Pharmacology & Orthopedics Free Courses
Pharmacology & Orthopedics Free Courses
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Hepatic Encephalopathy: Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis & Treatment
In this video, You will learn about Hepatic encephalopathy ; Topics covered include:
- Causes of hepatic encephalopathy
- Pathophysiology
- Clinical features
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
=============================
* If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden
* Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/mustafasalahalden
=============================
**** Picture used in the thumbnail is licensed under creative commons licensing, credit: OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
=============================
Video Chapters
0:00 Introduction
2:10 Causes
5:28 Pathophysiology
8:04 Clinical features
11:16 Diagnosis
15:09 Treatment
มุมมอง: 0

วีดีโอ

Ondansetron (Zofran): Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 6014 วันที่ผ่านมา
In this video, I talk about Ondansetron (Zofran); Topics covered include: - Mechanism of action - Therapeutic uses - Pharmacokinetics - Adverse effects - Drug-Drug interactions - Contraindications * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.c...
Metoclopramide (Plasil): Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 6014 วันที่ผ่านมา
in this video, I talk about Metoclopramide, topics covered include: - Mechanism of action - Therapeutic uses - Adverse effects - Drug- Drug interactions - Contraindications * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/mustafasalahald...
Comprehensive Explanation on Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
มุมมอง 2114 วันที่ผ่านมา
In this video, I will talk about the Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), topics covered include: - Definition - Causes - Clinical features - Classification - Diagnosis - Treatment - Complications * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-ca...
H Pylori Management: All Treatment Regimens Explained
มุมมอง 6021 วันที่ผ่านมา
In this video, I will talk about H. Pylori Treatment, topics covered include: - Helicobacter Pylori Treatment regimens and dosing - How to choose a treatment regimen - What to do if treatment regimen fails - Who should receive H. pylori treatment * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafa...
Misoprostol: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 5028 วันที่ผ่านมา
In this video, we talk about Misoprostol ; topics covered include: - Mechanism of action - Therapeutic uses - Pharmacokinetics - Adverse effects - Contraindications * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/mustafasalahalden Pictu...
Bismuth Subsalicylates: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 58หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, I talk about Bismuth Subsalicylate, topics covered include: - Mechanism of action - Therapeutic uses - Adverse effects - Contraindications * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/mustafasalahalden Pictures used in...
Sucralfate (Anti Ulcer Drug): Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 43หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, I talk about Sucralfate, topics covered include: - Mechanism of action - Therapeutic uses - Pharmacokinetics - Adverse effects - Drug-Drug interactions - Contraindications * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/m...
Proton Pump Inhibitors: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 35หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, I will talk about Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs), topics covered: - Mechanism of action - Therapeutic uses - Pharmacokinetics - Adverse effects * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/mustafasalahalden Pictures use...
Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonists: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses and Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 43หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, I will talk about the Histamine H2 receptor Antagonists, topics covered include: - Mechanism of action - Therapeutic uses - Pharmacokinetics - Adverse effects * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/mustafasalahal...
Antacids: Types, Therapeutic Uses, Adverse Effects and Interactions
มุมมอง 23หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, I will talk about the Antacids, topics covered include: - Types of antacids - Therapeutic uses - Adverse effects - Drug Interactions * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/mustafasalahalden Pictures used in the t...
Therapy for Peptic Ulcer Disease Free Course Introduction
มุมมอง 28หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, I will talk about the Peptic Ulcer Disease, topics covered include: - Definition - Causes - Clinical features - Diagnosis - Regulation of HCl secretion and treatment of PUD * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/...
Oxygen Therapy: Indications, Adverse Effects, Monitoring, Oxygen Delivery Devices and MORE
มุมมอง 51หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, I will talk about Oxygen Therapy, topics covered include: - Oxygen Storage - Oxygen delivery devices - Indications of oxygen therapy - Monitoring of oxygen therapy - Adverse effects - CO2 retention - Hazards and risks * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * D...
Mucoactive Drugs: N-Acetylcysteine, Guaifenesin and Carbocysteine
มุมมอง 39หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, I talk about Mucoactive medications, topics covered include: - Definition - Classification - Therapeutic uses - N-Acetylcysteine - Bromhexine - Guaifenesin - Carbocysteine * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/m...
Cough Suppressants (Antitussives) Classification & Mechanism of Action
มุมมอง 27หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, I will talk about the Cough suppressants, topics covered include: - Definition - Classification - Mechanism of action - Dextromethorphan - Codeine - Benzonatate * If you found this content helpful and want to support our work, consider becoming a patron on Patreon at the following link: www.patreon.com/mustafasalahalden * Don't forget to subscribe at th-cam.com/users/mustafasalah...
Treatment of Asthma Exacerbation explained in details
มุมมอง 55หลายเดือนก่อน
Treatment of Asthma Exacerbation explained in details
Asthma Treatment Guidelines 2024
มุมมอง 138หลายเดือนก่อน
Asthma Treatment Guidelines 2024
Mepolizumab & Reslizumab: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses and Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 34หลายเดือนก่อน
Mepolizumab & Reslizumab: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses and Adverse Effects
Omalizumab: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 30หลายเดือนก่อน
Omalizumab: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
Mast Cell Stabilizers (Cromolyn Sodium & Ketotifen): Mechanism of Action & Therapeutic Uses
มุมมอง 145หลายเดือนก่อน
Mast Cell Stabilizers (Cromolyn Sodium & Ketotifen): Mechanism of Action & Therapeutic Uses
Anti Leukotrienes (Montelukast, Zafirlukast & Zileuton): Mechanism of Action & Therapeutic Uses
มุมมอง 86หลายเดือนก่อน
Anti Leukotrienes (Montelukast, Zafirlukast & Zileuton): Mechanism of Action & Therapeutic Uses
Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS): Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 19หลายเดือนก่อน
Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS): Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses & Adverse Effects
Methylxanthines (Theophylline & Aminophylline): Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Uses
มุมมอง 113หลายเดือนก่อน
Methylxanthines (Theophylline & Aminophylline): Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Uses
Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists (Ipratropium Bromide): Mechanism of Action & Therapeutic Uses
มุมมอง 27หลายเดือนก่อน
Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists (Ipratropium Bromide): Mechanism of Action & Therapeutic Uses
Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses and Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 40หลายเดือนก่อน
Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses and Adverse Effects
Bronchial Asthma: Causes, Pathophysiology, Triggers, Classification, Presentation & Treatment
มุมมอง 65หลายเดือนก่อน
Bronchial Asthma: Causes, Pathophysiology, Triggers, Classification, Presentation & Treatment
Fibrinolytic Drugs (Thrombolytics): Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses and Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 432 หลายเดือนก่อน
Fibrinolytic Drugs (Thrombolytics): Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses and Adverse Effects
Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH): Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses and Adverse Effects
มุมมอง 1622 หลายเดือนก่อน
Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH): Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Uses and Adverse Effects
Unfractionated Heparin vs Warfarin: A Full Comparison
มุมมอง 352 หลายเดือนก่อน
Unfractionated Heparin vs Warfarin: A Full Comparison
Wellbutrin (Bupropion) Side Effects & Why They Occur
มุมมอง 302 หลายเดือนก่อน
Wellbutrin (Bupropion) Side Effects & Why They Occur

