKumar-kx4kj
      @DeepakKumar-kx4kj 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD Hi

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@DeepakKumar-kx4kj let me know if you have any questions relating to mastering English.

    • @DeepakKumar-kx4kj
      @DeepakKumar-kx4kj 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD hi am fan you but tips

  • @meslzy
    @meslzy 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    1.25x speed video ahh

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@meslzy I left silence so that the sound could be etched into the brain.

  • @nightmajic
    @nightmajic 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Great information but learning how to properly pronounce the Chinese names would go a long way.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@nightmajic It's Korean pronunciation. Thank you.

  • @joksal9108
    @joksal9108 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Miss Doolittle.

  • @dohyun-hf4um
    @dohyun-hf4um 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    선생님 particular 이거는 pəˈtɪk·jə·lər 발음기호가 이렇게 되있는데 jə 이부분에서 "여"소리가 안나요.. 왜그런거에요? 그리고 jə 이 발음기호 구글에서 찾아보니까 공식으로 등록된 발음기호표에는 없는거같아요 영국식발음기호표나 미국식발음기호표에서도 안보여요..

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      1./jə/는 schwa와 j (glide 또는 semi-vowel: 영어에서는 자음임)로 구성되어 있으며, 한국어로는 "여"처럼 들립니다. 2.Schwa 때문에 /jə/는 강세가 없는 음절로, 강세가 없는 음절을 가진 단어는 종종 모음 소리를 완전히 잃고(elision이라고 함) 더 짧아집니다. (I have a video on elision, presented as a part of connected speech on my channel) 3."Particularly"는 명확하게 발음할 때 5개의 음절 (par-tic-u-lar-ly)로 이루어져 있습니다. 그러나 거의 아무도 이 단어를 완전히 발음하지 않습니다. 이는 흔한 단어이기 때문입니다. 영어에서 자주 사용되는 많은 단어들이 음절이 줄어드는 엘리션(elision) 현상을 보여줍니다. 원어민들이 빠르게 말할 때는 4 음절로 들리기도 합니다: par-tic-lar-ly 또는 3 음절 par-tic-ly, 더 줄어들어 "par-tic" 또는 "par-tly"처럼 2개의 음절로 들릴 수 있습니다. 이 elision이 영어 듣기가 어려운 또 다른 이유입니다.

  • @Buonarotti10
    @Buonarotti10 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Examples are sorely lacking.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thank you for the comment. To speak in the rhythm of English, you need to know how to divide phrases into rhythm units (or feet), which in English are normally headed by a stressed syllable and optional unstressed syllables: unstressed syllables usually attach to the left side of the stressed syllable. You can find examples of rhythm units and phrases in my video on English feet." th-cam.com/video/MZ3a94xz61w/w-d-xo.html

  • @MahmudulHasan-gp9qm
    @MahmudulHasan-gp9qm 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Would you please evaluate my essay?

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@MahmudulHasan-gp9qm sure. Post it here.

  • @shankarprasad8434
    @shankarprasad8434 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Wonderful 👍

  • @Teti_K
    @Teti_K 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Why fish when it is countable is still used in singular form in following example? “How many fish did you catch?“ If they use "how much" it would be clear for me, that they are talking about fish (uncountable). But in this case, why not "How many fishes?" 🙄

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@Teti_K thank you for the q. Fish is an irregular noun: its singular and plural forms are the same.

    • @Teti_K
      @Teti_K 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD thank you for the answer!

  • @GuzalMakhmudova-n7x
    @GuzalMakhmudova-n7x 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    So useful!

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@GuzalMakhmudova-n7x thanks!

  • @mariamsaleeb8399
    @mariamsaleeb8399 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Could you provide some sophisticated phrases ?

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@mariamsaleeb8399 for essay writing purpose?