ความคิดเห็น

  • @thomaspenielubando9368
    @thomaspenielubando9368 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Is it possible its since birth? Mine is a little bit backwards. But no pain of any kind. Does it affect my movement? And does it affect weight gain? I just see mine now. Im 27 and I play competitive basketball, so im wondering its caused by some impact. Thanks doc, hope you notice

  • @user-rb2wn6su8z
    @user-rb2wn6su8z วันที่ผ่านมา

    Where can I find an explanation prednisone and hydrocortisone

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics วันที่ผ่านมา

      There is some good explanations about these medications on statpearls

    • @user-rb2wn6su8z
      @user-rb2wn6su8z 23 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      @@PharmacologyOrthopedics اتقصد هذه قناة ام ماذا

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics 23 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      موقع على الانترنت. اكتب اسم الدواء في كوكل واكتب يمه statpearls

    • @user-rb2wn6su8z
      @user-rb2wn6su8z 23 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      @@PharmacologyOrthopedics جزيل الشكر

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics 9 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      عفوا

  • @user-rb2wn6su8z
    @user-rb2wn6su8z วันที่ผ่านมา

    Thanks

  • @user-rb2wn6su8z
    @user-rb2wn6su8z วันที่ผ่านมา

    Thanks ❤

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics วันที่ผ่านมา

      You're welcome 😊

    • @user-rb2wn6su8z
      @user-rb2wn6su8z วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@PharmacologyOrthopedics The explanation is very clear. I am a pharmacy student from Iraq. I don’t find anyone to explain like you

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thank you so much for your nice comment; I really hope you get the best grades in your class

    • @user-rb2wn6su8z
      @user-rb2wn6su8z วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@PharmacologyOrthopedics A sacrifice for your heart ❤️

  • @salifumohammadpious3530
    @salifumohammadpious3530 12 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Thanks so much

  • @RajeshKumar-ig6wb
    @RajeshKumar-ig6wb 13 วันที่ผ่านมา

    aand

  • @lauriekielkowski7191
    @lauriekielkowski7191 13 วันที่ผ่านมา

    SHOULDN'T THEY FIGURE OUT THE CAUSE FOR WHY YOU HAVE HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE FIRST PLACE

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics 13 วันที่ผ่านมา

      You do make a compelling point, BUT in 90% of high blood pressure cases, there is no specific cause and it result from ageing; with older age, the muscles keeping the vessels open become weak , so the heart have to push harder to get the blood to reach the organs through these semi open vessels and when the heart pushes harder, the blood pressure rises

  • @edwin_cho
    @edwin_cho 14 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Hi, i broke my lower limps in 6 places 2yrs ago, both my thighs bone have not heal/ join completely.. Are there chances still for healing after so long? Thanks

  • @Raximjanov_Bexruz
    @Raximjanov_Bexruz 16 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Can we use cardiac glycosides in this disease?

  • @Deshbhactishortvideo
    @Deshbhactishortvideo 16 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Thank for you

  • @user-rm7sq1wq6j
    @user-rm7sq1wq6j 21 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Yo ur course really helped me , thanks man ❤

  • @RajeshKumar-ig6wb
    @RajeshKumar-ig6wb 22 วันที่ผ่านมา

    aaand😂😂

  • @alphabeta6246
    @alphabeta6246 23 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Great lecture thank you

  • @lestaroberts2189
    @lestaroberts2189 26 วันที่ผ่านมา

    very well done I watched the full thing It definitely deserves more views than this

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics 26 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Thank you so much for your nice comment; highly appreciated

  • @vikashkumar2.0
    @vikashkumar2.0 27 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Superb video 👏👏 Thank you 🙏

  • @trigggography5813
    @trigggography5813 27 วันที่ผ่านมา

    I took Amlodipine for three months and by the time that three month were over I was sleeping 18 hours a day and was so depressed that I didn't care if I died in my sleep. I am too happy and love life to much to feel that way normally. So if you do take Amlodipine and find yourself sleeping more than normal STOP taking it and talk to your doctor. If the doctor tries to convince you to keep taking them,,,get another doctor.

  • @ShreshthSoni-hb2ho
    @ShreshthSoni-hb2ho 27 วันที่ผ่านมา

    When will there be a cure for asthama in the future do you have any information please reply

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics 26 วันที่ผ่านมา

      if you mean medications that relief Asthma symptoms, then I explained them all in this playlist: th-cam.com/play/PLllTTKSgGCnmi2pRpYm3pBasQfy16oM9H.html

  • @user-rm7sq1wq6j
    @user-rm7sq1wq6j หลายเดือนก่อน

    You are a legend ❤

  • @MeekFighters
    @MeekFighters หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you for the 411. Grateful

  • @ashog1426
    @ashog1426 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I like being a nerd lol

  • @monsiebabe2817
    @monsiebabe2817 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you for your informative video. What test can be done to check vitamin B12 and magnesium please? Can it also affect vitamin D?

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics หลายเดือนก่อน

      You are welcome, thank you for watching and commenting; - regarding your question, there is blood tests available to check the levels of vitamin B12 and magnesium - and yes, prolonged PPIs treatment can also cause low vitamin D levels

  • @miguelteran-raful2718
    @miguelteran-raful2718 หลายเดือนก่อน

    The medications for H Pylori, make me nauseous, diarrhea, wierd in general.

  • @miguelteran-raful2718
    @miguelteran-raful2718 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Omg am on this treatment amd i feel so horrible!

  • @ahmedmeaad6818
    @ahmedmeaad6818 หลายเดือนก่อน

    thank you

  • @simrannarang6609
    @simrannarang6609 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thankyou for the simple explanation. If the goal is for early mobilisation should we wait for hard callus to form and then start exercise ie 5-6 weeks, and if we do mobilise before the hard callus formation does the gentle rom puts the bone into risk of getting fractured again?

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics หลายเดือนก่อน

      You are welcome, thank you so much for watching and commenting; the duration of the period to start joint exercises after a fracture depend on a lot of factors e.g. patient age, sex, comorbidities, severity of the injury ...; - but generally speaking, if the patient was treated NON OPERATIVELY for radius/ulna shaft fractures then: gentle shoulder exercises are started the next day (since shoulder is not immobilized in these injuries) , gentle elbow exercises are started after around 4 weeks and gentle wrist exercises are started after around 6 weeks - if the patient was treated OPERATIVELY for radius/ulna shaft fractures then: gentle shoulder exercises are also started the next day (since shoulder is not immobilized in these injuries), gentle elbow exercises are started after around 2 weeks and gentle wrist exercises are started after around 4 weeks

    • @simrannarang2246
      @simrannarang2246 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@PharmacologyOrthopedics Thankyou.

  • @muhammadasifraza2618
    @muhammadasifraza2618 หลายเดือนก่อน

    this medicne makes penile muscle stiff and make penis red even in flaccid state

  • @kwenzamanqele2310
    @kwenzamanqele2310 หลายเดือนก่อน

    this was very helpful, thank you Dr.