    • @mariamsaleeb8399
      @mariamsaleeb8399 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yes, for writing ​@@NanheeByrnesPhD

    • @mariamsaleeb8399
      @mariamsaleeb8399 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yes, for the writing ​@@NanheeByrnesPhD

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@mariamsaleeb8399 ok. I'll make a video on that

  • @ArmanParnak
    @ArmanParnak 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    00:14 Plosives are sounds made by stopping air and releasing it suddenly. 00:49 Plosives are produced by stopping and releasing air 01:10 Plosives have specific locations of stop articulation. 01:48 Plosives are aspirated or unaspirated based on phonetic environments. 02:47 Unaspirated voiceless plosives 03:23 Plosives (stops) have allophones with or without aspiration 03:54 Unreleased plosives occur at end of words 04:23 Plosives have released and unreleased allophones

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@ArmanParnak Thanks, but why?

  • @vijayarubymalan2409
    @vijayarubymalan2409 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks!

  • @mrsjb3083
    @mrsjb3083 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Could you also please make a video on how to properly approach the TOEFL essential, describe a photo, and post it on your social media account section?

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Could you tell me why you need the essential instead of the ibt?

    • @mrsjb3083
      @mrsjb3083 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD my school of choice got an option to take either TOEFL essential or IBT, or IELTS.

  • @NanheeByrnesPhD
    @NanheeByrnesPhD 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Click the linked video for the lecture.

  • @mrbbollywood
    @mrbbollywood 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Why are some words that have the letter "J" have the "Y" sound? Jorgensen (some people with that name pronounce it "Yorgensen", Jung (some people pronounce it "Young"), etc?

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      German or Spanish language speakers?

    • @mrbbollywood
      @mrbbollywood 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD ¡Hola! :) Spanish. But, I also hear other European languages mix those 2.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@mrbbollywood i didn't know that. Thank you.

  • @edaeneo3621
    @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    박사님, 저의 문장 손 좀 봐주십시오. I heard Mary sob, peeping at her through my fingers. 위는 제가 영작한 문장입니다. 나는 들었다, 메리가 흐느끼는 소리를, 내가 메리를 엿보면서, 손가락 사이로. peeping at her through my fingers가 가까이 있는 sob를 수식하지 않고 멀리 있는 heard를 수식하기 때문에 저의 문장은 비문인 것 같습니다. 아래의 영어 문장들은 남의 글입니다. I saw her frightened at the scene. (5형식 문장) 내가 봤지, 그녀가 놀라는 걸, 그 광경을 보고 I saw her, frightened at the scene. 내가 그녀를 봤지, 내가 그 광경을 보고 놀라서. I heard Mary sob, standing by the door. 나는 들었어, 메리가 흐느끼는 소리를, 메리가 문 옆에 서서. standing by the door는 가까이 있는 동사 sob를 수식 Standing by the door, I heard Mary sob. (내가) 문 옆에 서서 나는 메리가 흐느끼는 소리를 들었다. Standing by the door는 가까이 있는 heard를 수식

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      영어에서는 수식어가 문장에서 이동할 수 있어, 수식어가 둘 이상의 항목을 수식할 수 있을 때 모호성이 발생합니다. 이를 "squinting modifier"라고 합니다. 일반적인 규칙은 수식어를 수식하는 단어에 최대한 가깝게 배치하는 것입니다. 수식어가 바로 앞에 있는 단어를 수식하지 않는 경우, 쉼표를 사용하여 의미를 명확히 할 수 있습니다. 이것이 영어의 기본 스타일 규칙입니다. 이를 바탕으로 각 문장을 고려해 봅시다. I heard Mary sob, peeping at her through my fingers. 문법적으로 괜찮네요. "엿본" 사람은 “I” 예요. I saw her frightened at the scene. (5형식 문장) (she = frightened) I saw her, frightened at the scene. (3형식 문장) (I = frightened) I heard Mary sob standing by the door. (Mary = standing: “standing” leads a participle phrase) I heard Mary sob, standing by the door. (I = standing) Standing by the door, I heard Mary sob. (I = standing)