  • @simrannarang2246
    @simrannarang2246 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have been looking at all sources of information, and everything was just so messed up,I found your video, and everything was super super clear, cant thankyou enough <3

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics หลายเดือนก่อน

      Glad I could help!, Thank you very much for watching and commenting

  • @simrannarang2246
    @simrannarang2246 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thankyou for making it, simple, sir. I have a question, why is that minimally displaced fractures such as group A2 are preferred to be treated operatively, is(is elbow stifness the only reason) or there is more to ie) and midshaft fractures are treated conservatively, I mean humerus being surrounded by muscles has good blood periosteal supply?

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yes, there is high risk for elbow stiffness with non operative management of distal humerus fracture (even the minimally displaced ones) because after non operative treatment comes a long period of immobilization (which is bad for the joint) so surgery is always preferred; - But when it comes to midshaft humerus fractures; non operative treatment is preferred because those fractures don't require perfect reduction (because they are away from the joint) and also midshaft fractures while being immobilized, they allow for shoulder and elbow joint exercises ; so them being treated non operatively don't affect the joints

    • @simrannarang6609
      @simrannarang6609 หลายเดือนก่อน

      ​@@PharmacologyOrthopedics Thankyou for replying, and clearing my doubt.

  • @francissenajor4764
    @francissenajor4764 หลายเดือนก่อน

    So why is it giving to the patients

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics หลายเดือนก่อน

      Those side effects are quite RARE. They don't happen EVER unless the patient has comorbidities or is taking another medications that lead to the same side effects as the Amlodipine side effects

  • @jedidiahnoskcajbacabac8004
    @jedidiahnoskcajbacabac8004 หลายเดือนก่อน

    here not because i am an aspiring ortho doctor, but i want to understand how my Tibia and Fibula break is healing after surgery with an IMN

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics หลายเดือนก่อน

      I Hope your fracture heals fast; Thank you for watching and commenting

  • @Davids-kt8sh
    @Davids-kt8sh หลายเดือนก่อน

    No such thing as an opiod that not addictive once physically it hard to stop for most unless taken outa society its badest drug but unfortunately we haven't discovered anything better than them for pain

  • @ChronicExcessiveManliness
    @ChronicExcessiveManliness หลายเดือนก่อน

    Great breakdown, and nice that you actually include the side effects, most doctors or companies...do not.

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks, I try to include everything important about the medication in a short video; Your comment is highly appreciated thanks again for taking the time to write it

  • @user-lajcl
    @user-lajcl หลายเดือนก่อน

  • @gajananlahade4087
    @gajananlahade4087 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Nicely explained 🫡

  • @yhwhspirit
    @yhwhspirit 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    ❤ really enjoyed this explanation please continue very clear explanation thank you 🙏 easy to follow

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Glad it was helpful!, Thank you for the nice comment ; highly appreciated

  • @juanarevalo686
    @juanarevalo686 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I’m on this regime right now, man it’s hard on your stomach and body. Hope this cures me.

  • @Take_NotesSuperHooverweight
    @Take_NotesSuperHooverweight 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I've just been given this from my Dr as I don't like Tramadol so I asked for an alternative. Tramadol didn't stop my pain and made me feel really itchy. I hope this is a better alternative. Thank you for this video it makes me feel safer taking it

  • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
    @PharmacologyOrthopedics 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Lecture notes: pharmacologyorthopedics.org/distal-radius-fractures-colles-fracture-smith-fracture-barton-fracture-chauffeur-fracture-more/

  • @RevolutioXxNx
    @RevolutioXxNx 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    my husband had a cutting torch that the fuel line busted and shot flames at both his arms. ER claims it's 2nd degree burn and to clean gently and keep vaseline and wraps all over both arms. Has appointment with Burn unit next week. What should he do until we see them. Does he not need an antibiotic cream as well ? ER never mentioned that just only vaseline. Also his skin still has blackish color from flames I assume almost a purple color , is that bad ? never delt with burns from a flame before. he only hurts where blisters are starting, isn't running any fever, eats and drinks fine

    • @pyro226
      @pyro226 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      What did the burn unit suggest? How is he doing now?

  • @Khen_is_unlimited
    @Khen_is_unlimited 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks bro

  • @sriyanihewage2344
    @sriyanihewage2344 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Dr my grand child is suffering this sickness membranou nefrotic syndrome. now almost one year complete are there any possibilities to cure this sickness.pls help me.

  • @jooleeya6848
    @jooleeya6848 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you 😆

  • @KaiMansa
    @KaiMansa 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

  • @KaiMansa
    @KaiMansa 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

  • @KaiMansa
    @KaiMansa 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

  • @user-lz9cr6by3z
    @user-lz9cr6by3z 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks very much.. I understand it very easy

    • @PharmacologyOrthopedics
      @PharmacologyOrthopedics 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Glad to hear that; thank you for such a nice comment, it means a lot