    • @edaeneo3621
      @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD 박사님의 답글 감사합니다. 물살을 거스르는 문장 I heard Mary sob, peeping at her through my fingers. 위 문장이 문법을 어긴 건 아니라서 박사님은 문장으로 인정해주셨습니다. 물에 물 흐름이 있다면 글에는 글 흐름이 있습니다. 글 흐름을 잘 타는 글이 있어 소개하고 답글을 끝내겠습니다. A massive heatwave is sweeping much of Europe. Parts of Italy, Greece, France and Spain has been several days of temperatures around 40 degrees Celsius, which has promoted local authorities to issue red alerts. These warnings suggest that the heat poses a threat not only to vulnerable groups, but also to everybody. (가) much of Europe(문미)이 뒷 문장의 주어가 됩니다. (나) several days of temperatures around 40 degrees Celsius(절미)가 뒷 절의 주어가 됩니다. (다) red alerts(문미)가 뒷 문장의 주어가 됩니다. 꼬리에 꼬리를 무는 문장을 발견했습니다. 재방문해서 추가합니다. The dog is chasing the cat, which is chasing the rat, which is acting crazy.

  • @manoochehrghanbari2325
    @manoochehrghanbari2325 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks

  • @edaeneo3621
    @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    박사님 질문 있습니다: make 사역문 아래의 두 문장에서 바람은 눈물이 나게 할 수 있고 배고픔은 빵을 훔치게 할 수가 있습니다. The wind is making my eyes water. Hunger made him steal the bread. 아래의 두 make 사역문은 말이 안 되는 것 같습니다. She ran her fingers through her hair. = She made her fingers run through her hair. I ran my eyes over the page. = I made my eyes run over the page.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yes, you are correct. The latter forms of each sentence are grammatically correct, but they do sound awkward in English. Here is a translation into Korean, taking into account the awkwardness of the latter forms: Original: She ran her fingers through her hair. Korean: 그녀는 손가락으로 머리를 빗었다. Alternative: She made her fingers run through her hair. Korean (awkward but literal): 그녀는 손가락을 머리카락 사이로 지나가게 했다. Original: I ran my eyes over the page. Korean: 나는 페이지를 훑어보았다. Alternative: I made my eyes run over the page. Korean (awkward but literal): 나는 눈을 페이지 위로 지나가게 했다. In both cases, the original sentences are much more natural in both English and Korean. The alternative sentences, while grammatically correct, sound awkward and are less commonly used.

    • @edaeneo3621
      @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD 답글 감사합니다. 박사님은 가르치는 사람 입장에서 구독자들(저도 포함)에게 도움이 되게 답글을 주셨습니다. 저는 염력이란 관점에서 문제를 삼아 보겠습니다. 염력: 물리적인 힘을 가하지 않고도 물체를 조종할 수 있는 힘. 염동력이라고도 한다. 영어로는 telekinesis, psychokinesis 인터넷 검색해서 가져옴. The wind is making my eyes water. Hunger made him steal the bread. wind는 의지(마음먹기)가 없습니다. 그래서 바람의 염력과는 무관합니다. 무생물 주어의 이점은 간결함입니다. 위 두 영어 문장에서 독자들은 주어(wind, hunger)를 서술어(water, steal)의 까닭으로 받아들입니다. 눈에서 눈물이 난 까닭, 그가 훔친 까닭. She made her fingers run through her hair. I made my eyes run over the page. 위 두 문장에서 주어(She, I)는 생물이어서 의지가 있습니다. 주어 She와 I는 동화 속의 인물 같습니다.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      You are very thoughtful. Are you studying philosophy?

    • @edaeneo3621
      @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD 철학책을 잠깐 공부한 적만 있으니까 현재(is) 진행형(studying)은 아닙니다. 물리적 거리는 oo적 거리에서 oo 안에 인지, 심리, 시간, 언어,.. 위를 책에서 보았다면 글을 읽다가 확인합니다. 예를 들면 I saw you go there. 위 문장에서 you를 중심으로 saw와의 거리 그리고 go와의 거리로 볼 때 saw와 go 사이에는 시간적 거리도 같습니다. 동시입니다. I want you to go there. want는 가까이에 있는데 go는 to 때문에 떨어져 있습니다. want와 go 사이에는 시간차가 있습니다. 내가 원함과 네가 감 사이에는 시간상의 거리가 있습니다. 공부한 것을 영어 문장에서 확인합니다. 저에게는 확인이니까 시비로 여기지 말아주십시오.

    • @edaeneo3621
      @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD 답글을 올리고 나서 수정하려고 재방문하니 답글이 사라져서 다시 올립니다. 철학책을 잠깐 공부한 적만 있으니까 현재(am) 진행형(studying)은 아닙니다. 물리적 거리는 oo적 거리에서 oo 안에 인지, 심리, 시간, 언어,.. 위를 책에서 보았다면 글을 읽다가 확인합니다. 예를 들면 I saw you go there. 위 문장에서 you를 중심으로 saw와의 거리 그리고 go와의 거리로 볼 때 saw와 go 사이에는 시간적 거리도 같습니다. 동시입니다. I want you to go there. want는 가까이에 있는데 go는 to 때문에 떨어져 있습니다. want와 go 사이에는 시간차가 있습니다. 내가 원함과 네가 감 사이에는 시간상의 거리가 있습니다. 음악가는 음에 까다롭다고 합니다. 저는 문장을 상대로 까다롭게 굴고 싶습니다.

  • @edaeneo3621
    @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    저의 댓글에서 일부를 바로잡겠습니다. 후치수식의 예로 a cup of coffee which is fresh and tasty를 들었습니다. 후치수식보다는 전치수식 a cup of fresh and tasty coffee로 고쳐야겠습니다. 후치수식의 예로는 a cup of coffee which is too hot to drink로 하겠습니다.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      That's an interesting point. Often whether a modifier is restrictive or non-restrictive depends on the context, conditional on whether the speaker expects that the listener or reader shares the information. If shared, the modifier is non-restrictive, requiring a pause in speaking and a comma in writing. In the case of "which is fresh and tasty" and "which is too hot to drink", both can be used either restrictively or non-restrictively depending on the context. In general, English grammar requires the use of no comma and "that" for a restrictive modifier function, and a comma and "which" for a non-restrictive function. E.g., "I like a cup of coffee, which is fresh and tasty." Nobody likes to drink a cup of coffee that is too hot to drink.

    • @edaeneo3621
      @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD a cup of coffee which is fresh and tasty 갓 끊여 신선하고 맛있는 커피는 있으므로 말이 됩니다. a cup of coffee which is too hot to drink 마시기에 뜨거운 커피도 존재하니까 말은 됩니다. fresh와 tasty는 사전에 나오는 단어이고 전치수식으로 사용됩니다. fresh and tasty가 커피를 수식한다면 후치할 이유가 없습니다. too hot to drink는 사전에 나오는 한 단어가 아닙니다. 그래서 which is too hot to drink으로 만들어 후치수식이 되게 했습니다. 한국어가 영어보다 좋은 점도 많지만 영어가 부러운 점도 있습니다: 전치수식과 후치수식 모두 가능 어떤 한국인은 영어는 양발잡이 축구선수 한국어는 외발잡이 선수라고 비유했습니다. 박사님 도움을 받아 제가 영어에 더 민감하고 까다로운 사람으로 변했으면 좋겠습니다.

  • @mrsjb3083
    @mrsjb3083 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    this a great advice! I am stuck with a 5 score band in my writing section for TOEFL essential it is because I keep on using templates and I think it doesn't work. I am going to retake the exam on Saturday and I will apply your advice

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Great! Best wishes. Post an essay if you want me to evaluate.

    • @mrsjb3083
      @mrsjb3083 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD The topic about technology has been a discussion in recent years. Personally, I believe that it depends how we utilize technology. For instance, the airplane, there are positive and negative effects of the airplane in our daily lives. The positive effects is we can go to the different places we want to go in an hour or in few hours rather than driving for a long period of time. The negative impact of the airplane is, it produces higher gas emission and it has bad effects in our planet. My classmates perspectives are great and I would like to expand on that. Technology is helping us to make our lives easier but it is also have negative effects in our daily lives such as it can take away our jobs and it has negative effects in our environment.

  • @edaeneo3621
    @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    박사님 질문 있습니다. My flight departs tomorrow at noon. (scheduled future event) 위 예문에서 tomorrow가 at noon보다 앞에 위치해 있습니다. My flight departs at noon. 청자는 오늘 정오에 출발하는 걸로 받아들일 것 같습니다. 첫 번째 문장에서 at noon을 tomorrow 뒤로 뺀 것은 정보가 (오늘 정오에서 내일 정오로.)뒤집어지는 걸 막기 위함인가요? 좋아요 누르고 나가겠습니다.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      감사합니다. 정말 훌륭한 질문입니다. 질문에 답변하기 위해 먼저 한국어와 영어의 몇 가지 차이점을 설명하겠습니다. 첫째, 부사는 문장 내에서 위치를 자유롭게 옮길 수 있습니다. "tomorrow"와 "at noon"은 모두 부사이므로 위치를 자유롭게 옮길 수 있습니다. 둘째, 한국어와 달리 영어에서는 구문(또는 문장)의 마지막 내용어 (focus word)가 가장 중요합니다. 이는 억양 (prosody)에서도 들을 수 있습니다. 일반적으로 낮은 음조로 시작하여 마지막 내용어의 강세 음절에서 (the stressed syllable of the last content word) 음조가 가장 높아졌다가 빠르게 하강합니다. 따라서 내용어 "at noon"을 마지막 위치에 두면 화자가 그것을 초점으로 삼고자 함을 알 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 "내일 비행기는 언제입니까?"라는 질문에 "tomorrow"는 이미 공유된 정보이고, "at noon"이 질문에 대한 답변이 됩니다. 제 설명 중 이해가 되지 않는 부분이 있다면 알려주시기 바랍니다.

    • @edaeneo3621
      @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD 박사님 답변을 해주셔서 감사합니다. 나의 여행 사실을 청자가 모를 때 My flight departs at noon. 내가 위와 같이 말하고 (손 흔들고) 떠나는 인사를 하면 청자는 at noon을 오늘 정오로 받아들일 것 같습니다. 내가 위의 청자에게 My flight departs at noon today라고 말했다면 today는 혹시 있을 수도 있는 at noon tomorrow(정보해석의 뒤집어짐)를 차단하기 위함일 것 같습니다. 공유정보 없이 화자가 My flight departs at noon tomorrow라고 말하면 청자가 at noon까지만 들었을 때는 오늘 정오로 받아들였는데 tomorrow를 듣는 순간 청자는 오늘 정오에서 내일 정오로 정보해석이 뒤집어집니다. 하지만 My flight departs tomorrow at noon이라고 말하면 청자의 정보해석이 뒤집어지는 일은 없습니다.

  • @edaeneo3621
    @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    이 영상을 여러 번 시청했고 앞으로도 몇 번 더 보고 싶네요. 좋은 강의 감사합니다.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      따뜻한 말씀 정말 감사합니다. 어떤 분야에 대해 더 알고 싶으신지 말씀해 주세요. 이해하기 쉬운 동영상을 만들기 위해 최선을 다하겠습니다.

    • @edaeneo3621
      @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD 답글 주셔서 감사합니다. 제가 더 알고 싶은 분야: 한국어-영어 비교/대조 영어학습 채널 시청하다가 궁금한 점 있을 때 댓글 달아 피드백하면 채널 주인님이 싫어합니다. 피드백을 꺼리면 댓글을 삭제합니다. 예를 들면 I start my morning with a cup of coffee which helps me wake up and feel ready for the day. 위의 문장에서 coffee 뒤에 쉼표가 없으면 이상한 것 같습니다. 저의 생각. 이상한 느낌이 드는 까닭은 a cup of coffee which is fresh and tasty같은 (보통의) 커피 한 잔은 존재하니까 마실 수 있습니다. 하지만 아래와 같은 (특별한) 한 잔의 커피는 없다. a cup of coffee which helps me wake up and feel ready for the day 이런 커피 한 잔을 만들 수 있다면 커피집을 차리겠습니다. 유튜버님이 불편해 하시는 것 같아 댓글을 지웠습니다. 박사님의 말씀: 이해하기 쉬운 동영상을 만들기 위해 최선을 다하겠습니다. (이해하기 쉬운 동영상 제작에 도움이 된다고 제가 생각하는) 피드백 댓글 달아도 되겠습니까?

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      You are right; a comma is needed as the info is extra, not essential.

    • @edaeneo3621
      @edaeneo3621 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD 답글 감사합니다. 박사님이 정보란 단어를 사용하셨는데요. 정보처리만 보면 영어가 더 빠릅니다. 왜? 서술어가 주어 다음에 오기 때문. I start my morning with a cup of coffee, which helps me wake up and feel ready for the day. 눈길이 오른 쪽으로 지나가면서 바로바로 정보가 처리됩니다. I start 주술관계가 정보처리 됩니다. start my morning 술목이 처리됩니다. with a cup of coffee 피수식어 start와 거리가 떨어져 있지만 which(보통의 커피 한 잔)가 이끄는 절의 주어 역할을 하고 있습니다. which helps 커피 한 잔이 도와서(주술) me wake up 나는 잠에서 깨어나고(주술) and (me) feel 주술 feel ready 서술어-보어 관계 ready for the day 오늘 하루 시작할 준비가 된(피수식어-수식어 관계) 한국어는 서술어가 문미에 오기 때문에 정보처리가 지연됩니다. 저의 댓글 지우라면 지우겠습니다. 박사님이 삭제하셔도 좋습니다. 댓글 쓰는 동안 글쓰기 공부했으니까요.

  • @beckygreenberg4283
    @beckygreenberg4283 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    INCREDIBLE. as a native speaker, I had no idea of existance of the unreleased plosives. INCREDIBLE.

  • @geethikakonathala
    @geethikakonathala 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Could you please provide the link to the next video? (continuation to this)

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Sorry, I missed this comment. Hope this video is helpful: th-cam.com/video/HEgTxrJ6ZGM/w-d-xo.htmlsi=ngnSBKXkAmOsG7vs

    • @estefannydepina656
      @estefannydepina656 21 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Hello . I bought your reading course and by accident I paid twice but I never got the link

  • @sakari-nothuman
    @sakari-nothuman 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    hi, ahout Q13, the sentence should be inserted in ''D'', not C, right? sorry if I missheard it.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks, let me check it

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yes, it should be D. "A streak of light" is referred to again by "the streaking phenomenon." The definite article "the" is the clue.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I said that "the target sentence should come after C, which means D.

    • @sakari-nothuman
      @sakari-nothuman 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@NanheeByrnesPhD Got it, thanks for the reply! Your videos are very helpful!!!

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@sakari-nothuman thank you. Let me know if you have any questions

  • @juandiegovalverde1982
    @juandiegovalverde1982 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very interesting.

    • @NanheeByrnesPhD
      @NanheeByrnesPhD 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      In English, stress is crucial for semantics.

  • @cameronhill8279
    @cameronhill8279 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    King. Bless your heart. No joke made my day. This was very informative btw. I love it!

  • @zeeameer5653
    @zeeameer5653 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you!